Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 17, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Thesis advisor: Dr. Susan Flader and Dr. Jeffrey L. Pasley. Includes bibliographical references.

Spinal cord injuries result in permanent loss of motor function, leaving those affected with long term physical and financial burdens. Strategies for spinal cord injury repair must overcome unique challenges due to scar tissue that seals off the injury site, preventing regeneration. Tissue engineering can address these challenges with scaffolds that serve as cell- and drug-delivery tools, replacing damaged tissue while simultaneously addressing the inhibitory environment on a biochemical level. To advance this approach, the choice of cells, biomaterial matrix, and drug delivery system must be investigated and evaluated. This research seeks to evaluate (1) the behaviour of murine induced pluripotent stem cells in previously characterized 3D fibrin matrices; (2) the 3D fibrin matrix as a platform to support the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells; and (3) the ability of an affinity-based drug delivery system to control the release of emerging spinal cord injury therapeutic, heat shock protein 70 from fibrin scaffolds. / Graduate / 0541 / amy.lynn.montgomery@gmail.com

Ein Ziel der modernen Physik ist die experimentelle Beobachtung des neutrinolosen Doppelbetazerfalls (0nbb). Unter den wenigen in der Natur vorkommenden Nukliden ist 76-Ge ein möglicher Kandidat an denen dieser Prozess unter anderem mit dem Experiment GERDA nachgewiesen werden soll. Die extrem geringe Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Auftreten einer 0nbb-Umwandlung ist mindestens zehn Größenordnungen kleiner ist als die des Beta-Zerfalls von 115-In mit einer Halbwertszeit von 4,41x10^14 Jahren, einem der seltensten in der Natur beobachteten Kernumwandlungen. Die dafür erforderliche hohe Detektions Sensitivität wird unter anderem vom Messuntergrund bestimmt, dessen genaue Kenntnis für die Auswertung der Messdaten erforderlich ist. In dieser Arbeit wurden neutronenphysikalische Studien an Germanium durchgeführt, die essentielle Lücken in diesem Kenntnisstand schließen. Neutronen können durch direkte Wechselwirkung mit Germanium sowie der umgebenden Materie des Detektors oder indirekt durch Aktivierung Zählereignisse hervorrufen. Für das Verständnis des damit verursachten Untergrundes wurde der Neutronenwechselwirkungsquerschnitt 70-Ge(n,3n)68-Ge, das Anregungsschema von 76-Ge und der energieabhängige Anregungsquerschnitt für einige dieser Zustände untersucht. Der mangelhafte Messdatenbestand für natürlich vorkommende Germaniumisotope wird dabei entscheidend verbessert. Um die Untersuchung des 76-Ge Anregungsschemas und den Zugang zu einer Palette weiterer Experimente zu ermöglichen, wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit ein leistungsfähiges, sehr speziellen Anforderungen entsprechendes Rohrpostsystem entwickelt und im Neutronenlabor der TU Dresden installiert. Ein weiteres neutronenphysikalisches Experiment untersucht den bisher unbeobachteten Elektroneneinfang von 76-As. Dadurch wird eine Möglichkeit gezeigt die oftmals nur mit theoretischen Modellen zugänglichen und mit großen Unsicherheiten behafteten Übergansmatrixelemente experimentell zu bestimmen. Diese spielen bei der Auswertung von Experimenten zum Doppelbetazerfall, insbesondere des Experimentes GERDA, eine entscheidende Rolle. / One goal of modern physics is the experimental observation of the neutrinoless double beta decay (0nbb). Among the few naturally occurring nuclides 76-Ge is one candidate to which this process is to verify, amongest others with the GERDA experiment. The extremely low probability of occurrence for a 0nbb-decay is of at least ten orders of magnitude smaller than that of the Beta-decay of 115-In, one of the rarest beta transitions observed in nature with a half-life of 4.41x10^14 years. Thefore a high detection sensitivity is required, wich depends among other things on the measuring background. Its exact knowledge is necessary for the evaluation of the measuring data. In this work neutron-physical studies were performed on germanium aiming to close the essential gaps in this state of knowledge. Neutrons can cause counting events by direct interaction with germanium and the surrounding matter of the detector or indirectly by activation of any of these materials. For understanding of those background signals, the neutron interaction cross section 70-Ge(n,3n)68-Ge, the levelsceme and the energy-dependent excitation cross section of 76-Ge has been investigated. The lack of data inventory for natural germanium has been improved significantly. To enable the investigation of the 76-Ge level sceme and the access to a range of other experiments, a powerful, very special requirements corresponding pneumatic tube system was developed and installed in scope of this work at the neutron laboratory of the TU Dresden. Another neutron physics experiment examined the so far unobserved electroncapture of 76-As. This shows one way to determine transition matrix elements experimentally, which is often only accessible through theoretical models and prone to large uncertainties. These Matrix elements play a crucial role in the analysis of experiments on double beta decay, in particular the GERDA experiment.

