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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
131

As formas de participaÃÃo social dos bebÃs nas prÃticas cotidianas vivenciadas no contexto de uma creche municipal / The forms of social participation of babies in daily practices lived in the context of a municipal day care centers

MÃrcia Vanessa Silva 29 September 2017 (has links)
FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Esta dissertaÃÃo objetivou analisar as formas de participaÃÃo social dos bebÃs nas prÃticas cotidianas que vivenciam na creche, bem como as concepÃÃes de suas professoras sobre tais formas de participaÃÃo. As reflexÃes e interpretaÃÃes deste trabalho foram subsidiadas por um referencial teÃrico que contemplou a trajetÃria histÃrica da creche, destacando os estudos de alguns autores que tratam da histÃria da EducaÃÃo Infantil no Brasil e a interlocuÃÃo com as perspectivas teÃricas sociointeracionistas de Vygotsky, Wallon e com as contribuiÃÃes do campo da Pedagogia-em-ParticipaÃÃo, destacando os autores Oliveira-Formosinho, Formosinho e AraÃjo. Os princÃpios da abordagem qualitativa alicerÃaram a metodologia. Para a compreensÃo em profundidade do fenÃmeno estudado, optou-se pelo estudo de caso, que foi realizado durante quatro meses em uma creche municipal cearense, na qual sÃo atendidas, em tempo integral, crianÃas de seis meses a trÃs anos de idade. Participaram do estudo 12 bebÃs, com idade entre 12 e 18 meses, e suas trÃs professoras. Os dados foram construÃdos por meio de observaÃÃo participante das prÃticas cotidianas e de entrevistas semiestruturadas com as professoras e as famÃlias dos bebÃs. Para registrar os dados foram utilizados o diÃrio de campo, a videogravaÃÃo, a fotografia e o gravador de voz. As anÃlises revelaram, entre outros elementos, que as prÃticas cotidianas da instituiÃÃo eram permeadas pela dissociaÃÃo entre as aÃÃes de cuidar e educar; pela transmissividade de conhecimentos, pelo cerceamento das iniciativas dos bebÃs e, ao mesmo tempo, pela invisibilidade da participaÃÃo social deles. Estes, com todas as suas potencialidades, rompiam com a perspectiva dessas prÃticas e demonstravam ser desejosos e capazes de participar, por meio de suas aÃÃes imitativas, dos conflitos com os pares e da construÃÃo de relaÃÃes de amizade. Por outro lado, suas aprendizagens e desenvolvimento, eram limitadas pelas prÃticas e concepÃÃes docentes que de um modo geral, associavam as formas de participaÃÃo social dos bebÃs apenas Ãs atividades ditas pedagÃgicas, que objetivavam desenvolver especificamente aspectos do desenvolvimento cognitivo. O estudo destacou a relevÃncia de uma maior visibilizaÃÃo das diversas formas que os bebÃs apresentam para participarem das prÃticas cotidianas. TambÃm propÃe que se ampliem as oportunidades de participaÃÃo social dos bebÃs, com intencionalidade e planejamento pedagÃgicos, durante todos os momentos em que os bebÃs estÃo presentes na instituiÃÃo. à urgente, portanto, uma maior visibilidade dos bebÃs, tanto nas polÃticas pÃblicas e educacionais como nas Pedagogias da EducaÃÃo Infantil. Nesse sentido, ressalta-se a necessidade de maiores investimentos financeiros para as InstituiÃÃes de EducaÃÃo Infantil e uma formaÃÃo continuada sÃlida e especÃfica para docentes que atuam diretamente com os bebÃs. Assim, a creche poderà constituir um contexto de respeito e participaÃÃo dos bebÃs, prevalecendo seus direitos, especificidades, saberes, fazeres, interesses, curiosidades e potencialidades. / This theme of this study is the social participation of babies in the daily practices in day care contexts. The research is based on the questioning of the rights of children, which ages range between zero and five years, affirmed by the National Curriculum Guidelines for Early Childhood Education, highlighting the right to participate in daily practices and their constructions. Since this aspect is relevant to learning and the integral development of children, it is necessary to understand how this social participation occurs, especially in day-care contexts. A literature survey shows that infants have been invisibilized for a long time in society, including in the educational field. Therefore, the main goal of the study was to analyze the forms of social participation of babies in the daily practices that they experience in day care, as well as t teachersâ conceptions on such forms of participation. In an interlocution with socio-interactionist perspectives, were used as the main theoretical framework the theories of Vygotsky, Wallon and the field of Pedagogy-in-Participation. This paper is a qualitative research characterized as a case study, carried out in a day care center in CearÃ. Twelve babies, with ages between 12 and 18 months, and their three teachers were part of this study. The data were constructed during the observations and videotapings of the daily practices and interviews with the teachers. A field diary, a digital camera and a voice recorder were used to keep record of these data. The analyzes revealed, among other aspects, that the daily practices of the institution were characterized by the dissociation between the actions of caring and educating, transmissivity of knowledge, restriction and, at the same time, by the invisibility of the social participation of the babies. The babies, with all their potentialities, overcame these practices and demonstrated desire and abilities to participate in the daily practices that they lived in the day-care center, by means of their imitative actions, conflicts with the peers and the construction of friendship relations. On the other hand, their learning and development were limited by the teaching practices and the conceptions that forms of social participation occur only during the so-called pedagogical activities, which aimed to develop aspects of cognitive development. Based on the data analysis, the study concludes and highlights the importance of a greater visibility to the different forms that babies have to participate in the daily practices. It also demonstrates the need of creating greater opportunities of these forms of participation, which should have intentionality and pedagogical planning and should occur during the whole period in which the babies are in the institution. Therefore, there is an urgent need for greater visibility of infants in both public and educational policies and in the pedagogies of Early Childhood Education. Therefore, it is really important to increase financial investments for Child Education Institutions and to assure a solid and specific continuing education for teachers who work directly with infants. Thence, the day care center may be able to build a context of respect and the participation of babies, prevailing their rights, specificities, knowledge, actions, interests, curiosities and potentialities.
132

