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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
181

O olhar desencantado em ensaio sobre a cegueira de José Saramago / The look disenchanted in Blindness by José Saramago

Silva, Adriana Gonçalves da 01 April 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:44:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1182245 bytes, checksum: e7a82f84959016b65f3f62063c1d2bac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-01 / Blindness, written by Jose Saramago, has causing many research interests since its publication in 1995. Considering the novel as a socially symbolic narrative, an undeniable characteristic of the book is related to the very unique time in which the story occurs: the end of the millennium. On the eve of the twenty-first century, the society represented by the Portuguese writer has not learned to deal with the remaining problems from the Modern Age. The scientificism inherited from earlier centuries as well as the utopian hope that reason would provide the world with a new meaning, is one of the ways in which the process of disenchantment of the world develops itself in the last centuries. Since we notice that the world is in a heightened stage of this process, possibly without return, we see the novel as a deep Saramago criticism to the social model of capitalism: out of this parameter there is not a possible idea of civilization to the characters and the fear of barbarism practices emerges. Individuals present in Blindness when beset by the white evil do not show humanity and dignity as we see in the current moral social standards. This work aims to analyze, based on the weberian sociology, how the termination of a disenchanted world is constructed in the novel, questioning the possibilities for a re-enchantment through the experience of blindness and inquiring the motivations to the fact that the doctor s wife is the only visionary remaining in a world of blind people. / Ensaio sobre a cegueira, de José Saramago, vem suscitando desde sua publicação em 1995, inúmeros interesses de pesquisa. Tomando a obra como uma narrativa socialmente simbólica, uma das facetas inegáveis está justamente relacionada ao tempo muito singular no qual se insere: o de fim de milênio. Às vésperas do século XXI, a sociedade ainda não aprendeu a lidar com problemas e circunstâncias muito particulares provindos da modernidade. O cientificismo herdado de séculos anteriores, bem como a utópica esperança de que a razão dotaria o mundo de novo sentido, configura uma das vias do processo de desencantamento do mundo em curso há alguns séculos. Mediante a percepção de que o mundo encena uma etapa intensificada deste processo, possivelmente sem volta, percebemos na obra analisada uma profunda crítica saramaguiana ante o agrilhoamento social ao modelo capitalista: fora desse parâmetro não há civilização possível para os personagens e o temor de um barbarismo emerge. Em Ensaio sobre a cegueira, os indivíduos, quando assolados pelo mal-branco, não atestam os caracteres de humanidade e dignidade correntes nos padrões sociais éticos e morais, mas se entregam às situações mais abjectas. Os objetivos da pesquisa se configuram, portanto, em analisar, a partir da vertente sociológica weberiana, de que forma a denúncia deste mundo desencantado é feita na obra, verificando quais as possibilidades de um reencantamento mediante a experiência da cegueira e cogitando respostas ao fato de a mulher do médico permanecer como a única visionária restante.
182

Incidência e avaliação do fluxo de recém-nascidos com o teste do reflexo vermelho alterado nos Departamentos Regionais de Saúde II, VI, IX e XI do estado de São Paulo / The incidence and the assessment of healthcare assistance flow of abnormal results of Red Reflex Tests in live births reported by the Regional Healthcare Departments DRS II, VI, IX and XI in the state of São Paulo

