Orientador: Emília Pietrafesa de Godoi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T16:13:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AmoedoMartinez_Diego_M.pdf: 3244178 bytes, checksum: 16a58d719afed88a003fc28be8b1c269 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta dissertação de mestrado é fruto do trabalho de campo realizado entre os anos 2011 e 2013 em Tourém, uma aldeia rural fronteiriça entre a Galícia (Es) e Portugal. O foco principal do trabalho é a análise das transformações sócio-territoriais da aldeia decorrentes desde finais da década de 1960 e começos de 1970, momento em que o aumento da emigração contemporânea teve seu auge. Trabalhamos, portanto, duas vertentes diferenciadas das mudanças acontecidas na aldeia: transformações sociais e territoriais da aldeia de Tourém, através do termo terra. A terra é elevada aqui a categoria analítica, pois, é um termo usado pelos moradores da aldeia de Tourém, um termo polissêmico que se refere à aldeia, baixo a nomeação de minha terra; as terras seriam também os diferentes destinos da emigração pelos que passaram os vizinhos da aldeia; e, finalmente a terra, também faz referência á terra-produtiva, sustento da agricultura e pecuária que é a atividade econômica mais importante. Através das trajetórias de vida das pessoas da aldeia e de suas histórias de família e de vida, combinamos os diálogos teóricos com as descrições etnográficas dos usos e desusos das terras de Tourém; assim como os diferentes grupos sociais e os diferentes tempos que têm as pessoas que moram na aldeia. De forma mais explicita dialogamos com conceitos como territorialidade, território e história do lugar através das narrativas dos moradores, das histórias de vida e de família / Abstract: This dissertation is the result of fieldwork conducted between 2011 and 2013 in Tourém , a rural border village between Galicia (Spain) and Portugal . The main focus of the work is the analysis of socio - territorial transformations happening in the village since the late 1960s and early 1970s , at what time the rise of contemporary emigration peaked . We work analysing two different aspects of the changes taking place in the village of Tourém: social and territorial transformations understood by the word of terra. A terra (land) in this context is a highly analytical category , a polysemic term used by the villagers of Tourém that refers to the village from the basis of my land (minha terra). These terras would also be the different destinations of emigrants for those who passed through neighboring village, and finally terra, also refers to the land's agriculture and livestock that are the most important economic activities. Through the life trajectories of the village people and their family histories, we combine theory and ethnographic descriptions with the uses and disuses of the Tourém's terra; as well as different social groups during their respective times who live in the village . More explicitly conversed with concepts such as territoriality , territory and history of the place through the narratives of the families, residents and life trajectories / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestre em Antropologia Social

Orientador: Samuel Frederico / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T20:15:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_EwertonTeixeira_M.pdf: 1909207 bytes, checksum: d5166752445b8635f4307b6af821e584 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: No atual período histórico, a importância crescente dos fluxos de todas as ordens (mercadorias, pessoas, serviços, dados, informações, capital) remete à necessidade de racionalização, otimização e operacionalização da circulação e comunicação de acordo com a ótica dos agentes econômicos hegemônicos, configurando um uso corporativo e seletivo do território. Novos sistemas técnicos agrícolas se difundiram ancorados em densas cargas científicas, tecnológicas e informacionais, permitindo a reestruturação produtiva do setor, isto é, a promoção de transformações nos elementos técnicos e sociais da agricultura. A racionalização dos intensos fluxos de mercadorias e informações fez com que a logística assumisse uma importante função na produção agrícola, cada vez mais especializada e fragmentada espacialmente. Considerando a logística como elemento espacial do atual período, propomos identificar e analisar as competências logísticas materiais, normativas e operacionais que conferem fluidez territorial e competitividade aos agentes do circuito espacial produtivo do café na região do Sul de Minas. Especificamente, buscaremos apresentar as características que nos permitem considerar esta porção do território brasileiro uma região competitiva agrícola, atrelada à produção do café. Também procuraremos analisar o circuito espacial produtivo dos 'cafés especiais', com ênfase na organização logística dos fluxos materiais e imateriais. Para tanto, usaremos como estudo de caso, a organização logística da empresa exportadora de 'cafés especiais', Bourbon Specialty Coffees, com sede na cidade de Poços de Caldas/MG e atuação nas principais regiões cafeeiras do país, com destaque para o Sul de Minas / Abstract: In the current historical period, the importance of the increasing orders of all things (e.g.: goods, people, services, data, information, capital) calls