The thesis focuses on the photographer and lecturer Jan Regal. In the theoretical section summarizes his life and work as a photographic and educational activities. Jan Regal scope is predominantly in the Zlin region, where he comes from. The intention of this work is not only biography, but also his work in the context in the times.

Le présent mémoire cherche à préciser les contours d'une fiscalité équitable dans le cadre du système économique et politique actuel au Québec et au Canada. Pour ce faire, il commence (chapitre 1) par présenter les objectifs des régimes d'imposition et les moyens dont dispose ici l'État pour les atteindre. Par la suite (chapitre Il), nous exposons quatre théories libérales influentes de la justice reconnaissant toutes d'une part une place centrale à un idéal de la promotion de la liberté individuelle, d'autre part un certain rôle au libre-marché dans l'économie. Ces théories sont les suivantes: l'utilitarisme; la théorie de la justice comme équité; le libertarianisme et la théorie des capabilités. Enfin (chapitre III), après avoir retenu comme modèle la théorie des capabilités de Sen et justifié ce choix, nous esquissons, sur cette base, les contours d'une fiscalité équitable en nous efforçant d'en montrer la désirabilité et la faisabilité. La conclusion de ce mémoire en rappelle les inévitables limites et indique sommairement les avenues de recherche qu'ouvre le présent travail. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Fiscalité, Théorie de la justice, Équité, Éthique, Amartya Sen, John Rawls, Milton Friedman, Robert Nozick, Québec, Canada.

Ce mémoire porte sur la crise des sciences, telle que l'ont analysée Edmund Husserl et Michel Freitag, selon leurs points de vue respectifs. Dans la foulée d'un renouveau d'intérêt pour la phénoménologie en sciences sociales, nous souhaitons éclairer les liens que ces deux auteurs font entre la science, la société et l'histoire. Ce mémoire s'inscrit donc dans le sillage des réflexions et des préoccupations sur l'avenir de la science, remontant pour ce faire aux sources de celle-ci, selon la démarche en ce sens commune aux deux auteurs. Dans un premier temps, une réflexion sur les implications herméneutiques du mémoire permettra de montrer qu'en posant la question spécifique de la crise des sciences, nous évitons une comparaison en termes historiques ou disciplinaires, voire psychologiques. Cet aspect d'interdisciplinarité transparaîtra donc dans la nécessité d'une épistémologie sociologique herméneutique. Dans un deuxième temps, nous verrons que des éléments de réflexion sur les rapports entre la science et la société, ainsi que la science et l'histoire, se retrouvent chez les deux auteurs. En s'interrogeant sur les sources de l'objectivité, ils démontrent que celle-ci n'appartient pas exclusivement à la science ou, plutôt, que l'objectivité scientifique ne saurait se fonder elle-même, mais qu'elle renvoie en tous les cas au monde préscientifique. Ils s'intéressent par le fait même aux présupposés de la science, affirmant que l'objectivité n'est jamais donnée d'emblée, mais qu'elle est toujours dérivée du monde vécu, qu'elle se présente comme une idéalisation, une abstraction. Dans un troisième temps, le concept d'idéalisation sera plus substantiellement défini, d'abord par un survol de la pensée de Husserl concernant l'histoire des sciences, des origines « intuitives » de la géométrie, puis de la mathématisation de la nature par la physique galiléenne. La notion de « substruction » sera mise de l'avant comme étant la principale cause de la crise du sens des sciences modernes. En exposant les principales critiques que Freitag formule à l'égard des diverses épistémologies existantes, nous mettrons en lumière les lacunes et les inconsistances ontologiques du discours objectiviste en général et sociologique en particulier. Husserl et Freitag proposent des solutions certes différentes à la crise des sciences, qui consistent à remettre à sa juste place l'objectivité, notamment en reconnaissant le caractère fondateur du monde vécu et donc de la subjectivité humaine. Ils soulignent ainsi l'importance de la normativité et conservent également un idéal de connaissance objective. Enfin, nous nous attarderons sur les notions d'historicité de la connaissance, soulignant que Husserl et Freitag convergent à ce sujet en affirmant un soubassement intuitif de la science et de tout type de connaissance dans le monde vécu, mais en échappant à un constat relativiste où vérité et rationalité deviendraient inconcevables. Par la notion husserlienne d'a priori de l'histoire, et celle de modes de reproduction sociétale freitagiennes, tous deux ont véritablement tenté de penser l'historicité de la connaissance et du monde en évitant de tomber dans l'historicisme. Par des moyens différents, ils en sont aussi venus à poser le caractère historique au sens fort, voire même téléologique, de la pensée elle-même, soulignant ainsi l'inéluctable enchevêtrement de l'ontologique, de l'historique et du philosophique. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Conceptualisation, Épistémologie, Historicité, Idéalisation, Mathématisation, Monde de la vie, Normativité, Objectivation, Objectivité, Ontologie, Rationalité, Relativisme, Sciences modernes, Sciences sociales, Subjectivité, Transcendantal.