FormaÃÃo inicial de professores para a docÃncia com bebÃs: o caso do Curso de Pedagogia da FACED-UFC

Ana Paula Cordeiro Marques Rodrigues 00 October 2018 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A presente pesquisa surgiu do interesse e da necessidade de investigar a formaÃÃo inicial de professores para a docÃncia com bebÃs (crianÃas de zero a dezoito meses), uma temÃtica que tem ganhado visibilidade nos Ãltimos anos, mas que ainda ocupa um pequeno espaÃo na produÃÃo acadÃmica. O principal objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar as contribuiÃÃes do curso de Pedagogia presencial oferecido pela Faculdade de EducaÃÃo da Universidade Federal do Cearà (FACED-UFC) para a docÃncia com bebÃs, a partir das perspectivas de docentes, discentes e egressos do curso. Para isto, lanÃou mÃo dos conhecimentos sobre a formaÃÃo de professores para a EducaÃÃo Infantil e sobre a educaÃÃo de bebÃs, especialmente os estudos realizados por Barbosa (2010), Barbosa e Fochi (2015), Cruz (2000), Kishimoto (2005), Oliveira-Formosinho (2001), dentre outros autores. Tendo como opÃÃo a abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, foram utilizados como tÃcnicas para a construÃÃo dos dados a aplicaÃÃo de questionÃrios e a entrevista semiestruturada. Participaram das entrevistas o total de trÃs docentes da Ãrea de EducaÃÃo Infantil da FACED-UFC, 19 discentes dos semestres finais do curso de Pedagogia (diurno e noturno) e seis egressos desta Faculdade que jà atuaram ou atuam como professores de bebÃs. Para o registro dos dados foram utilizados um gravador de voz e um diÃrio de campo. A anÃlise dos dados revelou que a formaÃÃo oferecida no curso de Pedagogia presencial da FACED-UFC nÃo contempla efetivamente a complexidade e as peculiaridades da prÃtica docente com os bebÃs. Apesar da maioria dos sujeitos reconhecer a boa formaÃÃo para a docÃncia na EducaÃÃo Infantil e algumas iniciativas relacionadas Ãs prÃticas pedagÃgicas com bebÃs efetivadas ao longo dos dois Ãltimos anos, eles consideraram que ainda sÃo oferecidas poucas oportunidades, dentro e fora das disciplinas do currÃculo do curso, que possibilitem aos estudantes de Pedagogia a apropriaÃÃo de temas importantes relacionados aos bebÃs e seus processos educativos. Assim, foi possÃvel identificar uma sÃrie de fragilidades que limitam a qualidade da formaÃÃo inicial visando à docÃncia com bebÃs no curso de Pedagogia da FACED-UFC e tambÃm algumas alternativas no sentido de superar essas fragilidades. A anÃlise do conjunto de entrevistas dos trÃs grupos de sujeitos oferece elementos importantes para enriquecer os debates sobre a elaboraÃÃo ou reformulaÃÃo de currÃculos para o curso de Pedagogia, e, no caso do curso enfocado no presente trabalho, indica a urgÃncia de mudanÃas em seu currÃculo a fim de que os futuros pedagogos formados nessa Faculdade tenham os necessÃrios subsÃdios teÃricos e prÃticos para desenvolver uma docÃncia de qualidade com os bebÃs. / The present research arose of the concern and necessity of to inquire the teachers initial formation to the teaching with babies (children from zero to eighteen months), a thematic that has gained visibility in the last years, but still occupy a small space in the academic production. The principal research objective was to analyse the presential pedagagic course contributions offered by Faculdade de EducaÃÃo da Universidade Federal do Cearà (FACED-UFC) to the teaching with babies, from of the teaching perspectives, students and course graduates. For this, were used of the knowledges about the teachers formation to infantil education and about the babies education, specially the studies realized by Barbosa (2010), Barbosa and Fochi (2015), Cruz (2000), Kishimoto (2005), Oliveira-Formosinho (2001), among others autours. Having as option the qualitative research approach, were used as techniques to data construction the questionnaires application and the Semi-structured interview. Participated of the interviews the total of three teachers, nineteen final semesters students of the daytime and nighttime pedagogy course and six graduates of this college that acted or act as babies teacher. For the data record were used a voice recorder and a field journal. The data analysis revealed that the formation offered in the FACED-UFC presential pedagogy course does not contemplate effectively the complexity and the peculiarities of the teacher practice with babies. Although the majority of subjects to recognize the good formation to the infantile education teaching and some initiatives related to the pedagogical practices with babies effected over the past two years, they considered that yet are offered few opportunities, inside and outside of the course curriculum, that enable to the pedagogy students the appropriation of important themes related to the babies and their educational processes. Thus, it was possible to identify a frailties serie that limit the quality of the initial formation aiming to the teaching with babies in the FACED-UFC pedagogy course and also some alternatives in the sense of overcome this frailties. The subjects three groups interviews set analysis offers important elements to enrich the debates about the curriculum elaboration and reformulation to the pedagogy course and in the case of the focused course in the present research, indicates the urgency of changed in this curriculum so that the futures pedagogy graduates formed in this college have the necessary subsidies theoretical and practical to develop a quality teaching with the babies.
133