for the necessity of communication and circulation of the rational, optimal and operational aspects in accordance to the optics of the hegemonic economical agents, configuring a corporate and selective use of the territory. New agricultural technical systems have widespread anchored to heavy scientific, technological and informational loads, permitting the productive restructuring of the sector, that is, the promotion of transformations in social and technical elements of agriculture. The rationalization of the intense flow of goods and information made logistics assume an important position in the agricultural production, increasingly more specialized and spatially divided. Considering logistics as a spatial element of the current period, we propose to identify and analyze the material logistical ability, normative and operational that confer territorial fluidity and competitiveness to the spatial productive circuit agents of coffee in the south of the Minas Gerais region. Specifically, we will seek presenting the characteristics that allow us to consider this portion of the Brazilian territory a competitive agricultural region, linked to the production of coffee. We will also analyze the spatial productive circuit of the 'special coffees', with emphasis in the logistical organization of the material and immaterial flow. In as much, we will use as a case study, the logistical organization of the 'special coffee' export company, Bourbon Specialty Coffees, situated in the city of Poços de Caldas/MG and its operation in the main coffee regions of the country, mainly in the South of Minas / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia

Orientador: Emilia Pietrafesa de Godoi / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T08:43:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luna_MarisaBarbosaAraujo_D.pdf: 4601306 bytes, checksum: 16f6b15567fdd6eee9c752928be7e167 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Nesta tese tomo por objeto alegações de domínio sobre territórios e recursos naturais na Reserva Extrativista do Alto Juruá, localizada no oeste do estado do Acre e na Comunidade Remanescente de Quilombo de Praia Grande, no Vale do Ribeira, estado de São Paulo. Aproximo os dois contextos, remodelados pelo reconhecimento e pela institucionalização de direitos coletivos - ambientais e étnicos. As duas situações têm em comum o reconhecimento de uma territorialidade específica, que serve de base para a titulação coletiva da terra. Como reflexos da ingerência de políticas públicas em áreas de uso comum, ocorrem transformações nas lógicas de apropriação, de domínio e de uso do território, que legitimam direitos em casos específicos / Abstract: In this dissertation I examine claims over territories and natural resources in the Upper Juruá Extractive Reserve, in the western state of Acre, and the descent of Quilombo Community of Praia Grande, in the Ribeira Valley, state of São Paulo. In both situation the meaning of land claim have been reconfigured in order to accommodate the institutionalization of collective rights - environmental and ethnic - and the shared fact that recognition of a specific territoriality is the basis for collective land legal recognition. As result of inflections of public policies of common land, occur transformations in the logics that underlie legitimacy of ownership rights, in specific cases / Doutorado / Antropologia Social / Doutora em Antropologia Social

Este estudo, construído através de revisão bibliografia e de pesquisa etnográfica, aborda as historias narradas pelos Kaiowa de Panambizinho (Dourados, MS), a partir de dois eixos de análise: - a ocupação não indígena da fronteira entre Brasil-Paraguai, largamente calcada nas políticas estatais, desde o final do período imperial, que se dá na contramão dos direitos jurídicos relativos à ocupação indígena de suas terras; - as percepções dos Kaiowá a respeito deste processo. A analise das narrativas reunidas durante a pesquisa permite ainda contextualizar a construção de suas noções de alteridade, territorialidade e organização social. O intenso contato e a drástica redução das terras inserem os Kaiowa em um contexto de grandes mudanças, que, entre outros aspectos, impulsionam uma simplificação de suas formas de organização e transformam as práticas de suas lideranças. Contexto onde os xamãs e as práticas rituais perdem muito de seu espaço. / This study, made up of bibliographical proofreading and ethnographical research, discuss about the stories told by Kaiowa de Panambizinho (Dourados,MS), from two lines of analysis: - the non-indigenous occupation of Brazil-Paraguay border, widely molded into the state politics, since the end of the imperial period, that is given in opposition to the juridical rights related to the indigenous occupation of their land; - Kaiowa\'s perceptions concerning to this process. The stories analysis joined during the research let contextualize the building of their notions of alterity, territoriality and social organization. The intense contact and drastic land reduction introduce the Kaiowa into a contest of great changes, in other aspects, they impel a simplification of their organization form and change the practice of their leadership. In this context, shamans and their ritual performance lose their space.

