Orientador: Elaine Cristina Catapani Poletti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Tecnologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T15:55:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aguado_AlexandreGarcia_M.pdf: 4327613 bytes, checksum: fee5c1f64858971fddc0117b9f1f2e88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A presente pesquisa analisa as contribuições que o Movimento do Software Livre pode trazer à formação de redes de colaboração na educação. Um modelo de rede de colaboração foi criado a partir de um estudo piloto considerando a dinâmica de colaboração existente nas comunidades de software livre, aspectos relevantes na busca de uma educação dialógica e as possibilidades geradas pelas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) implementadas através de softwares livres. Esse modelo foi aplicado em um curso de capacitação de professores cujo tema foi O Moodle como apoio ao ensino presencial, o qual criou um ambiente adequado para a pesquisa em questão além de promover reflexões coletivas acerca de Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizem, TIC na Educação e a busca de um processo de educação dialógica. Considerando que fatores como comportamento, reações e opiniões são altamente relevantes no contexto citado, no que tange à metodologia adotada, esta enquadra-se como pesquisa qualitativa. Os resultados alcançados revelam uma série de contribuições que este modelo de rede de colaboração tende a oferecer para a área da educação, em especial, a necessidade do processo dialógico ser construído a partir da auto-reflexão que leva a tomada de consciência e uma vez socializada fortalece o grupo na construção de conhecimento. As conclusões também apontam para uma breve análise sobre as diferentes características das TIC adotadas, tais como chat, videoconferência, wiki, fórum e em especial o Moodle, como ferramenta a proporcionar a centralização dessas TIC em um único ambiente, favorecendo a organização do grupo / Abstract: This research analyzes the contributions that the Free Software Movement can bring to the formation of collaborative networks in education. A collaborative network model was created from a pilot study considering the collaborative dynamic in the free software communities, important aspects in a dialogical education and opportunities generated by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) implemented through free software. This model was applied in a course for teachers whose theme was "How could Moodle support classroom teaching", which allowed a suitable environment to this research and promoted collective reflections about Course Management Systems, the use of ICTs in Education and the need for a dialogical education approach. Considering that factors such as behavior, reactions and opinions are highly relevant in this research context, regarding the methodology, this fit as a qualitative research. The results achieved through the research, pointed to a series of contributions that this model of collaborative network tends to offer to the educational area, in particular, the finding that a dialogical process is achieved from a self-reflection process that leads to awareness and when socialized strengthens the group to build knowledge. The findings also pointed to a brief analysis about the different characteristics of ICT adopted, such as chat, video conferencing, wiki, forum and especially Moodle as a tool to provide the centralization of ICT in a single environment, facilitating the organization of the group / Mestrado / Tecnologia e Inovação / Mestre em Tecnologia