In this study, the Babylonian Exile of the Jews is approached from the perspective of a sociological analysis of more recent historical cases of mass deportation and refugee behaviour. After this survey, four behaviour patterns are isolated that function as 'Mechanisms for Survival' for minorities in crisis and under domination in a foreign environment. These 'Mechanisms' include 1) Structural adaptation, 2) The rise of, and conflict between, new leaders. 35 new Folklore patterns, especially 'Hero' stories, and 4) adoption or elaboration of ritual as a means of boundary maintenance and identity preservation. These four mechanisms are then illustrated from Exilic texts of the Old Testament. The rise of Elders and the changing nature of the Bet Abot is seen as structural adaptation. The conflict of Jeremiah and Hananiah, and the advice of Jeremiah in his 'letter', is seen as the conflict of new leaders in crisis. The 'Diaspora Novella' is compared to Messianic expectation and especially to Suffering Servant to show how folklore can reflect social conditions and serve a function as 'hero stories'. Finally, the latest redactional layers of 'P' reveal concern for purity and separation that expressed itself in social isolationism and boundary maintenance, particularly in the dissolution of marriages with foreign wives. There is also a section on social conflict after the restoration, as a measure of the independent development of exilic social ideology and theology. The conclusion is that sociological analysis of the Exilic material reveals the exilic-post-exilic community exhibiting features of a minority group under stress, and the creative means by which that group responds by Mechanisms for Survival.

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales) / La presente memoria tiene por objeto fundamentar la tesis de la improcedencia del arresto como medida de apremio, ante el no pago de la compensación económica. Con el propósito de respaldar esta afirmación, este trabajo se compone de tres capítulos y una conclusión final. El capítulo primero se refiere al marco teórico y normativo de la institución de la compensación económica, donde señalaremos su concepto, el fundamento de la institución, los requisitos normativos para su procedencia, su determinación, forma de pago y las diversas posturas que se han elaborado respecto a su naturaleza jurídica. En el segundo capítulo expondremos la historia legislativa del artículo 66 de la ley Nº 19.947 y analizaremos cuáles han sido las posiciones y argumentos que ha sostenido la doctrina sobre la procedencia del arresto por el no pago de la compensación económica. En el tercer capítulo describiremos y comentaremos los criterios que han tenido nuestros tribunales superiores de justicia sobre la materia, dividiendo las sentencias entre aquellas que acogen el arresto como medida de apremio y aquellas que lo rechazan. Por último, comentaremos y analizaremos un fallo de nuestro Tribunal Constitucional, respecto a un requerimiento de inaplicabilidad por inconstitucionalidad del artículo 66 inciso segundo de la ley en comento. Finalmente, en nuestra conclusión, intentaremos relacionar los argumentos sostenidos tanto por cierto sector de la doctrina como por diversa 6 jurisprudencia de nuestros tribunales para afirmar la tesis de la improcedencia del arresto como vía de apremio por el no pago de la compensación económica, por tratarse de una medida que infringe el derecho a la libertad personal y desatiende la proscripción de la prisión por deudas contemplada en la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos

In this diploma thesis I summarize and analyze information about cinematographers of the 70`s and 80`s of the 20th century. I deal with the basics of theory in the context of the period, as well as artistic relationships, and detailed analysis of specific films, with the target to explain the innovative visual procedures established in this period in Russia. I aim to show the influence of the unique production of the period on todays work by analyzing given means of expression.

