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Utvandrarnas pappersspår : En produktionsstudie av Sveriges dyraste film / The Emigrants' paper trail : A production study of Sweden's most expensive filmLederman Greis, Noah January 2023 (has links)
Kandidatuppsatsens syfte är att genom arkivstudie utföra en historiserande kontextuell analys av Utvandrarna (1971) och Nybyggarna (1972) med produktionsstudie som metod. Filmerna gjordes samtidigt och hade en inflationsjusterad budget på sjuttiofyra miljoner kronor, vilket gör inspelningen till den största satsningen inom svensk film på hela 1900-talet. Hur planerades och genomfördes en produktion av sådan storlek? Ända från de tidigaste idéerna kartläggs processen i syfte att dra slutsatser kring dåtidens svenska kulturklimat, filmsamhälle och tekniska utveckling. Arkivmaterialet hämtas från Svenska Filminstitutets biblioteksarkiv och delas in trefaldigt: Manussamlingen, Bengt Forslunds personarkiv och Bildarkivet. Utifrån detta material återges händelseförloppet i detalj, kompletterat med senare vittnesmål från skådespelare och filmteam. Produktionen värdesatte framför allt verklighetstrogenhet och i stort sett alla scener filmades på plats vid historiska kvarlämningar eller ute i naturen, ofta med lokala amatörskådespelare i de mindre rollerna. Dessutom studeras Jan Troells roll som regissör, fotograf och klippare utifrån Bill Nichols teori om dokumentära representationsperspektiv, med fokus på Troells användande av drag från observerande och deltagande dokumentärfilm för att öka verklighetsintrycket. Slutsatsen blir att filmerna å ena sidan har en tydlig bakgrund i den svenska guldålderns litterära tradition, å andra sidan estetiskt och produktionsmässigt i mångt och mycket tillhör det sena 60-talets nyskapande kulturella våg. / The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to contextualize and historicize the production of The Emigrants (1971) and The New Land (1972), through arhival material. The films were made simultaneously and had a budget of 74 million Swedish Krona, adjusted for inflation, making them the Swedish film industry's biggest investment of the 20th century. How was a production of such scope planned and executed? The process is mapped out in order to draw conclusions around Sweden's cultural climate at the time, its film world and its technological developments. The archival material is taken from Svenska Filminstitutets biblioteksarkiv (The Swedish Film Institute's Library archive) and can be divided threefold: Manussamlingen (the script collection), Bengt Forslund's personal archive, och Bildarkivet (the image archive). Using this material the events of the production are narrated in detail, completed by additional oral history given by the films' cast and crew. The production valued fidelity to reality above all and almost all scenes were shot on location, at historical sites or in nature, often with local amateur actors playing the minor parts. In addition, Jan Troell's role as director, photographer and editor is studied through Bill Nichols' theory of documentary modes, focusing on Troell's use of traits from the observational and participatory documentary modes to strengthen the impression of reality. In conclusion, the thesis finds that while the films are evidently a part of the literary tradition that goes back to the Swedish Golden Age, their aesthetics and means of production are closely tied to the innovative cultural wave of the late 60s.
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Cuerpo en acción, imagen en movimiento y naturaleza en el arte de EE UU y Europa durante los años 60-70, con caracter site-specific. Estudio referencial, análisis y proyecto personalONTIÑANO ABADÍAS, MARÍA CARMEN 07 April 2014 (has links)
La presente tesis está dividida en un bloque teórico y un bloque práctico. En la parte
teórica se realiza un estudio referencial, análisis y discusión de una serie de creaciones
artísticas pertenecientes a la época de los años 60 y 70 mayoritariamente en EE UU y
minoritariamente en Europa, que hacen uso de la imagen en movimiento monocanal y
el cuerpo en acción en la naturaleza con carácter site-specific.
