The main purpose of this study was to investigate in what manner librarians and pedagogues can cooperate in order to help students with reading and writing problems and consequently enhance their information literacy. I aimed to investigate why cooperation between these professions is necessary. Also, I wanted to find out how the general support is on the schools regarding students with reading and writing difficulties, and if the school librarian knows what the special educator can contribute with and vice versa. Lastly, I focused on what knowledge the performers of these professions have about reading and writing difficulties and to what degree their knowledge is based on scientifically proven methods. The two theoretical points of departure are 1) theory of cooperation built upon Louise Limberg’s and Lena Folkesson’s three categories of cooperation 2) and Aidan Chambers’s reading promoting model named the circle of reading. I have used a qualitative method based on semi-structured interviews with both school librarians and pedagogues, who are active at five upper secondary schools. The major findings are that it would be possible to develop the cooperation between these two professions. For example: Research shows that working in teams promotes student learning. Another result is that the informants have a limited knowledge of whether the technical compensatory devices are based on approved research. In conclusion, it was also found that particularly school librarians feel an anxiety about to target aid efforts, directly to students with reading and writing difficulties/dyslexia, because they believe that the students would feel singled out. Such thinking puts in my opinion too much responsibility on the students themselves, to ask for help. The study also revealed that, easy to read literature has a quite small part in supporting these students. The research was undertaken for a two-year master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.

Integrated writing tasks that combine reading, listening, and writing have become increasingly popular in assessing academic writing. These tasks are seen to offer more authenticity, improve fairness, and provide positive washback effects of the test on learning and teaching of English around the globe. However, the integrated nature of these tasks can pose some issues, such as construct-related validity and verbatim source use. Given that the inferences made from test scores depend upon the construct of the measure, it is important to have a working knowledge of how strategies are used on integrated writing tests as part of the process of construct validation. This study investigates the relationship between second language writers’ strategy use and performance on an integrated reading-listening-writing test using structural equation modeling and qualitative approaches. Data were collected from 161 non-native English-speaking students. The students first took an integrated reading-listening-writing test and followed by a strategy inventory on how they thought while completing the test. Twenty students, ten in the high-performance group and ten in the low-performance group, participated in a retrospective interview. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to identify the clusters of items based on three hypothetical factors: Rhetorical, Self-Regulatory, and Test-Wiseness Strategy Use. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was then utilized to test the hypothetical relations between observed and latent variables. Subsequently, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to model the relationship between students’ self-reported strategy use and their test performance. The data collected from retrospective interviews, an open-ended questionnaire, and planning sheets were analyzed to triangulate quantitative results and provide supplementary information in interpreting the quantitative data. The study illuminates the nature of integrated writing strategy use, the nature of integrated writing performance, and the relationship between strategy use and performance on an integrated reading-listening-writing test. The results of the study have implications for second language writing assessment and instruction as well as theory in second language academic writing. / text

TITLE: Methods leading to the connection of communicative, linguistic and literary component at primary school AUTHOR: Anna Šušmáková DEPARTMENT: Czech literature department SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Ondřej Hausenblas ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to map and suggest procedures leading to connection of communication, linguistic and literary education at lower primary school. I find inspiration in both existing and potential procedures. The work helps in orientation in connections of three educations, makes clear how each education helps the other two and how they in pupil`s natural communication and reading belong together. The work considers possibilities and benefits and identifies demands, which such integrating conception and procedures make on teachers and pupils. In the theoretical part the thesis analyses conception and relation of the three educations in Framework Education Programme (RVP) and explores how differently they are understood and used at some schools and by some teachers. The practical part presents semi- structured interviews with the school representatives. The goal of this was creating an exploratory probe, which reveals how realistic are the proposed outcome and lesson changes. The probe also shows desired changes with teachers and the project itself. Finally, the work proposes initial...