[pt] Esta pesquisa procurou responder ao seguinte problema: Que fatores os executivos devem levar em conta nas suas decisões relativas à avaliação das implicações estratégicas pertinentes à virtualização das alianças e redes de relacionamento estabelecidas entre as empresas e seus parceiros de negócio? Como o fenômeno estava em formação no ambiente empresarial a pesquisa foi necessariamente exploratória. A metodologia aplicada foi pós-positivista, utilizando-se simultaneamente dos métodos hipotético- dedutivo e indutivo. A partir do referencial teórico estudado, desenvolveu-se um arcabouço de trabalho contendo os aspectos relativos à virtualização dos relacionamentos com parceiros de negócio, a saber, os direcionadores e atributos da virtualidade, e a tipologia de redes estratégicas virtuais - REVs. Este arcabouço foi aplicado previamente em dois estudos de caso pilotos nas empresas Neoris e GM-Fiat WWP e, após os ajustes nos instrumentos de coleta, em três outros estudos de caso: Construtora Norberto Odebrecht, Telemar e AmBev. Nas etapas subseqüentes da pesquisa, múltiplos métodos foram adotados para a captura de dados: investigação documental e telematizada, levantamento das percepções (survey) com os diretores das diferentes empresas. Os resultados obtidos por meio dos estudos de caso evidenciaram que, de fato, o arcabouço teórico proposto na pesquisa tinha o potencial de contribuir ao fornecimento de subsídios para a tomada de decisão estratégica de empresas que integram redes de relacionamentos, ao ajudá-las, não só a identificar, mas principalmente a influenciar as condições que permitam estabelecer uma participação mais efetiva nos diferentes tipos de REVs possíveis. / [en] The research portrayed in this Doctoral Dissertation was designed to search an answer for the following problem: What factors and dimensions should the executives take into consideration on their decisions regarding the strategic implications related to the virtualization of strategic alliances and networks? Since the study`s object of analysis was a new phenomenon in the business environment that does not yet have an accepted theoretical tradition in the academic world, the research was, necessarily, an exploratory one. The methodology applied was post-positivist, using simultaneously the hypotheticdeductive and inductive methods. Based on the literature investigated, a working framework was developed containing the aspects regarding the virtualization of the relationships with business partners: the virtualization drivers and attributes, and a typology of virtual strategic networks (VSNs). This framework was previously tested in two pilot cases studies: Neoris and GM- Fiat WWP. After the necessary adjustments on the data collections instruments, the framework was applied on the other three research case studies: Construtora Norberto Odebrecht, Telemar e AmBev. On the subsequent research steps, multiple methods were adopted for the data collection. The results obtained by way of the case studies showed that, indeed, the working framework had the potential to contribute with subsidies for the strategic decisions involved, not only in the identification, but mainly in the creation of conditions that influence a more effective participation of firms on the different types of VSNs.

This study researches phenomenon of the Biology Teachers Network (BTN), a distributed Community of Practice (CoP). The membership of the BTN is voluntary. The BTN is supported by a core group of members and administered by single moderator. The network uses a manually operated email system to communicate and share information as an automatic listserv proved to be beyond the capabilities of the membership. Etienne Wenger is the authority on the theory of CoPs and provides in depth background to the processes that are evident in a CoP. A CoP consists of the Domain, Practice and Community and through a process of negotiation of meaning, learning takes place through identity formation. CoPs can exist online in the form of distribute CoPs. Passionate leadership is essential for the formation of a CoP as is the voluntary participation of the members. A Naturalistic case study methodology is considered to be the most appropriate research tool. In this study a focus group interview and a collection of emails were used as data sources. The data was analysed using three instruments derived from the literature. The conclusion from the analysis of the data was that the BTN is a vibrant and fully functional distributed CoP in the coalescing stage. Participation in the BTN has led to an increase in professional development and ICT skills amongst some of the member teachers. The fact that this was achieved through the use of email instead of sophisticated websites suggests that this model of distributed CoP is suitable for the professional development of teachers in South Africa. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse concernent la modélisation des aspectssocioculturels et temporels pour permettre aux communautés sénégalaises departager et de co-construire leur connaissances socioculturelles. En effet, avecla mondialisation la nouvelle génération sénégalaise a de moins en moins deconnaissances sur son environnement socioculturel. Ainsi, nous avons initié lamise en place d'une application en ligne pour permettre à nos concitoyens departager et de co-construire leur patrimoine socioculturel.Nos propositions s'appuient sur les technologies du Web social et du Websémantique. En effet, le Web social propose un cadre à tout utilisateur pourparticiper à la création de contenu. Le Web sémantique rend accessible lesressources aux agents logiciels pour une meilleure recherche et partaged'informations. La combinaison de ces deux technologies permet auxcommunautés sénégalaises de partager et de co-construire leur patrimoineculturel dans un cadre collaboratif et sémantique.Nos contributions consistent à (i) proposer des ontologies pour annoter desressources socioculturelles et (ii) proposer un cadre collaboratif auxcommunautés sénégalaises. Les ontologies représentent le socle du Websémantique et permettent de caractériser un domaine. Ainsi, nous avonsdéfini : 1) une ontologie socioculturelle reposant sur la théorie historicoculturellede l'activité et 2) une ontologie temporelle. Nous avons égalementdéfini les communautés de co-élaboration de connaissances culturelles etproposé un prototype qui intègre les différentes contributions / Temporal aspects to allow Senegalese communities to share and to co-constructtheir sociocultural knowledge. Indeed, with the globalization it is very commonto meet Senegalese youth knowing more about the geography of the West thanits own country. Thus, to refresh the memory of our fellow citizens, we initiatedthe establishment of an online application that allows them to share and coconstructtheir cultural heritage.Our proposals are based on social and semantic web technologies. indeed,social web proposes a framework where value is created by the aggregation ofmany individual user contributions. The semantic web enables to find, tocombine and to share resources, not only between humans but also betweenmachines. The combination of these two technologies enables Senegalesecommunities to share and co-construct their cultural heritage in a collaborativeand semantic framework.Our contributions include to (i) propose ontologies to annotate socioculturalresources and (ii) provide a collaborative framework to Senegalesecommunities. Ontologies are backbone of the semantic web and allow tocharacterize a domain. Thus, we defined two ontologies : 1) a socioculturalontology based on cultural-historical activity theory and 2) a temporal ontologyto annotate temporally sociocultural resources. We also defined a virtualcommunity called cultural knowledge-building community and proposed aprototype that integrates our contributions

