The aim of this thesis was to study elderly people’s experiences of and approach to their usage of home care services with tax deduction. The aim was also to describe how elderly people reason about their underlying motives of using home care service with tax deduction. The study is based on six qualitative interviews with people between the ages of 65 and 80, living in Nacka, Sweden. This thesis is a collaboration with Stiftelsen Stockholms läns Äldrecentrum/ Stockholm Gerontology Center and part of their follow up study concerning simplified administration for elderly people applying for home care services in Nacka. The theory of rational choice was used in the analysis of the results. The primary results showed that elderly people’s usage of home care services with tax deduction was limited though regular and consist mainly of basic domestic work. The overall experiences of using home care services with tax deduction were positive and described in terms of satisfaction and as a possibility of independence and influence regarding their needs of services and how they were executed. The results indicate that the usage of home care services with tax deduction is partly based on elderly people’s lack of confidence in publicly-financed elderly care. Due to the distrust in elderly care and the self-determing factors home care services with tax deduction generated, their choice of using home care services with tax deduction seemed more appealing than publicly-financed home care services.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the female experience as it is spoken of in the novel Sindhia written by Rut Hillarp (1954) and how the main character in the book violates the experience from a queer perspective. My aim is to through a close reading highlight a number of discourses that underpin the book's imminent theme of love and submission. According to Norman Faircloughs critical-discourse analysis, the text one reads produces a certain amount of discourses that one consumes. This way there is a dialectical interaction that can be set into a practical analysis together with a suitable academic perspective. This is the method I use in this thesis.The academic perspective I add isJudith Butler's queer theoriessupported by Michel Foucaults social genealogyin order to understand/analyze the woman’s position in relation to a social empirical history. I came to the conclusion that Sindhia produces the woman's discourse from an ancient biblical/ mythological time up to modern time. It brings forth untold perspectives that disclose the social hierarchies and women's rebellion against them, a rebellion that has been silenced. The text simply transcends the myths and highlights what has been made invisible, it brings new perspectives to the discourse about women. This shows that the ancient stories that have submissioned the position of women also carry subversive possibilities.

No description available.

The locomotor activity of the reindeer is separated into a diurnal and a nocturnal phase which, in turn, consists of a  number of short-term activity bursts. The onset and termination  of diurnal and nocturnal activity are largely in synchrony  with sunrise and sunset. Since the diurnal phase is  longer, total activity is dependent on the photoperiod. Total  activity as well as the number of activity bursts is greater  in Jùne with continuous daylight than in December with 6  hours daylight. In winter, reindeer spent less time feeding  but more time ruminating and resting *than in summer. Synchronization  between individuals was also greatest in winter. It  is concluded that the described changes in the activity  pattern are due to an endogenous component and that this component  further controls food consumption and energy balance  of the reindeer.  Seasonal variations in behavioural patterns are described.  Several specific rutting behavioürs, sexual and agonostic,  emerge in the male during the prerut and persist until after  the rut. The preorbital gland is enlarged and secretory activity  is evident. The rut is cha'tabterized by the sudden appearance  of an odour in the breath of mature males followed a few  later by a strong odour in the urine. These odours persist for  a short time during the most intense period of rut. The amount  of androgen rizes sharply and reaches peak concentrations in  late September - early October, decreasing thereafter. The  described behavioural cues occur with a certain constancy in  time in concecutive seasons.  A quantification of the amounts of secretory epithelia in preorbital,  interdigital, caudal and tarsal glands reveals that  only the preorbital gland is subjected to any seasonal and  sexual variation. The apocrine epithelium in this gland is  most developed in mature males during the rutting season and  seems to be dependent upon the presence of an elevated androgen  concentration. The tarsal gland is the least developed  gland while the interdigital and caudal glands are more welldeveloped  and structurally complex. Scattered apocrine glands  are only developed on the legs, the ventral body, oral angle  and in the rump patch. / digitalisering@umu

I Sverige idag finns ett statligt vägnät som finansieras och underhålls av de Svenska myndigheterna genom Trafikverket. På Trafikverkets avdelning för underhåll planeras och genomförs underhållsåtgärder för att vägarnas standard ska uppfylla de beslutande kraven som finns. En av de dimensionerande faktorerna vid underhåll av asfaltsvägar är spårdjup, spårdjupen får inte överstiga den specifika underhållsstandarden som finns eftersom om det sker ökar olycksrisken och en försämrad framkomlighet kan uppstå. Ett av syftena med detta examensarbete är att undersöka om det går att förutse var och varför asfaltsbeläggningar inte uppfyller underhållsstandarden som finns. Metoden som används grundar sig i en analys av mätdata som inhämtats genom laserskanning av vägytan med hjälp av en mätbil. Datan presenteras i form av grafer och figurer i Trafikverkets öppna webbportal PMSV3, graferna och figurerna har analyserats för att sedan utgöra resultatet och slutsatserna i arbetet. Resultatet som framgick stämmer som helhet överens med grundinställningen innan arbetet påbörjades, att det går att se en indikation efter några år vart beläggningen kommer att överstiga maximalt spårdjup enligt underhållsstandarden. Men att förutse om och var beläggningen kommer försämras först och mest är svårare i ett tidigt skede. Arbetets slutsatser har bidragit till att flera förslag på fortsatta arbeten har föreslagits, vilket får arbetet att anses lyckat. / In Sweden today, there is a state road network that is financed and maintained by the Swedish authorities through the Swedish Transport Administration. At the Swedish Transport Administration maintenance department, maintenance measures are planned and implemented to ensure that the standards of the roads meet the decision requirements that exist. One of the dimension factors for maintenance of asphalt roads is rut depth, the groove depth must not exceed the specific maintenance standard that exists because, if this happens, the accident risk increases One of the purposes of this thesis is to investigate whether it is possible to predict where and why asphalt pavements do not meet the maintenance standard that exists. The result which appeared to be in agreement with the basic attitude before the work was started, that it is possible to see an indication after a few years where the occupancy will exceed the maintenance standard But to predict if and where the asphalt coating will deteriorate first and most is more difficult at an early stage The work's conclusions have contributed to several ideas for further work being proposed, which makes the work to be considered successful

