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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

無心F分配之研究

潘傳俊, Pan, Zhuan-Zun Unknown Date (has links)
本論文主要針對無心F 分配 (Noneentral F Distribution)之基本理論、特性詳加探 討, 並對其應用作進一步之研究。 第一章為緒論。 第二章, 無心F 分配之基本理論, 由均數不為零的常態分配導出無心卡方分配, 進而 藉由無心卡方分配導出無心F 分配, 並探討無心F 分配的各種性質。 第三章, 無心F 分配之推廣, 導出雙重無心F 分配 (Doubly Noncentral F Distribu -tion), 進而討論雙重無心F 分配之各種性質及其在交互作用檢定上檢力之應用。 第四章, 無心F 分配在檢力上之應用, 首先由均數檢定導出Hotelling's T2統計量 , 並證其在對立假設為真下, 服從無心F 分配, 其次則討論由均數差之檢定及變異數分 析時, 導出Hotelling's T2統計量, 最後根據無心F 分配之性質, 即檢力為自由度及 離心參數( Noncentrality Paramenter )之函數, 導出檢定變量增加、檢力是否增加 之檢定統計量為一無心F 分配。 第五章, 無心F 分配在求樣本數上之應用, 討論在各種統計假設下, 為達到某一程度 之檢力, 所需之最小樣本數為何。 第六章為結論。
42

論我國電視播送產業之『影片及節目播映權利』價值評價-以A公司個案為例

呂建安 Unknown Date (has links)
隨著經濟知識時代的來臨,我國的產業結構亦正面臨從傳統製造導向,轉為知識、服務導向的重大轉型期,企業創造財富的關鍵已從原本的土地、設備轉變朝向智慧資產的階段發展,企業的資產逐漸強調專利、品牌、顧客關係、服務等知識工作者的知識投資。隨著無形資產對於企業價值影響程度的擴大,以往用來量企業資本結構或價值的傳統方法已經不足以衡量,促使無形資產價值的評估在組織營運成果的衡量中扮演舉足輕重的角色。 自2002年開始,國內積極推動數位內容產業,在國內產業推波助瀾下,國內數家知名電視公司,以其主要營運資產-影片及節目播映權利,向金融機構爭取數十億元之融資。這些融資的取得,除顯示國內金融機構對於已往重視的無形資產,已逐漸的轉向各種可能具有價值的資產,當然也包含各種可以創造收益的無形資產,因此,如何為這些內容資產訂價,以作為交易合作的參考,即成國內媒體產業重要的課題。有鑑於國內對於媒體產業無形資產的研究較為不足,為了深入了探討我國電視產業其心無形資產價值,故本研究以國內知名電視集團所擁有之影片及節目播映權為標的內容,根據財務會計準則公報第35號「資產減損之會計處理準則」之規範實際進行個案公司該影片及節目之使用價值的評價及探討,同時對於本研究所選用之相關數據,包括:財務預測、現金流量、折現率、β值、加權平均資金成本、影片輪動率之決策做一整體之討論,藉以豐富該領域的研究內容。 隨著時代進步,財務工具多元化,各種資產交易型態推陳出新。無形資產之投資、買賣、授權、合作及融資抵押等交易日漸增加,有效衡量無形資產公平價值,以作為各種交易訂價之參考,因此為有效及合理評估各項無形資產之公平價值,即成為目前重要的課題,而有效及合理的評價端賴健全的無形資產評價制度完備及長時間實務經驗的累積與印證,本研究建議國內會計準則針對無形資產的認定應該有更明確更容易依循的標準及健全的制度與國際接軌,以此提供相似無形資產評價價值的合理性分析。
43

桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園環境之研究 / The study of barrier-free school environments in Junior high school of Taoyuan Conty

