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This study explored the K-12 teacher-student relationship (TSR) by identifying strategies that teachers use to influence students with emotional disabilities' (EDs) school experiences socially, academically, and behaviorally (SAB). The identified strategies were organized around the four phases (appraisal, testing, agreement, and planning) of building teacher-student relationships. This was a qualitative study that involved nine interviews with teachers (6 elementary, 1 middle, and 2 high school) from two school divisions (one rural and one suburban) in southwest Virginia. Data analysis included inductive and deductive coding of the transcribed interviews to identify strategies that teachers use to influence students with EDs SAB and to align the identified strategies within the four phases of building TSRs. Findings of the study suggest five key strategies that teachers are using to influence students socially, five key strategies that teachers are using to influence students academically, and eight key strategies that teachers are using to influence students behaviorally. Additionally, five strategies aligned within the appraisal phase, six strategies aligned within the agreement phase, nine strategies aligned within the testing phase, and nine strategies aligned within the planning phase. The results of this study could provide further insight to scholars to support the need for teachers to use research/ evidence-based strategies when working with students with EDs to assist the students in achieving better outcomes. Educational leaders and teachers are provided with strategies they can use when working with students with EDs to improve school related outcomes and build teacher-student relationships (TSRs). / Doctor of Education / This study explored the K-12 teacher-student relationship (TSR) by identifying key strategies that teachers are using to influence students with emotional disabilities socially, academically, and behaviorally. Additionally, the identified strategies were organized around the four phases (appraisal, testing, agreement, and planning) of relationship building. This was a qualitative study that involved nine interviews with teachers (6 elementary, 1 middle, and 2 high school) from two school divisions (one rural and one suburban) in southwest Virginia. The findings of this study should provide scholars with additional research to support the need for teachers to use research/evidence-based strategies when working with students with EDs to assist the students in achieving better outcomes. Educational leaders and teachers are provided with strategies they can use when working with students with EDs to improve school related outcomes and build teacher-student relationships (TSRs).

La survenue d’une incapacité motrice est un évènement majeur qui ne se limite pas à des dimensions corporelles, mais implique également des dimensions sociales. Elle provoque chez les personnes des perturbations biographiques qui se caractérisent par des ruptures et des bifurcations dans leurs trajectoires de vie ainsi que par la perte de place et de rôle dans la vie sociale. La survenue du handicap oblige à une réorganisation des conditions de vie et à une recomposition du quotidien lors du retour dans le milieu ordinaire après un séjour dans un centre de rééducation consécutif à la survenue de l’incapacité. L’expérience du handicap moteur permet ainsi de saisir la dynamique sociale des trajectoires de vie et les ressources sollicitées par la personne en incapacité motrice dans le processus de sa reconstruction sociale. À partir d’entretiens menés auprès des hommes et des femmes en incapacité motrice et vivant à domicile à Yaoundé (Cameroun), cette thèse a pour objectif d’analyser les interactions entre l’incapacité motrice et l’environnement social dans la réorganisation de leurs trajectoires de vie et dans leurs différentes activités suite à la survenue de l’incapacité. En adoptant un modèle social du handicap, elle met en relief les perturbations biographiques et les ressources sollicitées dans les différentes trajectoires pour maintenir et adapter leur identité. Cela permet une analyse située des mécanismes de construction du handicap à partir des expériences des individus / The occurrence of a motor disability is a major event that is not limited to corporal dimensions, but also involves social dimensions. Individuals are faced with biographical disruptions characterized by breaches and bifurcations in their lifetrajectories and by the loss of place and role in social life. The occurrence of disability calls for a reorganization of living conditions and of the day-to-day life when returning to their usual environment after a stay in a rehabilitation centre. Experiencing motor disability thus makes it possible to grasp the social dynamics of life trajectories and the resources solicited by persons with motor disability in the process of their social reconstruction.Based on interviews conducted with men and women with motor disabilities and living at home in Yaoundé (Cameroon), this thesis aims at analysing the interactions between motor disability and social environment in the reorganization of their life trajectories and in their different activities following the onset of disability. By adopting a social model of the handicap, it highlights the biographical disruptions and the resources needed in the different trajectories to maintain and adapt their identity. It allows a situated analysis of the mechanisms of production of disability from the experience of individuals.

