Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:11:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria de Fatima Barros Silva.pdf: 1557576 bytes, checksum: ce20b3a964007859322e60682cfdec86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-30 / The information is a necessity of our times, reaches different areas of knowledge and is present in daily life of everyone. Any public institution that does not prioritize communication tends to be retroactive in its productivity. Thus, participatory and democratic leadership is of paramount importance for both internal communication with regard to the relationship between employees, and externally, to keep up with technological advances of the globalized market. Every organization to achieve its mission to encourage dialogue, exchange of information between the executive management and operational base in pursuit of quality of products or services. This study examined the process of communication in Campus Manaus Industrial District of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas - CMDI / IFAM, identifying organizational strategies that minimize barriers identified in the communication process that institution and result in productivity improvements. This research sought to make a diagnosis of the communication process in CMDI / IFAM that identified bottlenecks of internal communication and developed a new flowchart, based on Blue Ocean strategy, proposing actions that optimize communication in the institution, making a retelling of communication with based on two fundamental supports that go together: social and technological . The use of the Blue Ocean theory is justified by integrating functional and operational activities of communication by proposing a new value curve from the existing reality to, through the model of the four actions, eliminate points considered essential to communication, reduce those below established standards, raise that should be above the standards and create attributes never offered by the communications sector. In order to have achieved the goals outlined a case study was conducted, with the universe for all servers in the CMDI / IFAM which were investigated through questionnaires consisting of open and closed questions, providing data that allowed us to evaluate the process of communication will be effected through the application of tools that enable institutional change and growth, targeted for an open, transparent and credible communication. / A informação é uma necessidade dos novos tempos, atinge diversas áreas do conhecimento e está presente no cotidiano de todos. Qualquer instituição pública que não priorize a comunicação tende a retroagir em sua produtividade. Assim, uma liderança participativa e democrática é de suma importância para a comunicação tanto interna, no que se refere ao relacionamento entre funcionários; quanto externa, para acompanhar os avanços tecnológicos do mercado globalizado. Toda organização para alcançar sua missão deve estimular o diálogo, a troca de informações entre a gestão executiva e a base operacional na busca da qualidade dos produtos ou serviços. Este estudo analisou o processo da comunicação no Campus Manaus Distrito Industrial do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas CMDI/IFAM, identificando estratégias organizacionais que minimizem entraves identificados no processo comunicacional dessa instituição e resultem em melhorias de produtividade. Essa pesquisa buscou fazer um diagnóstico do processo da comunicação no CMDI/IFAM que identificou gargalos da comunicação interna e elaborou um novo fluxograma, com base na estratégia do Oceano Azul, propondo ações que otimizem a comunicação na instituição, fazendo uma releitura da comunicação, com base em dois suportes fundamentais que se completam: o social e o tecnológico. A utilização da teoria do Oceano Azul justifica-se por integrar atividades funcionais e operacionais da comunicação, propondo uma nova curva de valor a partir da realidade existente para, por meio do modelo das quatro ações, eliminar pontos considerados indispensáveis à comunicação, reduzir aqueles abaixo dos padrões estabelecidos, elevar os que devem estar acima dos padrões e criar atributos nunca oferecidos pelo setor de comunicação. Para que fossem alcançados os objetivos delineados foi realizado um estudo de caso, tendo como universo de pesquisa todos os servidores do CMDI/IFAM que foram investigados por meio de questionários constituídos de perguntas abertas e fechadas, fornecendo dados que permitiram avaliar o processo da comunicação que será efetivada através da aplicação de ferramentas que possibilitem mudanças e crescimento institucional, direcionados para uma comunicação aberta, transparente e de credibilidade.