Madi, Ana Carolina Goyos [UNESP] 18 August 2017 (has links)
Submitted by ANA CAROLINA GOYOS MADI null (aninhamadi@hotmail.com) on 2017-10-11T01:57:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Incidência e Avaliação do Fluxo de Recém-Nascidos com o Teste do Reflexo Vermelho Alterado nos Departamentos Regionais de Saúde II, VI, IX e XI do Estado de São Paulo.pdf: 983136 bytes, checksum: d276babbca18caf41e0b47fcade9c154 (MD5) / Rejected by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido está sem a ficha catalográfica. A versão submetida por você é considerada a versão final da dissertação/tese, portanto não poderá ocorrer qualquer alteração em seu conteúdo após a aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão contendo o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-10-11T18:39:13Z (GMT) / Submitted by ANA CAROLINA GOYOS MADI null (aninhamadi@hotmail.com) on 2017-10-13T02:01:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Incidência e Avaliação do Fluxo de Recém-Nascidos com o Teste do Reflexo Vermelho Alterado nos Departamentos Regionais de Saúde II, VI, IX e XI do Estado de São Paulo.pdf: 1034154 bytes, checksum: 987d2f3911315b84de8f065d0f3a76ca (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-10-18T16:51:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 madi_acg_me_bot.pdf: 1034154 bytes, checksum: 987d2f3911315b84de8f065d0f3a76ca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-18T16:51:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 madi_acg_me_bot.pdf: 1034154 bytes, checksum: 987d2f3911315b84de8f065d0f3a76ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / Objetivo: Avaliar o fluxo assistencial e a incidência do Teste do Reflexo Vermelho (TRV) alterado em nascidos vivos das DRS II, VI, IX e XI do estado de São Paulo, por meio de informações fornecidas pela Linha de Cuidados do Exame do Olhinho. Métodos: Realizado um estudo observacional, longitudinal e retrospectivo, por meio da análise de dados do sistema de informações da Central de Regulação e Ofertas de Serviços de Saúde (CROSS). Foram analisados dados referentes ao resultado do Teste do Reflexo Vermelho (normal, duvidoso ou alterado) no período de outubro de 2015 a setembro de 2016, das Maternidades, dos Hospitais que realizam parto, dos Centros de Reteste (destino 1) e dos Centros de Referência (destino 2), da região que tem como destino 2 o Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (HCFMB) – UNESP (DRS II, VI, IX e XI do estado de São Paulo). Resultados: Observou-se que 257 RN tiveram o TRV classificado por médicos não oftalmologistas como alterado/duvidoso nas maternidades e em hospitais que realizam parto, sendo 63 no DRS II, 115 no DRS VI, 33 no DRS IX e 46 no DRS XI. Considerando o número total de 55.291 NV, em média 0,465% dos testes realizados nas maternidades/ hospitais da região foram classificados como alterados ou duvidosos, necessitando de exame com o oftalmologista (aproximadamente 1:200 NV). Dos 236 RN que passaram pelo reteste, sete (2,96%) tiveram o teste confirmadamente alterado. Sendo assim 97,04% dos testes das maternidades/ hospitais foram falso positivos. Dos sete RN com TRV alterado, quatro (57,2%) não chegaram ao destino 2, um faleceu, dois não foram agendados e outro não compareceu. Não consta reconvocação ou busca ativa destas crianças no sistema. Os três RN atendidos pelo HCFMB (destino 2) tiveram os seguintes diagnósticos: catarata polar anterior no olho direito, membrana inflamatória retiniana em olho esquerdo e coriorretinite por toxoplasmose bilateral. Conclusão: A incidência do Teste do Reflexo Vermelho confirmadamente alterado foi de 1,27: 10.000 nascidos vivos e o nosso estudo evidenciou falhas no fluxo assistencial quanto ao agendamento, busca ativa e/ ou registro de pacientes faltosos. / Objective: To review the flow of healthcare assistance and the incidence of abnormal results of Red Reflex Tests (RRT) in live births reported by the Regional Healthcare Departments DRS II, VI, IX and XI in the state of São Paulo, using information provided by the Eye Examination Healthcare Line. Methods: An observational, longitudinal and retrospective study was conducted using data from the Central de Regulação e Ofertas dos Serviços de Saúde -- CROSS [Centre for Control and Provision of Healthcare Services]. The study covered results of Red Reflex Tests (normal, inconclusive, abnormal) throughout the period October 2015 to September 2016 conducted at Maternity Units, Delivery Hospitals, Retest Centres (Destination 1) and Specialized Centres (Destination 2) in the region which had, as Destination 2, the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu*HCFMB) [Botucatu Medical School General Hospital] UNESP (DRS II, VI, IX and XI of the state of São Paulo). Results: It was observed that the RRT for 257 neonates was classified by nonophthalmologists as altered / inconclusive in Maternity hospitals and Delivery hospitals, 63 in DRS II; 115 in DRS VI; 33 in DRS IX; and 46 in DRS XI. Considering a total of 55,291 neonates, on average 0.465% of tests conducted at Maternity hospitals / hospitals in the general region were classified as abnormal or inconclusive and required examination by an ophthalmologist (approximately 1:200 neonates). Of the 236 neonates who underwent retesting, seven (2.96%) had the abnormal diagnosis reconfirmed. Thus, 97.04% of tests conducted at Maternity / Delivery hospitals were false positive. Of the seven neonates with abnormal RRT, four (57.2%) did not make it to Destination 2; one died; two were not scheduled; and another did not turn up on the scheduled date. No recall or active search for these infants was recorded in the system. The three children treated at the HCFMB (Destination 2) were diagnosed to have: anterior polar cataract in the right eye; retinal inflammatory membrane in the left eye; and bilateral toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis. Conclusion: The incidence of confirmed diagnoses of abnormal Red Reflex Tests was 1.27: 10,000 live births, and our study showed evidence of flaws in the flow of healthcare assistance, mainly in relation to scheduling active search and/or recording patients who failed to attend.
183