黃朝旭 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的主要目的在了解桃園縣國民中學學校人員對無障礙校園環境的認知,並探討桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園設施的運用、設計與問題,並提出具體的改善建議,做為行政主管機關及學校的參考。 為達上述目的,本研究採文獻探討、問卷調查及實地觀察訪談等三種研究方法。首先透過文獻分析,探討無障礙環境的基本理念與法令、規章的發展狀況,及桃園縣無障礙環境的執行過程;其次,以文獻探討的結果,編製「桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園環境調查問卷」,進行問卷調查研究,並輔以實地觀察訪談,以了解學校人員對無障礙環境的認知,及桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園設施的運用、設計與問題。 本研究的調查對象為桃園縣公立國民中學校長、總務主任、組長、未兼任行政職務之教師、家長會長(或代表)共55校,發出問卷275份,總計收回51所學校247份問卷,回收率89.9%,有效問卷242份,並以SPSS 10.0 For Windows軟體進行問卷之統計分析;實地觀察訪的對象,依學校規模分大、中、小型(48班以上為大校、47班至30班為中校、29班以下為小校)三組。每組再依建校歷史,以民國79年「殘障福利法」修正公佈為準,分新舊兩組,各抽取一所學校,以該校總務主任為訪談之對象,並以該校為實地觀察之地點,共6人。 根據文獻探討、問卷調查及實地觀察訪談的結果,獲得以下結論: 一、 桃園縣國民中學的學校人員重視無障礙校園環境,且以校長與女性學校人員最重視。 二、 桃園縣國民中學無障礙的使用與維護情形普遍良好。 三、 桃園縣國民中學規劃最好無障礙校園設施是「坡道及扶手」、「廁所、盥洗室」「升降梯(電梯)」。 四、 桃園縣國民中學最難規劃無障礙校園設施是「坡道及扶手」、「觀眾席(如視聽教室、活動中心、演藝廳)」「升降梯(電梯)」。 五、 桃園縣國民中學無障礙設施規劃設計上比較困難的因素有「受限於學校原有建築或空間,致不易改善」、「受限於經費,致無法整體規劃」及「缺乏專精無障礙環境規劃的建築師的協助」。 根據研究發現與結論,提出建議如下: 一、桃園縣國民中學無障礙校園環境應「整體規劃、分期完工」,且將具有無障礙環境知能專家學者或建築師納入學校營繕小組之內;辦理親師生校園無障礙環境多元活動,增進親師生對無障礙環境的認知。 二、桃園縣教育處應調查分項建置縣內各級學校無障礙設施基本資料一覽表,掌握每校無障礙設施的狀況;校園無障礙設施經費補助以新建或修繕「觀眾席(如視聽教室、活動中心、演藝廳)」、「升降梯(電梯)」等項為優先,「室外引導通路」次之;定期作學校無障礙設施訪視,並建立執行無障礙環境的績效評量制度。 三、未來研究建議如:藉由行動不便者實地使用,訪查校園無障礙設施使用時不足,才能更精準指出尚需改善的無障礙設施的項目;引進「通路」的概念,研究每校無障礙設施最少且最適合「無障礙通路」。 關鍵詞:國民中學;無障礙;無障礙校園環境 / The main purpose of this study was to provide an insight into the understanding of staffs in school of the barrier-free school environment and to investigate the implementation﹐design and problems related to the barrier-free campus facilities in junior high schools of Taoyuan County﹒ In addition﹐the researcher propose an applicable suggestions for the reference of both the authorities and schools. To achieve the above mentioned objectives﹐the researcher adopted the methods of literature analysis﹐questionnaires and field surveys in this study﹒First of all﹐through the methods of literature analysis﹐ the researcher explored the basic ideals﹐the development of rules and regulations and the process of implementation of the barrier-free school environment in Taoyuan County ﹒Secondly﹐based on the results from the literature analysis﹐the researcher designed a “Questionnaire on the Barrier-Free school Environment in Junior High Schools of Taoyuan County”conducted questionnaire surveys and field surveys to get an insight into the understanding of staffs in schools of the barrier- free school environment and the implementation,structure and problems related to the barrier-free campus facilities﹒ The research subjects of this study were principals,directors of general affairs,group leader,teachers﹐and president(or representatives)of parent committee in junior high school 0f Taoyuan County﹒the researcher sent out 275 questionnaires to 55 schools﹒A total of 247 questionnaires from 51 schools were retrieved﹒The response rate was 89.9%﹒SPSS 10.0 For Windows was employed to analyzed the 242 effective questionnaires;the subjects of field surveys were classified into three groups according to the size of school(schools of 48 classes or more are large schools﹐schools of 30-47 classes are medium schools﹐and schools of 29 classes or less are small schools )﹒in each group ﹐1990﹐the year in