Bakgrund och problem: Intresset för organisationen som ett socialt system har ökat uppmärksamheten av organisationens inre förhållanden och kommunikationen internt. I många organisationer avsätter ledning ofta mycket tid åt formulering av strategiska frågor, som inte kommuniceras ut tillräckligt och därmed inte används av medarbetare. För att medarbetare inte ska uppfatta strategier som innehållslösa är det viktigt att kommunikationsprocessen preciserar och konkretiserar strategin. Arbetsprocessen har utvecklats och idag ställs det höga krav på kunskap hos medarbetare, vilket i sin tur ställer krav på ökad information. Det innebär att det har blivit allt viktigare att medarbetare är involverade i organisationens mål och förhållningssätt till olika frågor. De flesta organisationer klagar på dålig kommunikationsförmåga, chefer klagar på att informationen inte når fram till medarbetare och att dessa inte följer riktlinjerna, medan medarbetare klagar på att beslut och information inte kommuniceras tillräckligt till dem. Synen på kommunikation ger ofta en bild av att kommunikation är något enkelt, där det sända och det mottagna meddelandet är identiska med varandra. Detta leder till en övertro på den egna kommunikationseffektiviteten i organisationen. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva den interna kommunikationsprocessen av strategiska frågor samt att bedöma dess effektivitet. Metod: Det här är en studie av fyra storbanker, som bygger på kvalitativ metod, där fyra intervjuer har ägt rum på ledningsnivå och fyra intervjuer på lokalnivå. Slutsatser: Studien har kommit fram till att väldigt lite ansträngningar läggs ned på att kommunicera strategiska frågor från ledningsnivå till lokalnivå. Kommunikationen sker via enkla kanaler, främst via intranätet, med förutsättning att medarbetare korrekt ska förstå budskapet. På grund av budskapets komplexitet och de enkla kanaler som används, finns det risk att budskapet misstolkas på lokalnivå. Motivation i kommunikationsprocessen spelar en viktig roll, men tyvärr motiverar bankerna sina medarbetare i begränsad omfattning. Kommunikationsprocessen av strategiska frågor utgör idag en linjär kommunikation, som behöver effektiviseras. För att effektivisera kommunikationsprocessen behövs andra kommunikationskanaler, klarare budskap och mer motivation. Det krävs en nätverksbetonad syn på kommunikation. / Background and problem: The interest of the organization as a social system has increased the attention of the organization's internal relationships and internal communication. In many organizations management often spend much time on formulation strategic issues, which is not communicated sufficiently and thus not used by employees. In order that employees shall not perceive strategies as vacuous, it is important that the communication process clarifies and concretes the strategy. The process of work has been developed and today there is a high demand of knowledge among employees, which in turn need increased information. This means that it has become increasingly important that employees are involved in the organization's goals and approaches to different issues. Most organizations are complaining of poor communication ability, managers are complaining that the information does not reach the employees and that these do not follow the guidelines, while employees are complaining that decisions and information are not sufficiently communicated to them. The view of communication often gives a picture of communication being something simple, where the send and the received message is identical to one another. This leads to an over-reliance of the communication effectiveness in the organization. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the internal communication process of strategic issues and to assess its effectiveness. Method: This is a study of four universal banks, which is based on a qualitative approach, where four interviews have taken place at management level and four interviews at local level. Conclusion: The study has concluded that very little attempt is made to communicate strategic issues from management level to local level. Communication takes place through simple channels, primarily through the intranet, with the condition that employees will correctly understand the message. Because of the complexity of the message and the channels used, there is a risk that the message will be misinterpreted at the local level. Motivation in the communication process plays an important role, but unfortunately the banks motivate their employees to a limited extent. The communication process of strategic issues represents today a linear communication, which needs to be more effective. To make the communication process more effective requires other communication channels, clearer message and more motivation. A network approach of communication is needed.