Percursos para novas imagens: a produ??o audiovisual por n?o videntes

Maia, Renato 24 February 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RenatoM_DISSERT.pdf: 599574 bytes, checksum: 204397799e89e81094685848b336445c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-24 / The purpose is to write a reflection on the audiovisual production by the visually impaired. The starting point for this research was a documentary video production workshop offered by the Instituto de Educa??o e Reabilita??o de Cegos do Rio Grande do Norte - IERC / RN, with the participation of blind people with low vision and sighted employees of the institution. The research approach follows the precepts of complex thinking, where work is woven into the network, along with the researched. The theoretical framework is based on the theory of French sociologist Edgar Morin, and other important thinkers for this work, namely: Erving Goffman, Paulo Freire, Michel Foucault, Edward Said, Jacques Aumont, Phillpe Dubois, as well as scholars who think and theorize about his own condition and conduct discussions on the issue of blindness: Francisco Jose de Lima, Evgen Bavcar Jacques Lusseyran and Joana Belarmino. The research was formulated based on the statement in the interest of respondents to understand and produce visual images using video as a tool. In this sense, the methodology adopted approaches of action research in constructing the text and dialogue with the participation of those involved in the project. The technique of gathering the information was based on ethnographic description describing the dynamics of the workshop, the relationships between participants, relationship to the other that sees and the manner of operation of equipment. The main focus is the relationship based on dialogue of information, attitudes and ways of knowing from experience and capacity developed and obstacles for blind people to produce visual images using other benchmarks, such as touch, smell and time dimension and space, and add references that give new meaning to the guidelines based on visuality of ministering to the workshop. It is also held to discuss aspects related to the concept of image with sociological reflection about the audiovisual production made by blind people socially constructed and perpetuated by what Edgar Morin called cultural imprinting. Thus we attempted to walk the route with its obstacles and achievements in the production of new images that were seen / O prop?sito do trabalho ? fazer uma reflex?o sobre a produ??o audiovisual por deficientes visuais. O ponto de partida desta pesquisa foi uma Oficina de Produ??o de V?deodocument?rio oferecida pelo Instituto de Educa??o e Reabilita??o de Cegos do Rio Grande do Norte - IERC/RN, com a participa??o de pessoas cegas, com baixa vis?o e videntes colaboradores da institui??o. A abordagem da pesquisa segue os preceitos do pensamento complexo, no qual o trabalho ? tecido em rede, junto com os pesquisados. O referencial te?rico ? fundamentado na teoria do soci?logo franc?s Edgar Morin, al?m de outros pensadores importantes para este trabalho, a saber: Erving Goffman, Paulo Freire, Michel Foucault, Edward Said, Jacques Aumont, Phillpe Dubois, bem como estudiosos que pensam e teorizam sobre sua pr?pria condi??o e realizam discuss?es sobre a quest?o da cegueira: Francisco Jos? de Lima, Evgen Bavcar, Jacques Lusseyran e Joana Belarmino. A pesquisa foi formulada a partir da constata??o do interesse dos pesquisados em entender e produzir imagens visuais utilizando o v?deo como ferramenta. Nesse sentido, a metodologia adotada se aproxima da pesquisa-a??o construindo o texto em di?logo e com a participa??o dos envolvidos no projeto. A t?cnica de coleta das informa??es foi fundamentada na descri??o etnogr?fica descrevendo a din?mica da oficina, as rela??es entre os participantes, a rela??o com o outro que enxerga e a forma de operacionalidade dos equipamentos. O enfoque principal ? a rela??o fundamentada no di?logo de informa??es, posturas e formas de conhecer a partir da experi?ncia desenvolvida e a capacidade e os obst?culos das pessoas cegas para produzir imagens visuais utilizando outros referenciais, tais como: o tato, o olfato e a dimens?o de tempo e espa?o, referenciais que somam e d?o um novo significado ?s orienta??es fundamentadas na visualidade dos ministrantes da oficina. Tamb?m ? realizada a discuss?o de aspectos referentes ao conceito de imagem com reflex?o sociol?gica a respeito da produ??o audiovisual feita por pessoas cegas constru?da e perpetuada socialmente atrav?s do que Edgar Morin denominou de imprinting cultural. Desse modo buscou-se percorrer os percursos, com seus obst?culos e conquistas, na produ??o dessas novas imagens que se evidenciam
184