L'enseignement-apprentissage du lire-écrire demeure une question chaude du point de vue de sa pertinence sociale, comme du point de vue scientifique et pédagogique. Les débats sur la lecture et son apprentissage constituent encore aujourd'hui un sujet d'actualité, aussi bien pour l'opinion publique que pour l'institution et la recherche scientifique d'autant que malgré les avancées conceptuelles dans le domaine de la littératie, 10 à 15% d'élèves sont toujours en difficultés de lecture à l'entrée au collège. Si l'on connaît mieux les démarches d'apprentissage, on en sait peu sur les pratiques professionnelles des enseignants, notamment avec des élèves en difficulté. La compréhension des pratiques professionnelles de professeurs des écoles en situation d'enseignement/apprentissage initial du lire-écrire constitue l'objet de notre recherche. Elle s'inscrit dans le cadre et les questions théoriques développés dans le courant de la didactique professionnelle dont l'objectif principal est d'analyser le travail en vue de la formation et articule les questions théoriques de ce courant avec les concepts de la didactique disciplinaire autour de la notion centrale de situation (professionnelle et didactique), le processus de secondarisation des savoirs étant au cœur de la réflexion. Pour concrétiser cette intention d'intelligibilité des pratiques, nous avons fait le choix d'une méthodologie basée sur l'observation directe et indirecte de situations d'enseignement-apprentissage menées par des experts, des maîtres-formateurs, et par des novices confrontés à la gestion de l'hétérogénéité des élèves et des niveaux scolaires. Nos résultats viennent renforcer les connaissances d'une grammaire générique des pratiques didactiques de l'entrée dans l'écrit par l'identification de structures conceptuelles de situations et de modèles opératifs. Ils permettent aussi de mieux saisir les conflits de métier, les dilemmes, de pointer des éléments d'une professionnalité potentiellement explicatifs des différences d'efficacité/équité tout en questionnant les discours centrés sur la différenciation pédagogique et l'individualisation. Loin de formuler des « bonnes pratiques », ce travail contribue à enrichir la palette des gestes professionnels utiles à un développement professionnel des enseignants et invite à repenser la formation professionnelle des enseignants à partir d'une compréhension des situations intégrant les savoirs nécessaires pour agir et les savoirs nécessaires à l'analyse de l'activité. / Teaching and learning how to read and write remains a burning question from the point of view of its social relevance as from the scientific and educational point of view. Debates on reading and its apprenticeship constitute even today a topical issue for the public opinion as well as for the institution and the scientific research. In spite of conceptual development in the field of literacy, 10 to 15% of pupils still have difficulties in reading when entering secondary school. If we are more informed about procedures of apprenticeship we know little about professional practices, especially with children in difficulties. Therefore the object of our research deals with the understanding of professional practices of initial schoolteachers regarding how to teach to read and write. It is set in the frame and field of professional didactics which develop theoretical issues about the analysis of teacher training and it is combined with the concepts of disciplinary didactics in order to define the key notion of professional and didactic situation, the process of “secondarization” of knowledge being at the core of our thought. To make this intention of intelligibility of practices concrete we opted for a methodology based on direct and indirect observation of teaching/learning situations led by experts, mentors and initial teacher trainees faced to the managing of students' heterogeneity and various levels. Our results add up to the knowledge of a generic grammar of didactic practices in the field of beginning literacy through the identification of conceptual structures of situations and operative patterns. They also allow to better understand conflicts and dilemmas in the profession, to point out the potentially explicit elements of a professional expertise as far as differences of efficiency/equity are concerned while questioning discourse focused on pedagogical differentiation and individualization. Far from suggesting “good practices”, this work contributes to enrich the range of professional gestures which could be useful to the professional development of schoolteachers and to rethink teacher training and teacher competence from an understanding of situations which integrate the knowledge required for action along with the one necessary to analyze activity.

