近年來，文化產業對地區的整體經濟與社會發展具有舉足輕重的影響力，文化產業已成為現代都市發展的重心，加上全球化和資訊科技網路發達的影響，原有的地方性文化逐漸式微，面臨消失的危機，所以目前對於襲產保護、傳統空間再生、振興地方經濟等作法皆是保存及延續地方文化，重新找尋定位的方式。本研究藉由地方節慶活動探討文化產業中的創新事業模式其運作機制及要素之間互動的情形，以及找出事業模式在建立的過程中運用哪些當地資源、目前面臨的問題和對地方發展的影響。 研究發現節慶活動擁有之資源基礎不同，會造成事業模式要素的構成不同，並且會依照自身條件選擇適合的利潤推進器。舉辦節慶活動的驅動方向有兩種，一是由政府發起往基層推動，或是由地方人民發起請政府協助舉辦，兩種類型的節慶活動與地方連結程度也會不同。由於地方節慶活動在舉辦期間會與地方人民互動、運用地方資源，所以對地方造成的長、短期影響包括人民的思想、生活型態、生活水準以及環境的軟、硬體部份，當然也影響了地方文化產業的發展方向。 本研究在個案分析的過程中發現，節慶活動想帶動地方產業，必須讓活動深入民間，與地方結合，如果節慶內容可以融入地方文化，也和地方產業加以連結，節慶活動較有永續發展之潛力。目前台灣的節慶文化發展尚在起步階段，主事者應該有長遠的規劃，包括對整體環境的軟硬體建設、建立與民眾的合作關係等，並且應考量自身的條件後加入自己的地方特色，才能獲得民眾長久的支持。 / Recently, the cultural industry has great influences on the overall local economy and the development of society; it has played an important role in the modern metropolis development. Owing to the globalization and the development of information science and technology network, the original local culture gradually declines and faced with crisis of many old customs may die out. For this reason, the protection of cultures, the regeneration of traditional space and the development of local economy are the ways to preserve and continue the local culture. The objective of this research is to find out the operation mechanism of festival events’ business model and how the essential factors interact in the model. Furthermore, this research analyses which local resources are used in the establishment process of festival events and the influences on local development by these events. The conclusions of this research include how the different resource-based festival events cause different factors composition and profit boosters. The combination between festival events and local area may be different because of the way how these events are animated. Festival events have long term and short term influences on people and the development of local cultural industry, including life style, life standard, and environment construction. In order to lead local development, festival events must let the activities combine with more local cultures and resources to have potential of sustainable development. Taiwan's festival industry is still in the beginning, and the government should have long term plans of overall environment construction and establish populace's cooperation relations. Festival events should have their own characteristics to obtain long-time support of people.

節慶活動在人類社會不同階段的文化進程中扮演著重要的角色，隨著經濟發展及社會變遷，其型態及功能更趨多元，而公部門多扮演關鍵推動或執行的角色。因節慶活動的組織運作與網絡管理有別於傳統的政策執行，本研究即以2005台北燈節為觀察平台，欲探究公部門辦理節慶活動的組織結構及運作方式，並從網絡的形成過程中，瞭解行動者彼此的角色位置及參與活動的態度認知，同時也探討行動主體整合關係網絡的過程與結果。 根據研究目的，並經文獻探討、參與觀察及深度訪談的綜合分析，研究發現：在個案部分，活動組織係依階段動態組成，具有系統功能特質，其網絡係在不同認知及權力基礎的行動者間多向互動，並仰賴行動者間的合作信任關係形成，因此可說非正式結構具有實質影響性，而在網絡整合過程，核心行動者雖能善用諸多策略，惟整合結果各行動者對達成認知仍有差異；此外在理論部分，本研究以行動與結構調和觀點提供了網絡研究的若干價值，同時也提出了若干省思。研究最後在政策層面提出了短、中、長程的建議；而在執行層面則是對活動規劃、執行組織及網絡整合等提出相關建議。 / Festivals celebrations play a significant role when cultures evolve. With the change of economic and social development, their forms and functions are getting more diversified while government departments mainly take the role of promotion or execution. Unlike common policy administration, management of networks and organization operation in festivals celebrations are much different. So the research observes Taipei Lantern Festival 2005 to probe into the organization structure and its implementation when government departments dealt with festivals celebrations. And through the forming of network, we seek to understand the position of actors and their expectations of the activity and meanwhile study the course and result of integration of executive sectors. According to the research purpose, document study, observation and in depth interview, it concludes that in the case study, the dynamic activity changes as occasions arise and characteristic of organizationic functions. The network interacts between different sectors of diverse expectations and authorities and it leans on relationship and cooperation between sectors. The informal structure, so to speak, is influential. And during the integration of network, the sector in charge could employ strategies to get work done, but other sectors might expect differently toward the result. Theoretically the research, in terms of reconciliation of actions and structures, focuses on the network and provides also some reflections. At last it forwards short-term, mid-term, and long-term political suggestions. For the execution part, it offers some advice for activity planning, executive organization and integration of network as well.