La présente thèse porte sur les ateliers d'écriture issus du « marché libre » (par opposition au marché institutionnel). Elle se propose d'étudier d'une part, les processus d'engagement à l'œuvre chez les participants au sein de deux ateliers d'écriture à Bordeaux, l'un ayant une visée plus spécifiquement d'insertion, et d'autre part, les processus de non engagement chez des personnes qui ne participent pas à l'un de ces ateliers. Pourquoi s'engage-t-on ou pas dans un atelier d‟écriture ? Les variables sociodémographiques sont-elles les seules à l'œuvre dans ces processus ? Comment ces processus d'engagement ou de non engagement se sont-ils mis en place chez le sujet? Que recouvre écrire dans ce contexte ?L'enjeu de cette recherche est donc de saisir dans leur singularité les raisons qui sont à l‟origine de ces processus en essayant de les comprendre à partir de 22 entretiens semi-directifs et en s'appuyant, entre autres, sur les travaux de Lahire, de Charlot, de Barré-de Miniac, de Dubet et de Mezirow. Ce travail est le résultat d‟une enquête à dominante qualitative menée entre 2010 et 2015. L'approche pluridisciplinaire convoque les sciences de l‟éducation, la sociologie et l‟anthropologie et inscrit la thèse dans le champ de la sociologie de l‟éducation. Pour mener à bien cette recherche, j'ai adopté un regard comparatif entre des participants et des non participants aux origines sociales variées (niveau scolaire, situation professionnelle, CSP des parents, pratiques d‟écriture,…). Après une analyse complexe, par une approche de ces enquêtés, de leurs diverses raisons d‟engagement ou de non engagement et à la lumière des variables sociodémographiques, cette étude amène à relativiser l'impact de ces variables sur ces processus et donne à voir quatre configurations avec des logiques d‟actions multiples : les « contourneurs », les « créatifs », les « conformistes » et les « rêveurs ». Ces configurations sont venues éclairer de manière explicite, la genèse de ces processus d‟engagement ou de non engagement dans un atelier d‟écriture. En outre, elles interrogent en filigrane, ce que l‟expression « atelier d‟écriture » représente pour ces enquêtés.Par ailleurs, de nombreux travaux sont unanimes pour présenter l‟atelier d‟écriture comme un dispositif capable d‟amener l'individu non seulement à oser écrire, mais aussi à mieux écrire. Cette recherche n‟échappe pas à ce postulat et va au-delà en examinant quatre parcours de participants, elle montre la manière dont ces derniers ont transformé profondément leurs schèmes de perception à l‟issue de cet atelier d‟écriture. / This research comes out as the result of an inquiry (based mostly on quality rather than on quantity criteria) and which I carried out from 2012 to 2015 in two different creative writing work groups in Bordeaux. My work relies on 22 semi-open interviews: I strove to understand how and why each interviewee developed or didn't develop some commitment process to the creative writing work activity. In that perspective I took on a comparative look at the people who joined in the creative writing work group and those who didn't. They all had different backgrounds –either by their school career paths, or their professional occupations or their parents' socio-economic categories or their writing habits –. Thanks to a new topic approach, the analysis of the interview data has led me to lighten up about the importance and impact of the socio demographic variables and allowed to put the interviewees down to four configuration types: the “Bypassers”, the “Creatives”, the Conformists and the Dreamers. Those configurations explicitly shed a new light on the commitment process or non-commitment to a creative writing work group process. Key words : creative writing work group, relation to writing practice, commitment, writing

Au cours de cette thèse, nous avons étudié les phénomènes associés à l'attraction sociale chez une espèce d'oiseau chanteur hautement sociale : l’étourneau sansonnet, Sturnus vulgaris. Nous nous sommes d’abord intéressés à la nécessité d'être en contact (au moins visuel) avec des congénères. Nous avons ainsi pu mettre en évidence que les étourneaux sansonnets recherchaient activement le contact visuel avec des congénères, et par conséquent que les contacts sociaux semblaient perçus comme essentiels par ces animaux. Nous avons également démontré que la recherche active de contact visuel avec des congénères était dépendante de l'expérience sociale précoce des individus. Les individus élevés sans modèle adulte n'étaient pas toujours motivés par des stimulations sociales. Ainsi, le contact social aurait perdu son appétence chez des individus s'étant développés sans adulte. Enfin, nous nous sommes intéressés aux caractéristiques des contacts sociaux qui attirent les étourneaux. Nous avons montré un choix très clair pour des images de congénères plutôt que des chants de congénères. Ce résultat montre une préférence pour la modalité visuelle chez une espèce qui communique principalement par des signaux acoustiques. Nous avons approfondi cette découverte en présentant la modalité visuelle sous deux formes différentes (interactive ou statique). Les résultats montrent une préférence très marquée pour les stimulations visuelles présentées sous une forme interactive, i.e. sous la forme d'un miroir. Par conséquent, la proximité visuelle ainsi que la présence de mouvement semblent être deux critères essentiels de l'attraction sociale. / This work investigates the phenomena underlying social attraction in a highly social species of songbirds: The European starling, Sturnus vulgaris. We investigated first whether contact (at least visual contact) with conspecifics can be considered as necessary. We showed that starlings actively seek visual contact with conspecifics, which suggests that social contacts are perceived as essential by these animals. We also showed that the active search for visual contact with conspecifics is experience-dependent. Fully grown adult-deprived starlings are thus not always attracted by social stimulations. Social contact can therefore lose its appetitive value when young are reared without adult models. Finally, we investigated what features of social stimulations may be attractive for starlings. We showed that starlings clearly prefer pictures of conspecifics to conspecifics' songs. A strong preference for the visual modality is thus evidenced in a species that communicates mainly through acoustic signals. We further explored this preference by confronting starlings to static and interactivevisual stimulation. Results showed a strong preference for interactive stimulation, that is for a mirror. Visual proximity and interactivity therefore seem to be two essential features of social attraction.