[pt] O design do livro é uma arte invisível? Depende do leitor. Mas como este leitor é considerado pelos designers de livros? Esta questão é o ponto de partida deste estudo, que busca investigar como o designer pode participar do processo de formação de escritores e leitores, compreendendo a inserção do Design, enquanto campo de vocação interdisciplinar, em projetos em que há a predominância do hibridismo, da mescla de vozes e da mescla de identidades.Sabendo que os designers de livro servem a três clientes: autor, leitor e editor, é verificado que apenas autor e editor interferem diretamente no trabalho do designer, enquanto este profissional considera o leitor apenas por uma noção pré-concebida. Desta forma, questiona-se a ausência do leitor nos projetos de design do livro,ao mesmo tempo em que se propõe a noção de Design da Leitura.O estudo considera as teorias que tratam da recepção e mediação da leitura, como em Chartier, e utiliza-se de um exercício etnográfico sobre os encontros presenciais do Projeto de Escolarização dos Agentes de Saúde voltado para o agentes Guarani das aldeias de Itaxi, Araponga, Sapukai e Rio Pequeno, na região de Angra dos Reis e Paraty. A partir da observação das práticas da leitura do grupo Guarani são levantadas questões para pensar uma abordagem que contemple as características destes leitores. Portanto, ao reconhecer a importância do leitor e das mediações, o Design da Leitura contempla também o letramento, ao tentar contribuir tanto para a alfabetização como para a formação das práticas sociais de leitura e escrita. / [en] Is Book Design an invisible Art? How is the reader considered by book designers? These questions are the starting point for this study, which aims at investigating how can a designer contribute to the process of forming new writers and readers. Design is here approached as an interdisciplinary vocational area where hybrid projects occur; encompassing different voices and identities. We work on the assumption that book designers consider three kinds of clients - the author, reader and publisher - and that only author and publisher have traditionally interfered in the designer´s work more directly, while the reader exists more as a pre-conceived notion. By and large, the reader has been disregarded by book designers. We, then, try to propose what we call a Design for Reading or Reading Design. We consider theories that deal with reception and mediation in the reading process. We use theoretians like Roger Chartier and apply them to an Ethnographic exercise carried out at the Schooling Project with Guarani Health Agents in the Native Brazilian Villages of Itaxi, Araponga, Sapukai and Rio Pequeno in the Angra dos Reis and Paraty Regions. By observing the reading process by the Guarani Agents, we raise questions on how to encompass the specific profile of such a reader in the visual project, thereby recognizing the importance of the reader and mediation in the Reading Design. We also consider some aspects of literacy in order to contribute to new reading and writing. social processes.

A presente pesquisa se propôs a indagar que conhecimentos sobre a língua escrita tinham crianças provenientes de famílias de baixa renda, com escasso contato com livros e leitores no seu entorno extraescolar, ao final da etapa pré-escolar, e em que medida tais conhecimentos poderiam estar relacionados a duas propostas didáticas diferentes. As escolas foram selecionadas em periferias urbanas consideradas de alta vulnerabilidade quando comparadas com outras regiões dos mesmos municípios. Além desse critério de seleção da amostra, procuraram-se pares de instituições com perspectivas contrastantes no que concerne às possibilidades de acesso oferecidas para o ingresso das crianças pequenas nas culturas do escrito. As quatro escolas selecionadas, após análises preliminares, foram organizadas em dois grupos: de um lado, aquelas que propunham práticas de ensino pautadas na apresentação gradual e sequenciada de letras e atividades de cópia (Escolas X) e, de outro, pré-escolas que consideravam a língua escrita como um objeto cultural com o qual as crianças interagiam exercendo diversas práticas sociais de leitura e escrita em distintos contextos de uso, ao mesmo tempo em que tinham possibilidades de apropriar-se das particularidades do sistema de escrita alfabético (Escolas Z). Foram propostas a 60 crianças, com idade média de 6 anos, de ambos os sexos, a resolução de algumas tarefas: escrita do nome próprio e de uma lista de palavras do mesmo campo semântico; leitura de títulos de história em uma série de subtarefas encadeadas com diferentes graus de contextualização; exploração de livros informativo e