Cette recherche s’intéresse aux mouvements de contestation à l’égard du système marchand et de ses dispositifs, ayant pour mobile les préoccupations sociales et environnementales. Ce travail vise à rendre compte de l’existence du phénomène de la résistance socialement responsable (RSR) à la consommation et de son intérêt, compte tenu de sa singularité et des enjeux managériaux qu’il implique. A travers une approche netnographique non participante mobilisant une méthode interprétativiste d’analyse des données, la recherche repose sur l’étude de trois communautés distinctes et représentatives du phénomène étudié, débouchant sur deux résultats majeurs. D’une part, la recherche aboutit à l’élaboration d’une conceptualisation compréhensive du phénomène, explicitant les facteurs déclencheurs, les caractéristiques, ainsi que le répertoire des manifestations de la RSR. D’une autre part, le travail de recherche met en exergue les perspectives d’évolution et de réforme des pratiques, méthodes et stratégies du marketing. / This research focuses on protest movements towards market system and its devices, having for main motive the social and environmental concerns. This work aims at underlining the existence of the socially responsible resistance (SRR) and therefore its interest, considering its uniqueness and the managerial challenges that it implies. Through an observational netnography approach using an interpretativist method for data analysis, the research is based on a study of three virtual different communities’representative of the investigated phenomenon and leads to two major results. On the first hand, the research end in an understanding conceptualization of the phenomenon, stressing its initiator factors, caracteristics, but also the SRR wide range of expression forms. On the other hand, this work emphasizes evolution and reform perspectives of marketing practices, methods and strategies.