How an individual's choice of profession is influenced has been studied for over 50 years. The main outcome of this research is that parental influence has a major impact on this decision. However, how the choice of profession is influenced and through what mechanisms are still somewhat inconclusive. This study aims to understand how the choice of profession is influenced. Central aspects are how parents, relations, social experiences, events and attitudes affect the choice of profession. Previous research shows how parents influence a child’s choice of profession, but that there are also mechanisms that influence that has not yet been defined. This study is based on qualitative interviews with six respondents of different ethnicity, education level and sex. Several factors that seem to influence the choice of profession have been distinguished in this research. We conclude that except from parental impact, also attitudes from friends, teachers and society in general influence the decision of future careers. Also, previous events and work experience seem to play a role. / Hur en individs yrkesval påverkas är något som har undersökts i över 50 år. Att föräldrarna påverkar barnens yrkesroll är något som har bekräftats. Men hur påverkan sker och vilka mekanismer som avgör yrkesvalet är något mer oklart. Syftet med detta självständiga arbete är att förstå hur yrkesvalet påverkas. Centrala frågor är hur föräldrar, relationer, sociala erfarenheter, händelser och attityder tillsammans påverkar yrkesvalet. Tidigare forskning visar att föräldrar påverkar yrkesvalet, men att där även finns andra mekanismer som inte har fastställts. Denna studie baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer med sex respondenter av olika etnicitet, utbildningsnivå och kön. Flera mekanismer som påverkar yrkesvalet har gått att urskilja i denna undersökningen. Huvudsakligen grundar sig dessa i föräldrar, umgängeskretsar, samhället samt personliga egenskaper och tidigare händelser i individers liv.

[pt] A tese explora analiticamente a arena pública formada ao redor da questão da precariedade habitacional nas cidades de Londres e Rio de Janeiro a partir do acompanhamento de quatro movimentos sociais formados nessas cidades, traçando relações entre direitos, cidadania e participação. A análise desenha um panorama da questão da moradia no Brasil e no Reino Unido, formado por distintas experiências sociais relativas ao tema. Com base em uma metodologia que propõe a distinção das dimensões referentes às experiências (integradora, estratégica e cultural), a tese explora os limites entre privatividade e publicidade de questões relacionadas à moradia e sugere categorias interpretativas para compreensão dos movimentos sociais de luta por moradia contemporâneos e de suas demandas, que envolvem o acesso individualizado a residências dignas e o direito à cidade. Alguns temas sobressaem no desenrolar da análise, dentre eles a individualização de políticas públicas de moradia, a precariedade que experimentam os indivíduos que passam por ameaças de remoção, a importância de analisar os movimentos sociais de moradia que se organizam nas periferias, e as demandas por reconhecimento espacial que operam. / [en] This thesis analytically explores the public arena shaped around the issue of precarious housing in the cities of London and Rio de Janeiro. The arguments are based on the investigation of four social movements formed in these cities, tracing relationships between rights, citizenship and participation. The research presents an overview of the housing issue in Brazil and United Kingdom, grounded on different social experiences related to the theme. Based on a methodology that proposes the distinction of dimensions related to experiences (integrative, strategic and cultural), the thesis explores the limits between the private and public on issues related to housing and suggests interpretative categories for understanding contemporary social movements struggling for housing as well as their demands, which involve individualized access to decent homes and the right to the city. Some themes stand out from the analysis, among them the individualization of public housing policies, the precariousness experienced by individuals who undergo threats of removal, the importance of analysing social housing movements that are organized in the peripheries, and the demands for spatial recognition in which they operate.