literário; omissão do primeiro fonema de uma lista de palavras, apenas de forma oral, e conhecimento de letras em um teclado de computador. Os dados obtidos mostraram que em todas as tarefas propostas o grupo das Escolas Z obteve melhores resultados quando comparado ao das Escolas X, sendo que, em algumas, essa diferença mostrou-se expressiva. A análise qualitativa sugere que essa regularidade nos resultados é de especial interesse uma vez que os conhecimentos das crianças sobre a língua escrita, bem como os procedimentos por elas utilizados, podem ser vinculados com as diferentes propostas didáticas envolvendo a leitura e a escrita das quais tiveram a oportunidade de participar. Foi possível concluir que as crianças de todas as escolas possuíam diversos conhecimentos sobre a escrita e tiveram contato sistemático com a linguagem escrita e com textos diversificados. Contudo, a oportunidade que as crianças tiveram de escrever segundo suas possibilidades, de interpretar o escrito, trocar com pares e receber ajuda de docentes que conhecem a especificidade da construção inicial da escrita, promoveu maiores aprendizagens acerca da língua escrita, do que as atividades de cópia e treino de habilidades perceptivo-motoras. Consideramos que esta pesquisa pode vir a fornecer novos elementos para compreender e caracterizar as propostas didáticas de leitura e escrita vigentes na Educação Infantil e fornecer dados que poderão contribuir para alimentar os debates atuais acerca de quem é e o que sabe essa criança que, desde 2010, chega aos 6 anos de idade nas salas de 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental de nove anos. / The purpose of this research is to investigate the knowledge about written language that children from low income families, and scarce contact with books and readers in their environment out of school, have at the end of pre-school, and to which extent such knowledge may be related to two different pedagogies proposals. The selected schools were located in urban outskirts and considered highly vulnerable when compared to other regions within the same city. In addition to this selection criterion, the samples comprehend pairs of institutions with a contrasting outlook regarding the possibilities of access offered to young children in their contact with the writing cultures. After preliminary analyses, the four selected schools were organized in two groups: those which advocated teaching practices guided by the gradual and sequential presentation of letters and copying activities (X Schools) on one hand, and pre-schools which considered the writing language to be a cultural object with which children interacted through diverse reading and writing social practices in different usage contexts, while pondering upon the characteristics of the alphabetic writing system, on the other hand (Z Schools). Several tasks were assigned to 60 children, approximately 6 years old, of both genders: writing of their own names and a list of words within the same semantic field; reading story titles in a series of enchained sub-tasks with different degrees of contextualization; exploring informative and literary books; omission of the first phoneme of a word list, just orally, and knowledge of the letters on a computer keyboard. In all tasks proposed, the data showed that group Z achieved better results when compared to X schools; and it is worth noting that in some tasks such difference was rather significant. The qualitative analysis suggests that such regularity of results is of particular interest since the knowledge children have of and about the written language, as well the means they employ to learn may be related to the different pedagogical proposals involving the reading and the writing that they had the opportunity to take part. It was possible to conclude that children in all the schools had acquired knowledge about writing and had had systematic contact with the written language and with many different texts. However, the opportunity that the children had to write according to their skills, to interpret the written text, to exchange with peers and to be helped by the teachers who know the specificity of the initial construction of a written, produced greater learning about the written language than the activities of copying and training perceptual and motor skills. We believe that this research may ultimately provide new elements to understand and characterize the teaching proposals of reading and writing in force in Childrens Education and provide data that can help to feed the current debates in connection with who this child is and what this child, who begins the 1st of the nine-year Elementary School, actually knows.