which the Welfare Law for the Handicapped and Disabled was revised﹐was set as the point of demarcation to divide these schools into subgroups;old schools and new schools﹒The researcher chose one school from each subgroup and interviewed the directors of general affairs from the chosen schools which were the sites for field surveys﹒A total of 6 people were interviewed for this study﹒ Based on literature analysis﹐ questionnaires and field surveys﹐the researcher reached the following conclusions: 1,The staffs of Junior high schools of Taoyuan County pay attention to the barrier- free school environment,especially principals and feaml staffs in schools pay more attention to the barrier- free school environment﹒ 2,The way in which barrier-free campus facilities are used is satisfactory;the maintenance of barrier-free campus facilitiesis too﹒ 3, The best planned barrier-free campus facilities are“ ramps and handrails”“bathrooms and lavatories”and “hoists(elevators)”﹒ 4,The greatest difficulty in planning barrier-free campus facilities is in “ramps and handrails” “audience(such as those in audio-visual classrooms﹐auditoriums and performance halls)”“hoists(elevators)”﹒ 5,Junior high school of Taoyuan County barrier-free campus facility plan design the quite difficult factor has “limited to the school original construction or the space, sends is not easy to improve”,“is restricted in the funds, sends is unable “architect's assistance which the corporate planning” and is“expert in the barrier-free school environmental project deficient”. Based on these findings﹐the researcher proposed the following suggestions:: 1,The barrier-free school environment in Junior high school of Taoyuan County should be“entire planning, finish by stage”,and“have the the experts or the architects excel in designing the barrier-free school environment in the group﹐By handling the diversified barrier-free school environmental activties”;promoting the teachers and students to the barrier-free school environment cognition by barrier-free school environment multi-dimensional activity﹒ 2,the Education Department of Taoyuan County Government should respectively set up the basic document data sheet of all levels of school barrier-free campus facility in Taoyuan County and grasps each school barrier-free campus facility conditions﹐What`s more﹐“audience(such as those in audio-visual classrooms﹐auditoriums and performance halls)” hoists(elevators)”should be gave priorities to put to use the barrier-free campus facility and next is “outdoor guidance circuit”;And it is necessity to surveys school barrier-free campus facility regularly and establish the barrier-free school environment achievements to comment the quantity system﹒ 3,the following for further studies:Facilities used on the spot by those who move with difficulty can point which barrier-free campus facilities need improvement more accurately when surveys the facilities ;introducing the concept of “route”can study the barrier-free campus facility of each school;the suggestion for example: Uses on the spot because of moving about with difficulty, inquires the barrier-free campus be least and most suitable“barrier-free route”﹒ Key word:junior high school;barrier-free;barrier-free school environment
44

