O imediatismo relacionado a troca de informações é uma realidade enfrentada pela população dos tempos modernos e o uso de sistemas de mensagens instantâneas móveis (MIM) é indispensável para que a comunicação aconteça da forma esperada. Atualmente a maioria da população mundial utiliza de sistemas MIM como meio de comunicação rápida e muitas vezes gratuita, com a finalidade de auxiliar a comunicação no ambiente de trabalho, troca de informações gerais e também como um meio de entretenimento. Devido a sua importância e eficácia é que diversas pesquisas buscam entender os fatores que determinam a adoção e o uso desses sistemas. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar por meio da percepção de estudantes do ensino superior, os fatores que afetam o uso dos serviços de mensagens instantâneas móveis. Para alcançar este objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa survey com 1.386 estudantes de quatro instituições de ensino superior. Após a coleta foi realizada a modelagem das equações estruturais com o uso do software SmartPLS 2.0 para o cálculo dos mínimos quadrados parciais (Partial Least Squares - PLS), além do uso do Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) para a análise descritiva dos dados. Esta pesquisa obteve como resultado que o construto Qualidade do serviço influencia positivamente na Confirmação, bem como a Confirmação tem relação positiva com a Utilidade percebida, Prazer percebido, Interface do usuário e Segurança percebida. Prazer percebido e Interface do usuário tem relação positiva com a Satisfação e as relações entre Satisfação, Utilidade percebida e Prazer percebido influenciam positivamente na Intenção de continuidade de uso do sistema WhatsApp. Identificou-se que, no contexto desta pesquisa, o prazer e a satisfação atuam como fatores que influenciam diretamente na intenção de continuidade de uso do sistema WhatsApp, seguidos pela Utilidade, o que faz o uso deste sistema ser mais intuitivo do que prático. / Immediacy related to the exchange of information is a reality faced by the population of modern times and the use of mobile instant messaging (MIM) is indispensable for the communication to happen as expected. Today the majority of the world's population uses MIM systems as a fast and often free medium for the purpose of helping communication in the workplace, exchange of general information and also as a means of entertainment. Due to its importance and effectiveness, several studies seek to understand the factors that determine the adoption and use of these systems. This research aims to evaluate, through the perception of students of higher education, the factors that affect the use of mobile instant messaging services. To achieve this goal, a survey was conducted with 1,386 students from four higher education institutions. After the collection, the modeling of the structural equations was performed using the SmartPLS 2.0 software for the calculation of the partial least squares (PLS), besides the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for the descriptive analysis of the data. This research has as a result that the Quality of Service construct positively influences Confirmation, as well as Confirmation has positive relation with Perceived Utility, Perceived Pleasure, User Interface and Perceived Security. Perceived pleasure and user interface has a positive relationship with satisfaction and the relationship between satisfaction, perceived utility and perceived enjoyment positively influences the intention to use the WhatsApp system. It was identified that, in the context of this research, pleasure and satisfaction act as factors that directly influence the intention to use WhatsApp system, followed by Utility, which makes the use of this system more intuitive than practical.