Este trabalho é sobre a importância da oralidade enquanto gênero discursivo-textual para o ensino de Geografia na Educação Básica e sua relação com a leitura e a escrita. A problematização emergiu no contexto de nossa participação no Círculo de Pesquisa e Estudos das Fronteiras Teóricas para a Formação de Professores de Geografia, ligado ao LEMADI - Laboratório de Ensino e Material Didático - Departamento de Geografia, USP, coordenado pela Prof.ª Drª Maria Eliza Miranda e das investigações, reflexões e análises do nosso trabalho como professora na Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo. O Ensino de Geografia não tem sido pensado a partir da centralidade da fala do aluno o que exige considerarmos a sua relação com a leitura e a escrita, por meio de interfaces e aproximações de fronteiras teóricas diversas, como a Teoria da Experiência de Aprendizagem Mediada, da Psicologia da Aprendizagem, da Linguística, da Filosofia da Linguagem e do paradigma da complexidade para uma compreensão para além dos aspectos comunicacionais, que contemple a aquisição de instrumentos psicológicos superiores mediados pela fala e, consequentemente o desenvolvimento de pensamentos por conceitos e a formação discursiva do aluno enquanto sujeito. Ainda que discussões de aspectos ligados ao processo de aprendizagem e uso da língua, como a importância da oralidade, sejam inicialmente desconhecidas por professores de Geografia, julgamos que sejam necessárias, pois se constituem como a plataforma mais efetiva de ensino e aprendizagem da própria Ciência, ao favorecer o desenvolvimento de níveis mais elevados de pensamento abstrato. Entretanto ao longo de nossa investigação e prática docente nos deparamos com lacunas e fragilidades de aspectos do processo de alfabetização que ainda persistem e acompanham alunos do Ensino Fundamental II, que estão relacionados diretamente com a oralidade. Diante dos resultados de avaliações externas sobre os níveis inadequados de proficiência dos alunos brasileiros podemos observar a implementação de programas e referenciais por meio de prescrições técnicas que oferecem aos professores poucos elementos de reflexão e ação para o enfrentamento do grave problema do analfabetismo escolar. Frente ao desafio de ensinar Geografia articulado ao desenvolvimento da oralidade concebida dentro de um contínuo com a leitura e a escrita buscamos por meio de uma perspectiva sociocultural de desenvolvimento humano novas análises que subsidiem prospecções de um ensino para além dos resultados de avaliações externas. Por conseguinte buscamos elaborar e aplicar conforme perspectiva encontrada em Schneuwly e Dolz (2010), a Sequência Didática de Geografia por gêneros discursivo-textuais O Brasil vai de quê?, a qual envolveu 77 alunos do 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola pública. Ao analisarmos o Debate Regrado presente na Sequência Didática que tinha como objetivo inicial incentivar o protagonismo dos alunos e o desenvolvimento de uma postura crítica frente aos fenômenos espaciais estudados avançamos para a compreensão dos turnos de Debate como textos orais dos alunos e que necessitam de mediação específica pelo professor para que se tornem possibilidades reais de processos de reorganização e expressão de enunciados e de conceitos, levando-os juntamente com a leitura e a escrita a pensar de maneira contextualizada e complexa. / This work is about the importance of orality as a discursive-textual genre for teaching Geography in Basic Education and its relationship with reading and writing. This problematization emerged in the context of our participation in the Circle of Research and Studies of Theoretical Borders Geography Teacher Training, attached to LEMADI - Teaching Laboratory and Teaching Materials - Department of Geography, USP, coordinated by Prof. Dr. Maria Eliza Miranda and this is about investigations, reflections and analysis of our work as teachers in public schools of São Paulo city hall. The Geography Teaching has not been thought from the central speech of the student which requires consider their relationship with reading and writing, through interfaces and approaches of several theoretical frontiers, such as the Theory of Mediated Learning Experience, Psychology of Learning, Linguistics, Philosophy of Language and the complexity paradigm in order to an understanding beyond the communication aspects, covering the acquisition of higher psychological instruments mediated by talks and, consequently, the development of thinking by concepts and discursive formation of the student as a subject. Although discussions of issues linked to the learning process and use of language, as the importance of orality, they are initially unknown by geography teachers, we believe they are necessary, because they are the most effective platform for teaching and learning of Science itself, to promote the development of higher levels of abstract thinking. However throughout our research and teaching practice we are faced with gaps and