ZigBee 無線感測網路應用程式介面設計與實作 / Design and implementation of a ZigBee sensor network application programming interface

陳文杰, Chen, Wen Chieh Unknown Date (has links)
ZigBee在無線網路技術中,乃屬較新之無線傳輸技術, 其特色為低電耗、可控制大量感測裝置、反應時間短、建置成本低廉等。其遵循IEEE802.15.4標準與ZigBee通訊協定標準,目前已有ZigBee Alliance制定相關標準與推動此技術,而控制晶片以德州儀器(TI)為主要制訂及生產供應商。ZigBee網路支援星狀、樹狀、網狀三種網路架構,其裝置角色有Coordinator、Router, End Device三種。目前主要應用有軍事為健康、環境、健康、家庭及商業等方面。應用上除了利用韌體方式實作裝置對裝置的控制,有些應用尚需借由應用程式才能達成。本論文主要強調利用API讓應用程式控制裝置取得感測資料更為容易,其亦可解決同時回報或監測所有裝置之問題。 目前整個API針對裝置晶片控制指令集定義成一類別,此部份可依不同晶片版本做類別庫切換。另外,定義如何與Serial Port溝通,以及傳輸指令或資料時是否符合ZigBee通訊協定要求之判斷。基於以上類別庫之定義,最後定義DeviceManager類別,當作管理裝置之物件,而該類別中,為讓開發者更容易操作,將各類感測讀取動作,封裝成方法(Method)定義之。 基於已定義完成之API,為讓開發者更了解ZigBee運作,列出主要七種運作流程, 並說明讀取感測資料之程式控制方式,以及如何擴充新類型感測裝置之方法(Method),而這些流程與控制方式透過整個網路管理軟體的實作更能體現之。 / ZigBee is a cutting-edge wireless transmission technology, characterized by consuming little power, controlling multiple sensor devices, reacting quickly, and needing low implementing costs, etc. This technology follows IEEE802.15.4 and ZigBee communications protocol. ZigBee-based sensors are widely used in many domains, such as military, natural environments, health, family, and business. Many existing applications of ZigBee use firmware controlling devices, but higher-level application programs are still required to realize some applications. This thesis focuses on how to use Application Programming Interface (API) for controlling devices to collect sensor data and how to solve the problems on reporting data and monitoring all the devices used. In particular, we define the DeviceManager class that controls the set of instructions of device chips and communicates with serial ports as well as determines whether transfer instructions and data by following the standard of ZigBee protocol. For developers' convenience, we further encapsulate different sensor-reading actions into method. Based on the above API definitions, we list seven implementation flows for developers to understand the implementation of ZigBee. This thesis also describes how to use programming control to read sensor data and how to expand new sensor devices. These flows and control methods can be easily achieved by network management software.
45

臺灣無線電視數位轉換與實施政策之探討-以美國和英國經驗為鑑 / Digital Terrestrial TV Switchover Policy in Taiwan: Lessons from the United States and the United Kingdom