The theme of this thesis is groundbreaking 70s and 80s playing the tuba. The work divided into four chapters and subchapters. In the first chapter I write about major tuba players 70s and 80s. The first chapter and its subchapters consider crucial part of this thesis. The second chapter presents the most important authors and their songs that were to develop playing the tuba very important. The third chapter is devoted to the International Association of tuba, which was created at that time and for progress in the style of playing the tuba, it was very important. The fourth chapter is devoted to an interview with Jim Self and Pavel Trnka.

Submitted by Pós Imunologia (ppgimicsufba@gmail.com) on 2017-02-20T18:12:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 OLIVEIRA RC-2015.pdf: 1350637 bytes, checksum: b7f46beea8a9ab0be171a19ce556fa7f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Delba Rosa (delba@ufba.br) on 2017-06-14T13:28:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 OLIVEIRA RC-2015.pdf: 1350637 bytes, checksum: b7f46beea8a9ab0be171a19ce556fa7f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-14T13:28:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OLIVEIRA RC-2015.pdf: 1350637 bytes, checksum: b7f46beea8a9ab0be171a19ce556fa7f (MD5) / Fapesb / O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é uma doença reumática autoimune que pode acometer uma em cada 1.700 mulheres brasileiras. Trata-se de doença cuja etiologia se fundamenta na associação da predisposição genética dos pacientes com fatores ambientais e hormonais, perda da tolerância imunológica e propagação da autorreatividade inata e adaptativa, resultando em manifestações clínicas complexas e multivariadas. Diversos aspectos associados com a atividade do LES, especialmente a doença renal presente em importante proporção dos pacientes, têm sido objeto de intensa investigação. Entre estes, a participação de autoanticorpos e a contribuição de componentes bioativos como citocinas e hormônios na nefrite lúpica ocupam posição de destaque. Objetivo: No presente estudo foi investigada a participação dos anticorpos anti-dsDNA totais e de alta avidez, antinucleossomo (ANuA) e hiperprolactinemia na atividade do LES e nas suas manifestações clínicas com destaque para Artropatia de Jaccoud, usando como população alvo mulheres lúpicas residentes na Bahia. Material e Métodos: Cento e quarenta e duas mulheres portadoras de LES foram investigadas para a prevalência e níveis de anticorpos anti-dsDNA totais, anticorpos anti-dsDNA de alta avidez e ANuA, além de hiperprolactinemia. Adicionalmente, foram testadas as correlações dos níveis destes componentes com a atividade da doença e suas associações com as manifestações clínicas mais prevalentes nestas pacientes. Autoanticorpos antinucleares foram determinados por testes de imunofluorescência indireta e ELISA. Níveis séricos de prolactina e citocinas foram determinados por imunoensaios de captura de antígeno, enquanto os níveis de C3 e C4 foram determinados por imunonefelometria. Os níveis de creatinina e proteinúria foram medidos por métodos colorimétricos e a atividade lúpica avaliada com o protocolo SLEDAI-2K. Testes de estatística univariada foram usados nas análises dos resultados. Resultados: Os níveis de anticorpos anti-dsDNA de alta avidez e de anti-dsDNA totais se correlacionaram diretamente com os níveis de anticorpos antinucleossomo, sendo esta correlação mais forte com os primeiros. Correlações significativas entre os níveis de C3, C4, VHS, proteinúria e SLEDAI foram observadas com os níveis de anticorpos anti-dsDNA de alta avidez e, exceto proteinúria, com os níveis de ANuA. Os níveis de anticorpos anti-dsDNA totais se correlacionaram apenas com os níveis de C3 e SLEDAI, porém de forma menos significativa que os anticorpos anti-dsDNA de alta avidez e ANuA. Pacientes com artropatia de Jaccoud apresentaram níveis mais altos de anticorpos antidsDNA totais e IL-6. Hiperprolactinemia leve a moderada foi encontrada em 19,7% das pacientes, observando-se níveis séricos de prolactina mais altos nas pacientes com comprometimento renal, além de existir correlação entre os níveis séricos deste hormônio com os níveis de creatinina sérica e