weaknesses aspects of the alphabetization process that still persist and follow the students of the elementary school II, which are directly related to orality. Analyzing the results of external reviews of the inadequate levels of proficiency of Brazilian students we can observe the implementation of programs and references through technical requirements that give teachers a few elements of reflection and action to face the serious problem of school analphabetism. Face the challenge of teaching Geography articulated the development of orality conceived on a continuum with reading and writing, we search through a socio-cultural perspective of human development new analyzes that support surveys of teaching beyond the results of external evaluations. Therefore we search to develop and implement according the perspective found in Schneuwly and Dolz (2010), Geography Teaching Sequence by textual genres \"O Brasil vai de quê?\", which involved 77 students from the 7th grade of an elementary school II in a public school. Analyzing the discussion regimented presents in Teaching Sequence which had as initial objective to encourage the involvement of the students and development a critical attitude towards the space phenomena studied, we move to understanding the discussion shifts as oral texts of students who require specific mediation by the teacher to become real possibilities of a reorganization processes and statements of expression and concepts, bringing them together with reading and writing to think contextualized and complex way.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-07-20T16:20:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cléia Maria Lima Azevedo.pdf: 1478132 bytes, checksum: 28c725270a83fedf373ac6e4a206f039 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-20T16:20:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cléia Maria Lima Azevedo.pdf: 1478132 bytes, checksum: 28c725270a83fedf373ac6e4a206f039 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-20 / UEMA - Universidade Estadual do Maranhão / Esta pesquisa possibilita uma reflexão sobre formação e atuação profissional, a partir das vozes das professoras alfabetizadoras, usuárias da língua materna, com conhecimento específico e particularidades próprias do trabalho pedagógico. Nesta perspectiva, coloca-se o objetivo de analisar concepções sobre práticas alfabetizadoras dessas egressas do curso de Pedagogia, tendo em vista suas concepções de leitura e escrita e suas vivências como produtoras e usuárias da língua materna, considerando também o processo de formação docente. Neste cenário, busca-se compreender o jogo social entre o que tem influenciado teoricamente e produzido a sua prática pedagógica de alfabetizadoras. Participam do estudo cinco professoras alfabetizadoras, em exercício de sua docência no ciclo de alfabetização, e duas professoras formadoras, pertencentes ao grupo de coordenadores do PNAIC da Secretaria de Educação do município, todas egressas do curso de Pedagogia de uma universidade estadual da região Nordeste do Brasil. O estudo é de cunho qualitativo, tendo como ponto de partida as entrevistas com as docentes envolvidas na pesquisa, além da sistematização de encontros de grupo dialogal que versavam sobre leitura, escrita, alfabetização e formação docente. Os alicerces teóricos da investigação apoiam-se em Bakhtin (2003, 2006), Faraco (2009, 2010, 2012), Kleiman (2004, 2005, 2007), Morato (2004) Soares (2005, 2010, 2013), Rego (1995), Vygotsky (1996, 1998), dentre outros. Entre as constatações do estudo destaca-se que língua, linguagem, alfabetização e letramento são conceitos produzidos na forma particular como as alfabetizadoras interagem com o fazer docente, considerando suas vivências como usuárias de língua materna constituída no curso de suas histórias de escolarização. Neste percurso, concebem a língua como objeto e meio para alcançar o conhecimento. / This survey provides a reflection on training and professional practice, from the voices of literacy teachers, users of the mother tongue, with specific knowledge and particularities of pedagogical work. In this perspective, place to analyze conceptions of literacy teachers practices of these graduates of the Faculty of Education with a view to their conceptions of reading and writing and their experiences as producers and users of the mother tongue, also considering the teacher training process. In this scenario, we are trying to understand the social game between what has influenced theory and produced their practice of literacy teachers. Participate in the study five literacy teachers, exercising their teaching in the literacy cycle, and two forming teachers, belonging to PNAIC, coordinators group of municipality's Department of Education, all graduates of the Faculty of Education of a state university in the northeast of Brazil. The study is a qualitative approach, taking as starting point the interviews the teachers involved in research, in addition to the systematization of dialogical group meetings that focused on reading, writing, literacy and teacher training. The theoretical foundations of research support in Bakhtin (2003, 2006), Faraco (2009, 2010, 2012), Kleiman (2004, 2005, 2007), Morato (2004) Soares (2005, 2010, 2013), Rego (1995 ), Vygotsky (1996, 1998), among others. Among the study's findings highlight the language, language, literacy and literacy concepts are produced in particular how literacy teachers interact with the teacher do, considering her experiences as a mother tongue of users made in the course of their schooling stories. In this course, conceive of language as an object and means to knowledge.