En la parte práctica se realiza una obra videográfica que trabaja a partir de los mismos
elementos de las obras de estudio desde un punto de vista actual y dentro de la línea
de creación personal de la autora, aportando temáticas, motivaciones, procesos
creativos y recursos formales que complementan y dan continuidad a la investigación
teórica, al tiempo que enriquecen la línea de trabajo personal.
Por lo que hemos podido comprobar, no tenemos constancia de que se haya
realizado una investigación que analice y compare las distintas aproximaciones a las
obras de nuestro estudio desde un punto de vista unitario, sino que han permanecido
consideradas como piezas aisladas en muchos casos, dentro de las trayectorias de los
propios artistas y sin atender al denominador común que todas ellas comparten.
En el bloque teórico se acota el marco conceptual que delimita la temática a la que
nos enfrentamos, a la vez que se muestra un recorrido por los puntos más
importantes de la investigación, claves a la hora de analizar, discutir y concluir acerca
de las creaciones. Estos puntos son los siguientes: La naturaleza como lugar; el cuerpo
en acción: performance y danza site-specific; y la imagen en movimiento: cine y vídeo
monocanal, entre testimonio y creación.
Una vez aplicado el marco teórico, se acomete un estudio referencial que aborda el
contexto artístico de la época, una serie de obras periféricas en relación con la
investigación, y finalmente las obras destacadas de la tesis. Se realiza un visionado y un
análisis completo de las obras destacadas a través de una metodología de análisis
creada específicamente en esta investigación para este tipo de piezas. Y se concluye
con una discusión que profundiza en el estudio transversal de las obras, el marco
teórico, el contexto y las periferias, poniendo a disposición de la comunidad
investigadora una visión inédita sobre estas creaciones, y una serie de conclusiones
novedosas acerca de la temática. / Ontiñano Abadías, MC. (2014). Cuerpo en acción, imagen en movimiento y naturaleza en el arte de EE UU y Europa durante los años 60-70, con caracter site-specific. Estudio referencial, análisis y proyecto personal [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/36868
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Boedelimplikasies vir partye wat getrou het of 'n siviele vennootskap voltrek het ingevolge die Civil Union Act / Peet VermeulenVermeulen, Peet January 2014 (has links)
In this research report the estate implications for a marriage or civil partnership, entered into in terms of the Civil Union Act, are identified by determining the impact thereof and whether or not there are any differences with regard to the estate implications of a traditional marriage.
The Civil Union Act came into effect to give legality to the relationship between homosexual couples by providing the option to conclude a marriage or civil partnership. Both of these institutions thus have the same legal consequences.
According to Section 13 of the Civil Union Act the implications of the Marriage Act also apply to the Civil Union Act. The feasibility of this principle is not taken into account regarding estate implications. Since a marriage and civil partnership in terms of the Civil Union Act differs from a traditional marriage, it leads to uncertainty with regard to the application of this principle. This uncertainty and estate implications are the topic of this study.
The total effect of the Civil Union Act is not discussed in the Civil Union Act, but rather consists of references to other legislation. Consequently the specific estate implications for a marriage or civil partnership, entered into in terms of the Civil Union Act, are discussed with specific focus on marriage regimes, maintenance, purchasing of household necessities, donations and tax benefits. Both the position before and after the Civil Union Act are considered.
Firstly marriage regimes are discussed since it is the first step in identifying estate implications for the marriage or civil partnership. Maintenance is considered a direct result of a marriage and is referred to in many laws. It is therefore necessary to discuss the content of the legislation and whether or not it is compatible with the Civil Union Act. The buying of household necessities, donations and tax benefits has a unique effect on a marriage and the focus in this study is on the effect it has on a marriage and civil partnership entered into in terms of the Civil Union Act. The conclusion is that this research report will provide clarity on what exactly the estate implications are for parties who have married or concluded a civil partnership in terms of the Civil Union Act. / LLM (Estate Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Boedelimplikasies vir partye wat getrou het of 'n siviele vennootskap voltrek het ingevolge die Civil Union Act / Peet VermeulenVermeulen, Peet January 2014 (has links)
In this research report the estate implications for a marriage or civil partnership, entered into in terms of the Civil Union Act, are identified by determining the impact thereof and whether or not there are any differences with regard to the estate implications of a traditional marriage.