在週休二日實施之後，國人休假方式由每週一天半增加為週休二日，休閒時間明顯增加，而民眾對於國內旅遊的意願提升高達八成。以台灣觀光休閒產業發展趨勢及現況來看，為因應地方經濟需求，滿足國人對地方資源的懷舊及偏好，以地方資源特色所建立的觀光發展已儼然成型，而這種整合地方資源、吸引觀光人潮，增加城市能見度，彰顯主政者施政能力的觀光策略，已在地方蔚為風潮。 首次舉辦的彰化縣2004台灣花卉博覽會，為彰化帶來實質經濟效益，同時這個行銷案也獲得「2004年中華民國行銷傳播卓越金獎」以及「2004年國際行銷傳播卓越銅獎」，評審稱譽是近年來推動地方節慶事件觀光非常成功的行銷企劃。花博團隊是如何選用適切的傳播工具與置入性行銷手法，和消費大眾進行溝通？在選擇及應用上有什麼樣的策略？都是本研究亟欲深究的主題。 本研究以「個案研究法」選取「彰化縣2004台灣花卉博覽會」為研究個案，同時以「參與觀察法」進行為期2年10個月的觀察，並以「深度訪談法」訪問「彰化縣2004台灣花卉博覽會」的計畫主持人及票務組組長，進行半結構式的訪談。同時，輔以次級文件分析，期望對觀光節慶節慶活動運用整合行銷傳播及置入性行銷之可行性等做法，有較明確的認知及建議。 研究發現，花博團隊在傳播工具的使用與整合上，包括：（一）傳播工具的有效整合，創造最佳成效（二）品牌忠誠度及關係建立（三）傳播工具的選擇兼顧全國性及區域性（四）執行策略完善，全面性曝光（五）團隊由高層主導，內部公關得宜。而在置入性行銷的溝通內容部分，則包括（一）個人關聯性的結合（二）移情作用（三）資訊的傳遞（四）如臨現場的執行性。在行銷策略的擬定及行銷工具的表現，則包括：（一）市場定位明確，傳播工具及訊息合宜（二）代言人及吉祥物策略選用，增加曝光效應（三）異業結盟擴大觸角，創造行銷新模式（四）營運及宣傳的整合。 就未來各縣市舉辦觀光節慶活動的建議策略，應朝：（一）善用媒體作營運團隊，開創行銷新紀元（二）新聞置入效果佳，但須考量公眾利益（三）經費有限，創意無限（四）永續發展之路等面向經營。

由於台灣特殊的歷史背景、地理環境和種族多元性，無論是實體文化資源或無形文化傳說，都讓台灣的文化節慶極具特色與魅力，如果活動本身的內容豐富迷人加上行銷得宜，很有潛力成為各縣市的最佳品牌代表；然而，目前台灣所舉辦的眾多節慶活動，大多不具有明顯以品牌思維來經營的特徵。品牌經營是行銷重要的根基，要讓產品能永續的經營，一定要有策略地將商品或品名建立成為品牌。 / 我們已經進入了數位的時代，在資訊科技早已融入生活的今天，數位工具在行銷深度和廣度上能達到的效果已經明顯可見，但可惜的是，在眾多數位的工具中，被使用於台灣現行文化節慶行銷上的並不多，無論是工具種類或用途，甚至行銷人的思維上，都還停留在很基本的狀態中。 / 台灣眾多大型文化節慶活動中，大甲鎮瀾宮的媽祖遶境是國內極具代表性的一個節慶活動。自1999 年開始，臺中縣政府將遶境與其他文化資源結合擴大舉辦成為「大甲媽祖文化節」，2003 年正式更名為「大甲媽祖國際觀光文化節」，希望為這個龐大的民間信仰活動增加文化的深度與廣度。活動並納入多元的面向，期望能將此一活動經營成為國內文化節慶活動的第一品牌。 / 本研究是以大甲媽祖國際觀光文化節為例，以品牌策略來分析其現況，再從數位行銷的思維及應用工具中提出成為文化節慶品牌的建議。在行銷上，行銷人要能善用數位行銷的「即時」和「互動」兩大特點來打破地域和單向的行銷限制，將文化節慶的消息與內容即時且深刻地傳送到每個人的面前。唯有好的活動品質加上完善的行銷，才能讓節慶活動成為消費者心中的文化品牌，並藉此創造龐大商機並帶動地方永續性的發展。

觀光產業為缺乏自然資源的離島縣份—澎湖縣的重要經濟來源，而自2003年開始舉辦的澎湖花火節，為提振澎湖觀光收入與打造菊島觀光特色的重要觀光節慶之一，然而近年來由於規模縮小、活動內容缺乏在地特色，且同類型競爭者頻出的狀況下，花火節的效益受到不少質疑。作為澎湖最富盛名的觀光節慶活動，花火節是否依舊能對遊客有足夠的吸引力，並結合澎湖在地文化創造出對於遊客來說具有差異性的特別體驗？本研究擬採用體驗行銷作為理論基礎，以量化的調查法輔以質化的焦點團體訪談法，探究澎湖花火節給予遊客體驗之現況，了解其體驗對遊客滿意度及維繫遊客忠誠度的影響，並就得以補強改進之部份提出實務上的建議。研究結果顯示，體驗行銷模組中之感官體驗、思考體驗及行動體驗對顧客滿意度有顯著正向關聯，而感官體驗、思考體驗及關聯體驗對顧客忠誠度間有顯著正向關聯，而顧客滿意度對顧客忠誠度亦有正向關聯。差異性分析方面，人口統計變項及旅遊特性變項均有部份對體驗行銷、顧客滿意度及顧客忠誠度達到顯著差異。焦點團體訪談之結果大部分與量化結果相符，受訪者指出澎湖花火節的煙火聲光效果是類似活動中最佳，但其是否能與在地文化做結合才是主要考量重遊的因素，節目及週邊設施的規劃也需要改善。建議往後澎湖花火節應融入澎湖在地特色，以增加活動與澎湖本身之連結，並進一步提昇體驗；活動的基礎設施與流程管理也應加強，並增加節目的多元性與互動性，以符合不同特性遊客的需求。 / Tourism industry plays a key role in the economy of Penghu County, which lacks natural resources to develop other industries. The Penghu Fireworks Festival, which has been held annually since 2003, is the most important tourism event to help increase the income of tourism and build the special characteristics of the county as a tourism destination, but recently the effect of the event has been doubted because of the shrink of its scale, the lack of authentic localism, and the rise of many imitating competitors. Does the event still have the competitiveness against others to attract tourists? Is there any possibility to bring some local culture in the event to provide extraordinary experience for the tourists? Schmitt’s Experiential Marketing theories is used in this study as the theoretical base to examine the experience of the Penghu Fireworks Festival both quantitatively and qualitatively. Survey method is performed to find out the relationships between the main variables, which are experiential marketing, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. A following focus group discussion is then operated to gain further insights about the outcome of the survey. The result shows that sense, think, and act experiential modules are positively correlated to customer satisfaction. Sense, think, and relate modules are positively correlated to customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction and loyalty also have a positive correlation. ANOVA analysis indicates that differences of experience, customer satisfaction and loyalty among different demographic and tourism variables are partially significant. The result of the focus group discussion is similar to the quantitative analysis. The sensory performance of the Penghu Fireworks Festival is the best among similar events, but what really makes the tourists revisit is whether the event is designed with local culture elements. The content of the shows every night, the event settings and the management system have to be improved as well. Local elements of Penghu should be used as the theme of the festval to make it more relevant to the tourism destination, and to enhance the experience. Physical setting and process of the event should be improved. The content of the event also needs more diversity and interactivity, in order to satisfy the needs of different tourists.