proteinúria. Adicionalmente, existiu uma aparente supressão da produção de anticorpos anti-RNP- 70 em pacientes lúpicas hiperprolactinêmicas com fenômeno de Raynaud. Conclusões: Anticorpos anti-dsDNA constituem-se em importantes biomarcadores de doença ativa em pacientes portadoras de LES residentes na Bahia, podendo complementar o diagnóstico da artropatia de Jaccoud nestas pacientes, além de sugerir a presença de comprometimento renal quando são de alta avidez e detectados conjuntamente com proteinúria e baixos níveis de C3. Por outro lado, a presença de uma hiperprolactinemia leve a moderada pode ser verificada nestas mulheres, cujo envolvimento na doença renal lúpica foi demonstrado neste estudo, além de inibir a produção de anticorpos anti- RNP-70. / Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease that affect one in 1,700 Brazilian women. This disease is associated with a genetic predisposition of the patients and has the contribution of hormonal and environmental factors. Lupus' patients have a loss of immune tolerance, resulting in uncontrolled autoimmune reactivity and complex and multivariate clinical manifestations. Various aspects associated with the activity of SLE, especially kidney disease, have been the subject of intense investigation. Among these, the participation of autoantibodies and the contribution of bioactive components such as cytokines and hormones occupy a prominent position in these studies. Objective: The present study investigated in SLE women who lived in Bahia (Brazil), the participation of total and high avidity dsDNA, antinucleosome antibodies (ANuA) and hyperprolactinemia in the activity of this disease and its clinical manifestations, especially arthropathy of Jaccoud. Material and Methods: One hundred and forty-two women with SLE were investigated for the presence of hyperprolactinemia and prevalence and levels of total and high avidity anti-dsDNA antibodies and ANuA. Correlations among these components with biomarkers of lupus activity and their associations with the most prevalent clinical manifestations in the patients were also tested. Indirect fluorescent antibody test and ELISA determined antinuclear autoantibodies. Capture immunoassays measured prolactin and cytokine levels while C3 and C4 levels were determined by immunonephelometric tests. Creatinine levels and proteinuria were measured by colorimetric methods and lupus activity assessed with the SLEDAI-2K protocol. Descriptive statistical tests were used in the analyses of the results. Results: The levels of both high avidity and total anti-ds DNA antibodies correlated directly with the levels of antinucleosome antibodies, but this correlation was stronger with dsDNA antibodies of high avidity. Significant correlations among the levels of C3, C4, ESR, proteinuria and SLEDAI were observed with the levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies of high avidity and, except proteinuria, with ANuA levels. The levels of total anti-dsDNA antibodies correlated only with levels of C3 and SLEDAI, but these correlations were lesser than those of high avidity dsDNA antibodies and ANuA. Patients with Jaccoud arthropathy presented higher levels of dsDNA antibodies and IL-6, whereas mild to moderate hyperprolactinemia was found in 19.7% of the lupus patients. Higher serum levels of prolactin were demonstrated in patients with kidney disease, as well as there was a correlation between the levels of this hormone with their serum levels of creatinine and urine protein. In addition, hyperprolactinemia seems to inhibit the production of anti-RNP-70 autoantibodies. CONCLUSIONS: Antibodies to dsDNA are important biomarkers of active disease in SLE patients from Bahia and the increase in dsDNA antibody levels can complement the diagnosis of Jaccoud’s arthropathy. In addition, high avidity dsDNA autoantibodies are a good laboratory evidence of renal impairment in lupus patients when they are detected together with proteinuria and low levels of C3. On the other hand, the presence of a mild to moderate hyperprolactinaemia can be seen in lupus women whose involvement in lupus kidney disease and inhibition of the production of RNP-70 autoantibodies was demonstrated in this study.