No description available.

Neste trabalho foram realizadas as sínteses dos complexos trans-[RuCl2(L)4] (L = py, isn, 4-acpy e 3-acpy), trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py, isn e 4-acpy), trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(py)4](PF6)2, trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]Cl23H2O, trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(py)4]Cl2, cis-[RuCl2(DMSO)4], trans-[Ru(NO2)2(py)4], trans-[RuCl(NO2)(py)4], trans-[RuCl(acn)(py)4](PF6) e do complexo reduzido trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I. Estes compostos foram submetidos a várias técnicas de caracterização como: análise elementar de CHN, espectroscopia de 1H RMN, espectroscopia na região do UV-vis e IV, técnicas de eletroquímica e EPR. A análise elementar de CHN e os espectros de 1H RMN se mostraram consistentes com as estruturas propostas, indicando a pureza destes compostos segundo estas técnicas. A caracterização por espectroscopia na região do UV-vis mostrou que os novos complexos apresentaram semelhança espectral com compostos semelhantes descritos na literatura. Entretanto, para os complexos trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py, isn e 4-acpy) e trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]Cl23H2O não se observa a banda entre 300-400 nm, comumente observada para tetraaminas de rutênio com o NO coordenado e nas bipiridinas de rutênio com o ligante nitrosilo. Os espectros de absorção na região do IV para os complexos nitrosilos apresentaram a banda da freqüência de estiramento do NO (NO) entre 1870 -1920 cm-1, indicando o caráter nitrosônio do NO. O complexo reduzido trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I apresenta a banda de NO em 1854 cm-1 em acetonitrila, este valor está consistente com o deslocamento da banda de NO observado durante a eletrólise para a redução de trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+. A atribuição desta banda ao NO0 é reforçada pelo estudo de EPR, cujos espectros apresentaram um sinal característico de NO0 coordenado tanto para o complexo reduzido com iodo trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I como para a solução eletrolisada de trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+. Os estudos de eletroquímica para os complexos trans-[RuCl2(L)4] (L = py, isn, 4-acpy e 3-acpy) apresentaram um processo de redução reversível, cujo Ef aumenta com o aumento da capacidade receptora de elétrons do ligante L, py < isn < 4-acpy. O comportamento eletroquímico de trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py e 4-acpy), em acetonitrila, apresentou um processo de redução reversível atribuído a 6/7 e um processo irreversível atribuído a redução 7/8. Após a redução do trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ por eletrólise, em acetonitrila, foi observada a formação de trans-[RuCl(NO2)(py)4] para Eaplicado = -0,535 e -1,435 V vs Fc+/Fc. Em menor proporção, foi observado também a formação de trans-[RuCl(acn)(py)4]+, produto da liberação de NO (mas somente quando Eaplicado = -1,435 V vs Fc+/Fc). Em solução aquosa, os voltamogramas cíclicos do complexo trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ apresentaram três processos de redução. O primeiro processo é referente à redução 6/7, o segundo corresponde à redução 7/8 e o terceiro processo envolve quatro elétrons convertendo o grupo nitrosil a amônia (NO- NH3). Durante a eletrólise, em solução aquosa, observou-se a formação de uma espécie a mais, além do composto trans-[RuCl(NH3)(py)4]+. Possivelmente, esta espécie seja o complexo trans-[RuCl(H2O)(py)4]+ (ou trans-[RuCl(OH)(py)4], dependendo do pH) derivado da liberação de NO. A grande capacidade -receptora dos ligantes piridínicos no plano equatorial dos complexos de rutênio, apresentados neste trabalho, se reflete em várias propriedades como: na energia da TCML, nos potenciais de redução e na acidez da água coordenada em trans ao NO do complexo trans-[Ru(NO)(H2O)(py)4]3+ (pKa < 1) que aumenta consideravelmente em relação ao trans-[Ru(NO)(H2O)(NH3)4]3+, (pKa = 3,1). / The complexes trans-[RuCl2(L)4] (L = py, isn, 4-acpy e 3-acpy), trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py, isn e 4-acpy), trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(py)4](PF6)2, trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]Cl23H2O, trans-[Ru(OH)(NO)(py)4]Cl2, cis-[RuCl2(DMSO)4], trans-[Ru(NO2)2(py)4], trans-[RuCl(NO2)(py)4], trans-[RuCl(acn)(py)4](PF6) and the reduced complex trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I were synthesized. The compounds were analyzed and characterized by elemental analysis of CHN, 1H NMR, UV-vis and IR spectroscopies, electrochemical techniques and EPR. The elemental analyses and 1H NMR spectra were consistent with the proposed structures indicating the purity of the compounds, according to these techniques. The UV-vis spectra of the complexes are similar to those of related complexes. However, for trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py, isn e 4-acpy) and trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]Cl23H2O, the band between 300-400 nm, usually seen in other nitrosyl ruthenium complexes spectra, as tetraamines and bipyridines complexes, was not observed. The IR spectra for nitrosyl complexes showed the stretching frequency band (NO) between 1870 -1920 cm-1, which is consistent with the nitrosonium character of these compounds. The reduced complex trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I shows a NO band in 1854 cm-1 (acetonitrile). This value is consistent with the NO band shift observed during the trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ reduction electrolysis. The assignment of this band to NO0 is consistent with the EPR studies, whose spectra showed a NO0 coordinated signal for the reduced complex trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]I and for the electrolyzed solution of trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+. The electrochemical studies for trans-[RuCl2(L)4] (L = py, isn, 4-acpy e 3-acpy) show a reversible reduction process assigned to RuIII/RuII, whose Ef increases with the -acceptor ability of the L ligand. In acetonitrile, the electrochemical behavior of trans-[RuCl(NO)(L)4](PF6)2 (L = py e 4-acpy), showed two reduction processes. The first is a reversible process assigned to 6/7 and the second is an irreversible process assigned to 7/8. The trans-[RuCl(NO2)(py)4] complex is formed during the reduction electrolysis of trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ in acetonitrile with Eapplied = -0,535 and -1,435 V vs Fc+/Fc. The trans-[RuCl(acn)(py)4](PF6) is also formed after the NO release (only Eapplied = -1,435 V vs Fc+/Fc). In aqueous solution, the trans-[RuCl(NO)(py)4]2+ electrochemical behavior is different from that in acetonitrile. The cyclic voltammograms show three reduction processes. The first is a reversible process assigned to 6/7, the second is irreversible assigned to 7/8 and the third is a NO- NH3 four electron reduction. The electrolysis in aqueous solution generated another specie besides trans-[RuCl(NH3)(py)4]+, which should be the trans-[RuCl(H2O)(py)4]+ (or trans-[RuCl(OH)(py)4], depending on the pH) following the NO release. The great -acceptor ability of the L ligand in the ruthenium equatorial plane, presented in this work, reflects in many properties, such as: MLCT energy, reduction potential and the coordinated water acidity in trans-[Ru(NO)(H2O)(py)4]3+, (pKa < 1), which increases substantially compared to trans-[Ru(NO)(H2O)(NH3)4]3+ (pKa is 3,1).