Under de senaste åren har samhällets oro för världens miljötillstånd växt och gett upphov till en så kallad grön marknadsföring. Miljö är ett svårt ämne att kommunicera på grund av dess breda omfattning och svårigheterna som finns med att förenkla informationen utan att tappa helhetsförståelsen. Stora samhällsaktörer såsom företag och statliga organisationer har ett ansvar för förändringsarbetet i och med att de kan visa vägen för en grönare social norm och kollektivt agerande. En kvantitativ studie av miljökommunikationsteori som den beskrivs i litteraturen har utförts, dess praktiska tillämpning har sedan undersökts kvalitativt genom fallstudier av två organisationers miljökommunikation. Studien söker svar på vilka skillnader som finns mellan företags och kommuners miljökommunikationsprocess samt hur den kan förbättras för att åstadkomma positiva beteendeförändringar i samhället och därmed ta steg mot en hållbar utveckling. Resultatet och analysen visar att det finns betydande skillnader mellan företaget och kommunen rörande organisation och ansvarsfördelning, syfte och målsättning samt återkoppling. Organisationernas miljökommunikationsprocess kan förbättras genom att informationen riktas till en väl definierad målgrupp, utformas med hänsyn till målgruppens egenskaper, möjligheter och beredvillighet till förändring. Detta måste ske med utifrån i organisationens förutsättningar, mål och syfte med miljökommunikation. Under dessa förutsättningar kan kommunikation kring miljöfrågor främja en dialog för hållbar utveckling och driva förändring både internt i organisationerna och externt i samhället. / Society's concern for the world's environmental status have increased and created a need for a so called green marketing. Environmental issues are difficult subjects to communicate because of its large scale and complex character. Large social actors such as companies and government organizations have a responsibility in leading by example and showing the way for a greener collective norm and social behavior.  A quantitative study was conducted of environmental communication theory as it is described in the literature, and its practical implications were qualitatively examined through case studies of two organizations. The purpose of the study is to answer what differences that exist between the corporate and the municipal environmental communication process. It also investigates how the process can be improved in order to create positive behavioral changes in society and thus take steps towards a sustainable development. The results and analysis show that there are significant differences between the company and the municipality regarding organization and responsibility, purpose, goals, and feedback. The organizations' environmental communication process can be improved by better segmentation, designed with reference to the target group's characteristics, potential and readiness for change. When doing this it is necessary to take into account the situation of the organization and the goals and objectives regarding the environmental communication. With these conditions fulfilled, communication about environmental issues will promote dialogue about sustainable development and can drive change both internally within the organizations and externally in the community.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:30:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodolpho Weishaupt.pdf: 1306770 bytes, checksum: dd28e28a25bbec69ecfd6dcfb23e90d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-12 / This thesis will have a discussion about Communications as an instrument of business intelligence in a university environment. She will intend to demonstrate that Communications will add competitive advantage to the organizations that take part in the educational market. The present research will justify in theoretical references of the Science of Communications and of the Strategic Planning and the methodological procedures which includes, farther on the extensive bibliographic revision and documents analysis, the technique of participant observation, as the well the group activities of the study of Communications and Integration between the years of 2003 until 2005, that integrated the Strategic Planning of UMESP- Methodist University of São Paulo. At the end of the thesis, searched to construct a map the necessary conditions of communications to constitute effectively in the process of business intelligence, incorporating the Strategic Management of the organizations. We have to acknowledge that Business Communication still has to succeed in some challenges and some of them, necessarily, are not easy to overcome. It is essential to consider always that Business Communication doesn t flow in the empty space; it doesn t accomplish at the organization margin, but still is internally associated with a particular system of management, to one specific organizational culture, and it is a expression, therefore, of a tangible reali ty. In orderto the Business Communication to assume as strategic this condition will favored to the management, organizational culture as well as the adequate allocation of resources such as (people, technology, finance), without it doesn t become reality. Then, if these presupposed are not satisfied, it will be premature to conclude the character in the Strategic of Business Communication. Still, the communication will not be as strategic as in the only