黃燕蘭, Ng Yen Lan Unknown Date (has links)
無線電視的電波頻率具公共財特徵,在電視數位化扮演火車頭的角色,期許它將帶動和促進數位整體產業經濟發展。世界各國在無線電視數位轉換政策和發展均由政府主導並規劃強制性的時程與實施策略。電視數位轉換工程浩大,大部分國家在實際推動無線電視數位轉換之進程並不如預期順利,尤其數位無線電視電波訊號的涵蓋率和數位電視的普及率攸關民眾能否繼續收視和享受無線電視節目與服務,因此除了建置數位改善站和進行民眾宣導與教育之外,政府亦推出數位機上盒的補助措施,針對需要人士提供補助以維護民眾的收視權益,減輕數位轉換政策給民眾帶來的負擔與經濟壓力。 數位轉換後所釋出的無線電頻譜-數位紅利,若有效運用這些頻譜資源不但有助於增加國庫,更有潛在發展不同類型的資通訊服務,因此政府積極導引無線電視數位轉換的政策與發展方向以有利於電視產業在數位時代的的競爭優勢。臺灣推動數位轉換多年,終於於2012年6月30日,五家無線電視正式全面數位化。本研究主要以最早推出數位電視的美國和英國的無線電視數位轉換與實施政策之經驗為鑑,採用文獻分析和深度訪談之研究方法,分別探討分析美國、英國和臺灣無線電視數位轉換相關政策、實施措施和推行的作法,進而提出各國在相關政策所面對的考驗和對策,並提出可供臺灣借鑑之處。 類比訊號關閉在數位轉換只係一個過程,並不是終點。因此,政府在無線電視數位化後的後續相關發展政策和目標願景包括數位紅利和空白頻譜之使用應該更加以縝密研擬。依據臺灣無線電視數位轉換與實施政策之分析和評估,本研究針對臺灣未來在推動相關數位無線電視發展之政策提出建議包括:(一) 釐清第二梯次數位無線電視政策方向與目標、(二) 保護少數民族或弱勢族群收視權益和追尋媒體多元化與文化多樣化、 (三) 適時修法,迎合時下趨勢、 (四) 建議建構水平分工的產業結構、 以及 (五) 積極推動高畫質數位內容發展。 / Terrestrial television uses spectrum so it has the characteristics of the public good. Thus, terrestrial TV should play a leading role in the process of digital television switchover which thereby stimulated the development of national economy as a whole. The government was a key driver in DTT switchover through careful development policy to schedule analogue switch-off date and implementation strategy to meet the objectives. Without a doubt, this is a huge project evidenced by how the implementation process of the DTT switchover has not been smooth and successful as expected for most countries. Particularly in enhancing the reception of the DTV signal, where the transition requires that DTT transmission infrastructure to be built out to provide universal coverage. In addition, comprehensive public awareness and education campaign have been carried out. The government also has to provide digital set-top box equipment subsidies to meet the demand in order to maintain public good and reduce the burden brought about the DTT switchover policy. The digital dividend radio spectrum was released through the transition from analogue to digital by TV broadcasters. This digital dividend has potential benefits to increase the state treasury as a result of licensing. It will also foster the introduction and development of new communication services. Thus, the government wishes to see a DTT platform and competitive advantage continuity in this digital era. As in many countries, the Taiwan government’s aggressive promotion of its DTT switchover policy had succeeded the migration and fully digitized the five terrestrial broadcasters on June 30, 2012. This paper mainly studies the DTT switchover policy in Taiwan and the lessons learned from the United States and the United Kingdom. Literature analysis and in-depth interview were conducted as the research methodologies. Analogue switch-off was one of the digital switchover processes, but it is not the end. Thus, in the next section in developing the perspective policy of DTT objective of the use of digital dividend spectrum and white spaces need to be more meticulous. As mentioned above, based on the DTT switchover and implementation policy, analysis for the future DTT development, the study recommends: (1) The 2nd stage of DTT’s license allocation should be necessary to clarify expectations related to policy objectives, and resolve statutes that conflict with limitations. (2) Protection the public good of national ethnic minority and underprivileged groups, with the pursuit of media pluralism and cultural diversity. (3) Amendments and reviews the law, regulations, standards and practices in a timely manner to adapt to changes in trends for future promotion of policies related to DTT development. (4) To build a vertically integrated DTT industry structure. (5) To actively promote HDTV content development.
46