Esta tese é resultado da pesquisa realizada entre as famílias tupi guarani, que compõem a aldeia Ywy Pyhaú, situada no município de Barão de Antonina, sudoeste do estado de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma etnografia cujo intuito é abordar as múltiplas dimensões do movimento da pessoa, dentre eles os sonhos (xeke rupi...), tema que orientou a pesquisa de doutorado e guiou a escrita desta tese. Além dos sonhos se apresentarem como possibilidades de relações entre os diversos tipos de gente que habitam o cosmos, é através deles que recebem seus mborei (cantos-reza), aconselhamentos e mensagens divinas, bem como, revelações de Nhanderu, que podem tanto interferir no dia-a-dia das pessoas e em suas decisões pessoais quanto servir de impulso a eventos maiores como, por exemplo, as mudanças nos locais onde constituem suas aldeias. Evidenciando assim, que aquilo que experienciam durante o sono, influencia sua vida desperta. No entanto, por se tratar de uma das dimensões do movimento da pessoa, não é possível dissociar os sonhos de outras tantas capacidades e, consequentemente, discutir a seu respeito sem abordar, também, suas práticas de territorialidade, suas formulações acerca de seus corpos-espíritos, assim como a importância que atribuem às relações entre parentes. Em suma, pretende-se demonstrar, articulando temáticas tão variadas, que para as famílias tupi guarani viver junto aos parentes, em uma terra boa, é o que as fortalece, e possibilita que tenham bons sonhos, ocasiões nas quais recebem saberes e poderes das divindades. / This dissertation is the result of research carried out among tupi guarani families, which make up the village Ywy Pyhaú, and live in Barão de Antonina city, southwest of São Paulo state. This is an ethnography that has the intention of approaching the multiple dimensions of the person\'s movement, including dreams (xeke rupi); a theme that guided this doctoral research and the writing of this thesis. In addition to dreams presenting themselves as possibilities of relations among the different types of people who inhabit the various Tupi Guarani worlds, it is through them that people receive their mborei (song-prayer), as well as counseling and divine messages and Nhanderu´s revelations that can both interfere in their daily lives and in their personal decisions, and major events, such as changes in the locations of their villages. This shows that what they experience during sleep, affects their waking life. However, because the dream is one of the dimensions of a person\'s movement there is no way of dissociating them from many other capacities. This, in turn, gives rise to the discussion of the territorial practices of the tupi guarani families, their formulations about the body-spirits and the importance they attach to relations among relatives. In short, by articulating these different themes, this ethnography intends to demonstrate, that living with relatives in a good land, is what strengthens the Tupi Guarani and enables them to have good dreams, those by which they can receive knowledge and power from the divinities.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This text sets Dissertation on the systematization of an ethnography conducted with an indigenous Guarani Mbyá camp in Santa Maria. The research falls in the fields of Anthropology of Education, Indian Ethnology and Anthropology of the Child, to understand how the Guarani population was related to attempts to build proposals for school education for their children. To that end, I propose a theoretical approach carried out through the field concept, worked out by Bourdieu (1989) in order to join these initiatives in the construction of a field of Indigenous Education, with which the Mbyá-Guarani were talking. Thus, the research aims to show the different universes of meaning present in this context, discussing the concepts of education and children about space camp. Likewise, seeks to understand the goals Guarani around educational processes, and the negotiations that established the community with the non-Indians. In this sense, working with ethnographic data, produced in the interaction of Mbyá with those guys, with an interview with the General Coordination of Indigenous Education (SECAD / MEC), and life experiences in a project of assistance to the Municipal Education Santa Maria, in the context of planning for indigenous education. Likewise, I seek, through studies in history and anthropology to reflect on the conceptions of education and indigenization that have existed since the colonial period, when there is this process of schooling in Brazil. From these reflections, I have created some considerations about the concepts that guide the actions indigenous in Santa Maria. Finally, I elaborate a few thoughts about the universes of meaning for adults and children Mbyá Guarani-school education in tone and relationship with the proposals from that field. / Este texto de Dissertação configura-se na sistematização de uma etnografia realizada junto a um acampamento indígena Guarani Mbyá, em Santa Maria. A pesquisa inscreve-se, nos âmbitos da Antropologia da Educação, da Etnologia indígena e da Antropologia da Criança, objetivando compreender de que forma a população Guarani se relacionou com tentativas de se construir propostas de educação escolar para suas crianças. Para tanto, proponho um recorte teórico realizado através do conceito de campo, trabalhado por Bourdieu (1989), a fim de unir essas iniciativas na construção de um Campo da Educação Escolar Indígena, com o qual os Mbyá-Guarani estiveram dialogando. Assim, a pesquisa procura mostrar os diferentes universos de significação presentes nesse contexto, discutindo as concepções de educação e de infância acerca do espaço do acampamento. Da mesma forma, busca compreender os objetivos Guarani em torno de processos educacionais, bem como as negociações que a comunidade estabeleceu com os agentes não-índios. Nesse sentido, trabalho com dados etnográficos, produzidos na interação dos Mbyá com esses sujeitos; com uma entrevista realizada com a Coordenação Geral de Educação Escolar Indígena (SECAD/MEC); e com experiências vivenciadas em um projeto de assessoria à Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Santa Maria, no âmbito do planejamento da educação escolar indígena. Da mesma forma, busco, através de estudos na área da história e da antropologia, refletir sobre as concepções de educação e indigenismo que se fizeram presentes desde o período colonial, quando surge esse processo de escolarização no Brasil. A partir dessas reflexões, elaboro algumas considerações acerca das concepções que orientam a atuação indigenista em Santa Maria. E por fim, elaboro algumas reflexões acerca dos universos de significação de adultos e crianças Mbyá-Guarani em tono da educação escolar e da relação com as propostas oriundas daquele Campo.