Overshadowing Sight: The Story of Blindness in Twenty-First Century Latin American Narrative and Visual Culture

January 2018 (has links)
abstract: Coming out from under the shadow of sight, blindness has a story to tell. From Tiresias to The Miracle Worker, literary and visual representations of blindness are cornerstones of compelling tales of loss and overcoming. In support of the inherent value of sight, these conventional narratives overshadow the stories and lived experiences of blind people themselves. In light of this misrepresentation, I explore what it means to read, write, and see blindness, as well as consider the implications of being blind in present-day Latin America. I achieve this through a transnational and interdisciplinary analysis of novels, short stories, film, and photography by blind and sighted artists and writers whose work has been published or exhibited after the year 2000. In this context, I will demonstrate how blindness can serve as a lens through which the production and reception of narrative and visual culture can be critically evaluated from a blind person’s perspective. Most importantly, this dissertation showcases the critical and creative work of blind people in order to demystify stereotypes and contextualize anxieties surrounding blindness, perception, and identity. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Spanish 2018
185

An Empirical Assessment of the Magician's "Off-beat"

January 2013 (has links)
abstract: Magicians are informal cognitive scientists who regularly test their hypotheses in the real world. As such, they can provide scientists with novel hypotheses for formal psychological research as well as a real-world context in which to study them. One domain where magic can directly inform science is the deployment of attention in time and across modalities. Both magicians and scientists have an incomplete understanding of how attention operates in time, rather than in space. However, magicians have highlighted a set of variables that can create moments of visual attentional suppression, which they call "off-beats," and these variables can speak to modern models of temporal attention. The current research examines two of these variables under conditions ranging from artificial laboratory tasks to the (almost) natural viewing of magic tricks. Across three experiments, I show that the detection of subtle dot probes in a noisy visual display and pieces of sleight of hand in magic tricks can be influenced by the seemingly irrelevant rhythmic qualities of auditory stimuli (cross-modal attentional entrainment) and processes of working memory updating (akin to the attentional blink). / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Psychology 2013
186

Combining Thickness Information with Surface Tensor-based Morphometry for the 3D Statistical Analysis of the Corpus Callosum

January 2013 (has links)
abstract: In blindness research, the corpus callosum (CC) is the most frequently studied sub-cortical structure, due to its important involvement in visual processing. While most callosal analyses from brain structural magnetic resonance images (MRI) are limited to the 2D mid-sagittal slice, we propose a novel framework to capture a complete set of 3D morphological differences in the corpus callosum between two groups of subjects. The CCs are segmented from whole brain T1-weighted MRI and modeled as 3D tetrahedral meshes. The callosal surface is divided into superior and inferior patches on which we compute a volumetric harmonic field by solving the Laplace's equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We adopt a refined tetrahedral mesh to compute the Laplacian operator, so our computation can achieve sub-voxel accuracy. Thickness is estimated by tracing the streamlines in the harmonic field. We combine areal changes found using surface tensor-based morphometry and thickness information into a vector at each vertex to be used as a metric for the statistical analysis. Group differences are assessed on this combined measure through Hotelling's T2 test. The method is applied to statistically compare three groups consisting of: congenitally blind (CB), late blind (LB; onset > 8 years old) and sighted (SC) subjects. Our results reveal significant differences in several regions of the CC between both blind groups and the sighted groups; and to a lesser extent between the LB and CB groups. These results demonstrate the crucial role of visual deprivation during the developmental period in reshaping the structural architecture of the CC. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Computer Science 2013
187