無證兒童少年身分取得與權益保障-以無證移工在臺所生子女為例

李孟珊 Unknown Date (has links)
隨著入臺工作的移工人數逐年增加,逃逸隱匿、逾期居留的無證移工在臺生育子女的現象屢見不鮮,這些兒童、少年的國籍與身分認定,連繫於父或母的國籍身分與婚姻狀況,或因父母其中一人行方不明導致身分確認困難,從而產生各種錯綜複雜的身分態樣。身分未定的空窗期導致在臺生活的無證兒童、少年(以下簡稱無證兒少)面臨權益空白的困境。 本研究從國籍制度、移民政策與出生通報機制開始探討,針對無證移工在臺所生子女,以「生父為國人,生母為外國籍」、「生父不詳,生母為外國籍行方不明」、「隨外國籍父母在臺隱匿者」三種態樣,分別描述無證兒少身分取得及現況處遇方式;在權益保障方面,以姓名權與身分國籍權、教育權與健康權等相關法制為出發點,評述兒少權益之取得,仍受限於身分認定與基本權益無法脫鉤的規範中。此外,在婚生推定制度的架構下,國人生父認領無證兒少的程序,須由外國籍無證移工生母提具原屬國開立且經駐外館處驗證之婚姻狀況證明方得辦理,惟提證困難導致認領流程延宕,因此,本研究亦分析婚生推定制度對於無證兒少身分取得的影響。 透過文獻分析與深度訪談的方式,深入探究無證兒少面臨的脆弱處境,他們可能遭遺棄、被販賣、或跟著父母在臺四處逃逸、躲藏,成為社會底層的黑戶。本研究嘗試以「兒童、少年」的觀點,以及兒童權利公約規範的最佳利益為前提,就無證兒少的國籍身分與權益困境,提出短期與中長期建議,更期待藉由本研究,讓這些與我們生活在同一片土地的無證兒少受到更多關懷與重視。
47

出口型傳統產業之無風險獲利財務策略 / The risk-free profitable financial strategy for the traditional export-oriented industry

曹芳瑜, Chao, Fang Yu Unknown Date (has links)
自2007年–2008年全球金融危機爆發後,投資者開始對抵押證券的價值信心崩潰,產生流動性危機,即使多國中央銀行運用各種貨幣政策向金融市場注入巨額資金,也無法阻止這場金融危機所帶來的骨牌效應。不但多家大型的金融機構接連倒閉或被政府接管,更引發全球性的經濟衰退。 台灣因法規限制、政府干預及貨幣市場侷限,在面對全球金融風暴後,金融機構對於風險控管、融資對象的審核更趨嚴格。但是,各金融機構為求永續經營,對各營業據點卻沒有因金融風暴而降低業績及營收成長的要求。因此,分行及客戶經理除了必須接受總行更趨嚴格的風險控管、審核規範之外,仍須面對年年增長的業績目標,其經營情勢必更形艱鉅。 而投資人在面臨全球經濟衰退、產業獲利不佳的情況下,皆對市場皆採取觀望、現金為王的態度,因而多數投資人會將大量的閒置資金存放於金融機構;反觀,金融機構面對日益增加的存款,貸放成本一路提高,卻又苦無穩健的貸放對象,對賴以利差收入為主的金融業來說無異是雪上加霜。而傳統產業穩健、保守的產業生態、經營思維,擁有充沛的營運資金,又不喜於財務槓桿操作,是銀行低倒債風險、穩健的融資貸放客群。但是,傳統產業保守、習於運用自有資金、不習於運用融資的習慣。因此,要如何建立產業與金融業雙贏、獲利的策略,將是本研究主要探討的重點。 本研究係以大家熟知之無風險獲利模型為基礎,由個案公司透過出口型傳統產業之融資議價優勢,運用各金融機構之間不同的競爭優勢,所創造出能夠同時滿足三方需求的無風險獲利財務策略,達成三贏的局面。
48