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:32:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Simone de Almeida.pdf: 1792711 bytes, checksum: 68b339084f3949c5cf20d7cba01fd9ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work started from the inquiry about the mechanisms of effective participation and/or presence of families inside the school. The choice of the research object was due to the professional existence related to the partnership among the institutions and, on the other hand, to the mutual responsibility for the child/student s development. The main objective of this work was to investigate how and whether the participation of parents/relatives occurs at school or not, especially in the last grades of Primary School, which consist of the grades from 6th to 9th (previously called 5th to 8th grades), approaching the participation/presence in both public and private schools. This research was accomplished in a state public school (taking into consideration that the city public schools analyzed principally attend the initial grades of the Primary School) and a private school, both located in the city of Mogi das Cruzes, in the state of São Paulo. The schools were chosen taking as an important criterion the existence of classrooms from the last grades of Primary School and because they were schools belonging to neighborhoods, whose public mainly consisted of the surrounding neighbors who, therefore, would have more conditions to establish an affective relationship with the community. The data analysis was accomplished taking into account the theoretical references by some authors from the Social Sciences, considering Dubet s concepts of social experience and logics of action and Lahire s, Thin s and Vincent s concept of school form. To collect the data, we interviewed eight teachers, two representatives of the director team and nine students parents/relatives. We also conducted non-participant observations within the school environment, in situations with the families, as well as we proceeded to the analysis of documents (Director Plan, regarding both the public and private schools, and the specific legislation). According to the results obtained and considering the different realities investigated in this work, it is possible to point out some tendencies in the relationships established between the families and the schools, which suggest that, although the raised hypothesis lead to essentially strategic actions considering the private school, and actions designed by the subjectivizing logic, considering the public school, the construction of the social experience of the relationships happens by means of the heterogeneity of the cultural and social principles that organize the representatives behavior in both socialization institutions / Esta pesquisa partiu do questionamento sobre os mecanismos de efetiva participação e/ou presença das famílias na escola. A escolha pelo objeto de pesquisa foi decorrente das vivências profissionais relacionadas à tão aclamada parceria entre as instituições e, por outro lado, à responsabilização mútua pelo desenvolvimento dos filhos/alunos. O objetivo central do trabalho foi investigar como e se ocorre a participação dos pais/ familiares na escola, sobretudo no Ensino Fundamental II, que compreende as turmas de 6º a 9º ano (5ª à 8ª séries), abordando tanto a participação/presença em escola pública, quanto em escola da rede privada. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola pública estadual (tendo em vista que a rede de ensino municipal em questão atende majoritariamente o ciclo I ou séries iniciais do ensino fundamental) e uma escola privada, ambas localizadas na cidade de Mogi das Cruzes- SP. As escolas foram escolhidas tomando como critério fundamental a existência de turmas de ensino fundamental II e o fato de serem escolas de bairro, que atendem primordialmente os moradores dos arredores e que, portanto, teriam mais condições de estabelecer uma relação efetiva com a comunidade. A análise dos dados realizou-se à luz de referencial teórico de autores das Ciências Sociais, em especial com os conceitos de experiência social e lógicas de ação de F. Dubet e o conceito de forma escolar desenvolvido por Lahire, Thin e Vincent. Para coleta de dados foram realizadas entrevistas com oito professores, dois representantes da equipe de gestores e nove pais/familiares de alunos. Foram também realizadas observações não-participantes nos ambientes escolares, em situações de relação com as famílias, bem como procedeu-se à análise de documentos (Plano de Gestão, no caso da escola pública, Plano Diretor, no caso da escola da rede privada e legislação específica). De acordo com os resultados obtidos e tendo em vista as diferentes realidades investigadas neste trabalho, é possível vislumbrar algumas tendências nas relações estabelecidas entre as famílias e as escolas, as quais sugerem que, embora a hipótese levantada aponte para ações fundamentalmente estratégicas, no caso da escola privada, e ações delineadas pela lógica da subjetivação, no caso da escola pública, a construção da experiência social das relações se faz por meio da heterogeneidade dos princípios culturais e sociais que organizam as condutas dos representantes de ambas as instituições socializadoras