Historically, progress in technology development has continually created new opportunities for criminal activities which, in turn, have triggered the need for the development of new security-sensitive systems. Organisations are now adopting mobile technologies for numerous applications to capitalise on the mobile revolution. They are now able to increase their operational efficiency as well as responsiveness and competitiveness and, most importantly, can now meet new, growing customers’ demands. However, although mobile technologies and applications present many new opportunities, they also present challenges. Threats to mobile phone applications are always on the rise and, therefore, compel organisations to invest money and time, among other technical controls, in an attempt to protect them from incurring losses. The computerisation of core activities (such as mobile banking in the banking industry, for example) has effectively exposed organisations to a host of complex fraud challenges that they have to deal with in addition to their core business of providing services to their end consumers. Fraudsters are able to use mobile devices to remotely access enterprise applications and subsequently perform fraudulent transactions. When this occurs, it is important to effectively investigate and manage the cause and findings, as well as to prevent any future similar attacks. Unfortunately, clients and consumers of these organisations are often ignorant of the risks to their assets and the consequences of the compromises that might occur. Organisations are therefore obliged, at least, to put in place measures that will not only minimise fraud but also be capable of detecting and preventing further similar incidents. The goal of this research was to develop a unified fraud management and digital forensic framework to improve the security of Information Technology (IT) processes and operations in organisations that make available mobile phone applications to their clients for business purposes. The research was motivated not only by the increasing reliance of organisations on mobile applications to service their customers but also by the fact that digital forensics and fraud management are often considered to be separate entities at an organisational level. This study proposes a unified approach to fraud management and digital forensic analysis to simultaneously manage and investigate fraud that occurs through the use of mobile phone applications. The unified Fraud Management and Digital Forensic (FMDF) framework is designed to (a) determine the suspicious degree of fraudulent transactions and (b) at the same time, to feed into a process that facilitates the investigation of incidents. A survey was conducted with subject matter experts in the banking environment. Data was generated through a participatory self-administered online questionnaire. Collected data was then presented, analysed and interpreted quantitatively and qualitatively. The study found that there was a general understanding of the common fraud management methodologies and approaches throughout the banking industry and the use thereof. However, while many of the respondents indicated that fraud detection was an integral part of their processes, they take a rather reactive approach when it comes to fraud management and digital forensics. Part of the reason for the reactive approach is that many investigations are conducted in silos, with no central knowledge repository where previous cases can be retrieved for comparative purposes. Therefore, confidentiality, integrity and availability of data are critical for continued business operations. To mitigate the pending risks, the study proposed a new way of thinking that combines both components of fraud management and digital forensics for an optimised approach to managing security in mobile applications. The research concluded that the unified FMDF approach was considered to be helpful and valuable to professionals who participated in the survey. Although the case study focused on the banking industry, the study appears to be instrumental in informing other types of organisations that make available the use of mobile applications for their clients in fraud risk awareness and risk management in general. / Computing / M. Sc. (Computing)

Esta tese descreve métodos interativos para estimar e compensar erros de refração (NETRA) e opacidades ópticas (CATRA) em sistemas de imageamento usando telas de campos de luz programáveis, de alta resolução e alto contraste. Os novos métodos para oftalmologia computacional descritos aqui podem avaliar câmeras e olhos se o usuário do sistema estiver consciente do modelo de interação. A solução combina elementos ópticos baratos, interfaces interativas e reconstrução computacional. Uma tela de campos de luz, posicionada perto do olho, cria objetos virtuais em profundidades pré-definidas através de várias seções do olho. Via esta plataforma, cria-se uma nova gama de aplicações interativas que é extremamente sensível a aberrações ópticas. A capacidade de focar em um objeto virtual, alinhar padrões exibidos na tela e detectar suas variações de forma e brilho permite ao sistema estimar a função de propagação de ponto de luz para o olho e a acomodação da lente. Enquanto os sistemas convencionais requerem formação especializada, dispositivos caros, procedimentos de segurança sensíveis e normalmente não são móveis, esta tese simplifica o mecanismo, colocando o paciente no centro do teste. Ao final, a resposta do usuário calcula a condição de refração em termos de poderes esférico e cilíndrico, o eixo de astigmatismo, o poder de acomodação da lente e mapas para a opacidade, atenuação, contraste e função de espalhamento de um ponto de luz. O objetivo é permitir que o público em geral opere um sistema de iluminação portátil e obtenha uma compreensão de suas próprias condições visuais. Esta tese apresenta projetos ópticos para software e hardware para oftalmologia computacional. Avaliações com usuários e com câmeras com lentes modificadas são realizadas. Os dados compilados são usados para reconstruir visão afetada do indivíduo, oferecendo uma nova abordagem para capturar informações para o rastreio, diagnóstico e análises clínicas de anomalias visuais. / This thesis proposes light-field pre-warping methods for measuring and compensating for optical aberrations in focal imaging systems. Interactive methods estimate refractive conditions (NETRA) and model lens opacities (CATRA) of interaction-aware eyes and cameras using cost-efficient hardware apps for high-resolution screens. Tailored displays use stereo-viewing hardware to compensate for the measured visual aberrations and display in-focus information that avoids the need of corrective eyeglasses. A light-field display, positioned very close to the eye, creates virtual objects in a wide range of predefined depths through different sectors of the eye’s aperture. This platform creates a new range of interactivity that is extremely sensitive to spatially-distributed optical aberrations. The ability to focus on virtual objects, interactively align displayed patterns, and detect variations in shape and brightness allows the estimation of the eye’s point spread function and its lens’ accommodation range. While conventional systems require specialized training, costly devices, strict security procedures, and are usually not mobile, this thesis simplifies the mechanism by putting the human subject in the loop. Captured data is transformed into refractive conditions in terms of spherical and cylindrical powers, axis of astigmatism, focal range and aperture maps for opacity, attenuation, contrast and sub-aperture point-spread functions. These optical widgets carefully designed to interactive interfaces plus computational analysis and reconstruction establish the field of computational ophthalmology. The overall goal is to allow a general audience to operate portable light-field displays to gain a meaningful understanding of their own visual conditions. Ubiquitous, updated, and accurate diagnostic records can make private and public displays show information in a resolution that goes beyond the viewer’s visual acuity. The new display technology is able to compensate for refractive errors and avoid light-scattering paths. Tailored Displays free the viewer from needing wearable optical corrections when looking at it, expanding the notion of glasses-free multi-focus displays to add individual variabilities. This thesis includes proof-of-concept designs for ophthalmatic devices and tailored displays. User evaluations and validations with modified camera optics are performed. Capturing the daily variabilities of an individual’s sensory system is expected to unleash a new era of high-quality tailored consumer devices.