無母數統計方法在變異數分析上的應用

王琮胤, WANG, ZONG-YIN Unknown Date (has links)
在處理一般的線性模式的問題上,通常假設e 服從常態分配N (O ,σ□I ),其中 變異數σ□未知常數。因此我們利用最小平方法(LEAST SQUARE METHOD )處理此類 問題前,必須先檢查誤差項是否滿足下列的假設: (1)每一誤差項均服從N(O ,σ□)。 (2)σ□為未知常數。 (3)誤差項間相互獨立(MUTUALL INDEPENDENT )。 由於第(3)項的假設乃一般線性模式所需滿足的條件,因此若吾人之研究在線性模 式的範圍內時,一般均視此條件成立。至於第(1)項及第(2)項的檢驗方法,分 述如下: (一)檢驗常態性假設 統計上,多採用畫圖的方法來檢驗一樣本是否可視為常態,其中常用的方法為常態機 率圖(NORMAL PROBILITY PLOT ),當所畫出的圖形越接近一直線時,表示此樣本越 接近於常能分配。 (二)檢驗σ□是否常數 統計上使用最廣泛的檢驗法為BARTLETT'S TEST 檢定法,當誤差項獨立地服從常態分 配時,此法之檢定統計量(TEST STATISTIC)會接近於卡方分配(CHI-SQUARE DISTR IBUTION ),其自由度為n-1 。若統計量值太大,則拒絕虛無假設。 當第(1)項及第(2)項的假設無法滿足時,可用BOX-COX TRANSFORMATION的轉換 方法,找尋一適當轉換母數ν,一般均可接近上面假設的要求。 雖然運用最小平方法,在溝足誤差項獨立地服從N(O,σ□)的假設前項題下所求得 之參數(PARAMETER )估計量,可得到一些良好的統計性質 ,如b.l.u.e ,但是我們將隨機誤差項的配局限於常態分配不盡合理,此外均方誤( SUM OF SQUARE ERROR )易受極端值的影響。因此令一解決方法,即是以無母數統計 方法來處理此問題。本文之目的主要是欲利用JAECKEL 所建的殘差離勢,發展出在線 性模式中大樣本的無母數檢定方法,因其方法類似於最小平方法的精神,其所得結果 與解釋方法,亦與最小平方法類似。 綜上所述,本文的研究範圍,乃在考慮一線性模式其誤差項獨立地服從一連績分配, 基於JAECKEL 建議的殘差離勢方法,發展出一般之無母數檢定方法。吾人將導出在虛 無假設成立下,其檢定統計量會趨近何種分配?為使此檢定之運用更廣,要求一母體 分配(UNDERLYING DISTRIBUTION )之函數的一致估計式,令其(7)τ(F),吾 人亦將導出τ(F)的一致估計式。此外亦將探討其A.R.E.(ASYMPTOTIC REL ATIVE EFFICIENCY)。 本文共分四章,第一章說明研究動機、目的、範圍及本文之大綱。第二章為迴歸係數 的估計及其近似分配;第一節為JURECKORA 的迴歸係數估計式;第二節為JACEKEL 的 迴歸係數估計式。第三章為線性等級統計量,在線性模式上的理論基礎,第一節為檢 定統計量及其近似分配;第二節為r 的一致估計式;第三節為近似相對有效性。第四 章為結論。
49

李夢陽辭賦研究

朱怡菁 Unknown Date (has links)
明代之於前朝,由於古典文學體式大抵都已完成,故少創見,然而若以此輕易抹煞明代文人之文學成就,則屬偏見。賦體創作在唐代科舉試賦之後,掀起一股創作的熱潮。然而,明代已取消科舉試賦,代之以八股文章取士,而辭賦創作風氣卻始終不墜,較之唐、宋、元反而呈現成長的趨勢。近幾年來,辭賦研究蓬勃發展,其中關於賦史的建構、歷代作品的耙梳工作已接近完成,無論是賦史、賦論史皆有無數學者投入研究,惟有明一代賦篇,卻少有學者論及。尤其是今人論及明代賦論,皆提到「唐無賦」此一觀念,但提出「唐無賦」說法的明代復古派首領李夢陽,其辭賦作品卻缺乏專門而深入的分析。關於前人對於李夢陽之研究,多半出現於文學通論,如批評史、文學史、賦史中;或是討論明代中其賦古文學思潮之篇章中;以及縱觀明代辭賦之相關研究。這些篇章對李夢陽進行概要性的敘述與定義,多半述其大要,甚至有以偏蓋全,或者一昧批評否定之言論。真正將焦點至於李夢陽本身之研究者,又泰半針對其生平及詩論而發。有鑑於此,故本論文以其文集《空同集》中所存三十五篇賦及其賦體雜文為主要研究材料,並以其文學主張「唐無賦」為輔助材料,從而觀察李夢陽的文學觀和賦觀,同時參以近人說法,討論李夢陽提出「唐無賦」其後之影響。
50

