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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

台灣證券商經營狀況之探討-資料包絡分析法的運用 / An Empirical Study on Measuring Operating Efficiency of Security-firms in Taiwan

劉雲霞, Liu, Yun-Hsia Unknown Date (has links)
本研究首度採用資料包絡分析法評估台灣證券商的經營效率,主要研究目的有三:(一)評估現有證券商的效率情形,及個別證券商之最適投入產出數額;(二)探討效率值的解釋因素;(三)比較資料包絡分析法與傳統一般獲利指標的評估結果。本研究以現存之專業經紀商及綜合證券商為研究對象,以資料包絡分析法評估其八十至八十三年之效率情形,並以兩組投入產出組合(模型一與模型二)作分析;再以迴歸模式,探討效率值是否由於成立年數、股價指數、經營型態及營業據點數的不同而有所差異;44最後以Spearman相關分析比較效率值與一般獲利指標排序的相關程度。關於效率值的解釋因素方面,本研究設立八個研究假說:(1)經紀商的純粹技術效率值比綜合證券商高;(2)成立年數越久,純粹技術效率4值越高;(3)營業據點數越多,純粹技術效率值越低;(4)純粹技術效率值會隨股價指數的漲跌而有顯著不同;(5)經紀商的整體技術效率值比綜合證券商低;(6)成立年數越久,整體技術效率值越高;(7)營業據點數越多,整體技術效率值越低;(8)整體技術效率值會隨股價指數的漲跌而有顯著不同。   根據實證結果顯示:(一)在模型一下效率值最好與最差的證券商與模型二幾乎完全相同;(二)全體證券商之純粹技術無效率及規模無效率的程度類似,表示就全體而言,若要徹底改善效率,資源的善用與規模的調整皆須進行;(三)不論在模型一或模型二下,經營型態、營業據點數及成立年數對整體技術效率值的影響均為顯著,其中綜合證券商較經紀商的效率值為佳,營業據點數對效率值有負向影響,成立年數對效率值有正向影響;而純粹技術效率值的解釋因素,只有成立年數和股價指數為顯著,其中成立年數對效率值有正向影響,而股價指數對效率值有負向影響;(四)整體技術效率值與四項獲利指標的相關程度較高,表示整體技術效率的表現與獲利高低有關;而純粹技術效率值與四項獲利指標的相關程度卻較低,因為獲利良窳除了與純粹技術效率有關,還會受到公司本身競爭策略、政府課稅因素、規模報酬狀況及其它環境因素的影響。
52

我國由技職專校改制升格之私立技職院校經營績效分析 / Efficiency evaluation of the private technical colleges in Taiwan

林碧芬 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以三階段資料包絡分析探討在95到97學年度三年間國內近年升格的私立技職院校的經營績效。研究藉由三階段的調整,期望觀察出各技職院校在摒除環境和產出品質的影響下,真實的學校經營效率表現。結果顯示,當學校屬性為中部學校、南部學校、中型規模學校、科技大學等與各項投入差額之間,具有正向關係,而學校屬性為商科重點或其他科的學校、大型學校等與各項投入差額之間,具有負向關係。而在排除外在因素與統計干擾的影響後,本研究發現各高等技職院校的技術效率、純技術效率與規模效率的差異會減少,多數高等技職院校管理效率仍有改善空間,且亦有部分無效率來自於規模無效率,除部分技職院校處於固定規模報酬階段外,其餘多數技職院校皆處於規模報酬遞增階段。 / This paper uses the three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) to measure performance efficiency of the private vocational and technological colleges which are elevated recently in Taiwan during the 2006-2008 periods. With the three-stage adjustment, the researcher presented the relationship between the outside environmental factors among the considered colleges and the input slacks. After excluding the impacts from outside environmental factors and statistical noises, the study finds that the differences among the technical efficiency, the pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency of the considered colleges would be decreased. In addition, it is also found that most considered colleges have opportunity to improve their efficiency and are in the phase of increasing returns to scale.
53

國民小學經營效率及影響因素之研究 / Efficiency performance and impact factors analyses of elementary schools in Taiwan