When literary movements do not grow out of specific groups who adopt a name fort heir endeavors, they have usually been named to refer to certain stylistic features. Such is the case with "Decadence," a rubric referring to specific poets in turn-of-thecentury France. Most extant work on the artists of decadent literature focuses on its stylistic elements and narrative tropes: their reaction against the image of artist/creator from Romanticism, to cast the artist as egotist; their plea for art's autonomy (as well as for art for art's sake and for the artist as society's outsider); and their idea that art must be sensationalist and melodramatic, bizarre, perverse, exotic, or artificial to make an impact. What is overlooked in traditional approaches to decadent literature is its own frequent claims to social critique, toward which Julia Kristeva points in the un-translated second half of her Revolution in Poetic Language (1974). Moreover, much decadent literature emerges at a historical moment in which a ruling class is under fire; the typical "decadent" work portrays the decline of a class, and the possible repercussions of that deconstruction for the individuals in it. To approach the literature of fin de siècle decadence as social critique, this project considers three novels taken as the three bibles of the decadent movement in French, Italian and English literatures: Huysmans' A rebours (1884), D'Annunzio's own recreation of A rebours, his own Il piacere (1889), and Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891). I will argue that, in this era of emergent modernism, decadent literature tries to claim a more resistant and social critical position from within class structure than does modernism, and that decadent literature, despite its superficial affinities with the Romanticism to which modernism also refers, not only is a literature of the struggle of the individual against an uncaring social world, but also underscores the necessity of reconstructing the hero/narrator's ego, as his identity reflects a class position which must be altered if it is to remain viable. / text

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 328-346). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:50:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 bertochi_af_me_mar.pdf: 465608 bytes, checksum: 44078e06f2f629c4b5610084283ddb80 (MD5) / Esta pesquisa objetiva resgatar a formação teórica e política do comunista de esquerda Nikolai Ivanovitch Bukhárin, por meio da análise de suas obras, como da consulta às obras de Lenin, de historiadores e de comentadores, visando a compreensão do processo de transicão direta ao comunismo na URSS, entre 1918-1921. Por meio de sua profícua produção política Bukhárin foi um dos teóricos bolcheviques que mais contribuiu, entre 1912 até 1921, ao lado de Lenin, para o aprofundamento das questões do imperialismo, do Estado e da transição, particularmente, da soviética, no interior das correntes marxistas contemporâneas. Foi a partir da elaboração de sua teoria sobre o imperialismo e, posteriormente, também da de Lenin, que se formaram, nas correntes marxistas contemporâneas, as concepções atuais que embasam a compreensão teórica do imperialismo e da globalização. Autor de teses originais e muito polêmicas, Bukhárin foi durante boa parte de sua vida membro e um dos líderes do grupo dos comunistas de esquerda, e esteve em frontal oposição às propostas e idéias de Lenin, em diversas circunstâncias. Porém, isso nunca foi motivo suficiente para provocar uma ruptura efetiva entre ambos. Mas, ao contrário, estes debates contribuíram muito para o amadurecimento do pensamento teórico destes dois importantes formuladores da primeira tentativa concreta de transição ao socialismo, buscada durante a constituição da URSS. / This research goals to redeem the left communist Nikolai Ivanovitch Bukhárin theoretical and politics education, analyzing his works and historians like Lenin, to understand the process of direct transition to the communism in URSS, between 1918 -1921. Bukharin was one of the bolcheviques theoretical who contributes between 1912 - 1921 by Lenin's side to imperialism and State questions, about present Marxism works. After his theory about imperialism (and also, after Lenin theory about the same subject), it raises present conceptions about imperialism and globalization. Author of polemics and originals thesis, he was member and leader of the left communist group and was against Lenin ideas many time. However, this thing was never a reason to break it other. On the contrary, these debates has a hand in rise of Lenin and Burkhárin theoretical think. Both of than were creators of first right tentative of the transition until socialism during the URSS constitution.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 boso_eas_me_assis_parcial.pdf: 263682 bytes, checksum: 6a8644009a3ac77a07f5a86c9c60cd4c (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2015-08-28T16:08:56Z: boso_eas_me_assis_parcial.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-28T16:09:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000650426.pdf: 1066815 bytes, checksum: 1f85a50e2b4d8e621c94d737a8a5f84e (MD5) / O objetivo deste trabalho é demarcar o espaço da escritora Nélida Piñon na literatura de autoria feminina, refletindo sobre as vias de acesso que se abriram quando ela retomou uma das personagens mais conhecidas e míticas da história da Literatura Universal, Scherezade, no romance Vozes do deserto (2004). Este estudo permitiu que se realizasse uma reflexão mais acurada sobre a construção desta personagem a partir da perspectiva da critica feminista (SHOWALTER, 1994) e que se revelasse a condição feminina em um sistema hegemônico, coercivo e patriarcal que legitima as situações de poder, submissão, opressão e violência em relação às mulheres. Sendo assim, este trabalho é um convite para que se conheça a contribuição de Nélida Piñon à luz da evolução contemporânea e da emancipação consciente das mulheres que ousaram transgredir os limites do tempo e espaço em prol de sua visibilidade, independência, liberdade e reconhecimento como sujeito da história. Esses aspectos permitem contemplar as três fases: feminina, feminista e mulher, da literatura de autoria feminina estabelecidas por Elaine Showalter. Apesar de esta obra de Nélida Piñon ser ainda pouco estudada pela crítica brasileira, ela é importante também para os estudos da ginocrítica devido ao discurso crítico especializado sobre os textos produzidos por mulheres. Esta dissertação pretende valorizar o ser mulher que protagoniza não somente a história, mas a ascensão do seu próprio destino no mundo. Em conclusão, a escritora é nome de relevo para o universo literário brasileiro, sendo uma profunda conhecedora da história das mulheres e, portanto, atenta e comprometida com o atual cenário sócio-político cultural brasileiro / The genesis of this work is to demarcate the area of the writer Nélida Piñon in the female authorship literature reflecting about the access roads that were opened when the author retook one of the most well-known and mythical character of the Universal Literature – Scherezade – in the novel Voices of the Desert (2004). So, this study allowed to realize a more accurate reflection about this character’s construction from the perspective of feminist criticism (SHOWALTER, 1994) bringing out the feminine condition in a hegemonic system, coercity and patriarchal that legitimizes the power situations, submission, oppression and violence against women. Therefore, this work is an invitation to know Nélida Piñon’s contribution in contemporary evolution and women’s emancipation awareness who dared to transgress the boundaries of time and space to promote their visibility, independence, freedom and recognition as a subject of the history. These aspects allow to gaze on the three phases: feminine, feminist and female of the Women’s literature established by Elaine Showalter. Although this novel has been little researched by Brazilian criticism yet, it is also important to the gynocritical studies because the gynocriticism speech is a critical and specialized speech about texts written by women. So, this dissertation intends to enhance (value) the female who stars not only the history but makes possible the rise of her own destiny in the world. To conclude, the writer is outstanding name for the Brazilian Literary Universe and she demonstrates a deep knowledge about women’s history and, therefore, attentive and compromised with the current social political and cultural Brazilian scenery

