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21	Il ruolo della deontologia medica nel sistema delle fonti del diritto : un'analisi comparata / Le rôle de la déontologie médicale dans les sources du droit : Analyse comparée / The role of medical ethics as a source of law : a comparative analysis Pulice, Elisabetta 23 September 2014 (has links) L'objet de la thèse, préparée dans le cadre de la convention de co-tutelle entre l’Université de Trento en Italie et l’Université Paris Ouest Nanterre la Défense en France, consiste dans une analyse comparée du rôle de la déontologie médicale dans les sources du droit en Italie, France et Allemagne. Le spectre d’analyse adopté est double. On cherche d’abord à rendre compte des aspects architecturaux des rapports entre droit et déontologie médicale ; ce faisant, on concentre l’analyse sur les modalités de la codification de l’éthique professionnelle en France, en Allemagne et en Italie, sur le pouvoir normatif des ordres professionnels, et sur la valeur juridique des codes de déontologie médicale et leur intégration dans le système des sources du droit. En second lieu, on cherche, dans une perspective plus substantielle, à comprendre les relations entre droit et déontologie, et notamment le rôle de la déontologie médicale dans le domaine du biodroit. Ce spectre d’analyse est en outre élargi à la procédure disciplinaire et à la perspective européenne. La première partie de la thèse est dédiée à certaines remarques préliminaires et notamment à un effort de définition de la déontologie médicale, à certaines « questions ouvertes » de son rapport avec le droit et à la relation, en perspective comparée, entre langue et droit dans la signification du mot « déontologie ». La seconde partie est dédiée à la codification de l’éthique professionnelle, alors que le rôle de la déontologie médicale dans le biodroit est l’objet de la troisième partie. La quatrième partie concerne la procédure disciplinaire et, finalement, la cinquième partie est dédiée à la reconstruction et l’analyse critique des résultats de la comparaison, à la perspective européenne et à la proposition d’un nouveau modèle italien des rapports entre le droit et la déontologie médicale. / The thesis aims at analysing, from a comparative perspective, the role of medical ethics in Italy, France and Germany. The survey focuses on both the formal and substantive aspects of the relationships between law and medical ethics. As to the first issue, the thesis analyses the codification of medical ethics, the normative function of the medical councils, the binding value of the codes of medical ethics and their position in the hierarchy of norms. With regard to the second aspect, the role of medical ethics is studied from a more substantial perspective, analysing the concrete interrelations between law and medical ethics in the field of biolaw. The survey is then extended to the disciplinary procedure and to the European level. In the first part, the relationships between law and medical ethics are analysed from a linguistic perspective, aiming at underlining some specific features of the concepts referred to as “déontologie”, “deontologia” or “Standesrecht” and “Berufsordnung” in France, Italy and Germany. This part also deals with some “open questions” characterising the relationships between medical ethics and the law. The second part concerns the codification of medical ethics, while its role in the field of biolaw is analysed in the third part. The fourth part deals with deontological liability and disciplinary procedures. Lastly, the fifth part aims at elaborating a theoretical reconstruction of the results of the comparative analysis, at highlighting the main roles of medical ethics at the European level and at suggesting a different model for the relationships between law and medical ethics in the Italian system. / L’obiettivo della tesi è un’analisi comparata del ruolo della deontologia medica nel sistema delle fonti del diritto in Italia, Francia e Germania. Per tenere conto della complessità del rapporto tra diritto e deontologia, sono stati analizzati sia gli aspetti formali di tale rapporto, sia i profili sostanziali del ruolo della deontologia medica nel biodiritto. Nella prima parte alcune considerazioni preliminari e l’analisi linguistica hanno permesso di definire l’ambito di indagine e i profili di maggiore complessità del rapporto tra dimensione deontologica e dimensione giuridica sui quali nelle parti successive si è concentrata l’indagine. La seconda parte, dedicata alla codificazione dell’etica medica, ha messo in luce la varietà di soluzioni e di modalità di ingresso della norma deontologica nell’ordinamento giuridico. Nella terza parte sono stati analizzati il ruolo della deontologia medica nell’ambito del biodiritto e l’influenza di alcuni fattori particolarmente rilevanti sull’evoluzione dei contenuti concreti dei codici deontologici e sulla loro portata pratica. La quarta parte è dedicata alla violazione della deontologia e ai procedimenti disciplinari. Infine la parte conclusiva contiene una ricostruzione teorica dei risultati emersi dall’analisi comparata, lo studio di alcuni profili legati alla dimensione europea della deontologia e la proposta di alcune ipotesi di riforma per un modello italiano più coerente, flessibile ed efficace dei rapporti tra diritto e deontologia. Déontologie Biodroit Droit public comparé Sources du droit Procédure disciplinaire Relation médecin-patient Medical ethics Sources of law Biolaw Comparative public law Disciplinary procedure Patient-physician relationship Deontologia Biodiritto Diritto pubblico comparato Fonti del diritto Procedura disciplinare Relazione medico-paziente 340