Från och med höstterminen 2018 är programmering en del av kursplanen i matematik, och har då placerats under det centrala innehållet för algebra. Trots att det inte är obligatoriskt förrän höstterminen har lärare redan börjat undervisa i programmering, och appar är då en populär lärresurs. Hur väl stämmer apparna för programmering överens med kursplanen i matematik, och hur väl lämpar de sig för undervisning på lågstadiet? Med utgångspunkt i dessa frågor gjordes en analys av 14 programmeringsappar som riktar sig till lågstadieåldrarna, 6-10 år. Studien är en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med en analysmodell som baserats på kursplanen i matematik, teorier om pre-algebra samt kriterier som lärare anser viktiga för en bra app. Studien visar att apparnas lämplighet för matematikundervisning varierar, men att det är de appar som är utformade som spel som stämmer bäst överens med kursplanen i matematik. Det är också dessa appar som har en pedagogisk utformning som lämpar sig bäst för undervisning på lågstadiet. Resultatet av studien ifrågasätter dock valet att placera programmering under algebra i läroplanen, då kopplingen däremellan inte är helt tydlig. / Starting in the fall of 2018, programming is a part of the Swedish curriculum for mathematics and has been placed under the core content for algebra. Even though it is not obligatory until the fall, some teachers have already started teaching about programming using apps as a digital learning resource. How well do the programming apps fit with the curriculum for mathematics, and how suitable are they to be used in primary school education? With these questions in mind an analysis was made of 14 programming apps for children 6-10 years old. The study is a qualitative content analysis with an analysis model based on the curriculum for mathematics, theories about pre-algebra and criteria that teachers believe to be important in the choice of a good app. The study shows that the apps’ suitability for mathematics education vary, but it is the apps that are designed as games that fit best with the curriculum for mathematics. These apps also have the pedagogical design that suits best for primary school education. The study’s results question the choice of placing programming under algebra in the curriculum, since the connection between the areas is not quite clear.

Den psykiska ohälsan ökar internationellt och även i Sverige, samtidigt rapporteras den psykiatriska vården vara bristfällig på grund av sin låga tillgänglighet. Ett sätt att öka tillgängligheten av vården kan vara genom en smartphone-applikation. Men oavsett hur effektiv en app är, så tillför den ingenting om den inte används. Syftet med denna studie är därmed att utreda attityder till denna typ av digitalisering samt undersöka vilka appfunktioner som skulle möta psykiatripatienters behov. Studien baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer med personer som fått vård vid psykiatrin vid Akademiska sjukhuset i Uppsala och vi analyserar sedan empirimaterialet utifrån det teoretiska ramverket Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Studiens resultat visar på att samtliga av de deltagande psykiatripatienterna har överlag positiva attityder till konceptet att använda appar vid vård av psykisk ohälsa. De positiva attityderna grundar sig dock på förutsättningen att en sådan app ska utgöra ett komplement till den psykiatriska vård som finns idag. Slutligen presenterar studien även att det tyder på att de funktioner som lämpar sig väl för att möta psykiatripatienters behov är sådana som tillgängliggör psykiatrin genom att förmedla information snarare än att erbjuda behandling genom mobilapplikationen. / Mental illness is increasing, both globally and in Sweden. Meanwhile it is reported that the psychiatric care is inadequate because of its low availability. A solution to this problem is to increase the availability of care through a smartphone application. But no matter how effective an app might be, it will not solve anything if it is not used. The purpose of this study is therefore to investigate attitudes towards this kind of digitalization and to examine what kind of app functions that can meet patients needs. The study is based on qualitative interviews with persons that have received care from the psychiatry at Akademiska sjukhuset in Uppsala, Sweden. Furthermore, we analyze the empirical material by using the theoretical framework Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The results show that all of the participating patients generally have positive attitudes towards the concept of using apps for mental health care. Although, these positive attitudes require that a mental health app should be complementary to the psychiatric care available today, not replace it. Finally, the study also suggests that application functions that are well suited to meet the needs of the patients are those who make the mental health care more available by providing information rather than offering treatment through the application.