"A pupila dos cegos é seu corpo inteiro" : compreendendo as sensibilidades de indivíduos cegos através das suas tessituras narrativas

Correia, Luiz Gustavo Pereira de Souza January 2007 (has links)
Esta tese tem como objetivo compreender as vivências dos processos simbólicos e as interpretações pessoais sobre a perda da visão via narrativas de indivíduos cegos habitantes de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. As abordagens teórico-metodológicas são voltadas às temporalidades diversas emaranhadas nas memórias dos personagens e recompostas nas suas narrativas, tendo como pressupostos os ritmos, as descontinuidades, os movimentos e as possibilidades de articulação próprias às trocas intersubjetivas vividas na cidade, entendida aqui como cenário onde se vinculam as experiências. As emoções expressas nas narrativas são os elementos de análise e compreensão das elaborações simbólicas dos personagens da sua localização e orientação social como indivíduos cegos. Desta forma é discutida a intersubjetividade na vivência da cegueira, como possibilidade de pensar a experiência subjetiva do corpo em seu engajamento ou enraizamento no mundo social. / The aim of this thesis is to understand the experiences of symbolic processes and personal interpretations about loss of vision by narratives of Porto Alegre’s blind inhabitants. The theoretical and methodological approaches follow the several temporalities matted in characters memories and reconstructed in their narratives. The presuppositions are the rhythms, discontinuities, movements and possible articulations peculiar to the intersubjective changes experienced in city as a set where experiences are bond. Emotions expressed in narratives are elements to analyze and understand symbolic elaborations made by characters to explain their social localisation and orientation as blind individuals. In this way, we discuss the intersubjectivity in blindness experience as a way of thinking the subjective experience in its involvement or establishment in the social world.
188

Uso de recursos da informatica na educação de escolares deficientes visuais : conhecimento, opiniões e praticas de professores / The use of computer science resources in the education of visually impaired students : teacher's knowledge, opinions and practices

Alves, Cassia Cristiane de Freitas 20 June 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Keila Miriam Monteiro de Carvalho / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T19:10:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alves_CassiaCristianedeFreitas_M.pdf: 1802231 bytes, checksum: 594193516953230790c772b9f1988782 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Realizou-se estudo analítico com os objetivos de verificar conhecimentos, opiniões e práticas de professores a respeito do uso de recursos da informática na educação de escolares deficientes visuais e verificar características de professores em relação à formação e exercício profissional. A amostra foi composta por 58 professores do ensino fundamental e médio que lecionavam para escolares deficientes visuais e 76 professores que não lecionavam para escolares deficientes visuais, embora houvesse esses escolares inclusos nas escolas em que atuavam. Foi utilizado, como instrumento de coleta de dados, questionário auto-aplicável. A maioria dos professores (96,9%) não recebeu preparo específico para atuar com escolares deficientes visuais. Quanto ao conhecimento de programas usados por escolares deficientes visuais, a totalidade dos professores desconhecia as tecnologias usadas por esses escolares. A maior proporção dos professores (85,1%) admitiu não utilizar o laboratório de informática com escolares e 94,8% dos professores que lecionavam para deficientes visuais também declararam não utilizar o laboratório de informática com esses escolares. No que se refere à importância atribuída à informática na educação de escolares deficientes visuais 84,2% dos professores opinaram ser esta muito importante. Dos respondentes 76,7% não sabem o que é recurso óptico, 87,9% não tem conhecimento sobre recurso não-óptico e 97,8% não sabem escrever e nem ler em braille. Conclui-se desconhecimento de professores a respeito da aplicação do recurso da informática aos escolares deficientes visuais. Paradoxalmente reconhecem que a informática é muito importante para o aprendizado desses escolares, embora a maioria dos professores não a utilize com essa população. Verificou-se também conhecimento insuficiente a respeito de recursos ópticos, não-ópticos e Sistema Braille / Abstract: An analytical study was carried out so as to verify the knowledge, opinion and practices of teachers on the use of computer resources in the education of visually impaired students and to verify characteristics of teachers in relation to the formation and the profissional exercise. The sample comprised 56 teachers in the basic and middle teaching, who taught visually impaired students and 76 teachers, who did not teach visually impaired pupils, although these students were mainstreamed in their schools. A self-appliable questionnaire was utilized as the data collection instrument. Most teachers (96.9%) received no specific training to work with visually impaired students. As for the knowledge on programa used by visually impaired students, it was found that 100.0% of the teachers do not know the technologies used by these students. 84.2% of the teachers thought the computer science in the education of visually impaired is very important. Most teachers (94.8%) reported no use of the laboratory with visually impaired pupils, 76.7% of the respondents know nothing about optical resources, 87.9% reported no knowledge on non optical resources and 97.8% do not know how to write or read in the Braille system. It was concluded that the teachers were unaware of computer sciences resources for visually impaired students, although they believe these resources are very instrumental in their education. Insufficient knowledge on optical, non optical resources and the Braille system was verified as well / Mestrado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Mestre em Ciências Médicas
189