22	LIMITES ÉTICO-JURÍDICOS DAS PESQUISAS COM CÉLULAS-TRONCO EMBRIONÁRIAS: a histórica decisão do STF no atual Estado Democrático de Direito brasileiro / ETHICAL AND LEGAL LIMITS OF RESEARCH ON STEM CELLS EMBRYONIC: the historic Supreme Court decision in the current Democratic State Brazilian Law Gomes, Ana Zélia Jansen Saraiva 14 April 2010 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA ZELIA JANSEN SARAIVA GOMES.pdf: 382708 bytes, checksum: d4a06d04b79581bd8bab21baebc7e467 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-14 / A review the decision of the Supreme Court ruled as a constitutional law 11.105/05 (Biosafety Law) concerning the possibility of using embryonic stem cells for scientific research derived from the manipulation of frozen embryos more than three years or impractical for human reproduction. The decision became historic because it can generate the 1st public hearing held by the Supreme Court that, besides having to deal with issues that at first escaped legal issues, such as the beginning of human life in a biomedical perspective. Throughout the analysis, there is a new insight into the legal issues is becoming increasingly a social need, particularly when discussing issues related to human life and ethics, as these create a number of consequences that impact directly the legal environment. The search for solutions to such problems is presented as urgent in view of social harmony, which is necessary to rescue the constitutional principles as a means able to balance tensions between science presented, Law and Ethics. Thus, they are justified in the light of Biolaw and Democratic State of Brazil, the advantages, disadvantages and consequences of permitting such research, so that we can finally analyze the favorable decision of the Supreme Court for the research, which allows, in the near future, be formulated and implemented policies regarding the issues under investigation. / A análise da decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal que julgou constitucional a lei 11.105/05 (Lei de Biossegurança), referente à possibilidade de utilização de célulastronco embrionárias para pesquisas científicas obtidas a partir da manipulação de embriões congelados há mais de três anos ou inviáveis para a reprodução humana. A decisão se tornou histórica em virtude de ter gerado a 1ª audiência pública realizada por aquela Corte Suprema, além de ter que enfrentar temas que, a princípio, fugiam ao âmbito jurídico, como por exemplo, o início da vida humana em uma perspectiva biomédica. Ao longo da análise, observa-se que uma nova visão sobre as questões jurídicas constitui-se cada vez mais uma necessidade social, especialmente quando se discute temas relacionados à vida humana e sua ética, visto que estas criam diversas conseqüências que repercutem de forma direta no âmbito jurídico. A busca de soluções para tais situações apresenta-se como urgência tendo em vista a harmonia social, o que faz necessário o resgate dos princípios constitucionais como meio capaz de equilibrar tensões apresentadas entre Ciência, Direito e Ética. Assim, são fundamentadas, à luz do Biodireito e do Estado Democrático do Brasil, as vantagens, desvantagens e consequências da permissão de tais pesquisas, para que se possa, por fim, analisar a decisão favorável do Supremo Tribunal Federal para as pesquisas, o que permite, em um futuro próximo, serem formuladas e implementadas políticas públicas referentes à tematica em questão. Células-tronco embrionárias Ética Biodireito Supremo Tribunal Federal Embryonic Stem Cells Ethics Biolaw Democratic State of Brazil Supreme Court
23	Mourir à l’hôpital : entre droit privé et droit public : approche pratique, théorique et philosophique. / Die at the hospital : between private law and public law : practical, theoretical and philosophic approach. Tomc, Nicolas Antoine 28 November 2012 (has links) Il est quasiment devenu un lieu commun aujourd’hui de mourir à l’hôpital. Et s’il fallait traiter ce sujet, le plus souvent c’est la perspective médicale qui tenterait d’en percevoir les enjeux. C’est au tournant du milieu du XXème siècle, au lendemain d’un énième génocide, marquant l’esprit de l’humanité certainement pour l’éternité, qu’un nouveau langage bioéthique va se faire le vecteur d’une considération renouvelée de la personne. L’homme devient personne humaine dans les textes internationaux proclamant dès lors d’inédits droits de l’homme. C’est en prenant la bioéthique comme objet de réflexion qu’un certain droit de la santé, largement inspiré