The Civil Union Act came into effect to give legality to the relationship between homosexual couples by providing the option to conclude a marriage or civil partnership. Both of these institutions thus have the same legal consequences.
According to Section 13 of the Civil Union Act the implications of the Marriage Act also apply to the Civil Union Act. The feasibility of this principle is not taken into account regarding estate implications. Since a marriage and civil partnership in terms of the Civil Union Act differs from a traditional marriage, it leads to uncertainty with regard to the application of this principle. This uncertainty and estate implications are the topic of this study.
The total effect of the Civil Union Act is not discussed in the Civil Union Act, but rather consists of references to other legislation. Consequently the specific estate implications for a marriage or civil partnership, entered into in terms of the Civil Union Act, are discussed with specific focus on marriage regimes, maintenance, purchasing of household necessities, donations and tax benefits. Both the position before and after the Civil Union Act are considered.
Firstly marriage regimes are discussed since it is the first step in identifying estate implications for the marriage or civil partnership. Maintenance is considered a direct result of a marriage and is referred to in many laws. It is therefore necessary to discuss the content of the legislation and whether or not it is compatible with the Civil Union Act. The buying of household necessities, donations and tax benefits has a unique effect on a marriage and the focus in this study is on the effect it has on a marriage and civil partnership entered into in terms of the Civil Union Act. The conclusion is that this research report will provide clarity on what exactly the estate implications are for parties who have married or concluded a civil partnership in terms of the Civil Union Act. / LLM (Estate Law), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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The Israelite conquest : history or myth? : an achaeological evaluation of the Israelite conquest during the periods of Joshua and the JudgesKennedy, Titus Michael 11 1900 (has links)
The thesis examines the archaeological and epigraphic data from Canaan during the Late Bronze Age in order to evaluate the historicity of the Israelite Conquest accounts in the books of Joshua and Judges. The specific sites examined in detail include Jericho, Ai, Hazor, Shechem, and Dan. Additionally, the chronology and setting for the period of the alleged Israelite Conquest is explained through both textual and archaeological sources, and several ancient documentary sources are examined which demonstrate the presence of Israel in Canaan during the Late Bronze Age. The thesis concludes that a vast amount of archaeological evidence indicates that the sites of Jericho, Hazor, Shechem, and Dan were occupied, destroyed, and resettled at the specific times and in the manner consistent with the records from the books of Joshua and Judges, and that ancient documents indicate that the Israelites had appeared in Canaan during the Late Bronze Age. / Old Testament and Ancient Near Eastern Studies / M.A. (Biblical Archaeology)
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David and Solomon : investigating the archaeological evidenceThompson, Lynn 02 1900 (has links)
The historicity of the United Monarchy has recently come under attack. The
biblical 'minimalists' say that a reconstruction of ancient Israel is impossible with the sources
that we have access to, and the glory and wealth of Solomon's empire is mere fiction. They
disregard the Bible as a reliable source, and archaeology because it is mute and open to
interpretation. Some scholars have suggested lowering the traditional dates on certain
archaeological strata, resulting in an entirely different picture of the tenth century BCE.
Other scholars say that the United Monarchy definitely did exist and consider the Bible a valuable
historical source. The evidence for the tenth century and the United Monarchy as shown by the
Hebrew Bible and archaeology is investigated as well as various key sites in Israel. The conclusion
is that the traditional chronology and viewpoint of the United Monarchy still needs to be
respected. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.A. (Biblical Studies)
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A socio-historical analysis of Jewish banditry in first century Palestine 6 to 70 CELincoln, Lawrence Ronald 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil (Dept. of Ancient Studies) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / This thesis sets out to examine, as far as possible within the constraints of a limited study such as this, the nature of the Jewish protest movement against the occupation of their homeland by the Roman Empire in the years after the territory had become a direct province of the Empire. These protests were mainly instigated by and initially led by Jewish peasants who experienced the worst aspects of becoming a part of the larger Roman world.