Baigiamajame magistro darbe pateikta mokslo darbų, skirtų vėžių atsiradimo, gilėjimo asfalto dangoje ir įtakos transporto priemonių važiavimui analizė. Pateikti vėžių asfalto dangoje dinamikos ir įtakos transporto priemonių važiavimui modeliai. Atlikti Provėžų gylio pasiskirstymo Lietuvos valstybinės reikšmės magistraliniuose bei krašto keliuose eksperimentiniai tyrimai. Suformuluotos ir pateiktos išvados ir siūlymai. / The Master thesis provides the analysis of scientific works on the origin of ruts, their deepening on the asphalt pavement and impact on the vechile drive. It presents models of the dynamics of ruts on the asphalt pavement and their impact on the vehicle drive. Morover, experimental researches of the distribution of the depth of ruts on Lithuanian main and national roads were carried out, conclusions and suggestions formed and provided.

Diss. Uppsala : Univ., 2004. / S. 389-403: Bibliografi.

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the reproductive performance of sows corporate program Czech PIC in a commercial breeding Ratiboř, Agricultural Cooperative Chyšky district Písek. The observed breeding herd was formed on December 31, 2016 with 119 sows and gilts. To evaluate the reproductive performance, the breeding-cows were divided into breeding sows inseminated and not inseminated, sow for 1st to 2nd litters (risk litters), 3rd to 5th litters (litter production) and for the 6th and higher. The breeding sows are frequently inseminated between 230th 269th day of life. In 2016, on average 25.2 live-born units were born per sow. The number of weaned piglets was at level of 21.8, it means the values were below the desired optimum. Good results were found in the length of intervening time (155.3 days), and the associated number of litters per sow. Sows reach 2.4 litters per year, and there is no problem with the beginning of rut after weaning. A rut mostly occurs on 4th and 5th day after weaning. The total cost for sows amounted to CZK 676,519.43 per year, when 1 kg of weaned pig costs CZK 53.75.