Climate change is a critical sustainable development issue with implications for the environment, economies and society as we know it. The problem of climate change is caused by some countries in parts of the world that has a direct effect on people and natural resources in other parts of the world. Climate change is the effect of increased production of Greenhouse gases (GHGs). Due to the vast complexity of the climate change regime the study does not attempt to be comprehensive or conclusive. The aim of the study is to critically evaluate and determine the purpose, enforceability, legal nature, shortcomings and strengths of the non-binding Copenhagen Accord and how the international climate change regime will evolve after the Copenhagen Accord. The study starts with a brief explanation of the international climate change regime and its development, including international environmental law principles, specifically the common but differentiated responsibility principle. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has the ultimate objective to achieve the stabilisation of GHG concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The Conference of the Parties (COPs) is the ultimate decision-making and supreme body of the UNFCCC and is authorised to make and implement decisions to promote the implementation of the UNFCCC, it further has the power to adopt new protocols under the UNFCCC and plays a substantial role in the development of new obligations by the parties to the convention. Various COPs, their respective adopted decisions and resolutions which played an important role in the development of the climate change regime are discussed. This includes COP 1 that lead to the Berlin Mandate; COP 3 and the Kyoto Protocol; COP 7 and the Marrakech Accords; COP 11 that marked the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol; COP 13 and the Bali Action Plan. COP 15 in Copenhagen was internationally expected and intended to be the breakthrough in addressing the post 2012 period. As is evident from the content of this study the result of COP 15 at Copenhagen means different challenges for different countries and the “bottom up” architecture of the accord could help encourage and reinforce national actions. An overview of the effect of the Copenhagen Accord on the climate change regime, with specific reference to COP 16 in Cancun, is then done. The “bottom up” architecture of the Copenhagen Accord was brought into the official UNFCCC process by the Cancun Agreements that were reached at COP 16. The study mostly comprised of a literature study, which reviewed the relevant international environmental law dealing with climate change, taking into account customary international law; international treaties and conventions; government documents, policies and reports; textbooks and academic journals as well as electronic material obtained from various internet sources. / Thesis (LLM (Environmental Law and Governance))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

Influenza is a highly contagious viral disease with epidemic and pandemic spread of the character, which annually affects 10% of the world's population, in the course of a pandemic even 40-50%. The originator of the disease is a virus that is present as a type A, type B or type C. Source of infection is the man to transfer air or contaminated objects. Susceptibility is widespread. The disease predominantly affects the respiratory tract, has a sudden beginning and manifests itself primarily with fever, chills, muscle pain, joint pain and headache. The most common complication is inflammation of the lungs. In the diagnosis are rapid tests for the detection of the Antigen. Treatment is symptomatic, antivirals are available the type of neuraminidase inhibitors M2, which easily gives rise to a resistance of influenza virus. The basis for the prevention of influenza is annual vaccination, which dramatically reduces the risk of hospitalization and death, especially among the elderly and the chronically ill. Coverage in our population is low, and that despite the fact that the flu is the cause of the deaths of thousands of people around the world. A year in the Czech Republic will die according to qualified estimates the flu one to two thousand people. Due to the possible prevention of influenza, it is important to disseminate information on the possibilities of prevention by vaccination and educate the general public about the seriousness of this disease. Diploma thesis discusses influenza disease as such and on the issue of vaccination against influenza among the elderly in connection with the adoption of the NAP to increase vaccination coverage against the flu. The theoretical part summarises the commonly known knowledge on the causative agent of the disease, the way of transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, complications, treatment, and prevention by vaccination.

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-21T20:15:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA TRAVASSOS DE ARAÚJO – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGECA) 2018.pdf: 3270382 bytes, checksum: 874476761ea85a5ab207d97a0c409a4a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T20:15:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA TRAVASSOS DE ARAÚJO – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGECA) 2018.pdf: 3270382 bytes, checksum: 874476761ea85a5ab207d97a0c409a4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-29 / As periódicas secas que abrangem o semiárido brasileiro, bem como o grande índice de perdas, sejam devido a vazamentos ou pelo consumo de água proveniente, muitas vezes, do comodismo dos usuários e dos gestores, que tratam os recursos hídricos como ilimitados, são fatores que induzem a diminuição da sua oferta, sendo a efetiva gestão da demanda uma das ferramentas indicadas na busca pela conscientização do uso e conservação da água. Nesse contexto, as Instituições Públicas de Ensino Superior devem ser precursoras na propagação da ideia de racionalização do uso da água, tanto pelo grande consumo inerente à suas atividades, quanto pelo poder de difundir conhecimentos e hábitos sustentáveis. Entendendo os Planos como ferramenta indispensável no processo de gestão, este trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar um plano de ação que promova o uso racional da água no Campus I da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba e que sirva de referência para aplicação nos demais campi da instituição e em outras universidades. Este plano foi elaborado utilizando uma ferramenta simples, porém pouco explorada como instrumento de apoio à gestão de demanda de água: o método 5W2H. O método foi fundamentado em etapas de diagnóstico e prognóstico do consumo e das instalações, no levantamento de custos para implantação das ações propostas através da elaboração de uma planilha orçamentária e na Matriz de prioridades GUT-C (adaptada da Matriz GUT). Por fim, foi analisada a viabilidade em implantar algumas das ações sugeridas através da estimativa do Índice de Redução do consumo e do tempo de retorno do investimento. Os resultados apontaram que, embora o Indicador de Consumo geral da instituição (28,44ℓ/(PEq.dia)) seja inferior ao utilizado como referência para dimensionamento das instalações hidráulicas, é possível reduzi-lo (através da substituição de equipamentos convencionais por equipamentos poupadores – bacias sanitárias e torneiras – e da instalação de arejadores e válvulas de descarga com fechamento hidromecânico em mictórios) em, aproximadamente, 40% do consumo proveniente dos aparelhos onde foram propostas as intervenções, com um tempo de retorno de 26 meses. Além disso, os métodos utilizados para elaboração do Plano de Ação mostraram-se eficazes no sentido de direcionar o planejamento e possível execução das soluções para os problemas verificados. São adaptáveis a qualquer área de conhecimento na qual se faça necessária a tomada de decisão, no entanto, são ferramentas que necessitam de uma reanálise e realimentação, próprias do processo de planejamento. / The periodic droughts that occur over the semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast, as well as the great loss rates, due to leaks and water consumption, often resulting from indifference of users and managers, who treat water resources as unlimited, are factors that induce reduction of water supply, with effective demand management being one of the tools to seek awareness of water use and its conservation. In this context, Public Institutions of Higher Education should be precursors in the propagation of the idea of water use rationalization, due to the great consumption inherent to its activities and the power to spread knowledge and sustainable habits. Understanding the Plans as indispensable tool for the management process, this this work aimed to elaborate an action plan that promotes the rational use of water in the Campus I of the State University of Paraíba and that serves as reference for application in the other campuses of the institution and in other universities. This plan was elaborated using a simple tool, although little explored, as instrument to support water demand management: the method 5W2H. The method was based on diagnostic and prognostic steps of facilities and consumption, on the costing for implementation of the proposed actions through the elaboration of a budget worksheet and on the GUT-C Priority Matrix (adapted from the GUT Matrix). Finally, it was analyzed the feasibility of implementing some of the proposed actions through the consumption Reduction Index estimation and the payback period. The results indicate that, although the institution's general Consumption Indicator (28.44ℓ/( PEq.day)) is lower than the value used as a reference for the design of the hydraulic installations, it can be reduced (through replacement of conventional equipment by water saving equipments – toilets and taps - and the installation of water saving aerators and automatic closing valves in urinals) in approximately 40% of the consumption related to the devices where interventions were proposed, with a payback period of 26 months. In addition, the methods used to prepare the Action Plan have proved to be effective in guiding the planning and possible execution of solutions to the observed problems. They are adaptable to any area of knowledge in which decision making is necessary, however, they are tools that require a reanalysis and feedback, proper to the planning process.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:18:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Carlos Sergio Souza P de A Franco.pdf: 4651329 bytes, checksum: 2284a7ec986e8abc4a2a94850c5aa323 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-30 / In this paper are presented socio-environmental considerations about the dams safety being promoting the linking of the trilogy water, living beings and anthrop actions, as well as the evolution of the legal aspects. A study about the resources is done to establish a policy of efficient action which guarantees few risks of accidents involving dams and as they are inserted in the context of the global safety of the population. In general terms the investigation promotes an evaluation about the factors that contribute to the dams safety taking into consideration legal aspects of the administration of the water resources aiming to minimize the contentions in the treatment of the subject. In a more specific way, it proposes the creation of a law to be applied by the authorities of the State of Goiás. It is an exploratory research which took place from August 2006 to March 2008 that had bibliographies references, professionals considered experts talking about dams safety and, also, public agencies such as: MI, SEMARH and civil defense among others. It includes a proposition for the establishment of emergency action planning based on technical considerations about risk evaluation. and it presents the cases of the accidents in the dam of Flores de Goiás happened on 2004 and 2007. In Central Brazil regions more specifically in the State of Goiás was verified that the studies concerning to thewater resources are incipient. The public bodies presented divergences in the information on the quantitative of dams. Public agencies like Defesa Civil, Secretaria de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos and Agência Ambiental did not show evidences joint action for the planning, fiscalization and critical analysis of the decisive factors to the global safety of the society. Works in the physical dimensions are being accomplished in the Dam of Flores de Goiás to correct the mistakes of the hydrologic project. A debate about dam is a debate about development. To solve or to minimize conflicts concerning to the theme is necessary to have a broad consensus about the rules that govern the development choices and the criteria that should define the negotiations and the decision making. In this context the work of environmental education should be considered as instrument to promote changes of paradigms and management. / Neste trabalho são apresentadas considerações sócioambientais acerca da segurança de barragens promovendo a interligação da trilogia água, seres vivos e ações antrópicas, bem como a evolução dos aspectos legais. Faz-se um estudo, todavia, sobre os recursos para se estabelecer uma política de ação eficaz que garanta menor risco de acidentes envolvendo barragens e como os mesmos estão inseridos no contexto da Segurança Global da População. Em termos gerais, a investigação promove uma avaliação sobre os fatores que contribuem para a Segurança de Barragens, considerando aspectos regulatórios da gestão dos recursos hídricos objetivando minimizar as contendas no trato do assunto. De forma mais específica, propõe a criação de Lei para ser aplicada pelas autoridades do Estado de Goiás. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, realizada no período de agosto 2006 a abril de 2008, que contou com consultas a referências bibliográficas, a profissionais considerados experts no trato do tema segurança de barragens e a órgãos públicos, tais como: MI, SEMARH e Defesa Civil, dentre outros. O trabalho inclui uma proposição para o estabelecimento de Planos de Ações Emergenciais, baseada em considerações técnicas sobre avaliação de riscos e apresenta o caso dos acidentes na barragem de Flores de Goiás, nos anos de 2004 e 2007. Na Região Centro-Oeste, sobretudo, no Estado de Goiás, verificou-se que os estudos acerca dos recursos hídricos ainda são incipientes. Os órgãos públicos apresentaram divergências nas informações sobre o quantitativo de barragens existentes. Órgãos como a Diretoria de Defesa Civil, a Secretaria Estadual de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos e a Agência Ambiental não apresentaram evidências de ação conjunta eficaz para o planejamento, fiscalização e análise crítica dos fatores determinantes à segurança global da sociedade. O debate sobre barragens é um debate sobre a própria questão do desenvolvimento. As obras físicas realizadas na Barragem de Flores demonstram ter havido erro no dimensionamento do projeto hidrológico. Para resolver ou minimizar conflitos acerca do tema é preciso haver normas consensuais que regem as escolhas de desenvolvimento e os critérios que devem definir as negociações e a tomada de decisões. Neste contexto, a educação ambiental deve ser considerada como instrumento para fomentar mudanças de paradigmas e de gestão.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-05T19:21:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 anapaulacoelhosilva.pdf: 712487 bytes, checksum: aa8a6af6b2a3a84e5e30035ce88e508a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T04:09:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 anapaulacoelhosilva.pdf: 712487 bytes, checksum: aa8a6af6b2a3a84e5e30035ce88e508a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T04:09:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 anapaulacoelhosilva.pdf: 712487 bytes, checksum: aa8a6af6b2a3a84e5e30035ce88e508a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-22 / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar alternativas de ações que aprimorem o processo de implementação dos Conteúdos Básicos Comuns (CBC) em uma escola estadual participante do Projeto Escola-referência, pertencente à Superintendência Regional de Ensino de São João del-Rei (SRE/SJDR). Apesar de analisar as ações dos professores e EEB, enfatizou-se principalmente o papel do diretor escolar como elemento fundamental para a implementação das políticas educacionais na escola, bem como para a garantia do uso dos CBC como currículo oficial. Este estudo sobre a temática curricular fez-se importante, pois se partiu da compreensão de que o currículo é o centro das relações pedagógicas ocorridas na sala de aula e da atuação profissional que a autora exerce na função de inspetora escolar na SRE/SJDR. Assim, para cumprir o objetivo, buscou-se conhecer o desenho da política curricular oficial e como esta foi apropriada pela escola-referência, passando pela SRE/SJDR como primeira instância de implementação. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada foi a análise de documentos referentes à política de implementação dos CBC, além da consulta a documentos, como livro de ponto, livro de atas, termos de visitas e relatórios de gestão; entrevistas com diretores, professores e especialistas de educação básica, diretora educacional e analistas educacionais da SRE, aplicação de questionário aos professores que atuam no Ensino Fundamental da escola analisada e observação nãoparticipante. À medida que o caso foi configurado, algumas questões de pesquisa foram levantadas e discutidas buscando alguns referenciais teóricos que abordam a implementação de políticas curriculares. Destarte, os dados encontrados na pesquisa demonstram que há uma proeminência da atuação do diretor escolar enquanto ator primordial na implementação da política pública curricular, vez ser ele quem coordena, articula e monitora sua equipe de trabalho na execução de suas funções, garantindo o seu envolvimento na implementação dos CBC. / The present dissertation has as its goal to present alternative actions which improve the implementation process of the Common Basic Syllabus (CBC, in Portuguese) at a state school that participates in the Reference School Project, belonging to the Regional Education Oversight of São João del-Rei (SRE/SJDR). Although we have analyzed the actions by the teachers and EEB, we have emphasized mainly the role of the school principal as a fundamental element to the implementation of the educational policies at school, as well as to guarantee the use of the CBC as the official syllabus. This study about curriculum is important, since we have comprehended that the curriculum is the center of the pedagogical relations that occur in the classroom and of the professional role which the author has as a school inspector at the SRE/SJDR. Thus, in order to fulfill our goal, we have aimed to understand the design of the official curricular policy and how it was appropriated by the reference school, viewing the SRESJDR as its first stage of implementation. As such, some conditionals and some variables were identified in both contexts which have contributed to the implementation of the CBC the way it was identified in the research. The research methodology utilized was the analysis of documents referring to the implementation policy of the CBCs and consultations to documents and well as check-in book, book of minutes, terms of visit and management reports/ interviews with principals, teachers and basic education specialists, school principal and education analysts at the SRE, survey with the elementary school teachers of the studied school and non-participant observation. As the case was configured, some research issues were raised and discussed regarding the implementation of curricular policies, Therefore, the data found in the research show that there is a prominence in the role of the school principal as a primary actor in the implementation of a curricular public policy, given that they are the ones Who coordinate, articulate and monitor their work teams in executing their functions and guarantees their involvement in the implementation of the CBC.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-19T12:15:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lilianececiliademirandabarbosa.pdf: 1283315 bytes, checksum: f8369b002217a6b5c70841d42de7d21f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-01T18:58:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lilianececiliademirandabarbosa.pdf: 1283315 bytes, checksum: f8369b002217a6b5c70841d42de7d21f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-01T18:58:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lilianececiliademirandabarbosa.pdf: 1283315 bytes, checksum: f8369b002217a6b5c70841d42de7d21f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-24 / O Projeto Estruturador Acelerar para Vencer (PAV), implantado pela Secretaria Estadual de Educação de Minas Gerais é recente, e, portanto, as pesquisas sobre seus impactos e reflexos são ainda escassas. O PAV é um projeto que apresenta uma metodologia diferenciada baseada na aceleração da aprendizagem, com vista a corrigir a distorção idade-série. Concentrado nos alunos com mais de dois anos de distorção, o projeto conta com dois módulos: o PAV I, voltado para as séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental e o PAV II, voltado para as séries finais do Ensino Fundamental. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido na forma de um Plano de Ação Educacional (PAE), proposto pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional em Gestão e Avaliação da Educação Pública da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. O PAE é um estudo de caso de gestão educacional que pretende analisar uma dada situação e se apresenta como uma modalidade de pesquisa inovadora em seu formato, por apresentar um plano de ação segundo o contexto e os problemas identificados. Este Plano de Ação Educacional objetiva analisar o Projeto Acelerar para Vencer, tendo como campo de estudo a gestão nos níveis regional e local de educação. Para este propósito analisamos a implementação do Projeto no cotidiano escolar de duas escolas do centro-oeste mineiro, pertencentes a diferentes Superintendências Regionais. A escolha de tais escolas se deveu ao fato de abrigarem, além do Projeto, o Ensino Médio; fato este que facilitou a verificação quantitativa do percurso escolar dos alunos oriundos do PAV que ingressaram no primeiro ano do Ensino Médio. Além disso, a escolha de duas escolas pertencentes a diferentes Superintendências Regionais foi propícia à análise de como as informações são repassadas para o nível local. A escolha das Superintendências foi motivada pelo desejo de conhecer a realidade das regionais próximas ao contexto do meu exercício profissional. A verificação quantitativa da transição dos alunos do PAV para o Ensino Médio revelou que mais da metade destes alunos evadem ou são reprovados. Este fato nos levou a buscar os dados estaduais, através do banco de dados da Diretoria de Informações Educacionais da Secretaria Estadual de Educação. A verificação dos dados estaduais apresentou resultados similares aos das escolas investigadas. Este resultado vai ao encontro da hipótese inicial da pesquisa, a saber, que apesar de resolver a distorção idade-série no ensino fundamental, o problema se transfere para o Ensino Médio, uma vez que alunos provenientes do Projeto chegam defasados em conteúdo e acabam evadindo ou sendo reprovados. Além disso, os achados contrariam os propósitos apresentados pelos textos do Projeto, cujo foco principal é a aprendizagem e a atuação dos gestores por meio da gestão pedagógica. Diante do quadro apresentado novas hipóteses e questões se configuraram, dentre elas, a dúvida acerca da implementação nas escolas analisadas, se estaria correspondendo ao que a política previa. Para responder aos novos questionamentos, partimos de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada através de entrevistas e questionários, com diretores, supervisores, professores e coordenadores regionais do PAV de ambas as escolas, e pudemos evidenciar problemas desde a formulação até a implantação do projeto. Isto revela, portanto, a necessidade de sua reformulação, além de outras ações que pretendam por em prática uma concepção de educação inclusiva e de qualidade, com visão de futuro, de forma que classes de aceleração não mais se façam necessárias. Esta reformulação é o que propusemos como Plano de Ação Educacional. / The Project Speed to win – Acelerar para Vencer (PAV), deployed by the State Secretariat of Education of Minas Gerais is recent, and therefore the research on impacts and reflexes are still scarce. The PAV is a project that provides a differentiated methodology based on accelerated learning, with a view to correcting the distortion age-series. Geared toward students with more than two years of distortion, the project comprises two modules, the PAV I geared toward the elementary grades and the PAV II, directed the elementary school finals series. This work was developed in the form of an Educational Action Plan (PAE), proposed by the Graduate Program in Professional management and evaluation of public education. PAE is a case study of educational management, in order to analyze a given situation and presents itself as an innovative modality in its format, to present a plan of action according to the context and the problems identified. This Educational Action Plan (PAE) aims to analyze the project, having as a field of study in management at local and regional levels of education. For this purpose, we analyze the implementation of the project in two schools of the West Centre de Minas Gerais, belonging to different regional superintendence. The choice of these schools gave because harboring beyond project, high school, the fact this that facilitated the quantitative verification of students ' schooling from the PAV that joined the first year of high school. Moreover, the choice of two schools belonging to different regional superintendences was conducive to analysis of how information is passed on to the local level. The choice of the superintendencies was motivated by the desire to know the reality of regional near the context of my professional practice. The quantitative check of students ' transition from PAV high school revealed that more than half of these students are evading or are disapproved. This fact led us to fetch the data state, through the Board's database of Educational Information of the State Secretariat of education. Data verification results similar to those presented by State schools investigated. This result goes against the search starting hypothesis, namely that although solve the distortion age-series in elementary school, the problem moves to the high school, since students coming from project content and have just come off by rerouted or being disapproved. In addition, the findings contradict the purposes presented by the project, whose main focus is learning and the role of managers by means of pedagogical management of the project. Before the table, new hypotheses and questions whether perpetrated by, among they doubt whether the implementation in schools examined would be corresponding to the policy envisaged. To respond to new questions, we start from a qualitative research, conducted through interviews and questionnaires, with directors, supervisors, teachers and regional coordinators of PAV from both schools and might show some problems involving from the formulation to the implementation of the project, revealing, therefore the need to recast, along with other actions aiming to implement a conception of inclusive education and quality, forward-thinking, so acceleration classes no longer if necessary. This reformulation is what we proposed as Educational Action Plan.

The diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of national strategies in the area of eHealth. The main aim of this thesis is to analyse the foreign national eHealth strategies and subsequent draft concept for the Czech Republic based on achieved results. The first chapter contains theoretical introduction into the field of eHealth, the main sources of research, history and definition of eHealth. The second part is devoted to the analysis, comparison and critical assessment of national eHealth strategies based on criteria in the countries of Denmark, New Zealand and the Slovak Republic. Third and final chapter is focused on the assessment of the current state of eHealth in the Czech Republic and the draft concept of eHealth strategy in the Czech Republic, which is based on the conclusions reached in the second chapter. The main contribution of this work is the analysis of selected national strategies and draft concept for eHealth strategy in the Czech Republic.

The aim of this Master's Thesis is the application of principles of strategic marketing planning for specific business plan. Marketing planning is described in the first part of this thesis based on literature sources. It is followed by a practical part, in which the principles of marketing planning are applied for a specific business plan. Result of this thesis is a comprehensive marketing plan covering all the important areas that are necessary for a start-up company. The market, which the company will enter, is characterized. Based on this information, objectives and strategic plans of the company are set. Segmentation of potential customers is determined and strategic and tactic tools are set. In the final part of this thesis an action plan and budget is drawn up. This thesis demonstrates that the business plan is feasible and the company has the potential to become a successful player in the market.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka professionellas erfarenheter av att identifiera ungdomar i åldern 16 - 19 år som är eller har varit utsatta för sexuella övergrepp. Dessa erfarenheter diskuteras i dialog med den aktuella vetenskapen om hur sexuella övergrepp kan identifieras. För att få ett djupare perspektiv kring ämnet valdes kvalitativ metod. Vid insamlandet av data användes semistrukturerade intervjuer med sju professionella med olika yrkeskategorier som dagligen arbetar med ungdomar. Det insamlade materialet analyserades med hjälp av tematisk analys vilket gav sex huvudteman med tillhörande underteman. I resultatet presenteras vilka effekter som professionella kan upptäcka hos sexuellt utsatta ungdomar samt hur de arbetar med ungdomarna. Resultatet presenteras i relation till diskussion med tidigare forskning samt teoretiska perspektiv i diskussionsavsnittet. / The purpose of the study is to examine the experiences of professionals to identify adolescents aged 16 - 19 who are or have been subjected to sexual abuse. These experiences are discussed in dialogue with the current science on how sexual abuse can be identified. To gain a deeper perspective on the subject, qualitative method was chosen. When collecting data, semi-structured interviews were used with seven professionals with different occupational categories who work with young people daily. The collected material was analysed using thematic analysis which gave six main themes and associated sub-themes. The results show what effects professionals can detect in sexually vulnerable adolescents and how they work with the adolescents. The results are presented in relation to discussion with previous research as well as theoretical perspectives in the discussion section.

Major rivers in developing countries around the world are heavily loaded with pollutants. According to the UN Water Statistics around 2 million tons of waste is dumped into rivers daily. In the developing countries 70 % of the industrial waste is diverted into the water courses without treating daily. In particular in Asia where more than half of the world population is living, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) estimates that five major rivers in Asia aid over 870 million people are the most endanger in the world. In India over the past 50 years the population and economic growth leads to increasing pressure on the water recources. It is expected that the population of India would be 1.4 billion by 2024. Till today wide range of research is being undertaken on the pollution problem of Ganga River. Many scientists and NGOs are trying to study the condition of Ganga water by measuring metals, chemical pollutants, coli form bacteria…etc. Government of India has officially launched Ganga Action Plan (GAP-1) during April 1985 and GAP-2 in February 1991to reduce the pollution of Ganga River. Even though lot of research is going on to decrease the pollution load, no significant change has occurred. The main aim of this project is to identify gaps in current efforts and to suggest measures to sustainably resolve the problem. There are six highly polluted cities on the bank of the river with different type of pollution loads they are Rishikesh, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna and Calcutta. Out of the all the cities Varanasi has a distinctive pollution fill to the river over the belt of the river that you can find a lot of dead bodies flowing on the river. On March 4th 2010, the Government of India approved to implement "Mission Clean Ganga" project to control the pollution sources on Ganga River in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Uttarkhand and West Bengal. Government has approved highest budget to Varanasi, 490.90 Crore Indian Rupees which clearly emphasizes how severally the water is polluted in Varanasi. This situation inspires me to concentrate on Varanasi in my project. During this project I visited Varanasi to study the current situation in collaboration with Sankat Mochan Foundation, a NGO organization whose aim is "Not A Drop Of Sewage In Ganga In The Religious Bathing Area Around It".