CaracterÃsticas da comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal entre o enfermeiro e o cego / Characteristics of the non-verbal communication between the nurse and the blind patient

Cristiana Brasil de Almeida RebouÃas 30 August 2005 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Pesquisa sobre as caracterÃsticas da comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal entre o enfermeiro e o cego, cujos objetivos sÃo os seguintes: analisar a comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal do enfermeiro com o cego durante a consulta de enfermagem; testar o Ãndice de confiabilidade entre os juÃzes da anÃlise da comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal; classificar os sinais nÃo-verbais, segundo o referencial de Hall (1986); verificar a associaÃÃo entre as filmagens e os fatores de comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal; e identificar as barreiras da comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal entre a enfermeira e o cego. Adotou-se uma abordagem exploratÃria, descritiva, quantitativa, com vistas a fornecer subsÃdios para a intervenÃÃo e, portanto, melhoria na qualidade do atendimento a esta clientela. O estudo foi desenvolvido no perÃodo de fevereiro a abril de 2005, em uma unidade de saÃde de referÃncia, de nÃvel secundÃrio, na cidade de Fortaleza-CE, com enfermeiras que atendiam a diabÃticos, haja vista que a diabetes pode causar vÃrias doenÃas oculares, como catarata, glaucoma e retinopatia diabÃtica. Previamente, foram contatadas as quatorze enfermeiras da instituiÃÃo que realizavam consultas de enfermagem a diabÃticos. Destas, sete concordaram em participar da pesquisa, mas apenas quatro fizeram parte da amostra. Quanto à seleÃÃo dos pacientes diabÃticos cegos, foi feita de forma aleatÃria, respeitando-se os princÃpios Ãticos de pesquisa com seres humanos. Constituiu-se, portanto, de pessoas que adquiriram a cegueira em decorrÃncia da diabetes e que iriam ser atendidas pelas enfermeiras que concordaram em participar da pesquisa. Cinco cegos compuseram a amostra. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se uma cÃmera filmadora que registrou toda a consulta de enfermagem entre a enfermeira, o cego e o acompanhante. O instrumento de anÃlise dos dados para avaliar a comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal da enfermeira com o cego foi elaborado conforme o referencial teÃrico de Hall (1986), com Ãnfase na Teoria ProxÃmica, e recebeu a denominaÃÃo de ComunicaÃÃo NÃo-Verbal Enfermeira â Cego (CONVENCE). Concomitantemente à coleta de dados, o CONVENCE foi enviado a trÃs juÃzes para ser analisado. Para a anÃlise das filmagens escolheram-se outros trÃs juÃzes que concordaram em participar da pesquisa a que foram treinados segundo o referencial proposto. A partir do CONVENCE foram elaboradas cinco categorias, com suas respectivas subcategorias. Categoria 1 - DistÃncia Espacial, com as subcategorias 1.1 - distÃncia, 1.2 - postura, 1.3- eixo, 1.4 - contato. Categoria 2 - Comportamento Social, com as subcategorias: 2.1 - gestos emblemÃticos, 2.2 - gestos ilustradores, 2.3 - gestos reguladores. Categoria 3 - Comportamento Facial. Categoria 4 - CÃdigo Visual, com as subcategorias: 4.1 - abertura ocular, 4.2 - direÃÃo do olhar. Categoria 5 - Volume da Voz. As sessÃes de treinamento e anÃlise dos dados foram realizadas com todos os juÃzes presentes na mesma sala e no mesmo horÃrio predeterminado no inÃcio da capacitaÃÃo. As filmagens foram analisadas a cada quinze segundos, totalizando 1.131 anÃlises de comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal. Ao analisar as categorias e subcategorias, os principais resultados observados foram os seguintes. Na categoria 1, a subcategoria distÃncia Ãntima prevaleceu com 1.030 (91,0%), pelo fato do ambiente onde aconteciam as consultas favorecer, tanto ao profissional quanto ao paciente, adotar quase unicamente esta distÃncia. Nesta categoria, a subcategoria 2 mostrou que a postura sentada, 1.112, (98,3%) obteve quase unanimidade nas imagens analisadas. Quando emissor e receptor mantÃm a mesma postura significa que ambos estÃo em sintonia, partilhando do mesmo ritmo, grau de interesse e movimento. TambÃm nesta categoria, a subcategoria 4, denominada contato, demonstrou que em 943 (83,3%) interaÃÃes nÃo houve contato. O gesto mais observado na subcategoria gestos emblemÃticos foi mover as mÃos, com 762 (67,4%). A direÃÃo do olhar, subcategoria 4.2, desviado do interlocutor, contabilizou 597 (52,8%) e centrado no interlocutor, 502 (44,4%). Em todas as filmagens, houve interferÃncias considerÃveis no momento da interaÃÃo enfermeiro-paciente. Tal fato foi considerado como barreira à comunicaÃÃo. O enfermeiro deve-se mostrar interessado durante a interaÃÃo, e à o olhar sobre o paciente que favorecerà esta atenÃÃo na consulta de enfermagem. Conclui-se, de acordo com os dados, que o enfermeiro precisa conhecer e aprofundar os estudos em comunicaÃÃo nÃo-verbal e adequar o seu uso ao