Os processos de socialização entre os bebês e os bebês e adultos no contexto da Educação Infantil

Pereira, Rachel Freitas January 2015 (has links)
A presente tese centrou-se na compreensão dos processos de socializ(ação) vividos por nove bebês, com quatro meses a um ano e meio de idade, e três educadoras em uma Escola de Educação Infantil do Rio Grande do Sul. Busquei, por meio de imagens, dar visibilidade aos processos de socializ(ação) vividos entre os bebês e adultos, e a forma com que os bebês participam desses processos na vida em coletividade. O estudo está situado no campo dos Estudos da Infância, o qual considera uma abordagem interdisciplinar. Nesse sentido, propus um diálogo entre a Sociologia da Infância (CORSARO, SARMENTO, FERREIRA, DELGADO, entre outros), a Sociologia à escala individual de Bernard Lahire, a Psicologia Cultural de Barbara Rogoff, bem como as considerações da Pedagogia da Infância (BARBOSA, RICHTER, FARIA, MUSSATTI, RINALDI, entre outros), em um viés que se justifica na complementaridade destas disciplinas. Logo, o termo "socializ(ação)" passou por um processo de recriação a partir deste diálogo, no sentido que enfatiza a "ação" dos indivíduos sobre a estrutura. Processo que se constitui a partir das inter(ações), nas quais tanto os bebês quanto os adultos se socializam. As seguintes questões emergiram dos estudos teóricos: Quais "teias" os bebês tecem? De que forma os bebês participam na sociedade? Se o indivíduo incorpora um quadro heterogêneo de disposições a partir das diversas formas de socialização, e faz uso de seu passado incorporado para agir nos diferentes contextos de ação, como ficam os bebês? Quando nasce, qual é o seu passado incorporado?Quais seriam as disposições incorporadas pelo bebê, uma vez que ele é um ser recém chegado no mundo? Que patrimônio de disposições o bebê se utiliza em seus contextos de ação? Na tentativa de apreender tais aspectos, utilizei-me dos princípios de uma pesquisa etnográfica com crianças (GRAUE e WALSH, 2003). Por fim, concluiu-se que os processos de socializ(ação) do bebê é resultado de suas rel(ações), observ(ações), particip(ações), e apropri(ações) dos seus contextos, através de sua "ação" social. As categorias de análise ressaltaram as ações dos adultos que buscam inserir os bebês na cultura, e as ações dos bebês entre eles e suas produções de cultura. Com relação às ações dos adultos constatou-se que suas ações estão diretamente articuladas ao momento histórico que a Educação infantil vive no país. Um momento marcado pelo rompimento das concepções assistencialistas de creche, pela intenção latente de escolarização, bem como a busca por formas específicas de Pedagogias para e com os bebês. Com relação às ações dos bebês evidenciou-se que eles se transformavam por meio da apropri(ação) de sua particip(ação) contínua nas atividades, que, por sua vez, contribuíam para as transformações em suas comunidades culturais. Portanto, a tese que se apresenta evidenciou que o bebê plural é produto das experiências de suas socializ(ações) em contextos sociais múltiplos, e produto de sua ação sobre si mesmo. Os bebês são ativos no processo de configuração dos seus mundos sociais, sobretudo na Educação Infantil, participando na construção e transmissão de valores, normas e regras, através de suas inter(ações), com os adultos e entre eles, visando regular a ordem social em que se situam, um processo de apropri(ação) e transform(ação). / This thesis focused on the understanding of socializ processes (action) lived for nine infants with four months to a year and a half old, and three teachers at a Preschool of Rio Grande do Sul. I searched through images, giving visibility to socializ processes (action) lived between infants and adults, and the way that babies participating in these processes in life in the community. The study is in the field of studies of childhood, which considers an interdisciplinary approach. In this sense, I proposed a dialogue between the sociology of childhood (CORSARO, SARMENTO, FERREIRA, DELGADO, among others), Sociology at the individual level of Bernard Lahire, the Cultural Psychology Barbara Rogoff, as well as the considerations of the Education of Children (BARBOSA , RICHTER, FARIA, MUSSATTI, RINALDI, among others) in a bias that is justified on the complementarity of these disciplines. Thus, the term "socializ (action)" went through a rebuilding process from this dialogue, in the sense that emphasizes the "action" of individuals on the structure. Process that is from the inter (stocks), in which both babies and adults socialize. The following issues emerged from theoretical studies: What "webs" the weave babies? How babies participate in society? If the individual incorporates a heterogeneous set of rules from the various forms of socialization and makes use of its built last to act in different contexts of action, how babies are? When born, what your corporate past? What are the provisions incorporated by the baby, since he is a newcomer in the world? That heritage of the baby using provisions in their action contexts? In