Aim: This study aims to explore the knowledge hiding phenomenon among project teammembers in the consulting industry. This study investigated why, when, how and what type ofknowledge team members hide.Methodology: This research applied a qualitative research with inductive approach. Semistructuredinterviews with eleven participants from EY in Kazakhstan were conducted.Secondary data was obtained from existing scientific articles and books.Findings: Findings of the study provided that (i) variables affecting knowledge hiding atindividual level also influence at team level; (ii) the technological and organizational barriershad a minor influence on knowledge hiding at team level; (ii) tacit/explicit and key/commonknowledge are subject to hiding among team members; (iv) three additional variables arediscovered at team level, i.e. laziness, fear of being seen silly and self-study. Theoretical contributions: This study contributes to the counterproductive knowledgebehaviour by exploring patterns of knowledge hiding among team members. Additionalknowledge sharing barriers of why and when team members hide knowledge were found. Teammembers hide knowledge when they feel ownership over knowledge and territoriality servesas a mediating tool. Nevertheless, collective knowledge psychological ownership weakensknowledge hiding, because team’s success is more important than individual’s goals.Managerial implications: Organizations are encouraged to nurture team environment, becauseteam members might feel that they are obliged to share their knowledge. Also, managementshould consider to lower territoriality perspectives (e.g. by team buildings, etc.). Limitations and future research: Future research should increase the number of respondentsfrom different companies, industries and geographical areas. To validate the three newly foundknowledge hiding variables at team level, they can be tested at individual level. On top of thatfuture research can focus on the effects of interpersonal injustice on knowledge hiding on eachmember, motivational process on knowledge concealing/sharing and cross-cultural differencesof how knowledge concealing is interpreted can be researched.

Associée à beaucoup de clichés, d’idéalisation et de nostalgie, l’école rurale constitue un objet de recherche renouvelé depuis les années 1980, tant au niveau national qu’international. Les petites écoles rurales françaises, espagnoles, chiliennes et uruguayennes (écoles à classe unique ou à deux classes) présentent des points communs en termes d’organisation (structure multi-cours) et d’implication des acteurs locaux (en particulier des parents) dans leur fonctionnement. L’immersion des enseignants dans le territoire rural à travers l’activité professionnelle, la confrontation à la structure multi-cours, à la culture locale, aux traditions de l’école rurale bouleversent leur identité professionnelle en mettant souvent à mal leur système capacitaire (Costalat-Founeau, 1997). L’étude réalisée grâce à une méthodologie qualitative auprès de 43 enseignants, montre que les enseignants mettent alors en œuvre de nombreuses actions professionnelles et personnelles en direction du territoire, avec le territoire, à la recherche d’une validation sociale par celui-ci. Ces actions visent également à un apprentissage du territoire en réponse à l’expression d’une curiosité cognitive. Le déséquilibre du système capacitaire, le manque de validation sociale peut conduire les enseignants à une forme de repli sur soi en fermant la porte au territoire. En retrouvant un équilibre du système capacitaire, ils modifient alors leur représentation du métier, leur rapport au savoir, leur rapport à l’autorité, leur rapport à l’institution, leurs pratiques pédagogiques et donc l’ensemble de leur développement professionnel. Ils construisent progressivement une identité professionnelle et une proposition éducative territorialisées. Celle-ci s’exprime parfois par un conformisme important à la demande sociale, mais souvent par l’intégration des problématiques locales dans leur proposition éducative. / Rural schools, associated with many idealized images and nostalgia, have constituted a renewed subject of research since the 1980s, at both the national and international levels. Small rural schools (schools with one or two classes) in France, Spain, Chile and Uruguay have points in common in terms of their organization (multi-year) and the implication of local participants. The immersion of teachers in the rural territory through their professional activity, and their confrontation with a multi-year structure, local culture and the traditions of the rural school tend to upset their professional identity and often damage their “capacity system”(Costalat-Founeau, 1997). This study – undertaken with 43 teachers using qualitative methodology – shows that, as a result, teachers engage in numerous professional and personal activities both directed at the territory and with the territory, on a quest of social validation by the latter. These activities are also intended to quench the teachers’ intellectual curiosity by enabling them to learn about the territory. An imbalance in the “capacity system” and a lack of social validation can lead teachers to turn in on themselves by shutting out the territory. By re-balancing their capacity system, they modify their representation of their own profession; their connection with knowledge, authority and the institution; their educational practices; and thus their whole professional development. They gradually construct a territorialized professional identity and educational offer. This sometimes finds expression in conformity with social expectations, but more often in an integration of local issues into the educational offer.