方芳蘭, Fang, Fang Lan Unknown Date (has links)
近年來政府財政資源逐年緊縮,但社會大眾對教育品質之要求與日遽增,繼之以近年來少子化之情形日趨嚴重,國民小學開始衍生學生不足及規模過小問題,導致教育投資無效率的情形發生,因此著重衡量投入與產出關係的經營效率概念,成為未來學校經營的重點。本研究綜合實務及理論之觀察,在考量投入與產出評估之觀點下,經由投入及產出指標之計算,進行我國國民小學經營效率之評估,並探討影響我國國民小學經營效率之各項因素驗證其影響,提出增進學校經營效率之建議與策略。 本研究評估我國國小經營效率,以台北市75所公立國小為研究樣本,採用97年度國小歲出計畫預算扣除人事費用之預算、教職員人數、校地面積為投入項,國小六年級國語科、數學科基本能力測驗精熟級以上通過人數、各校市級比賽得分、新生報到人數為產出項,並蒐集各校背景及教師素質、家長社經背景及學區因素等變項資料,藉由資料包絡分析法及Tobit迴歸分析,獲得台北市各公立國小之各項效率結果,及影響學校效率之各項因素分析。主要研究發現:(一)台北市國小技術效率表現尚佳。(二)學校普遍出現學生規模不足情形。(三)、學校成本效率表現普遍不佳。(四)效率表現較佳學校具有學生數多、設校時間較短、家長社經背景較佳特徵。(五)學校間學業成就表現差距較小,但各校師生多元表現表現差距較大。(六)在台北市國民小學經營效率調整方面,現有投入水準下產出有不足之情形,在現有產出水準下則有投入有過多之情形。影響學校經營效率之因素方面,學校特性中只有教師性別、學校成員、學校設立時間對學校經營效率有向顯著之影響;學生家長社會經濟背景方面,學校低收入戶及原住民學生比率越高對學校效率有顯著的負面影響,其餘因素影響並不顯著。學區環境部分,學校所處區位都市化程度越高效率越好,位於住宅區之學校效率優於其他各區。針對研究結果,提出下列建議。(一)規模過小學校,宜進行各項資源整合利用。(二)推動教師專業評鑑及落實考核。(三)建立教育績效責任制提升學校效率。(四)國小校務評鑑可同時有量化及質化之評鑑。(五)教育經費編列宜考量學校背景之差異性。(六)建議教育行政機關建立整合電腦資料庫以利未來研究。 / Recent year the budget of government is tightening, but our expectation of the educational quality is never less than before. However, the birth rate of Taiwan decreases sharply during decades. It makes the problem that our elementary schools lacking scale of economies are more serious. By literatures reviewing, we find that most of them emphasize on effectiveness of elementary school but efficiency. If we ignore the viewpoint of efficiency, we will not catch the whole-picture of elementary schools’ performance. In this dissertation, we are not only examining the efficiency performance of elementary schools’ but also testing the impact of exogenous variables to efficiency. On first stage, We select half of elementary school of Taipei city as our empirical samples, and use data envelopment analysis (DEA)to examine their efficiency performance that include cost efficiency, scale efficiency, technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency ,and allocative efficiency. The result suggests that the sample school have a medium-high technical efficiency performance but poor cost efficiency. Technical efficiency performance is better than allocative and scale efficiency performance. We also confirm a problem that we expect our elementary schools lacking scale of economies. On the second stage, we use Tobit regression method to test our three hypotheses, The empirical result show (1)the evidence support our school characteristic hypothesis that school-specific factors (including the female faculty proportion, teaching experience of teachers, and involvement of teachers) have significant effect to efficiency performance of elementary school.(2) the evidence also support our socioeconomic hypothesis that students’ socioeconomic status (including the family situation and family financial condition) have significant effect to efficiency performance.(3) Our location hypothesis that the school district characteristic (including population density of district and location factor) have significant effect to efficiency performance is supported too.
54

臺北縣政府稅捐稽徵處效率之研究:三階段資料包絡分析法之應用 / A study of efficiency of taipei county revenue service office:the 3-stage dea approach