tipo de pacientes assistidos durante as consultas. / Study on the characteristics of non-verbal communication between the nurse and the blind patient, whose objectives are the following: analyzing the nurseâs non-verbal communication with the blind patient during the nursing attendance; testing the reliability index among the referees of non-verbal communication analysis; classifying the non-verbal signs, according to Hallâs referential (1986); verifying the association between the video recordings and the non-verbal communication factors; and identifying the barriers to non-verbal communication between the nurse and the blind patient. The approach adopted is exploratory, descriptive, and quantitative, aiming at gathering information for intervention and, therefore, for improvement in the quality of assistance to this clientele. The study has been developed during the period of February to April of 2005, in a reference healthcare unit, of secondary level, in the city of Fortaleza-Ce, with nurses that attended to diabetic patients, as diabetes may cause several ocular disorders, such as cataract and diabetic retinopathy. Previously, the fourteen nurses who attended to diabetic patients at the institution had been contacted. Of those, seven agreed in participating of the study, but only four made part of the study group. In what regards the selection of blind diabetic patients, it was performed at random, considering the ethical principles that govern studies with human beings. The group has been constituted, therefore, by people who went blind as a consequence of diabetes, and who were going to be attended by the nurses who were part of the study group. Five blind people integrated the study group. To the data collection, a video camera was employed, which recorded the entire nursing attendance between the nurse, the blind person and his/her companion. The instrument for data analysis to evaluate the non-verbal communication between the nurse and the blind person was elaborated according to Hallâs theoretical referential (1986), with emphasis on the proxemic theory, and received the designation Nurse - Blind Patient Non-Verbal Communication (CONVENCE). Simultaneously to the data analysis, CONVENCE was sent to three referees in order to be analyzed. To the analysis of the video recordings, three other referees were chosen, who agreed in participating in the study and that were trained according to the proposed referential. From CONVENCE, five categories were elaborated, with their respective sub-categories. Category 1: Spatial distance, with the sub-categories 1.1- distance, 1.2- posture, 1.3- axis, 1.4-contact. Category 2 â Social behavior, with the subcategories: 2.1-emblematic gestures, 2.2 illustrating gestures, 2.3 âregulating gestures. Category 3 â Facial behavior. Category 4 â Visual Code, with the subcategories: 4.1 â ocular opening, 4.2 looking direction. Category 5 â Voice volume. The training sessions and the data analysis were carried out with all the referees present in the same room and at the same time that had been preset in the beginning of the training. The video recordings were analyzed each fifteen seconds, summing up 1.131 non-verbal communication analyses. When analyzing the categories and subcategories, the main results that were observed are the following: In category 1, the subcategory minimal distance prevailed with 1.030 (91%), due to the fact that the environment were the attendance took place favored the adoption of almost exclusively that distance, either by the professional or by the patient. In this category, the subcategory 2 has shown that the sitting posture (98.3 %) almost obtained unanimity in the images that were analyzed. When addresser and addressee maintain the same posture, it means that they are attuned, sharing the same rhythm, degree of interest, and movement. Also, in this category, the subcategory 4, denominated contact, demonstrated that in 943 (83.3 %) interactions there was no contact. The most observed gesture in the subcategory âemblematic gesturesâ was the moving of hands (762 or 67.4%). The looking direction, subcategory 4.2, deviated from the interlocutor added up 597 (52.8%) and centered in the interlocutor, 502 (44.4%). In all the video recordings, there were considerable interferences in the moment of the interaction nurse-patient. Such fact was considered a hindrance to communication. The nurse has to demonstrate interest during the interaction, and it is the look towards the patient that will favor this attention during the nursing attendance. It can be concluded, according to the data, that the nurse needs to know and to intensify the studies in non-verbal communication, and to adequate its use to the kind of patient being attended.
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Freqüência do fenótipo autista em uma amostra de crianças e jovens com cegueira congênita / Frequency of autistic phenotype in a sample of children and young with congenital blindness