RFID在供應鏈物流管理上的創新運用與其發展趨勢–以Wal-Mart為例

曾詩雅, Tseng,Grace Unknown Date (has links)
知識經濟時代的來臨,科技與速度是成功的關鍵,營運效率成為優勝劣敗的決定因素。企業要經得起全球化的挑戰,必須以各類取得的資訊做客觀的分析、策略性的思考,來規劃及發展出具前瞻性、適切性的企業經營新模式,而其重點即為將企業內、外部資源作有效的整合,在技術、產品與策略上推陳出新,因時因地的調整經營策略,進而轉型、再造、創新,以提升企業之競爭力及傲人的營運績效,以促成傲人的資訊流、物流、金流與商流的整合。 資訊流應達到電腦化、金流應達到即時流通順暢化、商流結構亦應達到完整性大目標外,最其要者即屬物流應達成即時管理。而其顯著的特點是走向系統化及即時化、電腦化的資訊管理使供應鏈物流活動之間的生產資訊控制,訂貨、儲存、搬運、進出庫、發貨、運輸、結算等物流環節之間的自動化資訊控制更為合理及流暢。 因其中物流成本占全部營銷成本的比例極高,因此個人以為降低物流成本應可成為企業第三獲利來源。 數位經濟的時代,在網際網路與資訊科技一日千里進步中,物流資訊化、網路化、全球化、虛擬化、整合化的方向,努力建構具核心競爭力的資訊整合實為當務之急的核心,如何改變手工資料登錄,使輸入的品質和速度提高,條碼就在這樣的環境下應運而生,其中RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)射頻技術的條碼自動識別技術以電腦、光電技術和通訊為發展基礎的綜合性技術最具競爭優勢及潛力。 本研究希望能從企業導入 RFID 現況與發展趨勢、應用於供應鏈所展現之核心競爭力及Wal-Mart 個案來分析,並從以下三重點來探討: 1. 企業導入RFID 對核心競爭力的影響。 2. 供應鏈物流系統如何運用RFID化以提升競爭力。 3. 政府推動RFID計畫以加速臺灣運籌中心之附加價值的建議。 / The era of knowledge economy has emerged. The key success factors are new technology and speed, and the main decision element is operation excellence. The enterprise has to be continually challenged by globalization through integrated information, strategic thinking, future planning, and new business plans, to integrate all the above resources internally and externally. In addition, the enterprise needs to refresh workable resources, technology, product and strategy and continually make changes with re-modeling, re-engineering, and creativity to promote the competitive strength and operation excellence so as to synergize information flow, material flow, cash flow and business process flow. Information flow should be computerized, cash flow should be smooth, and business process flow should be to meet the most integrated goal: ON-LINE Management. It is important that these processes are systematically linked with on-line computerized information within the supply chain management model. For instance: ordering, stocking, transportation, warehousing, tracking and cashier etc. Nevertheless, logistics cost constitutes a high percentage of operation cost. As such, I view that logistics cost should be brought down so as to reap enormous benefits from a third resource. With the advent of the digital economy and the development of web-base technology, logistics information flow has to be systematic, web-based, virtual, and integrated. Striving to build up a competitive information integration is very important. In order to change the data-entering from a manual mode to a systematic mode the quality and speed are highly expected. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) development depends largely on high technology of computers, optoelectronics, electronic, telecommunication. Thus, it has tremendous potential to become a synergistic competitive strength in the market This research paper will address RFID implementation, status and future development potential, the application in supply chain management and its core competencies. A case review on Wal-Mart’s success with reference to the following points will be discussed in this paper: 1. What are the core competencies required if one applies RFID? 2. How to apply RFID in the field of Supply Chain Management? 3. What is the add-value if Taiwan Government promotes RFID plans?

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