an attempt to apprehend these aspects, I used me the principles of ethnographic research with children (GRAUE AND WALSH, 2003). The categories of analysis highlighted the actions of adults who seek to enter the babies in the culture, and the actions of babies between them and their culture productions. With regard to adult actions it was found that his actions are directly articulated to the historical moment that child education live in the country. A time marked by the disruption of welfare conceptions of kindergarten, the latent intention of education and the search for specific forms of pedagogy for and with babies. With respect to the shares of the babies it was evident that they were transformed by apropri (share) your particip (action) continued the activities, which, in turn, contributed to the changes in their cultural communities. Therefore, the thesis is presented showed that the plural baby is the product of the experiences of their socializ (shares) in multiple social contexts, and product of its action on himself. Babies are active in the configuration process of their social worlds, especially in early childhood education, participating in the construction and transmission of values, norms and rules, through its inter (shares), with adults and among them, aimed at regulating the social order where they are located, a process of apropri (action) and transform (action). / Esta tesis se centró en la comprensión de los procesos socializ (acción) vivió durante nueve bebés con cuatro meses a un año y medio de edad, y tres maestros en un preescolar de Río Grande do Sul. Busqué a través imágenes, dando visibilidad a los procesos socializ (acción) vivieron entre niños y adultos, y la forma en que los bebés que participan en estos procesos en la vida de la comunidad. El estudio se encuentra en el campo de los estudios de la infancia, que considera un enfoque interdisciplinario. En este sentido, he propuesto un diálogo entre la sociología de la infancia (CORSARO, SARMENTO, FERREIRA, DELGADO, entre otros), la Sociología en el nivel individual de Bernard Lahire, la Psicología Cultural Barbara Rogoff, así como las consideraciones de la Educación de Niños (BARBOSA , RICHTER, FARIA, MUSSATTI, RINALDI, entre otros) en un sesgo que se justifica en la complementariedad de estas disciplinas. Por lo tanto, el término "socializ (acción)" pasó por un proceso de reconstrucción de este diálogo, en el sentido de que hace hincapié en la "acción" de los individuos en la estructura. Proceso que es a partir de las interrelaciones (acciones), en la que ambos bebés y adultos socializar. Los siguientes temas surgieron de estudios teóricos: ¿Qué "redes" de los bebés de la armadura? Cómo bebés participar en la sociedad? Si el individuo incorpora un conjunto heterogéneo de normas de las distintas formas de socialización y hace uso de su base última para actuar en diferentes contextos de acción, cómo los bebés son? Al nacer, lo que su pasado empresarial? ¿Cuáles son las disposiciones incorporadas por el bebé, ya que es un recién llegado en el mundo? Esa herencia del bebé mediante disposiciones en sus contextos de acción? En un intento de detener a estos aspectos, me utilicé los principios de la investigación etnográfica con niños (GRAUE Y WALSH, 2003). Finalmente, se llegó a la conclusión de que el (la acción) bebé procesos socializ es resultado de su rel (acciones), observ (acciones), particip (acciones), y apropri (acciones) de sus contextos, a través de su "acción" social. Las categorías de análisis destacaron las acciones de los adultos que buscan ingresar a los bebés en la cultura, y las acciones de los bebés entre ellos y sus producciones culturales. Con respecto a las acciones de los adultos se encontró que sus acciones están directamente articulados con el momento histórico en que la educación del niño viven en el país. Una época marcada por la interrupción de las concepciones de bienestar de jardín de infantes, la intención latente de la educación y la búsqueda de formas específicas de la pedagogía para y con los bebés. Con respecto a las acciones de los bebés era evidente que fueron transformados por apropri (acción) de su particip (acción) continuó las actividades, las cuales, a su vez, han contribuido a los cambios en sus comunidades culturales. Por lo tanto, la tesis se presenta mostró que el bebé plural es producto de las experiencias de su socializ (acciones) en múltiples contextos sociales, y el producto de su acción sobre sí mismo. Los bebés son activos en el proceso de configuración de sus mundos sociales, especialmente en la educación infantil, la participación en la construcción y la transmisión de valores, normas y reglas, a través de sus interrelaciones (acciones), con los adultos y entre ellos, destinado a regular el orden social dónde están ubicados, un proceso de apropri (acción) y transformar (acción).
134

A documentação pedagógica e o trabalho com bebês: estudo de caso em uma creche universitária / The pedagogical documentation and the work with babies: case study in a university childcare center