Esta tese descreve métodos interativos para estimar e compensar erros de refração (NETRA) e opacidades ópticas (CATRA) em sistemas de imageamento usando telas de campos de luz programáveis, de alta resolução e alto contraste. Os novos métodos para oftalmologia computacional descritos aqui podem avaliar câmeras e olhos se o usuário do sistema estiver consciente do modelo de interação. A solução combina elementos ópticos baratos, interfaces interativas e reconstrução computacional. Uma tela de campos de luz, posicionada perto do olho, cria objetos virtuais em profundidades pré-definidas através de várias seções do olho. Via esta plataforma, cria-se uma nova gama de aplicações interativas que é extremamente sensível a aberrações ópticas. A capacidade de focar em um objeto virtual, alinhar padrões exibidos na tela e detectar suas variações de forma e brilho permite ao sistema estimar a função de propagação de ponto de luz para o olho e a acomodação da lente. Enquanto os sistemas convencionais requerem formação especializada, dispositivos caros, procedimentos de segurança sensíveis e normalmente não são móveis, esta tese simplifica o mecanismo, colocando o paciente no centro do teste. Ao final, a resposta do usuário calcula a condição de refração em termos de poderes esférico e cilíndrico, o eixo de astigmatismo, o poder de acomodação da lente e mapas para a opacidade, atenuação, contraste e função de espalhamento de um ponto de luz. O objetivo é permitir que o público em geral opere um sistema de iluminação portátil e obtenha uma compreensão de suas próprias condições visuais. Esta tese apresenta projetos ópticos para software e hardware para oftalmologia computacional. Avaliações com usuários e com câmeras com lentes modificadas são realizadas. Os dados compilados são usados para reconstruir visão afetada do indivíduo, oferecendo uma nova abordagem para capturar informações para o rastreio, diagnóstico e análises clínicas de anomalias visuais. / This thesis proposes light-field pre-warping methods for measuring and compensating for optical aberrations in focal imaging systems. Interactive methods estimate refractive conditions (NETRA) and model lens opacities (CATRA) of interaction-aware eyes and cameras using cost-efficient hardware apps for high-resolution screens. Tailored displays use stereo-viewing hardware to compensate for the measured visual aberrations and display in-focus information that avoids the need of corrective eyeglasses. A light-field display, positioned very close to the eye, creates virtual objects in a wide range of predefined depths through different sectors of the eye’s aperture. This platform creates a new range of interactivity that is extremely sensitive to spatially-distributed optical aberrations. The ability to focus on virtual objects, interactively align displayed patterns, and detect variations in shape and brightness allows the estimation of the eye’s point spread function and its lens’ accommodation range. While conventional systems require specialized training, costly devices, strict security procedures, and are usually not mobile, this thesis simplifies the mechanism by putting the human subject in the loop. Captured data is transformed into refractive conditions in terms of spherical and cylindrical powers, axis of astigmatism, focal range and aperture maps for opacity, attenuation, contrast and sub-aperture point-spread functions. These optical widgets carefully designed to interactive interfaces plus computational analysis and reconstruction establish the field of computational ophthalmology. The overall goal is to allow a general audience to operate portable light-field displays to gain a meaningful understanding of their own visual conditions. Ubiquitous, updated, and accurate diagnostic records can make private and public displays show information in a resolution that goes beyond the viewer’s visual acuity. The new display technology is able to compensate for refractive errors and avoid light-scattering paths. Tailored Displays free the viewer from needing wearable optical corrections when looking at it, expanding the notion of glasses-free multi-focus displays to add individual variabilities. This thesis includes proof-of-concept designs for ophthalmatic devices and tailored displays. User evaluations and validations with modified camera optics are performed. Capturing the daily variabilities of an individual’s sensory system is expected to unleash a new era of high-quality tailored consumer devices.

Despite being explored and constantly improved through the years, onboarding of new hires in corporate organizations has remained a challenge. Many of the issues can be linked to a lack of communication between the organization and the new employee, as well as the common nature of these environments where information is spread across job titles and sources. This thesis discusses the feasibility of implementing a basic chatbot that will allow new hires to ask questions and request varied information at all times, using an interface such as a messaging app. This research explores the way chatbots should be designed in order to be effective, reliable and enjoyable from a user experience perspective. The chatbot was developed using the Chatfuel platform and tested by new employees at a corporate environment. The users were requested to explore the chatbot freely and then asked to answer a survey. The interactions were also recorded and analyzed from in both qualitative and quantitative ways (chat logs and analytics). The study proves that an onboarding chatbot is a useful tool for new hires and can be used as a communication facilitator between the organization and the new hires during the first weeks of employment, and also after that, serving as an information source and a broadcasting method. The chatbot gives the new hires an accessible source of information that helps on the process of getting to speed, and enables a positive experience that increases familiarity in the new workplace.

Esta tese descreve métodos interativos para estimar e compensar erros de refração (NETRA) e opacidades ópticas (CATRA) em sistemas de imageamento usando telas de campos de luz programáveis, de alta resolução e alto contraste. Os novos métodos para oftalmologia computacional descritos aqui podem avaliar câmeras e olhos se o usuário do sistema estiver consciente do modelo de interação. A solução combina elementos ópticos baratos, interfaces interativas e reconstrução computacional. Uma tela de campos de luz, posicionada perto do olho, cria objetos virtuais em profundidades pré-definidas através de várias seções do olho. Via esta plataforma, cria-se uma nova gama de aplicações interativas que é extremamente sensível a aberrações ópticas. A capacidade de focar em um objeto virtual, alinhar padrões exibidos na tela e detectar suas variações de forma e brilho permite ao sistema estimar a função de propagação de ponto de luz para o olho e a acomodação da lente. Enquanto os sistemas convencionais requerem formação especializada, dispositivos caros, procedimentos de segurança sensíveis e normalmente não são móveis, esta tese simplifica o mecanismo, colocando o paciente no centro do teste. Ao final, a resposta do usuário calcula a condição de refração em termos de poderes esférico e cilíndrico, o eixo de astigmatismo, o poder de acomodação da lente e mapas para a opacidade, atenuação, contraste e função de espalhamento de um ponto de luz. O objetivo é permitir que o público em geral opere um sistema de iluminação portátil e obtenha uma compreensão de suas próprias condições visuais. Esta tese apresenta projetos ópticos para software e hardware para oftalmologia computacional. Avaliações com usuários e com câmeras com lentes modificadas são realizadas. Os dados compilados são usados para reconstruir visão afetada do indivíduo, oferecendo uma nova abordagem para capturar informações para o rastreio, diagnóstico e análises clínicas de anomalias visuais. / This thesis proposes light-field pre-warping methods for measuring and compensating for optical aberrations in focal imaging systems. Interactive methods estimate refractive conditions (NETRA) and model lens opacities (CATRA) of interaction-aware eyes and cameras using cost-efficient hardware apps for high-resolution screens. Tailored displays use stereo-viewing hardware to compensate for the measured visual aberrations and display in-focus information that avoids the need of corrective eyeglasses. A light-field display, positioned very close to the eye, creates virtual objects in a wide range of predefined depths through different sectors of the eye’s aperture. This platform creates a new range of interactivity that is extremely sensitive to spatially-distributed optical aberrations. The ability to focus on virtual objects, interactively align displayed patterns, and detect variations in shape and brightness allows the estimation of the eye’s point spread function and its lens’ accommodation range. While conventional systems require specialized training, costly devices, strict security procedures, and are usually not mobile, this thesis simplifies the mechanism by putting the human subject in the loop. Captured data is transformed into refractive conditions in terms of spherical and cylindrical powers, axis of astigmatism, focal range and aperture maps for opacity, attenuation, contrast and sub-aperture point-spread functions. These optical widgets carefully designed to interactive interfaces plus computational analysis and reconstruction establish the field of computational ophthalmology. The overall goal is to allow a general audience to operate portable light-field displays to gain a meaningful understanding of their own visual conditions. Ubiquitous, updated, and accurate diagnostic records can make private and public displays show information in a resolution that goes beyond the viewer’s visual acuity. The new display technology is able to compensate for refractive errors and avoid light-scattering paths. Tailored Displays free the viewer from needing wearable optical corrections when looking at it, expanding the notion of glasses-free multi-focus displays to add individual variabilities. This thesis includes proof-of-concept designs for ophthalmatic devices and tailored displays. User evaluations and validations with modified camera optics are performed. Capturing the daily variabilities of an individual’s sensory system is expected to unleash a new era of high-quality tailored consumer devices.