劉學文, Liu, Hsueh Wen Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以臺北縣政府稅捐稽徵處為對象,採用2001-2008年資料,共有56筆樣本資料進行實證研究。應用三階段DEA作為分析模型,以滿足產出多樣、品質差異及產出環境各異之特殊要求。考量稅捐稽徵處特性下,探討其經營效率,提出改善經營效率之政策性建議,以提升有限資源的效率化利用。 臺北縣政府稅捐稽徵處之經營效率值(三階段純技術效率值)評估之結果為1.0186。研究發現,若未摒除稅捐稽徵處所提供服務的不同產出品質,以及受到環境變數之影響,經營效率值將會低估44.16%。此外,若未考量規模效率,經營效率值也會高估18.23%。 實證結果顯示,利用DEA對於本文地方稅分類方式分析,會產生很好的效果。透過本文提供的分類方法,管理機關可獲得較為有效的管理方式。再者,依據隨機邊界法分析、產出投入比與效率值的相關分析等結果,各地方稅的管理單位應可瞭解其擁有資源的優劣勢,以改善其相對無效率或進步緩慢的窘境。 / This research tries to estimate the operational efficiency of Taipei County Revenue Service Office using empirical data from 2001 to 2008. In order to meet the characteristics including various outputs, different output qualities and specific production environments, 3-stage DEA model is chosen and modified for empirical study. The findings of this research may give policy suggestions to improve the operational efficiency. The estimated operational efficiency, the pure technical efficiency in third stage, is 1.0186. The study shows the operational efficiency will be underestimated by 44.16% if output quality variable and production environment variable are ignored. In addition, if scale efficiency is not taken under consideration, the efficiency will be overestimated by 18.23%. Empirical results indicate that DEA is an effective approach applied to the local tax classification model of this study. Furthermore, according to the findings of SFA analysis, output-input ratio and efficiency index, each management unit of local tax could find out its strength and weakness of resources endowment to improve the relative inefficiency and to make progress in the future.
55

應用經濟-生態效率分析台灣縣市發展之研究 / A study of the application of eco-efficiency to Taiwan cities and counties development

李哲宇, Li, Che Yu Unknown Date (has links)
都市經濟發展同時卻也造成環境衝擊的影響,在永續發展理念下,經濟和環境議題調和為重要議題,過去評估都市永續性主要透過永續指標建構、生態足跡、能值分析等方法,但缺乏將環境和經濟兩者同時考量,因而有經濟-生態效率(Eco-efficiency)評估方式產生。本文嘗試利用此評估方式於探討台灣在民國85、90及95年經濟與環境變化情形,並分析哪些縣市為發展上具有效率以及影響縣市經濟-生態效率上差異性原因。本研究第一階段利用可處理多投入及多產出之資料包絡分析計算效率,第二階段則將以都市發展程度等為原因探討對於縣市效率值變動影響情形。 研究結果顯示,縣市中以北部縣市效率值較高而南部效率值較低,個別縣市觀察以台北市、新竹縣、新竹市、台中市、嘉義市和台東縣為三個年度中皆具有效率的縣市。而縣市欲提升效率值則需從汽柴油銷售量及用電量著手;此外,總用水量和二、三級產業就業員工數為縣市經濟-生態效率值之優勢因素。更近一步透過Tobit迴歸分析影響縣市效率值差異性原因,都市發展程度及污染性產業比例與效率值呈現負向變動,而每人每年可支配所得高低則呈正向變動。因此,建議政府對產業的汙染管制宜改善,而於都市發展程度較高的縣市提升能源使用效率並降低對環境影響,以提升縣市發展之經濟-生態效率。 關鍵詞:經濟-生態效率、資料包絡分析、Tobit迴歸分析 / Urban development creates economic values and results in environmental impact at the same time. Based on the concept of sustainable development, several methods, such as sustainable indicator frameworks, ecological footprints, urban metabolism, were reported to assess urban sustainability. However, these methods seldom focus on the relation between environment and economy. Therefore, World Business Council proposed Eco-efficiency. This research tried to apply Eco-efficiency to analyze which cities/counties are relatively eco-efficient and find causes bringing about discrepancies among twenty-two cities/counties in Taiwan. In the first stage, this research applies Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) to figure out Eco-efficiency scores and applies Tobit regression method to analyze in the second stage. The results show that efficiency scores of northern cities/counties are higher than other areas and the ones of southern cities/counties are lower above four areas. Further discussion of analyzing from individual county/city perspectives, the efficiency scores of Taipei city, Hsinchu county, Hsinchu city, Taichung city, Chiayi city and Taitung county are relatively better in 1996, 2001 and 2006. Within comparatively inefficient cities/counties, oil consumption and electricity need to reduce. Water consumption and industry employees are superior factors in twenty-two cities/counties. Furthermore, the intensity of urban development and polluting industry ratio of second and third industries have significant positive effects on the eco-efficiency scores. Disposable income per person per year has significant positive effect on the eco-efficiency scores. Thus, this research suggests that government should improve the regulation on industry pollution. In addition, for those counties/cities with high intensity urban development need to ameliorate energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Key words:Eco-efficiency、Data Envelopment Analysis、Tobit regression
56

我國各縣市整體環保績效之研究 / The Performance Evaluation of Environmental Protection in Taiwan’s Local Governments