Juliana Guerreiro Lichy Cardoso 05 June 2014 (has links)
A relação entre a produção dos registros na educação infantil e o quanto eles se configuram como documentações pedagógicas proporcionando a prática reflexiva e o olhar para os bebês foi o que buscou compreender esta pesquisa. Partindo da concepção de documentação pedagógica defendida pelas pedagogias do norte da Itália e da Associação Criança em Portugal, entende-se que ela é valioso instrumento para professores, crianças e comunidade educativa que, ao partilhar os processos vivenciados do cotidiano das ações pedagógicas, contribui para a postura reflexiva dos professores e a visibilidade das crianças. A investigação de caráter qualitativo configurou-se como um estudo de caso envolvendo três professoras de um agrupamento de berçário de uma creche universitária da cidade de São Paulo. Os dados envolvem essencialmente os registros de caráter pedagógico dessas professoras e o acompanhamento de suas práticas com os bebês. Na busca da compreensão de como os bebês estão evidenciados na prática reflexiva do professor que é instrumentalizada por meio dos registros e da documentação pedagógica buscou-se responder essencialmente a três questões: 1) Como os registros periódicos evidenciam o olhar para os bebês?; 2) Como os registros podem se transformar em documentações pedagógicas com vistas ao planejamento e à avaliação das práticas?; 3) Como as documentações pedagógicas estão a serviço da prática reflexiva do professor? Os dados confirmam uma prática qualificada com bebês, elemento fundamental para que a prática reflexiva aconteça instrumentalizada pelos registros que, por sua vez, se revelam potentes documentações pedagógicas se alcançarem os processos de aprendizagem dos bebês, para além da consecução de produtos estéticos e visuais. A documentação pedagógica pode representar um novo caminho à educação infantil na medida em que possibilita a prática reflexiva do professor e evidencia as crianças no processo educativo, porém os resultados denunciam os escassos espaços e tempos legitimados nas instituições infantis para a reflexão em equipe, além de propor um olhar mais atento à extensa produção de registros, em especial as fotografias, que se constituem arquivos de memória pouco apresentados às crianças e pouco utilizados no âmbito educacional qualitativamente. / The relation between the production of the records in child education and how much they are configured as pedagogical documentation providing the reflexive practice and the look at the babies is what this research intended to understand. From the conception of pedagogical documentation defended by the pedagogies of the North of Italy and the Associação Criança in Portugal, it is understood that it is a valuable tool to teachers, children and the educational community, which, by sharing the everyday processes of pedagogical actions, contributes to the reflexive attitude of teachers and the visibility of the children. The investigation of qualitative type was configured as a case study involving three teachers from a nursery group in a university childcare center at the city of São Paulo. The data involves essentially the records of pedagogical type of these teachers and the monitoring of their practices with the babies. In seeking to understand how the babies are evidenced in the reflexive practice of the teacher that is instrumented through the records and the pedagogical documentation, the intention was to answer three questions essentially: 1) How do the periodic records evince the look at the babies?; 2) How can the records become pedagogical documentation with a view in the planning and evaluation of the practices?; 3) How is the pedagogical documentation at the service of the reflexive practice of the teacher? The data confirm a qualified practice with babies, a fundamental element for the reflexive practice to happen in an exploited way by the registers, which in turn become powerful pedagogical documentation if achieving the learning processes of the babies in addition to the achievement of esthetic and visual products. The pedagogical documentation can represent a new path to the childhood education to the extent that it enables the reflexive practice of the teacher and evidences the children in the educational process, but the results denounce the scarce spaces and legitimized time in the children institutions for the team reflection, besides of proposing a more attentive look to the extensive production of registers, specially photographs, which become memory files that are little presented to the children and little used in the educational field in terms of quality.
135

Entre a fralda e a lousa: um estudo sobre identidades docentes em berçários / Between diapers and the blackboard: a study about teachers\' identities in nurseries.

