O contato ocidental com outras sociedades sempre estimulou uma produção imagética interessada em retratar esse outro e, no caso dos povos originários do que hoje é o território brasileiro, esses sempre serviram como tema a uma série de representações muito variadas, conforme os padrões culturais e o pensamento da época de sua produção. Entretanto, nas artes do século XX, a imagem do índio começa a mudar de maneira significativa. Dentre as décadas de 1970 e 1980, mudanças na produção artística são observáveis e novos conteúdos começam a ser privilegiados ao mesmo tempo em que chama a atenção a ascensão de pautas indígenas, dentre outras do contexto político específico dessas décadas. O presente trabalho parte do reconhecimento de uma mudança no tratamento de povos indígenas na arte enquanto um tema. Tenta avaliar as potencialidades interpretativas no uso desse tema, de onde parte esse interesse e como pensar o lugar que o artista passa a ocupar ao falar desses povos. Diante de outros problemas diagnosticados no tocante a arte e povos indígenas, a pesquisa também delineará outros debates envolvendo essas categorias que têm chamado a atenção da historiografia da arte nos últimos tempos. / The western contact with other societies has always motivated the creation of pieces dedicated to portrait the other. Concerning the original inhabitants from what today is known as the brazilian territory, they have always appeared in a variety of images, portraited according to the thinking and cultural standards of the time these same images were made. However, in the 20th century art, the portrait of indigenous people changes significantly. Between 1970 and 1980, Brazilian art goes through noticeable changes and new contents take place at the same time the country watches the rise of the debate about indigenous peoples rights all inside the very specific political context of these decades. The present work comes from the assumption that indiginous people have always been a subject in art, but aims to undersand the many ways artists refer to this subject, where the interest on indigenous people comes from and what the role of the artist is when talking about these peoples. Other problems have been noticed concerning art and indigienous people, therefore, the present work will also map some other matters surronding these categories that have been recently debated by art history.

Submitted by LILIANE PEREIRA SOARES DO NASCIMENTO null (lipsn30@gmail.com) on 2017-03-26T01:35:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ficção, representação e imaginário - a invenção da Amazônia nos romances De ouro e de Amazônia e Rum para Rondônia.pdf: 1451169 bytes, checksum: f9580f50b39ce50e52f93b1a1f8431e9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-03-29T17:13:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 nascimento_lps_dr_sjrp.pdf: 1451169 bytes, checksum: f9580f50b39ce50e52f93b1a1f8431e9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-29T17:13:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 nascimento_lps_dr_sjrp.pdf: 1451169 bytes, checksum: f9580f50b39ce50e52f93b1a1f8431e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A pesquisa aqui apresentada promove uma leitura de dois romances brasileiros da década de 1980: De ouro e de Amazônia, de Oswaldo França Júnior, e Rum para Rondônia, de Luiz Roncari, a fim de observar de que modo as duas narrativas representam tanto o deslocamento geográfico dos dois protagonistas, como os seus descentramentos íntimos, ambos envoltos na atmosfera sociocultural e política da chamada “década perdida”. Um, empurrado pela recessão econômica; o outro, desgastado pelo embate com as formas de representações de poder instituídas depois do golpe militar de 1964. Um, em busca de ouro; o outro, em fuga de tudo e de todos. Ambos migrantes que veem em Rondônia uma representação do “Eldorado”. Tais romances, como já se pode depreender, valem-se da estratégia narrativa de tensionar as fronteiras entre ficção e realidade, advindo daí o nosso objetivo que é demonstrar, por um lado, quais procedimentos narrativos e linguísticos são articulados para compor literariamente alguns traços da identidade e do imaginário da sociedade brasileira das décadas de 1970 e 1980 e, por extensão, dado o perfil escolhido pelos romancistas para compor os seus protagonistas, alguns aspectos do imaginário sobre a Amazônia rodoniense. Para tanto, consideramos os estudos sobre representação literária a fim de compreender a complexa relação entre contexto social, ficção literária e imaginário. Interessa-nos, os estudos de Wolfgang Iser (1996,1999) sobre o fictício e o imaginário, as discussões filosóficas de Luiz Costa Lima (2006) sobre os conceitos de ficção e mímesis, as contribuições de Mikhail Bakhtin (1990), segundo as quais a matéria do romance é uma representação de diversas vozes sociais, o pensamento de Lukács, que aponta o romance como expressão de uma experiência conflitante entre o homem e o mundo, além dos ensinamentos de Antonio Candido (1965), sobretudo no que diz respeito à percepção de como os conteúdos da realidade são transcriados para constituírem a representação literária. Tendo por base tais reflexões, empreendemos o estudo de duas obras de pouca circulação no meio acadêmico, buscando entender o fato de os autores, de formações distintas, participarem da promoção de um imaginário sobre Rondônia, contribuindo para fixar o pensamento comum de “terra distante” em que os códigos de conduta seriam balizados por formas de exploração, pela desconfiança e pela violência, tudo isso emoldurado por uma natureza ao mesmo tempo inóspita e grandiosa. / The research presented here promotes the reading of two Brazilian novels of the 1980s: De ouro e de Amazônia (Of Gold and of Amazon), by Oswaldo França Júnior, and Rum para Rondônia (Rum for Rondônia), by Luiz Roncari, in order to observe how the two narratives represent not only the geographical displacement of the two protagonists but also their personal wanderings, both enveloped in the sociocultural and political atmosphere of the so-called "lost decade." One, driven by the economic recession; the other, worn out by the clash with the forms of power instituted after the military coup of 1964. One, in search of gold; the other, on the run from everything and everyone. Both migrants who see in Rondônia a representation of "Eldorado." Such novels, as can already be seen, employ the narrative strategy of tensing the boundaries between fiction and reality, arriving at our goal which is to show, on the one hand, which narrative and linguistic processes are articulated to compose literary traits of identity and illusion of the Brazilian society of the 1970s and 1980s, and on the other hand, given the profile chosen by the novelists to compose its protagonists, some aspects of illusion about the Rondônia Amazon. Therefore, we consider the studies on literary representation in order to understand the complex relationship between the social context, literary fiction and illusion. Of interest are the studies of Wolfgang Iser (1996, 1999) about the fictitious and the illusory, the philosophical discussions of Luiz Costa Lima (2006) on the concepts of fiction and mimesis, the contributions of Mikhail Bakhtin (1990), who indicates that the subject matter of novels is a representation of various social voices, in addition to the teachings of Antonio Candido (1965), particularly with regard to the perception of how the content of reality is transformed to form literary representation. With these reflections and considerations as our foundation, we undertook the study of two works of little circulation in academia, seeking to understand the fact that the authors, of different backgrounds, participate in the promotion of an illusion about Rondônia, contributing to instill the widespread thought of a "distant land" in which the codes of conduct would be marked by forms of exploitation, mistrust and violence, all framed by a rugged yet grandiose nature.

Univerzita Karlova Filozofická Fakulta Ústav Dálného východu Teorie a dějiny literatur zemí Asie a Afriky Disertační Práce Mgr. František Reismüller Vedoucí práce: Prof. PhDr. Olga Lomová, CSc. 2019 Multilayered Subversion and Double-edged Subjectivity: Chinese Avant-garde Literature of the Second Half of the 1980s Abstract This thesis analyzes Chinese avant-garde literature of the second half of the 1980s in order to identify the main literary features that are common for the otherwise very diverse works of this literary current. First part of the thesis describes literary-political conditions, discursive changes and literary-theoretical discussions between 1978 and 1989 related to the rapid development of Chinese literature of that period and relevant for the following analysis. Second part then analyzes works of selected authors of the Chinese avant-garde literature and using Western literary theory in combination with the theoretical background described in the first part of the thesis it identifies the most important characteristics of the given literary current. The thesis then reaches the conclusion that the works of the Chinese avant-garde literature of the second half of the 1980s show a critical amount of common features, such as subversion, metafictional elements or questioning of the...

The purpose of this study is to explain how Australia has bargained for improved outcomes in its trade with the United States over the 1980s and into the early 1990s. This explanation is sought by means of an analysis of the forces which have shaped Australia's trade policy-making towards the U.S. in the five trading sectors of wheat, sugar, beef, steel and international air passenger transport. The study adopts a theoretical framework which postulates that state actors and institutions are principally responsible for trade policy-making and the concomitant bargaining strategies adopted to improve trade outcomes. However, a state-centred approach needs to be qualified by state actors' accomodation of societal-actor demands for policy action. While exogenous to this domestic bargaining process, influences emanating from the international political economy must also be taken into account. The relationship within and between state and societal actors, influenced as they are by international institutions and ideas, are critical to understanding the bargaining approaches made by one state towards another. It is argued that sectoral trading outcomes between Australia and the U.S. can be understood by reference to a bilateral bargaining process within each trading sector. Within each such bargaining process, Australia has, within broad bilateral and multilateral approaches, devised strategies by which it could mobilize sectorally-specific resources to seek to exploit opportunities and minimise problems so as to improve its trading outcomes. The nature of these sectoral strategies has been influenced by first, the nature of the U.S. policy and policy-making process; second, the Australian domestic bargaining process between state and societal actors; and third, and to a lesser extent, prevailing ideas and the perceptions of the negotiating parties.

<p>Uppsatsen syftar till att förklara drivkrafterna bakom utvecklingen av den svenska ubåtsjaktförmågan under 1980-talet. Detta sker genom att utvecklingen studeras ur två olika perspektiv med avsikt att utröna vilket av dem som har bäst förklaringskraft. Perspektiven underbyggs av varsin statsvetenskaplig förklaringsmodell, som båda är hämtade från Graham Allisons <em>Essence of Decision. </em>Modellerna<em> </em>benämns i detta arbete det rationella aktörsperspektivet respektive det interna maktkampsperspektivet. Till vart och ett av perspektiven lämnar Allison ett antal rekommenderade frågeställningar och med hjälp av dessa utvecklas två analytiska nät. Näten används sedan för att söka igenom empirin för att skapa underlag för ett besvarande av studiens frågeställningar.</p><p>Studiens resultat är att det rationella maktkampsperspektivet, där betraktaren utgår från att Sverige agerade ändamålsenligt då hon utsattes för ett främmande undervattenshot och därför utvecklade ubåtsjaktförmågan, har goda möjligheter att på egen hand förklara det skedda. Däremot kan inte det interna maktkampsperspektivet, som utgår från att det var försvarsgrenarnas kamp om resurserna som var den egentliga drivkraften, ensamt förklara orsakerna till ubåtsjaktförmågeutvecklingen. Inte ens om perspektiven tillåts vara varandra komplementära kan någon positiv inverkan från det interna maktkampsperspektivet påvisas. Istället var det medvetna val grundade i viljan att upprätthålla den nationella suveräniteten som var drivkraften bakom utvecklingen av ubåtsjaktförmågan.</p> / <p>The present study aims to explain what where the driving forces behind the development of Swedish submarine hunting skills during the 1980s by studying the development from two different perspectives and ask which one of them has the best explanatory power. The approach is supported by two separate scientific explanations; rational actor and governmental politics, both of them taken from Graham Allison <em>Essence of Decision</em>. Allison supplies the researcher with a number of recommended questions to dwell upon when developing analytical networks to be drawn through the empirical study when creating a basis for answering the survey questions.</p><p>The result of the study is that the rational actor perspective, in which the viewer assumes that Sweden was acting rationally when subjected to an underwater threat and thus developed her ASW-capability has good possibility to explain the course of events. Arguments that the governmental politics perspective, which assumes that it was the struggle for resources between the different Swedish armed services alone was the real driving force behind the development of the ASW-capability, have however not been found. Even if the perspectives are allowed to be complementary to each other no real impact from the internal power struggle perspective can be confirmed. Hence the driving force behind the development was the deliberate choices based on a will to preserve the national sovereignty.</p>

My dissertation studies various questions falling into the broad context of macroeconomics and international economics. The questions have macroeconomic components because they are concerned with the behavior of aggregates. Specifically, the second and third chapters of my dissertation study the causes of fluctuations in aggregate macroeconomic variables and the way policy can be coordinated internationally to reduce these fluctuations, respectively. In addition, chapters III and IV address questions that fall into the realm of international economics. They are concerned with the optimal exchange rate regime between two countries, the consequences of partial exchange rate pass-through and the effect of an increase in vertical Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) by domestic firms. The framework of my analysis is given by different versions of general equilibrium models. The second chapter of my dissertation decomposes fluctuations in aggregate observables for the UK economy during the 1980s recession. Using a modern accounting procedure, I estimate parameters that describe the economy using annual data from 1970 to 2002. Then, I simulate different versions of the model to find the distortions that are essential in driving the observed fluctuations. I find labor market distortions to be crucial in accounting for the episode, suggesting that the policies of the time were well targeted and effective. The third chapter of my dissertation studies policy coordination in a two-country framework allowing for partial pass-through. In particular, both countries are assumed to have monetary and fiscal stabilization instruments available. The optimal setting of these instruments under differing pass-through regimes is analytically derived. Fiscal policy is found to be used in a counter-cyclical fashion. In addition, the magnitude of fiscal stabilization is the largest when pass-through is partial. In the fourth chapter, I study the consequences of vertical FDI on aggregate productivity and welfare. The framework allows for heterogeneity across firms in two dimensions. It is firms that are at a disadvantage with respect to manufacturing costs that are benefiting most from moving their production process abroad. Overall, the ability to engage in vertical FDI increases productivity, lowers prices and thus increases welfare.

This thesis aims to examine the transformations that took place in architectural theory and practice in Turkey in the 1980s, and the role of architectural publications in this context, by analyzing the framework that was drawn by the Mimarlik journal. The analysis of Mimarlik is undertaken in relation to architectural developments in the world and in Turkey, and foreign and local counterparts of the journal. The shifting stances of the journal, as the publication of the Chamber of Architects of Turkey, are studied with reference to the distribution of theoretical and practical content included in it and its changing editors and committees. Architects, buildings, architectural activities, and publications of the decade are scrutinized in order to evaluate the journal&lsquo / s approach towards architectural theory and practice. The thesis attempts to situate Mimarlik in the context of contemporary architectural developments of the 1980s. It argues the journal&lsquo / s role in

This thesis involves a class-based literary criticism of working-class women s writing. I particularly focus on a selection of novels by three working-class women writers - Livi Michael, Caeia March and Joan Riley. Their work emerged in the 1980s, the era of Thatcherism, which is a definitive period in British history that spawned a renaissance of working-class literature. In my readings of the novels I look at three specific aspects of identity: gender, sexuality and race with the intersection of social class, to examine how issues of economic positioning impinge further on the experience of respectively being a woman, a lesbian and a black woman in contemporary British society. I also appropriate various feminist theories to argue for the continued relevance of social class in structuring women s lives in late capitalism. Working-class writing in general, and working-class women s writing in particular, has historically been under-represented in academic study, so that by highlighting the work of these three lesser known writers, and by indicating that they are worthy of study, this thesis is also complicit in an act of feminist historiography.

Uppsatsen syftar till att förklara drivkrafterna bakom utvecklingen av den svenska ubåtsjaktförmågan under 1980-talet. Detta sker genom att utvecklingen studeras ur två olika perspektiv med avsikt att utröna vilket av dem som har bäst förklaringskraft. Perspektiven underbyggs av varsin statsvetenskaplig förklaringsmodell, som båda är hämtade från Graham Allisons Essence of Decision. Modellerna benämns i detta arbete det rationella aktörsperspektivet respektive det interna maktkampsperspektivet. Till vart och ett av perspektiven lämnar Allison ett antal rekommenderade frågeställningar och med hjälp av dessa utvecklas två analytiska nät. Näten används sedan för att söka igenom empirin för att skapa underlag för ett besvarande av studiens frågeställningar. Studiens resultat är att det rationella maktkampsperspektivet, där betraktaren utgår från att Sverige agerade ändamålsenligt då hon utsattes för ett främmande undervattenshot och därför utvecklade ubåtsjaktförmågan, har goda möjligheter att på egen hand förklara det skedda. Däremot kan inte det interna maktkampsperspektivet, som utgår från att det var försvarsgrenarnas kamp om resurserna som var den egentliga drivkraften, ensamt förklara orsakerna till ubåtsjaktförmågeutvecklingen. Inte ens om perspektiven tillåts vara varandra komplementära kan någon positiv inverkan från det interna maktkampsperspektivet påvisas. Istället var det medvetna val grundade i viljan att upprätthålla den nationella suveräniteten som var drivkraften bakom utvecklingen av ubåtsjaktförmågan. / The present study aims to explain what where the driving forces behind the development of Swedish submarine hunting skills during the 1980s by studying the development from two different perspectives and ask which one of them has the best explanatory power. The approach is supported by two separate scientific explanations; rational actor and governmental politics, both of them taken from Graham Allison Essence of Decision. Allison supplies the researcher with a number of recommended questions to dwell upon when developing analytical networks to be drawn through the empirical study when creating a basis for answering the survey questions. The result of the study is that the rational actor perspective, in which the viewer assumes that Sweden was acting rationally when subjected to an underwater threat and thus developed her ASW-capability has good possibility to explain the course of events. Arguments that the governmental politics perspective, which assumes that it was the struggle for resources between the different Swedish armed services alone was the real driving force behind the development of the ASW-capability, have however not been found. Even if the perspectives are allowed to be complementary to each other no real impact from the internal power struggle perspective can be confirmed. Hence the driving force behind the development was the deliberate choices based on a will to preserve the national sovereignty.

During the 1980s, women in country music enjoyed unprecedented success in record sales, television, film, and on pop and country charts. For female performers, many of their achievements were due to their abilities to mold their images to mirror American norms and values, namely increasing political conservatism, the backlashes against feminism and the civil rights movement, celebrations of working and middle class life, and the rise of the South. This dissertation divides the 1980s into three distinct periods and then discusses the changing uses of gender, race, class, and region in female country music and links each to larger historical themes. It concludes that political and social conservatism influenced women’s country performances and personas. In this way, female country music is a social text that can be used to examine 1980s America.