A presente pesquisa tem como intuito estabelecer um olhar sobre a produção de periódicos alternativos no campo das artes, que passaram a servir como suporte e como meio para muitos artistas veicularem suas poéticas e seus discursos a partir dos anos 1960 e 70. Associados ao estouro da comunicação, à busca por liberdades estéticas e às reivindicações sociopolíticas, o formato editorial em série propagou-se em contexto nacional e internacional, possibilitando trocas e diálogos entre distintas regiões. A atual pesquisa procurou dar destaque à produção brasileira dos anos 1970, tendo como objeto de análise os cartazetes periódicos Nervo Óptico, de Porto Alegre, criados por um grupo de artistas da cidade, entre eles, Vera Chaves Barcellos, e a revista Punho, de Recife, também produção coletiva de artistas e escritores, da qual Paulo Bruscky era o principal idealizador. Pretende-se com esse estudo, além de alcançar um melhor entendimento específico acerca dessas poéticas e suas conexões e abrir caminho para a compreensão de alguns fenômenos similares, perceber a importância do impresso como espaço de expressão e como prática participativa da edificação do pensamento contemporâneo. / This research is meant to provide a glimpse into the alternative periodicals production in the art field, which served as support and as media for many artists to transmit their poetry and speeches from the 1960s and 70s. Related to burst communication, the search for aesthetic liberties and socio-political demands, the editorial format in series spreads in national and international context, making possible exchanges and dialogues between different regions. The current research sought to highlight the Brazilian production of the 1970s, with the object of analysis Periodicals cartazetes Optic Nerve, of Porto Alegre, created by a group of city artists, among them Vera Chaves Barcellos, and handle magazine from Recife also collective production of artists and writers, that Paul Bruscky was the main proponent. The aim of this study, in addition to achieve a better understanding of these specific poetic and their connections, realize the importance of printed as a space for expression and as participatory practice of building of contemporary thought.

Este trabalho apresenta uma investigação sobre a fotografia produzida por artistas nos anos 1960 e 1970, a partir de uma análise discursiva dos textos que os próprios artistas escreveram na época. Proponho que a especificidade da concepção de fotografia dos anos 1960 e 1970 é resultado de um processo complexo: habitando uma exterioridade selvagem da disciplina das artes visuais naquele momento, a fotografia é escolhida por artistas como uma estratégia importante em uma disputa discursiva pelas definições de arte que resulta na sua formação como objeto para a disciplina das artes visuais. Esta investigação se desdobra em três capítulos: As Fontes de Pesquisa; A Fotografia-Qualquer; Fotografia e Práticas Artísticas – os Discursos dos Artistas nos Anos 1960 e 1970. No primeiro capítulo desenvolvo uma discussão sobre o texto de artista e sua relevância para a compreensão da arte produzida nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, pela análise comparativa de quatro livros que reúnem textos de artistas da época, com o intuito de explicitar o modo como estes escritos são incluídos no campo teórico das artes visuais, pela sua republicação, que se coloca como uma reapresentação (com um consequente deslocamento de seus contextos originais, edição e, muitas vezes, recortes), o que interfere em sua existência e significado para o conhecimento artístico. Nos capítulos 2 e 3, apresento o resultado de uma investigação que teve como objetivo extrair dos discursos dos artistas, datados dos anos 1960 e 1970, qual o papel que a fotografia desempenhava em suas práticas artísticas no contexto maior da arte daquele período. Persigo a ideia da fotografia como um dispositivo de despersonalização do artista como gênio criador, como figura especial que produz objetos especiais e, portanto, distingue-se das outras pessoas. Esta qualidade da fotografia-qualquer é enfatizada em textos de artistas dos referidos anos em uma celebração da possibilidade da anti-arte que resultava da utilização da fotografia como medium, na apropriação do que havia de menos especial em termos de técnica e material para a produção de imagens e se contrapunha à arte que eles chamavam de tradicional ou convencional. Ainda centralizo minha atenção, nos textos dos artistas, no modo como eles abordam seus trabalhos, a fim de destilar daí três papéis que a fotografia pode desempenhar em suas práticas artísticas: a fotografia como documento; a fotografia