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Josephus' reasons for the Jewish WarBenson, Derrick 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis I will examine and discuss the reasons given for the Jewish War of AD
66 - 70. Reasons put forward by modern scholars specializing in the study of the
works of Flavius Josephus are examined and discussed. However, the bulk of my
study centres on the reasons that Flavius Josephus supplies for the war as found in his
major work Bellum Judaicum. One is lead to the conclusion that he firmly believes
that reasons on the human and transcendent planes contributed to the catastrophic
events that lead to the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple.
The worldview of this Jewish priest, general and accomplished historiographer was
strongly influenced by the religious tenets of the Torah and the past history of the
Jewish nation. He cannot countenance the wicked and evil deeds committed
shamefacedly by his people against the clear standards that God had given to the
nation, and believes that retribution by God will follow. He cannot forget occasions
on the past when God intervened in the affairs of his nation by using a pagan world
power to accomplish the purposes of God. He sees a similar recurrence of the events
that lead to the destruction of the Jerusalem and the Temple in 587/6 BC being
manifested in the Jewish War of AD 66 - 70. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis word die redes wat vir die Joodse Oorlog van AD 66-70 aangebied
word, ondersoek en bespreek. Veral die redes wat moderne geleerdes wat in die
bestudering van Flavius Josephus se werk spesialiseer, word nagespeur en bespreek.
Die grootste deel van die studie fokus egter op die redes wat Flavius Josephus self vir
die gebeurtenis voorhou, soos wat hy dit in sy belangrike werk, Bellum Judaicum,
uiteensit. 'n Mens kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat hy met groot oortuiging glo dat die
redes wat tot die katastrofiese gebeure rondom die vernietiging van Jerusalem en die
Tempel 'n bydrae gelewer het, op die vlak van sowel die menslike as bomenslike te
vinde is.
Die wêreldbeskouing van hierdie bedrewe geskiedskrywer en Joodse priester is deur
beide die Torah se godsdienstige voorskrifte en volksgeskiedenis sterk beïnvloed. Hy
kan nie sy steun aan die blatante en bose dade van sy volksgenote teen die duidelike
standaarde wat God gegee het, toesê nie. Volgens hom moes God se vergelding volg.
Hy kan ook nie vergeet hoe God in sy volk se verlede ingegryp het deur om goddelose
wêreldmagte aan te wend om sy Goddelike doelwitte te bereik nie. Hy gewaar 'n
soortgelyke herhaling van gebeurtenisse wat tot die vernietiging van Jerusalem en die
tempel in 587/6 vC gelei het, in die aanloop tot die Joodse Oorlog van AD 66-70.
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The role and education of children in Old Testament timesAllen, Shirley May 12 1900 (has links)
On title page: Master of Philosophy in Bible Skills / Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2001 / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Children in the Old Testament world, at first glance, seem to playa very
minor role in the make-up of that society but was this really so? In
researching the role and education there are many questions, which need
answering.
Questions that come to mind are: What role did children play in the tribe,
clan and family? How did children relate to their fathers, mothers and
siblings? What education and training did children receive? When did they
receive it? Was it formal or informal? Did the status and education of
children change from early Israel through to the beginning of New
Testament times? How could children identify with their religion? What did
children contribute to their religion? What legal rights did children have?
How did their situation compare to the children in other countries in the
. Ancient Near East?
In investigating these questions in chapter one it was necessary to
research the social system, which included the complex multigenerational
family. It was also important to look at children in the Old Testament world
from a sociological anthropological stance. As religion and religious
concepts were embedded in the fabric of the Old Testament society it was
important to see which ones influenced the status of children. There was
also a need to investigate how children were protected by the law and how
they were affected by the economy as Israelite society was largely an
agrarian society.