This research is about territory, mining conflicts and social movements in South East Ecuador. The Andean country with no large scale mining history is experiencing a recent expansion of large scale mining with growing levels of social conflict. Social movements have been questioning and contesting the forms being taken by the extractive economy as well as proposing an alternative pathway to development through the indigenous concept of sumak kawsay. The Socialist Government is pushing the nation’s extractive model forward to include large scale mining, motivated by the much needed revenues to diversify Ecuador’s oil based economy. El Pangui, my field site, is located on the foothills of the Cordillera del Cóndor, where a large copper deposit is proposed to be developed by a Chinese mining corporation. The Cordillera is an area of great biological diversity and home to the traditional territories of the Shuar, one of the largest indigenous ethnic groups in Ecuador. The years of colonization of ancestral lands and of border war with Peru, the establishment of parks-for-peace, small scale gold mining activity and an expanding agricultural frontier, together have formed a complex territorial mosaic that contribute in shaping the social and physical landscapes. Since 2005 a mining conflict has been unfolding and that can be considered yet another layer of territorial disputes and symbolic contestation in the regions´ history. My fieldwork was carried out from an engaged research and activist scholarship position. I used an ethnographic methodology to explore the bidirectional influences of territorial dynamics and the anti-mining struggle by looking at multi scalar impacts these have on people’s daily life, corporate social responsibility and environmental development debates. I also looked at the ways in which memories and meanings associated with past conflicts resonate in subsequent resource struggles to form a layering of conflicts. I was particularly interested in the less visible dimensions of environmental mobilisation embedded in the routines of daily life, as well as in the ways in which the memory and history of territorialisation and settlement influence social movement organizing. Theoretically, I propose a territorial approach to studying natural resource struggles and social movements that contest mining. This concept allowed me to examine the effects of the extractive projects on pre-existing territorial dynamics and the influence of these dynamics on the ways in which mining investments are contested.

Orientador: Maria Tereza Duarte Paes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T04:57:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camargo_CezarPardoMeoPompeode_M.pdf: 17654060 bytes, checksum: 32f5006ec155d0135ab5d8983dfa3a24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Essa pesquisa é norteada pela hipótese de que as territorialidades caiçaras foram substantivamente transformadas devido ao seu contato com uma racionalidade moderna proveniente dos meios urbanos. Os caiçaras da Vila Oratório, Praia do Sono, Ponta Negra e Martim de Sá, no município de Paraty, RJ, conformavam territorialidades segundo uma racionalidade própria, correspondentes ao tempo de antigamente, e a implementação da Rodovia Rio Santos, aqui considerada como um evento, viabilizou o contato dessas populações tradicionais com o homem moderno, alterando a geografia nos fragmentos de território utilizados por essas populações. Dessa maneira, foi possível compreender as particularidades de cada uma dessas localidades, compreendendo os distintos interesses dos sujeitos sociais envolvidos nesse processo, para então serem propostas iniciativas que venham a considerar as atuais reivindicações dos caiçaras / Abstract: This research is guided by the hypothesis that caiçaras territorialities were substantially transformed due to its contact with modern rationality from urban areas. The caiçara people from Vila Oratório, Praia do Sono, Ponta Negra and Martim de Sá, in the municipality of Paraty-RJ, conformed territorialities by its own rationality, corresponding to the old times, and the Rio-Santos Highway, considered here as a major event, enabled contact of this traditional populations with modern man, changing the geography of this piece of land habitated by this population. Thus, it was possible to understand the particularities of each one of these locations, including the different interests of social subjects involved in this process, and then propose initiatives that will consider the current demands of caiçara population / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia