Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2000. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 189-210). Also available on the Internet.

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Objectives To assess physical fitness in pregnancy and to evaluate its effect on perceived health, back pain, blood pressure and duration of gestation. Also, to evaluate the effect of serum relaxin levels on blood pressure and duration of gestation. Material and methods A prospective cohort of 520 pregnant women were examined in early pregnancy and five months postpartum with regard to socio-demographic characteristics and estimated peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2 peak, est.). Serum concentrations of relaxin were carried out in early pregnancy. Physical exercise, possible back pain and blood pressure were measured repeatedly throughout pregnancy. Results Absolute V̇O2 peak, est. in early pregnancy was positively correlated to perceived health, which was lower during than after pregnancy. The average absolute V̇O2 peak, est. in early pregnancy of 2.4 l/minute was 0.02 l/minute less than the V̇O2 peak, est. postpartum, while regular physical exercise decreased throughout pregnancy. Absolute V̇O2 peak, est. in early pregnancy was not associated to the incidence of any low back pain location in pregnancy or postpartum, but inversely to intensity of back pain and diastolic blood pressure and positively with duration of gestation. Elevated serum relaxin levels were associated with decreased diastolic blood pressure and higher duration of gestation among women with miscarriage. Conclusions Perceived health, diastolic blood pressure and duration of gestation were positively affected by physical fitness while no effect was shown on the incidence of back pain. The effect of physical fitness on duration of gestation and diastolic blood pressure might have clinical implications as well as the increased serum relaxin levels on miscarriages.

Baigiamajame magistriniame darbe nagrinėjama kardiologinių rodiklių priklausomybė nuo žmogaus amžiaus ir fizinės apkrovos. Pateikta kardiologinių rodiklių kriterijų analizė. Išnagrinėti pagrindiniai kardiologiniai rodikliai trijose skirtingose amžiaus grupėse, pateikta jų lyginamoji analizė. Išnagrinėjus teorinius ir praktinius kardiologinių rodiklių vertinimo aspektus, pateikiamos baigiamojo darbo išvados. / In this final master thesis are research cardiovascular parameters dependence of human purchasing power and age. There are given test analysis of cardiovascular parameters. It was research the main cardiovascular parameters in three different groups of age and was given comparable analysis of parameters. All theoretical and practical results are given in conclusion.

Background: The role of dietary calcium in weight management is gaining support in the nutrition research community. It has been hypothesized that high calcium diets protect against fat gain by creating a balance of lipolysis over lipogenesis in adipocytes (Zemel et al., 2000) and that a diet deficient in calcium is associated with higher body weight and that augmenting calcium intake may reduce weight and fat gain or enhance fat loss (Shapses et al., 2004). Objectives: A lack of baseline data on the physical, physiological and mental effects of obesity on urban African women was the motivation for the POWIRS (Profiles of Obese Women with Insulin Resistance Syndrome) study. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of obesity on health determinants of urban African and white women by comparing the lifestyle and risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) of lean, overweight and obese subjects. This led to a multi-disciplinary cross-sectional case-control study in which health determinants and health status, as well as the underlying mechanistic relationships between these factors were measured in a sample of African women volunteers. The study was repeated a year later, done in a sample of white women volunteers, POWIRS II. The effect of calcium intake on body composition was assessed during this study. Methods: One hundred and two apparently healthy urban African women, between the ages of 20 and 50 years participated in the first phase of this case-control cross-sectional survey. For a period of about three weeks, each afternoon ten subjects were to report at a Metabolic Unit Facility (consisting of 10 single bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, a living room and kitchen). Each subject received a "participant sheet" which guided them through the different research 'stations' where the various measurements were done. During the course of the evening demographic questionnaires were filled in and all anthropometric measurements were taken, except weight and height measurements. All participants received an identical light supper which excluded alcohol and caffeine at 20h00, went to sleep before 23h00 and fasted overnight. From 06h00 in the morning weight, height and blood pressure measurements were taken. After a fasting blood sample was taken, a two-hour glucose tolerance test commenced. Subjects received a breakfast and afterwards habitual dietary intake questionnaires were completed. Results: Mean total dietary calcium intake as significantly higher in white women (POWIRS II), with a mean intake 1053.8 mg per day, as opposed to a mean intake of 494.8 mg calcium per day in the blacks subjects (POWIRS I). Mean fat intake in the black subjects was 59.3 g per day, and in the white women 103.1 g per day. Thus the calcium:fat ratio in white women was higher than in black women (11.0 and 8.4 respectively). After adjustment for age and total dietary energy intake, significant negative correlations were found between dietary calcium intake and various variables, only in the white subjects. These were BMI (r=-0.255, p=0.01), percentage body fat (r=-0.252, p=0.01), fasting insulin (r=-0.205, p=0.05) and fasting glucose (r=-0.199, p=0.046). The calcium:fat ratio correlated negatively with BMI (r=-0.378, p<0.0001), percentage body fat (r=-0.401, p<0.0001), fasting glucose (r=-0.229, p=0.02), fasting insulin (r=-0.212, p=0.04) and plasma leptin (r=-0.284, p=0.004). Adjustment for smoking resulted in slightly different correlation coefficients, but similar significant correlations were still found. The only significant association that was found in the black population, was a negative correlation between dietary calcium intake and systolic blood pressure (p=0.03) as well as diastolic blood pressure (p=0.04). After adjustment for age, smoking and dietary energy intake no significant correlations were found in the black subjects. Conclusion: The results from the POWIRS study in white women are consistent with the hypothesis that there may be an inverse relationship between adiposity and calcium intake. In our study higher calcium intakes were associated with lower body fat, lower BMI, lower fasting glucose and insulin, as well as plasma leptin in white women. The association seems to be significant in subjects with high intakes of fat and calcium (as seen in the white women). / Thesis (M.Sc. (Dietetics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

SUMMARY Purpose of work: Ascertain and estimate the change of arterial blood pressure in the areas of arm, wrist, finger and the change of heart��s systole frequency using static and dynamic strain for all kinds of groups: different age and sex. Goals: 1. Ascertain the effect of static and dynamic strain for arterial blood pressure and for heart‘s systole frequency. 2. Examine the phenomenon of blood repartition and the arterial blood pressure registering investigative groups of different age and sex. 3. Estimate the effect of static exercise for the change of arterial blood pressure in different investigative groups. 4. Estimate the effect of dynamic exercise for the change of arterial blood pressure in different investigative groups. Contingent of investigative and the methods of investigation: The contingent of investigative is constituted by 67 sound investigative, without any clinical complaints: 38 are men and 29 – women. 15 men and 16 women, they performed the static exercise to fortify the muscles of back. 23 men and 13 women, they performed the dynamic exercise to fortify the muscles of shoulders. To estimate functional rate of heart we were using the measurers of arterial blood pressure OMRON. The measurers were registered 2 times: before the exercise and 60s after the exercise. Arterial blood pressure was measured in 3 places of left hand-in the areas of arm, wrist and finger registering systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The systole frequency of heart... [to full text]

Physical activity has versatile impact on female body and strengthens it in addition to improved physiological powers, more active performance of all systems and guaranteed normal course of pregnancy period. As a result, the cardiovascular condition is improved; placental circulation is more active, oxygen transopration and metabolism of the foetus is improved. The death-rate in pregnant women resulting from hypertension is the second after embolism. Preeclampsia is one of the hypertension-related failures, which affects 3 to 5 % of the pregnant women. The present research was targeted to women suffering from preeclampsia. The aim of the research was to investigate the impact of physical activity on manifestation of preeclampsia in pregnant women within 20-35 week of pregnancy. Tasks: 1. to assess arterial blood pressure (ABP) fluctuation of both groups of women (physically passive and physically active within 20-35 weeks of pregnancy; 2. to assess body weight index fluctuation of both groups of women (physically passive and physically active within 20-35 weeks of pregnancy; 3. to assess fluctuation of protein content in urine of both groups of women (physically passive and physically active within 20-35 weeks of pregnancy; 4. to assess life quality (sleep, headache, sight, right underrib pains, physical and physiological fatigue) of both groups of women (physically passive and physically active within 20-35 weeks of pregnancy. Hypothesis. Physical activity in pregnant women... [to full text]

Nėštumas tai fiziologinė sveikos moters būsena. Fizinio aktyvumo stoka nėštumo metu įtakoja nėščiosios savijautą. Nėščiųjų, kurios neatlieka fizinių pratimų kūno masė būna didesnė, negu reguliariai dariusios mankštą nėštumo metu. Fiziškai neaktyvių nėščiųjų širdies susitraukimų dažnis (ŠSD) būna didesnis, nei sportuojančių moterų. Pagal PSO 25 % nėščiųjų skundžiasi nugaros skausmais, susijusius su atramos judamojo aparato pokyčiais nėštumo metu. Daug dėmesio skiriama nėščiųjų sveikatingumui, tačiau nepakankamai pabrėžiama kineziterapijos nauda nėščiosios savijautai, gimdymo eigai. Literatūroje yra nemažai duomenų apie fizinių pratimų teigiamą poveikį moters organizmui, tame tarpe ir nėščiųjų, tačiau kaip taikant fizinius pratimus vandenyje keičiasi nėščiosios riebalinės raukšlės, arterinis kraujo spaudimas ir širdies susitraukimų dažnis nėra žinoma Šio tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti fizinių pratimų vandenyje poveikį nėščiosios savijautai ir kai kuriems fiziologiniams rodikliams. Tyrimo tikslui pasiekti buvo naudojami šie tyrimo metodai: 1. Anketinė apklausa; 2.Riebalinių raukšlių matavimas (kaliperiu); 3.Arterinio kraujospūdžio (mmHg) ir pulso matavimas; 4.Rufjė testas; 5. Matematinė statistika. Tyrimas buvo atliekamas Vilniaus Lietuvos vaikų jaunimo centre (LVJC). Ištirta 20 nėščiųjų, kurios lankė reguliariai užsiėmimus baseine du kartus savaitėje. Antroji grupė, kontrolinė, sudarė taip pat 20 nenėščių moterų, atsitiktinių, panašaus amžiaus, kaip ir nėščiosios. Abiems grupėms... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Pregnancy is a physiological appearance of a healthy woman. The lack of physical activities affects the health of pregnant woman. Those women, who do not have any physical activities, have bigger body mass, than those, who exercise regularly. Physically inactive pregnant women have bigger heart systole rate (HSR), than active once. According to PSAO 25 % of pregnant woman complain about back pains, related to changes of abutment during the period of pregnancy. A lot of attention is spared to the health of pregnant women. Unfortunately, the importance of kinezitherapy to pregnant women health is not enough emphasize. There is a lot of information in the literature about the positive effect of physical exercise to women’s´ body, including pregnant once. But, when using kinezitherapy in the water the relative body fat – body muscle mass is changing and the heart systole rate (HSR) are unknown. The importance of this research is to evaluate the effect of physical exercises in the water to a pregnant woman and some physiological indexes. The methods of this research are: 1. Questionnaires; 2. Measurement of oil wrinkles; 3. Measurement of Arterial blood pressure (mmHg) and measurement of pulse; 4.Rufje test; 5. Mathematical statistics. The research was done in Vilnius Lithuanian children and junior centre. There were examined 20 pregnant women (analyzed group) who took part in water activities 2 times a week. In the second group, (control group) there were 20 not pregnant women... [to full text]

Tyrimo objektas – pacientų, patyrusių kaklinės dalies nugaros smegenų sužalojimą, ortostatinės reakcijos. Pacientų, patyrusių kaklinės dalies nugaros smegenų sužalojimą, ortostatinės reakcijos – viena didžiausių problemų, trukdanti siekti reabilitacijos programos tikslų. Reabilitacijos pradžioje, keičiant kūno padėtį, jiems dažnai svaigsta galva, pykina, gali net prarasti sąmonę. Visi šie simptomai neigiamai veikia pacientą, todėl svarbu šalinti ortostatinių reakcijų pasireiškimą vertikalizuojant kuo anksčiau. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti, kuris vertikalizavimo stovas – įprastas ar ERIGO – veiksmingiau mažina pacientų, patyrusių kaklinės dalies nugaros smegenų sužalojimą, ortostatines reakcijas. Uždaviniai: 1. Įvertinti tiriamųjų kraujospūdžio pokyčius vertikalizavimo metu su skirtingais stovais. 2. Įvertinti tiriamųjų širdies susitraukimo dažnio pokyčius vertikalizavimo metu su skirtingais stovais. 3. Įvertinti pacientų savijautą po vertikalizavimo su skirtingais stovais. 4. Nustatyti vertikalizavimo procedūros su skirtingais stovais toleruojamą trukmę. Hipotezė. ERIGO – vertikalizavimo stovas su mechanizmu pasyviems kojų judesiams – veiksmingiau mažina pacientų, patyrusių kaklinės dalies nugaros smegenų sužalojimą, ortostatines reakcijas. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrime dalyvavo 24 pacientai, kurie gydėsi Palangos reabilitacijos ligoninėje 2007–2008 metais po nugaros smegenų kaklinės dalies sužalojimo. Tiriamieji buvo suskirstyti į dvi grupes po 12 žmonių. Visiems pacientams buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Study subject: Orthostatic reactions of the patients with cervical part spinal cord injuries. Orthostatic reactions for patients with cervical part spinal cord injuries is one of the most biggest problems, which disturbs to seek the aims of rehabilitation. Patients often suffer from dizziness, nausea and even might to lose consciousness at the beginning of the rehabilitation. All these symptoms has a negative impact to patients, so it must be reduced as soon as possible. Study aim: To determine which tilt-table- simple or Erigo-has the bigger effect for patient’s, wiht cervical part spinal cord injuries, orthostatic reactions. Study goals: 1. To evaluate the blood pressure changes of the patients during verticalization with different tilt-table; 2. To evaluate the heart rate changes of the patients during verticalization with different tilt-table; 3. To evaluate the state of the patients health after verticalization with different tilt-table; 4. To determine the tolerated duration of the virtualization procedure with different tilt-table. Hypothesis: Erigo - a tilt-table with passive legs movements – is more effective in reducing orthostatic reactions of the patients with cervical part spinal cord injuries. Study methods: The study included 24 patients with cervical part spinal cord injuries which had treatment at Palanga Hospital of Rehabilitation on 2007-2008 year period. Patients were divided in to two equal groups (12 patients in each group). All patients had the same... [to full text]

Darbo problema – vis dar lieka neaiškus PRR efektyvumas ir jos sąsajos su amžiumi, lytimi, išsilavinimu, IŠL forma, subjektyvia savijauta, subjektyviu sveikatos vertinimu bei organizmo raumenų įtampa, sergantiems IŠL. Todėl šio tyrimo tikslas - nustatyti progresuojančios raumenų relaksacijos taikymo efektyvumą AKS reguliavimui, atsižvelgiant į lytį, amžių, ligos formą, subjektyvų sveikatos vertinimą, išsilavinimą, raumenų įtampą ir subjektyvią savijautos įtampą, sergantiems IŠL, stacionarinės reabilitacijos etape. Tyrime buvo pakviesti dalyvauti 204 Abromiškių reabilitacinės ligoninės, kardiologinio skyriaus pacientai, tačiau į 1 užsiėmimą atėjo 53 (48,18 %) vyrai ir 40 (42,55 %) moterų, į 2 – 20 (18,18 %) vyrų ir 14 (14,89 %) moterų, į 3 – 15 (13,63 %) vyrų ir 12 (12,76 %) moterų ir į 4 – 12 (10,9 %) vyrų ir 8 (8,51 %) moterys. Tiriamieji dalyvavo 4 vienos valandos užsiėmimuose, kurie vyko 4 kartus per savaitę. Siekiant įvertinti PRR efektyvumą AKS mažinimui ir efektyvumo sąsajas su prieš tai išvardintais faktoriais, tiriamiesiems buvo pateikiamos anketos, vedami relaksaciniai užsiėmimai. Kiekvieno užsiėmimo pradžioje ir pabaigoje buvo matuojamas AKS ir duodamas užpildyti manekenas (raumenų įtampai įvertinti) bei subjektyvios savijautos skalė. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad po relaksacijos AKS statistiškai reikšmingi sumažėjimai buvo tik vyrų tarpe, taip pat tarp jaunesnių pacientų, žmonėms sergantiems lengvesne IŠL forma, pacientams su aukštuoju išsilavinimu ir blogesniu... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / It is still unclear if effectiveness of PMR is related with age, gender, education, IHD form, subjective health status, subjective tension and muscle tension for ischemic heart disease patients. So the aim of this survey is to analize how effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation in blood pressure regulation is related with these factors for ischemic heart disease in-patients at their rehabilitation period. 204 patients from Abromiškės rehabilitation hospital, cardiac department were invited to participate in relaxation groups, but in the first group participated only 53 (48,18%) men and 40 (42,55%) women, in the second - 20 (18,18%) men and 14 (14,89%) women, in the third - 15 (13,63%) men and 12 (12,76%) women and in fourth - 12 (10,9%) men and 8 (8,51%) women. Participants attended in four hourly relaxation groups which were four times per week. With the purpose to evaluate PMR effectiveness for blood pressure regulation and its’ relation with factors, participants were given questionnaires also relaxation groups were provided. At the beginning and at the end of each session blood pressure was measured also muscle tension was evaluated with the given model and 10 score scale was given for subjective feeling evaluation. The results of this study showed that the statistically significant reductions of blood pressure were only for men also for younger patients and patients with higher education, for patients with easier IHD form and for patients with worse... [to full text]