游京晶, Yu, Jing Jing Unknown Date (has links)
台灣1970年代以來經濟起飛,人民生活日漸富裕,隨著經濟實力成長,同時也犧牲了環境,為了使人類永續發展,人民開始重視環境保護,要求政府改善以維護生活品質。因此環保投入的效率成為重要的研究課題。 本研究目的以資料包絡分析法建立客觀的「投入-產出」模型,來評估2001年至2010年各縣市環保機關在空氣、噪音、水及廢棄物污染防制的續效表現,再分析各縣市環保機關整體績效,並研究四個環保評估面向影響整體環保績效的比例為何。 實證結果發現,整體績效而言,台北市、高雄市資源雖然多,但技術仍然不足以應付沉重的環境、人口負荷量,使得投入與產出的效率不如其他縣市。並由各環保面向績效的趨勢分析發現,資源回收率的效率進步最多,水污染防制效率最差。 Tobit迴歸模型中,四個環保評估面向對整體環保面向的影響為顯著正相關,而且資源回收率效率值對整體環保效率值的影響最大,符合本研究預期。 / This research aims at assessing environmental protection performance in Taiwan’s local governments about air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution and resource recycling from 2001 to 2010 base on DEA and Tobit regression model to analyze the effect of each part’s CCR on whole Environmental Protection efficiency. The result of DEA are (1)The Taipei city and Kaohsiung are good in input than other cities, but lower than other cities in output, because there are too many population to deal with those pollution. (2)Analyzing the trend of each environmental protection part, the resource recycling make great progress. According to this study, the fore evaluations are significantly positive effect on whole performance evaluation of environmental protection. The most value is resource recycling that meet our expected
57

我國產險業經營效率之研究-財務中介法與附加價值法之比較

呂學仁 Unknown Date (has links)
保險公司之經營效率如何,影響保險公司經營效率之因素為何,是國內外保險學者長期以來研究的議題。本研究以我國產險業為對象進行效率之研究,分別以財務中介法與附加價值法選取投入產出變數,以資料包絡分析法衡量產險公司之經營效率,並以Tobit迴歸分析公司型態、再保險比率、資產規模與產品集中度四項因素對效率值之影響,樣本期間自1988年至2004年,共17年。 效率值之逐年變動狀況顯示本國公司在財務中介法的效率值長期不如外商公司,且有逐年降低的趨勢;附加價值法則是外商公司逐漸追上本國公司。 Tobit迴歸分析顯示再保險之使用弊多於利,產險公司應加強核保,在承保能量範圍內盡量降低再保險之使用。產險公司應擴大規模,同時亦應積極開拓保險市場、加強投資,提高投資報酬率與資產報酬率。最後,產險公司應思考本身的優勢,集中經營某幾項險種,累積相關知識及經驗,以增進效率。
58

投資抵減與企業經營績效間之關聯性研究

鄭惠方, Cheng,Hui-Fang Unknown Date (has links)
政府為了提升國家及產業的競爭力,特制定租稅獎勵法規以獎勵投入研發與設備、技術改良之產業與企業,而其中最具代表性的租稅獎勵法規即為「促進產業升級條例」。「產升條例」自施行以來已損失鉅額稅收,尤其「產升條例」中第六條的投資自動化機器設備、研究發展、人才培訓之投資抵減項目,該項目之抵減稅額約占總抵減稅額的百分之三十,堪稱是最重要的租稅獎勵措施,因此本研究特以「產升條例」第六條之投資抵減為研究範圍,以探討政府所提供的投資抵減租稅獎勵政策對於提升企業的經營績效是否有具體影響? 本研究以民國87年度至93年度之上市櫃電子及電機公司為研究對象,採用資料包絡分析方法計算效率值,再以是否取得投資抵減為分類,運用單變項無母數方法檢定效率值,比較有無投資抵減與經營績效之間的差異,最後以Tobit迴歸控制各項公司特性與總體產業因素進一步探討投資抵減對企業經營效率之影響。 本研究實證結果發現,不論是電子業或電機業,均顯示投資抵減政策確實使得公司降低成本,但是未能明顯提升公司的技術效率。在Tobit迴歸分析中的電子業部分,實證結果顯示投資抵減並不是提升公司經營效率的關鍵影響因素,若公司過於依賴租稅減免,反而不利於改進其成本效率;在電機業部分,實證結果顯示投資抵減獎勵沒有達成政府預期的效果,因此電子業與電機業有同樣之現象:企業過度依賴租稅減免,而未致力於技術水準之提升。 / In order to strengthen the competitiveness of the nation and industries, the government has instituted the related regulations to stimulate the R&D input, equipment investment, and technology improvement of companies. One of the most representative regulations is “Statute for Upgrading Industries,” especially the Article six of which, the most important tax measure, referring to invest in automatic equipment, R&D, and personnel training and resulting in huge number of losses of tax revenue. The number of investment credit against tax in accordance with the Article six accounts for thirty percent of the total investment tax credit. Therefore, the Article six of “Statute for Upgrading Industries” is chosen as the research topic of this thesis. The research goal is to review whether corporate operating efficiencies are influenced concretely by this tax measures. We sample the several listed companies in the electric industry and in the electrical machinery industry as our research targets, and choose DEA to calculate the efficiencies of companies classified by the applicability of investment tax credit. Finally, we utilize statistical methods to research the relationship between investment tax credit and corporate efficiencies. In our empirical study, we find that the companies, in both electric industry and electrical machinery industry, eligible for investment tax credit, have higher allocation efficiency, but those unqualified for investment tax credit have higher cost efficiency and pure technical efficiency. This result indicates that the policy of investment tax credit is able to help companies reduce costs, but is unable to improve their technical efficiencies.
59