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Escobar.pdf: 2723150 bytes, checksum: 491fd6b097fc2aa1df784a9e03eb0899 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-14T20:16:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação - Flávio B. Escobar.pdf: 2723150 bytes, checksum: 491fd6b097fc2aa1df784a9e03eb0899 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-03 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The ecological corridors are management and conservation practices aimed at the protection and integrity of the environment and their interconnections, studies on this topic are relevant and need to be investigated, therefore the objective of this study was first to analyze at the local floristic and microclimate a Dense forest, human intervention free and on a regional scale assessment of areas for ecological corridors aimed connectivity of protected areas and conservation of these environments. The survey was conducted in the Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke and analysis included adjacent the region. To evaluate the floristic method used was multiple plots allocated 20 plots 10x100m2 totaling 20,000m2 (2ha), distanced by 20 meters, amostram to all individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm. They found 848 individuals in 206 species representing 112 genera and 40 botanical families. The families had greater importance values were Sapotaceae, Lecythidaceae and Fabaceae and the most representative species were Virola pavonis (A.DC.) ACSm, Pouteria rostrata Huber, Eschweilera coriacea Chanderb and Eschweilera truncata AC Sm. The diversity index Shannon- Waver was considered high with a value of 4.8, but according to other studies in the Amazon, the evenness index of evenness was 0.92 indicating high uniformity. The study area had low similarity, but with high heterogeneity. The curve kind area grew steadily, but without stabilization and the vertical structure was a mid-upper stratum of the forest. The microclimate conditions (temperature and humidity) had typical characteristics of tropical rainforest, had no abrupt changes in ambient conditions, indicating a positive influence on forest biodiversity. The study area is in the process of fragmentation and loss of green areas. The areas obtained with potential for ecological corridors correspond mainly by the conditions of use and occupation of land, indicating that the areas with the most potential are those near the dense green areas and undergrowth and waterways with the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs). / Os corredores ecológicos são unidades territoriais de gestão e conservação que visam à proteção e integridade do ambiente e suas interligações. Estudos sobre esse tema são relevantes e precisam serem investigados, por essa razão o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar primeiramente em escala local as características florísticas e microclimáticas de uma floresta Ombrófila Densa, livre de intervenção antrópica e em escala regional avaliação de áreas para corredores ecológicos visando a conectividade de áreas protegidas e conservação desses ambientes. A pesquisa foi realizada na Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke e a análise compreendeu adjacências da região. Para avaliação florística o método utilizado foi parcelas múltiplas, alocadas em 20 parcelas de 10x100m2, totalizando 20.000m2 (2ha), distanciadas por 20 metros, amostraram-se todos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 10 cm. Foram encontrados 848 indivíduos distribuídos em 206 espécies, representando 112 gêneros e 40 famílias botânicas. As famílias que obtiveram maiores valores de importância foram Sapotaceae, Lecythidaceae e Fabaceae e as espécies mais representativas foram Virola pavonis (A.DC.) A.C.Sm, Pouteria rostrata Huber, Eschweilera coriacea Chanderb e Eschweilera truncata A.C. Sm. O índice de diversidade Shannon-Waver foi considerado alto com valor de 4.8, entretanto de acordo com outros estudos na Amazônia, o índice de equabilidade de Pielou foi de 0.92 indicando elevada uniformidade. A área de estudo teve baixa similaridade, mas com alta heterogeneidade. A curva espécie área teve crescimento constante, mas sem estabilização e a estrutura vertical foi de uma floresta de estrato superior médio. As condições microclimáticas (temperatura e umidade) tiveram características típica de floresta tropical úmida, não teve variações bruscas das condições ambiente, sugerindo uma influência positiva na biodiversidade da floresta. A região de estudo encontra-se em processo de fragmentação e perda de áreas verdes. As áreas obtidas com potencialidades para corredores ecológicos correspondem principalmente pelas condições do uso e ocupação do solo, indicando que as áreas com mais potencialidades são aquelas próximas as áreas verdes densas e rasteiras e cursos d'água com as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs).