Ce travail entend étudier la manière dont l’occupation allemande, au cours de la GrandeGuerre, redéfinit les configurations sociales et les interdépendances au sein des populationsciviles. La micro-analyse dans le cadre du département de l’Aisne nous offre l’opportunitéd’un carottage de la réalité sociale de l’échelle mezzo à l’échelle micro. La comparaison dessituations vécues au sein du département, à partir des nombreux récits collectés, permet dedresser les contours d’une violence propre à l’occupation qui ne se réduit pas pour autant à laviolence exercée par l’occupant. Le regard porté sur les municipalités rend compte d’unnouvel équilibre des pouvoirs au niveau local : les maires, considérés par l’occupant commeseules autorités légales, doivent trouver avec lui des modes de coopération qui soientacceptables. Dans le même temps, ils sont amenés à renouveler leurs pratiques afin derépondre aux urgences sociales comme aux injonctions des commandants. Enfin, à l’échelleindividuelle, les perceptions et les stratégies des civils sont examinées comme celles d’acteurssociaux au sein de communautés locales. Sont alors dévoilées les tensions et la duplicité desattitudes à l’égard de l’autorité d’occupation, duplicité qui n’exclut pas des formes derencontres et d’ententes avec des soldats ennemis. / This study intends to explore how German occupation during the Great War redefines socialconfigurations and interdependencies among civilian populations. Analyzing a limited arealike Aisne provides us an opportunity of drilling in social reality, from mezzo to micro scale.Comparing experiences within the 'département', on the basis of numerous accounts gathered,allows us to outline the contours of a specific violence during military occupation which is notonly the violence of German armies. The perception of municipal governments accounts for anew balance of power at local level : mayors, considered by occupier as the only legalauthorities, have to define with him acceptable ways of cooperation. At the same time, theymust renew their practices to respond to social emergencies and orders of Germancommanders. Finally, at the individual level, strategies and perceptions of civilians areexamined as those of social actors within local communities. This brings us to gauge both theextent of tensions and the duplicity towards occupying authority, duplicity which does notexclude different types of meetings and agreements with enemy soldiers.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:18:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clarissa Andrade Carvalho.pdf: 863827 bytes, checksum: ff3715d28184edc70829385cfaf4aeff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-09 / The present study reports a social experience involving blind people in Aracaju and was carried out from 2004 to 2009. This research related knowing how they organize their lives with regards to: representations, feelings, values, the belonging network and historic action. Starting from the principal that any blind person, as well as any other person, should have the possibility of leading a life of their own, and therefore ought to rely on support from the State and Society, as much as in meeting their essential needs, such as safe feeding, dwelling, education, transport, leisure, engineering and proper urban spaces, as in taking part in the socioeconomic, cultural and political organization of the country, through work and other creative activities. All subjects within this study have acquired blindness and this study derived from people s own understanding. The theoretical perspective is well-founded upon Edward Palmer Thompson, who places the subject in the center of the historical process, and regards their action as a response to their needs, which outlines their way of life. This study encompasses a qualitative approach, and life history was its methodological tool for data gathering. While depicting the ways and means by which these people organize their lives, socially interacting, constructing their practices and identities, I well hope to contribute toward improving protection and promotion measures currently adopted in Aracaju concerning this social segment / Este é um estudo sobre a experiência social de pessoas cegas em Aracaju, realizado no período de 2004 a 2009. Com esta pesquisa quis conhecer o modo como organizam suas vidas: representações, sentimentos, valores, rede de pertencimento e agir histórico. Parto do princípio de que toda pessoa cega, assim como as demais pessoas, deve ter a possibilidade de conduzir sua própria vida e de que, para isso, deve contar com o apoio do Estado e da Sociedade; tanto no atendimento das suas necessidades essenciais como segurança alimentar, moradia, saúde, educação, transporte, lazer, engenharia e espaços urbanos adequados, bem como sua participação na organização socioeconômica, política e cultural do país, através do trabalho e de outras atividades criativas. Todas as pessoas desse estudo têm cegueira adquirida e este trabalho parte da compreensão das próprias pessoas. A perspectiva teórica fundamenta-se em Edward Palmer Thompson, que traz o sujeito para o centro do processo histórico e a sua ação em resposta às necessidades, e é esta ação que delineia o seu modo de vida. É um estudo de abordagem qualitativa e a ferramenta metodológica, para a coleta de dados, foi a história de vida. Ao mostrar os meios e os modos com os quais essas pessoas organizam suas vidas, interagindo socialmente, construindo seus fazeres e as suas identidades, espero contribuir para o aprimoramento das medidas de proteção e promoção ora adotadas, em Aracaju, para este segmento social