par la production de comités d’éthiques, a émergé d’une doctrine privatiste en premier, afin de cerner de premiers droits définissant celui qu’il serait convenu d’appeler alors le mourant. Toutefois, l’établissement public de santé confronté à la technologisation médicale, permettant alors un allongement de la fin de vie, s’est rapidement trouvé être un lieu de conflit entre ceux qui furent considérés comme des usagers de service public, et les commettants médecins de l’Etat. La primauté du droit privé de la personne semblait alors menacée, le droit administratif prenant le pouvoir afin d’indemniser les victimes de l’hôpital. Cependant, à force de réductions systématiques ne regardant la personne mourante que sous un angle génériciste, relevant d’un droit public, celle-ci s’est progressivement retrouvée parfaitement ignorée en son essence première que le droit privé parvenait à percevoir. Les formes les plus récentes de déresponsabilisation attesteraient d’une consécration de l’indemnisation finissant d’objectiviser l’être sous-jacent à la personne mourante, allant jusqu’à justifier l’acte euthanasique. L’approche réitérée de ce difficile objet d’étude trouverait à générer une réflexion que le philosophe du droit engagerait, réintroduisant la personne irréductible se manifestant comme point de départ et d’arrivée, de telle sorte que se pourrait être harmonisée la rencontre inévitable des domaines public et privé, juridique et politique, afin de rendre toute sa vérité onto-axiologique aux droits premiers du sujet mourant. / Today, dying at hospital is the most curently idea agreed in order to protect people. That’s maybe the reason why medical studies took this as an issue more than lawyer studies. It’s around the middle of the twentieth century, after one more genocide, marking the spirit of the humanity certainly for all eternity, that a new bioethical language is going to be made the vector of a consideration renewed by the person. The man becomes a human-person in the international texts, proclaiming from then on of unpublished works human rights. While taking the bioethics as object of reflection a certain health law, widely inspired by the production of committees of ethics, emerged from a privatiste doctrine in the first one, to encircle first rights of the one that it would have been advisable to call then the dying. However, the public institution of health confronted with the medical technologisation, allowing then an extension of the end of life, quickly was to be a place of conflict between those who were then considered as users of public service, and principals doctors of the State. The superiority of the private law of the person seemed then threatened, the administrative law taking the power to indemnify the victims of the hospital. However, by means of systematic reductions looking at the dying person only under an angle génériciste, recovering from a public law, this one gradually found itself perfectly ignored in the first essence which the private law succeeded in perceiving. The most recent forms of deresponsabilisation would give evidence of a consecration of the compensation stopping an objectivisation the underlying being to the dying, going person to justify the euthanasic act. The approach repeated by this difficult object of study would find to generate a reflection which the philosopher of the right(law) would engage, reintroducing the person inflexible as point of departure and arrival, so that could be harmonized the inevitable meeting of the public and private, legal and political domains, to return all its onto-axiological truth to the first rights of the dying subject. Droit privé de la personne Droit public Droit pénal Droits de l’homme Droit de la santé Philosophie du droit Métaphysique Autonomie de la volonté Incapacité Mourant Hôpital Humanisme Idéalisme Réalisme Bioéthique Sujet de droit Malade Mort Euthanasie Responsabilité Obligation Indemnisation Usager de service public Contractualisation Médecin Condition potestative Personne de confiance Accompagnement CCNE Souffrance Soins palliatifs Cadavre Platon Aristote Kant Heidegger Biodroit Private law of the person Public law Criminal law Human rights Health law Philosophy of the right(law) Metaphysics Autonomy of the will The incapacity Dying Hospital Humanism Idealism Realism Bioethics Bioright(biolaw) Subject of right(law) Patient Death Euthanasia Responsibility Bond Compensation User of public service Contractualization Doctor Condition potestative Reliable person Accompaniment CCNE Suffering Care palliatives Corpse Platon Aristote Heidegger Kant 340

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Il ruolo della deontologia medica nel sistema delle fonti del diritto : un'analisi comparata / Le rôle de la déontologie médicale dans les sources du droit : Analyse comparée / The role of medical ethics as a source of law : a comparative analysis

Mourir à l’hôpital : entre droit privé et droit public : approche pratique, théorique et philosophique. / Die at the hospital : between private law and public law : practical, theoretical and philosophic approach.