Araújo, Ana Cristina Silva 01 March 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:40:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Cristina Silva Araujo.pdf: 523045 bytes, checksum: 16d7e21650b3e9b5165a5dc2c0d09f29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-01 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The frequency of the manifestation of autistic phenotype in children and young with congenital blindness has been subject of great interest in the last decades. In this study 29 children and young between four and 15 years old with congenital blindness had been investigated regarding the frequency of manifestation of the signals and symptoms of autistic phenotype, from the application of a suitable version of Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ) in interview with the parents. The results had identified that of the 29 children and young, 13 scored above of the cut off for the Pervasive Development Disorders (PDD). Considering the three areas that the instrument encloses, the communication area was the biggest concentration of points for each subject. These findings are in accordance with international literature, however a better inquiry of this sample becomes necessary to verify if the identified characteristics are part of the consequences of the blindness or if they demonstrate the comorbidity with the PDD. / A freqüência da manifestação do fenótipo autista em crianças e jovens com cegueira congênita têm sido assunto de grande interesse nas ultimas décadas. Neste estudo 29 crianças e jovens entre quatro e 15 anos com cegueira congênita foram investigados a respeito da freqüência de manifestação dos sinais e sintomas do fenótipo autista, a partir da aplicação de uma versão adaptada do Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ) em entrevista com os pais. Os resultados identificaram que das 29 crianças e jovens, 13 pontuaram acima da nota de corte para os Transtornos Invasivos do Desenvolvimento (TID). Sendo que das três áreas que o instrumento abrange, a área de comunicação foi onde existiu a maior concentração de pontos por sujeito. Estes achados estão de acordo com a literatura internacional, entretanto se faz necessário uma melhor investigação desta amostra para verificar se as características identificadas fazem parte das conseqüências da cegueira ou se demonstram a comorbidade com os TID.

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