台灣TFT-LCD大尺寸液晶面板廠商研發效率與影響因子分析

謝榮明 Unknown Date (has links)
本篇主要是研究大型TFT-LCD產業的研發活動進行效率分析的論文,本研究採取二階段的方法來對大型TFT-LCD產業進行分析,研究期間為2001~2003年,第一階段採用資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis;DEA),其產出項為專利件數,其投入項為研發人力,研發資本,一般研究TFT-LCD的經營績效都以研發費用當作投入,而本研究以研發效率為為討論對象,研發資本當作投入,為其特殊之處。 第二階段以Tobit回歸分析找出可能影響研發活動的影響因子,發現影響大型TFT-LCD研發的因子有碩士以上研發人員(R&D)占研發人員比例、研發人員年約收入高低、研發人員平均年資、專利累積數量、專利數量變化量不同會影響技術效率。 實驗結果發現友達的整體相對效率、研發績效、規模效率皆為1為最有效率的廠商,這也印證友達能在世界TFT-LCD占據第三名的地位;友達是連續三年總體及技術效率被評估為最有效率廠商;廣輝在技術相對效率是相當好且穩定的公司,而在營收表現也逐年進步;瀚宇彩晶在整體效率、技術效率、及規模效率是逐年下滑的,而營收表現也不佳;華映則是整體相對效率、技術效率逐年改善。 研究也發現公司規模、技術移轉費用的多寡並不影響研發效率,因此並不是買技術就可提昇研發能力,最根本還是要從資源妥善運用及管理。 關鍵字:研發資本、研發人力、資料包絡分析法、TFT-LCD
60

金控與非金控銀行經營績效影響因素之探討 / An Investigation of the Performance of Financial Holding and Non-Financial Holding Banks

陳添智, Chen, Tien-Chih Unknown Date (has links)
我國自民國90年11月「金融控股公司法」制定公佈施行以來,已核准設立14家金融控股公司,初步完成建構金融跨業經營目標,然嶄新的金融控股公司型態是否能產生預期綜合效益,在金控公司成立屆滿3年之際,實有必要對其投資主體事業-「銀行」之經營績效進行實證瞭解。本論文以94年底45家本國銀行為研究對象,以金控公司成立前後各推3年為資料涵蓋期間,運用資料包絡分析法(data envelopment analysis,簡稱DEA)及Tobit截斷迴歸模型,分別從全體銀行及金控公司旗下銀行二大群組角度,探討金控公司成立對銀行經營績效的影響。 實證發現:本國銀行平均技術效率水準介於56.81%~85.86%間,代表銀行投入資源使用效率仍待改善,其技術無效率來源主要應歸因於資源浪費造成的純技術無效率,各銀行技術效率水準存在明顯差異,且多數非處於最適規模階段經營;金控銀行平均規模效率水準在金控公司成立前後均高於非金控銀行,顯示金控銀行先天在經營規模上即較具效率;銀行加入金控公司後平均技術效率水準明顯提升,且提升幅度高於非金控銀行;銀行透過業務分散、加入金控公司、擴增分行家數、降低逾放比率等經營策略,均有助提高技術效率;銀行公股比率與逾放覆蓋率高低,對技術效率影響效果,視時空環境因素及銀行經營策略而異,銀行資產市占率高低對技術效率的影響,統計解釋上並無顯著性;金控公司透過分散銀行子公司業務、積極整合金控資源、納入保險子公司、增加銀行子公司資產市場占有率等策略,將有助提升銀行子公司技術效率水準。

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