Les communautés virtuelles sont des systèmes sociotechniques dans lesquels des entités (humaines et/ou artificielles) répartis à travers le monde se réunissent autour d’intérêts et/ou d’objectifs communs. Afin de réaliser ces objectifs, les membres de la communauté doivent collaborer en partageant leurs ressources et/ou connaissances. Or, toute collaboration comporte une part de risque dans la mesure où les membres peuvent se comporter de manière non coopérative ou malveillante. Dans de tels contextes, où les mécanismes de sécurité standard ne suffissent plus, la confiance est rapidement devenue un facteur déterminant lors de la prise de décision. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse s’attaque à la problématique de la gestion de la confiance dans les communautés virtuelles ouvertes et décentralisées. Pour cela, nous avons proposé une infrastructure de gestion de la confiance adaptative et conforme socialement (ASC-TMS). L’aspect novateur de ce système réside dans sa faculté à exhiber des propriétés sociales et adaptatives. L’aspect social du ASC-TMS fait référence à la capacité de notre système à prendre des décisions qui soient sûres non seulement pour l’individu mais également et surtout pour les autres membres de la communauté. Par ailleurs, l’aspect adaptatif du système fait référence à la capacité du système à prendre des décisions qui soient en parfaite adéquation avec l’environnement dans lequel ces décisions sont prises. Ainsi, cette thèse constitue une nouvelle étape vers l’automatisation de l’évaluation de la confiance en assistant les membres des communautés virtuelles ouvertes et décentralisées dans leur prise de décision. Le système a été implémenté et déployé en utilisant la plateforme de développement multi-agent JaCaMo. Nous avons également illustré l’applicabilité de notre approche sur un scénario réel de communauté virtuelle d’innovation ouverte. Enfin, nous avons évalué notre système expérimentalement en utilisant la plateforme de simulation multi-agent Repast. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l’utilisation de notre système avait un impact positif sur la dynamique des communautés dans lesquels il est a été utilisé. / Virtual communities (VCs) are socio-technical systems wherein distributed individuals (human and/or artificial) are grouped together around common objectives and goals. In such systems, participants are massively collaborating with each other’s by sharing their private resources and knowledge. A collaboration always bears the risk that one partner exhibits uncooperative or malicious behaviour. Thus, trust is a critical issue for the success of such systems. The work presented in this dissertation addresses the problem of trust management in open and decentralised virtual communities (VCs). To address this problem, we proposed an Adaptive and Socially-Compliant Trust Management System (ASC-TMS). The novelty of ASC-TMS lies in its ability to exhibit social-awareness and context-awareness features. Social-awareness refers to the ability of the trust management system (TMS) to handle the social nature of VCs by making trust evaluations that are collectively harmful, while context-awareness refers to the ability of the system to handle the dynamic nature of VCs by making trust evaluations that are always in adequacy with the context in which these evaluations are undertaken. Thus, the contributions made in this thesis constitute an additional step towards the automation of trust assessment. We provided accordingly a novel trust management system that assists members of open and decentralised virtual communities in their trust decisions. The system has been implemented and deployed using the JaCaMo multi-agent platform. We illustrated also the applicability of on a real life open innovation virtual community scenario. Finally, the ASC-TMS has been experimentally evaluated using the multi-agent based Repast simulation platform. The preliminary results show that the use of our system significantly improves the stability of the virtual communities in which it has been deployed.

Los creadores de contenido de tecnología son usuarios que comparten contenido con cierto grado de producción y en muchos casos cuentan con experiencia en el tema que tocan en sus videos, ya sea hardware, software o servicios. Durante la pandemia Covid-19 los usuarios no podían acceder de manera física a los productos y menos conocer la experiencia de los servicios, no obstante, los canales de tecnología han sido muy buena fuente para conocer un smartphone, una laptop o cómo va el servicio de determinado proveedor de internet. Por ese motivo, en esta investigación se analizó el comportamiento de las comunidades de Perusmart y Jesús Veliz, también se busca conocer el nivel de credibilidad de ambos canales durante el estado de emergencia que atravesó Perú y el mundo. / Technology content creators are users who share content with a certain degree of production and in many cases have experience in the subject they touch on in their videos, be it hardware, software or services. During the Covid-19 pandemic, users could not physically access the products and even less know the experience of the services, however, the technology channels have been a very good source to know a smartphone, a laptop or how the service is going from a certain internet provider. For this reason, in this research I analyze the behavior of the Perusmart and Jesús Veliz communities, it also seeks to know the level of credibility of both channels during the state of emergency that Peru and the world went through. / Trabajo de investigación

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Eine virtuelle Gemeinschaft (VG) versteht sich primär als Medium zur Begegnung zwischen Individuen. Mit der Ausnahme von künstlichen Agenten, insbesondere derer mit adversarialen Problemstellungen im unbekannten Zustandsraum, sind diese Individuen zumeist menschlicher Natur. So versteht es sich, in diesen Bereich mit menschlichen Maßstäben zu messen.

Die Internettechnologie schafft neue Möglichkeiten menschlicher Zusammenarbeit. Auf der Basis räumlich und zeitlich verteilter Kommunikationsprozesse können virtuelle Gemeinschaften gebildet werden, die nicht nur im Hinblick auf die Transaktionskosten, sondern auch im Hinblick auf die Ausdehnung und Flexibilität des Verbunds viel versprechende Potenziale einer Internetökonomie bieten. Mit der Virtualisierung geht jedoch der Verlust des „natürlichen“ Kontextes zwischen den kooperierenden Menschen verloren, der aber für den Erfolg von Kooperationen entscheidend ist. Informationssysteme für virtuelle Gemeinschaften haben daher Techniken bereitzustellen, mit denen gewisse Formen eines Kontextes (re-) konstruiert werden können.