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-06-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:44:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ulbanere_a_me_ia.pdf: 2169241 bytes, checksum: 6831d68b53ef115571d0696868229fd2 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Este trabalho busca compreender o pensamento sobre a Linguagem Musical do compositor Willy Corrêa de Oliveira a partir de transcrições das aulas do curso Linguagem e Estruturação Musicais, ministrado por ele no Departamento de Música da Escola de Comunicações e Artes (ECA) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP). O autor desta dissertação parte de trechos de aulas para encontrar relações desse pensamento com a Filosofia Marxista e com diversas teorias e metodologias que resultam em uma maneira de entender a idéia por trás das notas, característica de suas análises. O materialismo-dialético é compreendido no pensamento de Willy a partir da prática e de uma consciência histórica marxista. Esses também seriam os pontos de ligação entre a teoria marxista e outras, como a fenomenologia, a hermenêutica e a semiótica, no caso. As transcrições encontram-se integrais nos Anexos. Assim, o pensamento musical de um compositor brasileiro contemporâneo torna-se disponível e acessível para os que buscam trilhar os mesmos caminhos. / This work aims to understand the musical thought of composer Willy Corrêa de Oliveira from transcriptions of a course named Musical Language and Structure taught by him at Music Department of Arts and Communication School of University of São Paulo. Author works from takes of registered classes to relate this thought to Marxist Philosophy and other theories and methodologies resulting in a way of understanding the idea behind the notes, which is one of its characterizes. Dialectic-materialism is understood in Willy's thought from practice and a Marxistconscience of History. These would be the basis to join Marxist theory to others, like Phenomenology, Hermeneutics and Semiotics, in this case. All transcriptions are part of this work. Thus, musical thought of a Brazilian contemporary composer is accessible for those who go by the same track.

No presente trabalho, é realizado um experimento para investigar as escolhas entre distintas distribuições de renda, sob diferentes conjuntos informacionais. Os indivíduos são defrontados com distribuições baseadas nas teorias de John Rawls (2002), Robert Nozick (1991) e duas distribuições mistas, sob dois tratamentos distintos: o primeiro com o véu de ignorância da teoria rawlsiana e, o segundo, sem o véu de ignorância. Os resultados revelaram um maior número de escolhas do modelo rawlsiano sob o véu de ignorância, enquanto no tratamento sem véu a maioria dos participantes escolheu o modelo de Nozick, ainda que sob esse tratamento o padrão de escolhas tenha sido mais homogêneo. Esses resultados indicam a instabilidade de princípios escolhidos sob o véu de ignorância. / This work provides a synthesis of three theories of justice: from Rawls, Nozick and the utilitarian theory. Then an experiment is proposed, aimed to investigate choices of distributive justice based on these theories. The individuals are confronted with different income distributions, under two distinct informational treatments: the first with a veil of ignorance and, the second, with no veil of ignorance. The results point to a majority of choices of the rawlsian principle under the veil of ignorance treatment, while under the non veil of ignorance treatment there is a majority of choices of Nozick’s model of distribution of income. These results indicate the instability of principles of justice chosen under the veil of ignorance.