Rosmari Pereira de Oliveira 04 December 2013 (has links)
Neste trabalho, apresento uma pesquisa sobre identidades docentes em berçários desenvolvida em um Centro de Educação Infantil (CEI) na cidade de São Paulo. Inspirada em abordagens biográficas e num enfoque qualitativo, realizei um estudo empírico por meio de entrevistas, do qual participaram sete professoras e um professor de educação infantil, que atuavam com crianças de 0 a 2 anos de idade. Com base no histórico da instituição nas últimas décadas, destacando-se a passagem das creches (hoje CEIs) do âmbito de órgãos assistenciais para a Secretaria Municipal de Educação em 2001, e a partir da análise das narrativas das docentes e do docente, procurei identificar aspectos relevantes para a compreensão do processo de constituição de suas identidades profissionais diante das demandas do trabalho específico com bebês no contexto de uma rede pública de ensino. Buscando aproximar a abordagem dos estudos culturais ao campo da educação infantil, a investigação teve como pressupostos teóricos algumas concepções de Stuart Hall, Nestor Canclini, Michel Foucault, entre outros, para tecer relações entre identidade, cultura, gênero e poder, em um enfoque interdisciplinar. Os dados obtidos apontaram a existência de especificidades na prática docente em berçários, sobretudo as atividades envolvendo os cuidados dos bebês, que foram naturalizados como atributos femininos e que, hoje, não são valorizados em contextos escolares. Tendo em vista a divisão entre trabalho intelectual e trabalho manual que permeia a carreira do magistério e a sociedade de um modo geral, verifiquei que esse mesmo antagonismo se expressava nos embates sobre o enunciado cuidar e educar, um dos atuais paradigmas da educação infantil, e também nas relações de poder no âmbito da instituição. Assim, para justificar a sua permanência como docentes em berçários ou valorizar a sua profissão, os sujeitos encontravam diferentes estratégias identitárias, buscando ajustar a sua atividade concreta com os bebês às suas representações de um modelo ideal de docência. As análises indicaram também que o atendimento de bebês demandava a articulação de múltiplos aspectos (saberes passados de geração em geração, crenças, conhecimentos científicos, diretrizes pedagógicas etc.), evidenciando que as práticas nos berçários se desenvolviam a partir de um processo de hibridação de culturas, embora os discursos dos sujeitos assumissem formas binárias ao procurar ajustar as suas experiências ao enunciado cuidar e educar, numa oposição em que o cuidar associava-se a práticas do passado e o educar ao novo ideal de seu papel como docentes. Desse modo, a aproximação entre os estudos culturais e o campo da educação infantil contribuiu para que se evidenciassem os entre-lugares em que tais identidades docentes se constituíam, mostrando-se como um caminho a ser percorrido em futuras pesquisas sobre esse campo de atuação profissional. / In this essay I present a research about teachers identities in nurseries, developed in a educational center for children (CEI) in the city of São Paulo. Inspired by biographical approaches and a qualitative focus, I ran an empirical study through interviews with seven female teachers and one male teacher of early childhood education, all of them working with children from zero to two years of age. On the basis of the history of the institution in the last decades, highlighting the passage of daycare centers (today called CEIs) the scope of charitable bodies to the Municipal Secretary of Education in 2001, and from the analysis of the narratives from the teachers, I have tried to identify aspects which were relevant to the understanding of the constitution process of their professional identities in front of the demands of the specific work with babies in the context of a public school network. Seeking to bring the approach of cultural studies to the field of early childhood education, the research had theoretical assumptions based on some concepts of Stuart Hall, Nestor Canclini, Michel Foucault, and others, to weave relationships between identity, culture, gender and power, through an interdisciplinary approach. The data obtained indicated the existence of specifications on teaching practice, inside nurseries. Especially those activities involving the handle of babies, which naturally appears as female attributes and that, today, are not valued in school contexts. Having in sight the segregation between intellectual work and manual labor that permeates the career of the magisterial, and the society in general, I have noticed that this same antagonism is expressed in debates on \"caring and educating\", one of the current paradigms of child education, and also in the relations of power within the institution. Thus, to justify their permanence as teachers in nurseries or revalue their profession, the subjects found different identities strategies, trying to adjust their concrete dealing with the babies to the speech about an ideal model of educating. The analysis also indicated that the care of babies demanded the linkage of multiple aspects (knowledge passed from generation to generation, beliefs, scientific knowledge, pedagogical guidelines etc) evidencing that the practices in nurseries developed from a process of hybridization of cultures, although the subjects\' discourse changed to binary forms, when adjusting their experiences to the enunciated caring and educating, in a turning table game, where caring was associated to practices of the past and educating was the new ideal mold of their role as teachers. In This way, the closeness between the cultural studies and the field of early childhood education, has contributed to highlight the between-places in which such teachers\' identities were constituted, showing that is a path to be taken in future research on this field of professional practice.
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Analýza krizové komunikace kauzy: Záměna dětí v třebíčské nemocnici / Analysis of Crisis Communication in the Babies Switched at Birth in the Hospital of Třebíč Case

Böhm, Jiří January 2012 (has links)
The theoretical part of this thesis focuses mainly on crisis communication and its goal is to pinpoint its instruments, principles and regularities. The theoretical part also defines the concept of crisis and offers an adequate guide on what action should management take in individual periods of crisis. Apart from crisis communication and crisis management, it also explains the regularities of media analysis, which is used as an information portfolio for the second, practical part. The result is an evaluation of crisis communication during the events of "babies switched at birth in the hospital of Třebíč" from the hospital's perspective, mostly based on aforementioned media analysis. Adequate recommendations are proposed, based on the results.
137

The Expression of Emotional Warmth: Ethnotheories of Rural and Urban Indian Mothers and Grandmothers