In chapter two when investigating the education of children in the Old
Testament world it was necessary to look at parental responsibility as well
as the role of priests, prophets, sages, scribes and teachers. Wisdom
literature in the Old Testament played an important role in the education of
every child, either formally or informally. Not all of the education was moral
education; much of the instruction that children received was vocational.
The challenge when looking at education is that the evidence is mostly
inferred.
In analysing the role of children in the Old Testament world it becomes
apparent that children play a far greater role and are of higher social
status than it appears at a cursory glance when looking at the patriarchal
society in which they lived. The education of children took place mostly in
the setting of the home on an informal basis. It was only much later that
formal education was introduced and even then the exact beginning of
schools is difficult to pinpoint.
It would be incorrect to attempt to transplant the role of the child in the Old
Testament world into contemporary culture without transplanting the whole
society. It would however be correct to look at the Old Testament child
within the context of the extended family as far as redemptive history and
creation is concerned. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kinders in die Ou Testamentwêreld blyk met die eerste oogopslag In
geringe rol te speel in die samestelling van daardie gemeenskap, maar is
dit werklik so? Met die navorsing van die rol en opvoeding was daar baie
vrae wat beantwoord behoort te word.
Vrae wat opduik is: Watter rol het die kinders gespeel in die stam,
familiegroep en gesin? Wat was die verhouding tussen die kinders en
hulle vaders, moeders, broers en susters? Watter opvoeding en onderrig
het kinders ontvang? Wanneer het hulle dit ontvang? Was dit formeelof
informeel? Het die status en opvoeding van kinders verander van vroeë
Israel deur tot aan di~ begin van Nuwe Testamenttye? Hoe kon die
kinders met hulle geloof identifiseer? Watter bydrae het kinders tot hulle
geloof gelewer? Wat~er wetlike regte het kinders gehad? Hoe het hulle
situasie vergelyk met die kinders in ander lande in die Antieke Nabye-
Ooste?
Deur hierdie vrae in hoofstuk een te ondersoek was dit nodig om die ,.
maatskaplike stelsel te ondersoek, wat die komplekse veelvuldige geslagfamilie
ingesluit het. Dit was ook belangrik om na kinders in die Ou
Testamentwêreld vanuit In sosiologiese antropologiese oogpunt te kyk.
Aangesien godsdiens en godsdienstige konsepte ingebed was in die wese
van die Ou Testamentiese samelewing, was dit belangrik om te sien
watter die status van kinders beïnvloed het. Dit was ook nodig om te
ondersoek hoe kinders deur die wet beskerm is en hulle beïnvloed is deur
die ekonomie aangesien die samelewing in Israel hoofsaaklik In landelike
gemeenskap was.
In hoofstuk twee met die ondersoek van die opvoeding van kinders in die
wêreld van die Ou Testament was dit nodig om te kyk na ouerlike
verantwoordelikheid sowel as die rol van priesters, profete, wysgere,
skrifgeleerdes en leermeesters/onderwysers. Wysheidsliteratuur in die Ou
Testament het In belangrike rol gespeel in die opvoeding van elke kind,
hetsy formeelof informeel. Die opvoeding was nie alles morele opvoeding nie; 'n groot gedeelte van die onderrig wat kinders ontvang het was
beroepsgerig. Die uitdaging wanneer na die opvoeding gekyk word, is dat
die meeste bewyse hoofsaaklik afgeleide bewyse is.
Wanneer die rol van kinders in die Ou Testamentwêreld geanaliseer word,
word dit duidelik dat kinders 'n baie groter rol gespeel het, en 'n hoër
maatskaplike aansien geniet het as wat 'n bloot tersaaklike blik op die
patriargale samelewing waarin hulle gewoon het, aantoon. Die opvoeding
wat kinders ontvang het, het hoofsaaklik in die konteks van die huis, en op
fn informele basis plaasgevind. Dit was eers baie later dat formele
opvoeding bekendgestel is en die presiese begin van skole is ook moeilik
om vas te stel.