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:56:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thais Helena Tadiotto Martimiano.pdf: 1195286 bytes, checksum: f5cb1c8423cc89ed1fc261f9f708cb05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Reading and writing skills are essential for the growing of population. The official results from performance evaluation programs (SARESP), which is applied once a year, show that many students on the fourth grade of Junior School misinterpret and are not able to write texts. The Behavior Analysis, through the researches based on incentive equivalence model, has been showing promising results related to reading teach. New studies, focused on writing repertoire, will be able to bring results which can contribute with teachers to reach in a more efficient way the necessary conditions for illiteracy eradication. The objective of this study was to evaluate the consequences of a teaching program, applied via the under the name Mestre ®, for the writing and reading skills of eight students from a Junior School located at a suburb on São Paulo Northern area. The students were chosen by the respective responsible teachers, based on the criteria of lowest levels of scoring performance established by the school. The procedure for data collection started with the evaluation of the initial repertoire of each student (before training). The training was based on the connection of words (spoken and written) and pictures, connection of words (spoken and written) and letters and connection among syllables and letters, focusing words with simples and complex syllables, testing expressive reading and manual writing of teaching words. It was evaluated general reading and writing skills via the application of tests of expressive reading and manual writing of new words and phrases, containing learned and not learned words. The evaluation of initial repertoire test was applied for the again afterwards, and after 27 days of the training end, the test for performance maintenance review was applied. The results show that the majority of the students started to read, beyond trained words, new words and phrases; and that all the students were in a generalization writing process, confirming that the procedure and methodology were effective / As habilidades de leitura e escrita são ferramentas essenciais para a formação de um cidadão. Os resultados oficiais do sistema de avaliação de desempenho (SARESP), aplicado anualmente pela Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo, mostram que muitos alunos chegam à 4ª série do Ensino Fundamental sendo incapazes de produzir e interpretar textos. A Análise do Comportamento, por meio de pesquisas com base no modelo de equivalência de estímulos, tem mostrado resultados promissores em relação ao ensino de leitura. Novos estudos, focalizando o repertório de escrita, poderão trazer resultados que possam contribuir para que professores possam agir de forma mais eficiente, condição necessária para que ocorra a erradicação do analfabetismo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de uma programação de ensino, aplicada Mestre®, nas habilidades de leitura e escrita de oito alunos de 4ª série de Ensino Fundamental de uma escola localizada na periferia da Zona Norte. Os participantes foram indicados pelos respectivos professores, pois, de acordo com o processo de avaliação adotado pela escola, se encontravam em categorias indicativas de desempenho insatisfatório no processo de alfabetização. O procedimento de coleta de dados iniciou-se com a avaliação do repertório inicial do aluno (antes do treino). O treino consistiu de relações entre palavras (ditadas e escritas) e figuras, relações entre palavras (escritas e ditadas) e letras, e relações entre sílabas e letras, focalizando palavras com sílabas simples e complexas, testando-se a leitura expressiva e a escrita manual das palavras de ensino. Avaliou - se a generalização da leitura e da escrita por meio de testes de leitura expressiva e escrita manual de palavras novas e de frases, estas contendo palavras ensinadas e novas. Reaplicou-se o teste de avaliação do repertório inicial e, transcorridos 27 dias da finalização do treino, realizou-se teste para verificar a manutenção do desempenho. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos participantes começou a ler, além das palavras treinadas, palavras novas e frases; e que todos os participantes estavam em processo de generalização de escrita de tais palavras, deixando claro que o procedimento foi eficaz