Abels, Monika 05 September 2007 (has links)
In this thesis ethnotheories on the expression of emotional warmth towards babies were studied, considering socio-economic and cultural factors. It was proposed that the more relatedness is emphasized as a socialization goal the more emphasis is also put on the expression of emotional warmth. Furthermore, the modality, in which emotional warmth is perceived to be ideally expressed, was expected to be related to the extent the participants want to foster autonomy. Autonomy-fostering caregivers were expected to stress distal modes of expressing emotional warmth more, than less autonomy-fostering caregivers. These two hypotheses were tested with mothers (and grandmothers) of three-month-old children from Germany, USA, urban and rural India. The hypotheses were predominantly confirmed, though some methodological issues are reasons for concern. The applicability of the (Western) psychological theories on the expression of emotional warmth towards infants perceived by Indian caregivers was explored. The Indian caregivers ethnotheories matched the psychological theories fairly well. However, other concepts were also mentioned frequently. Therefore open-ended methods were used to study the indigenous concept of the Evil Eye . Some rural Indian mothers considered looking at the baby while breastfeeding, or praising the baby as a potential danger. Finally, the different caregivers roles as perceived by urban Indian mothers and rural Indian mothers and grandmothers were explored. The mother was seen as the most important caregiver for the expression of warmth towards an infant, though rural and urban caregivers disagreed about the reasons for her being special. Other (unspecified) family members were mentioned frequently. Fathers were perceived in different roles by urban and rural mothers, though they agreed on them being providers of vocal or verbal stimulation for the child. The mothers regarded the grandmothers as a source of advice and support in child-rearing matters.
138

Jaiguawa: regalos personalizados para bebes / Jaiguawa: personalized gifts for babies

Arroyo Huere, Sayumi Rosa, Suarez Huaman, Yener Hanley, Vasquez Tong, Rafael Nicolás, Yachas Palomares, Evelyn, Zapana Nina, Yesenia 06 July 2019 (has links)
El crecimiento poblacional es importante para el desarrollo de un país. La mayoría de las familias se organizan para celebrar la llegada del recién nacido, ya sea a lo grande realizando un babyshower o haciendo una pequeña reunión familiar. Para tales acontecimientos, se tiene que elegir un regalo especial que sea útil y detallista. Los invitados o familiares a dichos eventos tienen distintas opciones para elegir el presente a regalar, tales como un conjunto de ropa, coches, pañales o juguetes. Aunque las primeras opciones sea lo más común que se regala en este evento, existe una opción más personalizada para sacar de lo común aquel obsequio y convertirlo en el mejor detalle para regalar en dicha ocasión. “Jaiguawa” nace con la idea de brindar el mejor obsequio para la madre y el recién nacido, un arreglo de ropa de bebé con distintas presentaciones usando diversos accesorios de calidad para su mejor presentación, estos productos pueden llegar a ser de manera personalizada, de esta manera poder crear ese regalo u obsequio que nuestro cliente desee. Las personas que suelen trabajar y no tienen tiempo para encontrar un buen presente, tienden a comprar el regalo a última hora incluso retrasando su llegada al evento. Jaiguawa al ser una tienda online, realiza envíos vía delivery que permite evitar dichos sucesos y dando facilidades a nuestros clientes ahorrándose el tiempo invertido al buscar regalos de manera presencial. / Population growth is important for the development of a country. Most families organize to celebrate the arrival of the newborn, either in a big way by doing a babyshower or making a small family reunion. For such events, you have to choose a special gift that is useful and detailed. The guests or family members to these events have different options to choose the present, such as a set of clothes, cars for baby, diapers or toys. Although the first options are the most common that is given in this event, there is a more personalized option to take that gift out of the ordinary and turn it into the best detail to give on that occasion. "Jaiguawa" was born with the idea of providing the best gift for the mother and the newborn, an arrangement of baby clothes with different presentations using various quality accessories for their best presentation, these products can become personalized, in this way being able to create that gift or gift that our customer wants. People who usually work and don’t have time to find a good present, tend to buy the gift at the last minute even delaying their arrival at the event. Jaiguawa, being an online store, carries out shipments via delivery that allows to avoid such events and giving facilities to our clients saving the time invested when they look for a gift in person. / Trabajo de investigación
139

Rock-a-buy Baby: Consumerism By New, First-time Mothers

Afflerback, Sara 01 January 2012 (has links)
Rock-a-Buy Baby: Consumerism by New, First-Time Mothers, is the first known sociological exploration of need-based consumption for babies, despite the baby gear industry being a $6-billion-dollar business (whattoexpect.com). Data stemmed from qualitative, semistructured interviews with new, first-time mothers (3 months – 1 year postpartum) conducted within participants‘ households. The insights gained from the present study tell us a great deal about the ―needs‖ that predominantly white, middle-class mothers socially constructed in anticipation of their first child, and the consumptive behaviors used to accomplish these "needs." Respondents had turned to similar resources (other mothers, online forums, consumer reports, books, magazines, etc.) to help them construct ―need‖ and formulate decisions among commodities. Provided they were relying on comparable, if not overlapping, bodies of knowledge, mothers‘ narratives about consumer ―need‖ were often congruent. Additionally, the ways expectant mothers accumulated items are ritualized and made tradition. The baby shower and gift registration process (which all of my respondents participated in to some variation) are social constructions; these practices, which are so strongly tied to consumption, also constituted reality for mothers, and inevitably, their babies.
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Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att möta föräldrar till fullgångna barn på neonatalavdelning : En intervjustudie / Nurses´ experiences of meeting parents of full-term children in the neonatal ward