Dit sou nie korrek wees om te probeer om die rol van die kind in die Ou
Testament oor te plaas in die wêreld van die kontemporêre kultuur sonder
om die hele samelewing ook oor te plaas nie. Die sou egter korrek wees
om na die Ou Testament kind te kyk binne die konteks van die uitgebreide
gesin wat verlossingsgeskiedenis en die skepping aan betref.
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The impact of a change in political constitution on early Palestinian Judaism during the period 175-161 B.C.E.Molyneaux, M. E. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study looks at a watershed period in the history of Judaism. In 175 B.C.E. a group of
Jews sought to break Judaea out of the isolation in which it had stood since the Persian
period. They wished to develop closer ties with their neighbours in Coele-Syria and
Phoenicia and the Greek world in general. Since the Persian period the people of Judaea
had been governed by high priests according to the 'ancestral laws' i.e. the Torah and its
interpretation by Ezra. This 'ancestral law' had been confirmed as binding on all Jews by
Antiochus III in his decree of 198 B.C.E. In order to move beyond the restrictions placed
on contact between Jews and other peoples, it would be necessary to have the political
status of Judaea changed. A change of political status could only be brought about by the
king or one of his successors.
In 175 B.C.E. a group of Jews requested Antiochus IV to permit them to
transform Judaea from an ethnos into a polis. He agreed and the transformation was
begun. It is these events of 175 B.C.E. that form the base of this study. The writer uses
the model of Cultural Anthropology to form a framework in which these and subsequent
events can be analysed. In this way we can get a better understanding of how events
progressed. How a political reform ended in a religious suppression and persecution and
finally a successful revolt against the Seleucid kingdom.
The Torah and its interpretation stood at the center of Jewish life. Each group
interpreted the law in their own way and understood events in relation to this
interpretation. Therefore no analysis of this period can be undertaken without taking the
law and its various interpretations into account. The law is the thread that holds all facets
of this work together. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie handeloor 'n tydperk van waterskeiding in die geskiedenis van die
Judaïsme. In 175 ve. wou 'n groep Jode in Palestina wegbreek uit die isolasie waarin
hulle hulleself bevind het sedert die oorname deur die Persiese ryk. Hulle wou graag
nouer bande met hulle buurstate en die Griekse wêreld aanknoop. Sedert die Persiese
tydperk is die mense van Juda deur hëepriesters regeer, volgens die 'voorvaderlike
wette', dws die Torah en sy vertolking volgens Esra. Alle Jode was gebind deur hierdie
'voorvaderlike wette' deur Antiogus III se dekreet van 198 ve. Indien die mense die
beperkings teen kontak met ander volke sou wou ophef, sou dit nodig wees om die
politieke status van Juda te verander. Net die koning of een van sy opvolgers kon die
politieke status van Juda verander.
In 175 ve. word Antiogus IV deur 'n groep Jode gevra om verlof om Jerusalem in
'n Griekse polis te omskep. Hy het ingestem en die omskepping het begin. Hierdie
gebeurtenisse van 175 ve. vorm die basis van hierdie studie. Die skrywer gebruik die
kutuur-antropologiese teoretiese model as raamwerk vir die ontleding van hierdie en
opvolgende gebeurtenisse. Hierdie model stelons in staat om die ontwikkelinge in Juda
beter te verstaan en meer spesifiek 'n antwoord op die volgende vraag te kry: "Hoekom
het politieke hervorming tot godsdienstige verdrukking en vervolging aanleiding gegee
en in die finale instansie tot 'n suksesvolle opstand teen die Seleukied koninkryk gelei?"
Die Torah en sy vertolking het die sentrum van die Joodse lewe gevorm. Elke
groep in Juda het die 'wet' op sy eie manier vertolk en ontwikkelinge in verband daarmee
probeer verstaan. Daarom is dit nie moontlik om hierdie tydperk te bestudeer sonder 'n
erkenning van die waarde van die 'wet' en sy verskillende vertolkings nie. Die 'wet' is
die goue draad wat hierdie studie byeen hou.
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