Este trabalho analisa as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) contíguas aos corpos d\'água urbanos como um recurso para a configuração do sistema de espaços livres das cidades brasileiras. Muito embora sua função específica - conforme estabelecido pelo Código Florestal Brasileiro (Lei n° 12.651/2012) - seja proteger recursos hídricos e ecossistemas associados, as APP se consolida, neste início de século XXI, como um importante parâmetro para o planejamento e gestão de orlas fluviais situadas em áreas urbanas, sendo incorporada as políticas de ordenamento do solo e provisão de espaços livres públicos, e estruturando uma série de ações urbanísticas e paisagísticas contemporâneas que se multiplicam pelo país e criam novas formas de aproximação entre as cidades e os seus rios. A espeito dos avanços proporcionados pela lei na proteção dos recursos ambientais existentes nas cidades, a problemática socioambiental e urbanística vinculada a essas áreas exige abordagens menos conservacionistas e mais abrangentes no sentido de considerar as múltiplas funções desempenhadas por essas áreas na complexa e diversa realidade urbana. Entre os diversos caminhos possíveis para esta discussão, o presente trabalho propõe uma abordagem morfológica para avaliar as relações entre as orlas fluviais e as áreas urbanas, e identificar as impressões que a lei produz sobre os espaços livres e suas formas de uso e apropriação. A primeira parte do trabalho se dedica a conceituar a orla fluvial como parte de um sistema urbano e a traçar um panorama sobre os conceitos de planejamento e projetos adotados para o tratamento dessas áreas, destacando um conjunto de ações contemporâneas realizadas no Brasil e no mundo. Na segunda parte, o trabalho avalia a influência da lei sobre a conformação do sistema de espaços livres em diferentes cidades brasileiras, por meio da análise de padrões morfológicos que permitem identificar limitações, conflitos e pontos der aderência da lei ao contexto urbano. Na conclusão, são apresentadas as considerações finais e um panorama sobre os padrões analisados no trabalho, os quais podem servir de referencial metodológico para a formulação de políticas públicas e ações urbanísticas adequadas para uma melhor integração das orlas fluviais às cidades. / This work analyses the Permanet Preservation Areas (APP) adjacent to urban waterbodies as a resort to the conformation of Brazilian cities open spaces system. Although its specific function - as established by the Brazilian Forest Code (Law n. 12.651/2012) - is to protect water resources and associated ecosystems, the APP consolidates itself, in this beginning of the XXI century, as an important parameter to the planning and management of river shores located in urban areas, being incorporated to land management and provision of public open spaces policies, structuring a series of urban and landscape contemporary actions that multiplies throughout the country and create new forms of interface between the cities and its rivers. Despite the advances brought by the law to the protection of cities existing environmental resources, the socio-environmental and urban problems associated to these areas demand less conservationist and more broadening approaches in a way that considers the multiple functions played by these areas in the complex and diverse urban reality. Among the numerous possible ways to this discussion, the present work puts forward a morphological approach to evaluate the relations between river shores and urban areas and identify the fingerprints that the law produces onto the open spaces systems and its forms of use and appropriation. The first part of this work is dedicated to conceptualizing the fluvial shores as a part of an urban system andoutlining an overview on the concepts of planning and design adopted in the treatment of these areas, highlighting a set of ontemporary actions undertaken in Brazil and in the world. In its second part, the work evaluates the influence of the law in the conformation of open spaces system in different Brazilian cities through the analysis of morphological patterns that enables the identification of limitations, conflicts and points of agreement between the law and the urban context. At the conclusion, the final considerations are presented along with a summary table of the analysis criteria adopted in the work, which can serve as methodological benchmarks to the formulation of adequate urban policies and urban actions to a better integration of river shores to the cities.