Blom, Cecilia, Lindholm, Susanne January 2022 (has links)
Bakgrund: Det finns relativt lite forskning hur sjuksköterskor upplever mötet med fullgångna barn och deras föräldrar på neonatalavdelning. Av de barn som föds vårdas 10% på neonatalavdelning och två tredjedelar av dessa är fullgångna barn. Inom neonatalvård är målet att arbeta familjecentrerat vilket innebär att involvera familjen i vården av barnet. För att lyckas med detta på ett bra sätt krävs en god relation mellan sjuksköterskan och familjen. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att belysa sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att möta föräldrar till fullgångna barn på neonatalavdelning. Metod: En intervjustudie som analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Tre teman framkom från analysen där ett tema var att finnas nära,med tre subteman: vikten av god relation där sjuksköterskorna berättade om svårigheter i bemötandet på grund av ovisshet och okunskap hos föräldrarna samt vikten av att finnas nära för att skapa en god relation. Att förmedla trygghet fick sjuksköterskorna göra genom att stötta föräldrarna i omvårdnaden av sitt barn där de inledningsvis fick ge föräldrarna mycket tid. Att ge handledning på olika sätt via nätet eller under en omvårdnadssituation och att hela tiden hålla föräldrarna uppdaterade. Ett annat tema som framkom var att arbeta med familjen i fokus med två subteman: att invänta föräldrarna där sjuksköterskorna arbetar utifrån familjecentrerad vård där föräldrarna involverades tidigt i vården men att det också fanns hinder för familjecentrerad vård. Att stödja anknytningen genom att se till att föräldrarna fick vara nära barnet samt uppmuntra dem att vara med sitt barn. Hinder för anknytningen kunde vara syskon hemma eller frånvaro av föräldrar på grund av andra orsaker. Temat sjuksköterskans arbetsmiljö som framkom av analysen innehöll två subteman: givande arbete där sjuksköterskor tyckte att det var givande att ta hand om fullgånget barn och dess föräldrar och att få följa barnets utveckling tillsammans med föräldrarna. Subtemat utmaningar i arbetet kunde yttra sig i tidsbrist där ett bra samarbete med kollegor blev en viktig komponent. Även erfarenhet och utbildning var av stor vikt. Slutsats: Att arbeta som sjuksköterska på en neonatalavdelning kan vara utmanande, en utmaning som framträtt i studien är att möta föräldrar till fullgångna barn på ett gott sätt. Föräldrarna kräver naturligt uppmärksamhet, ofta baserat på ovisshet och okunskap när det gäller neonatalvård. Sjuksköterskorna upplever det som tidskrävande men också givande att stötta dessa föräldrar i den viktiga anknytningen till barnet. De intervjuade sjuksköterskorna påtalar föräldrars behov av sjuksköterskornas närvaro och vikten av god information om barnets utveckling. I resultatet framkom att sjuksköterskorna ibland kände tidspress och att det finns behov av utbildning för att kunna möta och stötta föräldrarna till det fullgångna barnet. / Background: Research into nurses’ experiense in meeting full-term babies and their parents in the neonatal ward is scarce. 10% out of all newborn babies are cared for in the neonatal ward and out of these, two-thirds are full-term babies. The neonatal ward has a goal to adopt familycentered care for the baby which means involvement of the parents in the care. This means that it is essential for a good relationship between the nurse and the family. Aim: This study aims to highlight the nurses’ experiences in meeting the parents of the full-term babies in the neonatal ward. Method: The method chosen in this study is an interview study that has been analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Three themes emerged from the analysis where one theme was to be close with three sub-themes: the importance of a good relationship where the nurses articulated difficulties in the meeting with the parents originating from uncertainty and ignorance as well as the emotional response from the parents to the full-term babies. Conveying safety was managed by the nurses by supporting the parents in their care for their child, which meant that the nurses had to provide plenty of time to the parents in the beginning. To provide guidance in different ways through the internet or in person and to always keep the parents informed of the development of the baby. Another theme that surfaced was work with the family in focus on two sub-themes: To wait for the parents where the nurse works from a familycentered care perspective and involves the parents at an early stage. to support the connectionby assuring that the parents get to be near their child as well as encouraging them to be close. Obstacles to connecting with the child in care can be competition from siblings at home or other reasons that prevent the parents from being present. The theme the nurse's work environmentthat emerged from the analysis contained two sub-themes: rewarding work where the nurses appreciated the care taking of the full-term babies and their parents and following the development together with the parents. Challenges in work from lack of time were aided by good teamwork which became an essential factor. Also, experience and education were of great importance. Conclusion: To work as a nurse in the neonatal ward presented challenges with respect to meeting parents to full-term babies. The parents required attention due to experienced uncertainty and lack of knoweldge on neonatal care. The nurses experienced this as time consuming but also as rewarding with regards to supporting parents in their connection to the cared for child. The nurses interviewed mentioned the need from the parents that the nurses were present and informed the parents in best possible way. From the results it was also evident that the nurses sometimes experience lack of time and that they felt a need for education to meet and support the parents to the full-term babies.

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