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:12:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Rodrigo Salmazo.pdf: 1275644 bytes, checksum: e71eed2725ef92fff1d18ade0438e339 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-20 / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-25T17:25:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Rodrigo Salmazo.pdf.jpg: 2104 bytes, checksum: c4715912a635b5fbde63d2a9b070733f (MD5) Dissertacao Rodrigo Salmazo.pdf: 1275644 bytes, checksum: e71eed2725ef92fff1d18ade0438e339 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-20 / Secretaria do Estado e Educação / The present work has as objective to study attitudes and procedures of students front to the reading and interpretation of texts in the mathematics classes e the purpose to contribute for the discuss and reflection of teachers of this relatively disciplines to the reading ability and writer of their students, of great importance for their pertaining to school, but also basic learning s for their performance in the social relations. It investigates as students of fifth and eighth grade of the basic education of a municipal school and third college students of a state school, both located in the city of Sao Paulo, react front to the reading of texts in the mathematics classes and search to identify to attitudes and procedures existing in this situation. Our study discloses that activities that involve reading, writing and interpretation of texts in the mathematics classes are outside in the mathematics classes and It leaves evident that in the activities that involve reading, writing and interpretation of texts in the mathematics classes a great dependence of the students in relation to the teacher is established. It still discloses that great part of the students have difficulties with the texts, as much in the reading, writing and interpretation and observed also great difficulty of concentration. The activities that involve reading, writing and interpretation of texts in the mathematics classes if show to the students as something laborious and desestimulante, but, where they weigh the difficulties that find in the activities that they involve reading, writing and interpretation of texts in the mathematics classes, the students recognize their importance. The study in it allows them to make recommendations in the direction of that it must have a way of double hand between reading, writing and interpretation of texts and the constitution to know mathematicians, in the mathematics classes and also that the studies on use and typology of texts would have to be object of inquiry in the area of mathematical education, searching to stimulate the development of different capacities of language and the use of different verbal sorts and writings. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar atitudes e procedimentos de alunos frente à leitura e interpretação de textos nas aulas de Matemática e a finalidade de contribuir para o debate e a reflexão de professores desta disciplina relativamente à competência leitora e escritora de seus alunos, de grande importância para suas aprendizagens escolares, mas também fundamentais para sua atuação nas relações sociais. Investiga como alunos de 5ª e 8ª séries do ensino fundamental de uma escola municipal e de 3ª série do ensino médio de uma escola estadual, ambas localizadas na cidade de São Paulo, reagem frente à leitura de textos nas aulas de Matemática e busca identificar atitudes e procedimentos presentes nessa situação. Nosso estudo revela que atividades que envolvem leitura, escrita e interpretação de textos na aula de Matemática estão ausentes nas aulas de Matemática e deixa evidente que nas atividades que envolvem leitura, escrita e interpretação de textos na aula de Matemática estabelece-se uma grande dependência dos alunos em relação ao professor. Revela ainda que grande parte dos alunos tem dificuldades com os textos, tanto na leitura, escrita e interpretação; e observou-se também grande dificuldade de concentração. As atividades que envolvem leitura, escrita e interpretação de textos na aula de Matemática se apresentam aos alunos como algo penoso e desestimulante, mas, em que pesem as dificuldades que encontram nas atividades que envolvem leitura, escrita e interpretação de textos na aula de Matemática, os alunos reconhecem sua importância. O estudo nos permite fazer recomendações no sentido de que deve haver um caminho de dupla mão entre leitura, escrita e interpretação de textos e a constituição de saberes matemáticos, nas aulas de Matemática e também que os estudos sobre uso e tipologia de textos deveriam ser objeto de investigação na área de educação matemática, buscando estimular o desenvolvimento de diferentes capacidades de linguagem e o uso de diferentes gêneros orais e escritos.