integrada à prática artística; a fotografia como trabalho de arte. Enquanto tendências extraídas dos modos de apropriação da fotografia como medium para a produção, esses agrupamentos têm a função de organizar, por semelhança e diferença, as abordagens discursivas dos artistas sobre suas práticas, a partir de como eles elaboraram seu fazer e determinaram o lócus de seu trabalho – em outras palavras, o que, para cada um deles, constitui o trabalho de arte propriamente dito em meio aos vários elementos que compõem sua prática artística. A fotografia na arte existe em virtude do discurso – tanto visual quanto textual – que a toma como objeto, e, neste sentido, estava sendo inventada para aquele momento, nos escritos e trabalhos dos artistas. A presença da fotografia na prática artística das décadas de 1960 e 1970, abordada a partir dos discursos dos artistas, revelou-se como um processo complexo de estabelecimento da fotografia como um objeto para o saber artístico, do qual se pode falar e para o qual se forma um vocabulário específico, possibilitando que ela se coloque como mais um medium para a produção artística, entre outros e em relação a eles. / This thesis presents an investigation into the photography produced by artists in the 1960s and 1970s, based on a discursive analysis of texts that the artists themselves wrote at the time. I propose that the specificity of the conception of photography from the 1960s and 1970s is the outcome of a complex process: inhabiting a wild exteriority of the visual arts discipline at that moment, photography is chosen by artists as an important strategy in a discursive dispute for definitions of art which results in its constitution as an object to the visual arts discipline. This investigation unfolds in three chapters: Sources of Research; The Photography-Whatever; Photography and Artistic Practices – Discourses of Artists in the Years 1960 and 1970. In the first chapter I carry out a discussion on the artist’s text and its relevance for understanding the art produced in the 1960s and 1970s, by means of a comparative analysis of four books that gather texts of artists of the time, in order to clarify how these writings are included in the theoretical field of visual arts, through their republication, which arises as a re-presentation (with a consequent displacement from their original contexts, editing, and often cuts), and so interferes with their existence and meaning for the artistic knowledge. In chapters 2 and 3, I present the result of a research that seeks to extract, from speeches of artists dating from the 1960s and 1970s, the role played by photography in their artistic practices in the larger context of art of that period. I pursue the idea of photography as a device of depersonalization of the artist as creative genius, as a special character who produces special objects and therefore distinguishes himself from other people. Such quality of the photography-whatever is stressed in texts of artists from those years in a celebration of the possibility of anti-art that resulted from the usage of photography as a medium, through an appropriation of the least special techniques and materials available at that time for the production of pictures and was opposed to the art that they called traditional or conventional. I also focus my attention, in the artists’ texts, in how they approach their own work, in order to withdraw three roles that photography can play in their artistic practices: the photograph as a document; the photograph integrated into the artistic practice; the photograph as an art work. While trends drawn from the ways of appropriation of photography as a medium for production, these groups have the task of organizing, by similarity and difference, the discursive approaches of the artists about their practices, based on how they developed their doing and determined the locus of their work – in other words, that which, for each of them, constitutes the work of art itself among the various elements that comprise his artistic practice. Photography in the arts exists by virtue of the discourse – both visual and textual – that takes it as an object, and in this sense it was being invented for that time, in the writings and works of the artists. The presence of photography in the artistic practice in the 1960s and 1970s, approached by means of a research into the discourses of artists, has shown itself as a complex establishment process of photography as an object to the artistic knowledge, an object of which one can speak and for which a specific vocabulary is formed, enabling it to place itself as a new medium among others (and in relation to them) for artistic production.