function of the work of more or less competent of the professionals of communications. There are some requirements, unfortunately, that we don t have control of them. In brief, this thesis will analyze three central questions. The first one, concerns the strategic concept. The second can be named ethos organizational which inserts the communicational practice. Finally, we study the basic conditions to the strategic communications that really prevails. / Esta tese trata da comunicação como instrumento de inteligência empresarial numa instituição de ensino superior. Ela pretende demonstrar que a comunicação agrega vantagem competitiva às organizações que atuam no mercado educacional. O presente trabalho se fundamenta em referenciais teóricos das ciências da Comunicação e de Planejamento Estratégico, e seus procedimentos metodológicos incluem, além de revisão bibliográfica extensiva e análise de documentos, a técnica da observação participante, com o acompanhamento das atividades do grupo de trabalho intitulado Comunicação e Integração entre os anos 2003 e 2005, que integrava o Planejamento Estratégico da UMESP Universidade Metodista de São Paulo. Ao final do trabalho, buscou-se mapear as condições necessárias para que a comunicação se constitua efetivamente num processo de inteligência empresarial, incorporando-se à gestão estratégica das organizações. Admitimos que a Comunicação Empresarial ainda tem de vencer alguns desafios e que eles, necessariamente, não são fáceis de serem superados. É necessário considerar sempre que a Comunicação Empresarial não flui no vazio, não se realiza à margem das organizações, mas está umbilicalmente associada a um particular sistema de gestão, a uma específica cultura organizacional e que é expressão, portanto, de uma realidade concreta. Para que a Comunicação Empresarial seja assumida como estratégica, essa condição deverá ser favorecida pela gestão, pela cultura e mesmo pela alocação adequada de recursos (humanos, tecnológicos e financeiros), pois sem os quais ela não se realiza. Logo, se estes pressupostos não estiverem devidamente satisfeitos, será prematuro concluir pelo caráter estratégico da Comunicação Empresarial. Mais ainda: a comunicação não será estratégica em função unicamente do trabalho mais ou menos competente dos profissionais de comunicação. Há exigências outras que, infelizmente, fogem ao seu controle. Em resumo, nesse trabalho são analisadas três questões centrais. A primeira delas diz respeito ao conceito de estratégia. A segunda refere-se ao chamado ethos organizacional em que se insere a prática comunicacional. Finalmente, são examinadas as condições básicas para que a comunicação estratégica realmente prevaleça.

The art of communication is one of the most essential skills that a successful manager should have. This ability of communication can be a deciding factor in negotiating with both the business partners and the general public. Effective communication lies primarily in understanding the message of the other person and the feedback. So it is necessary to be interested in how efficiently the information is passed, either in an internal or external communication. The main aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse managerial communication in a selected organization and to make proposals for its improvement. For the practical part of this thesis, I have chosen EXTRUDO Bečice s.r.o. based in Bečice that was founded in 1994. On the basis of materials obtained from an interview with the director of the company, particular areas of managerial communication are defined in this part of the thesis. In addition, a questionnaire survey was conducted to find out attitudes and opinions of the employees. After evaluating the information obtained from the interview with the company director and the questionnaire survey, the proposals and suggestions for possible improvements in individual areas of managerial communication were submitted.

This thesis addresses the Virtual Reality (VR) as an efficient communication process, furtheremphasizes on the importance of Haptic Feedback in Virtual Reality applications. HapticFeedback plays a pivotal role in Virtual Reality simulations by enhancing users’ interactivityand immersion. Considering the human perceptions and experiences in line with technology isextremely significant for an effective Virtual Reality. The aim of this research is to study theperceptions and experiences of human participants about Virtual Reality applications,importance of Haptic Feedback, and to explore the advantages and limitations of suchapplications. The need to integrate Haptic Feedback in today’s Virtual Reality applications, andits advantages were emphasized. In order to acquire in-depth understanding of user’sperceptions and experiences about Virtual Reality as a communication process, a qualitativecase study was employed in this study with interpretive research approach and purposefulsampling. After interviewing the selective participants, the outcomes of the study would be toconsider Virtual Reality as an effective communication medium and to propose improvementplans for IKEA VR Experience with Haptic Feedback. Based on the outcomes of this study,organizations can strive towards providing richer Virtual Reality experience to their customersin the years to come.

This inquiry focussed on a single unit of analysis: TeleTuks Schools, a community outreach initiative of the University of Pretoria, South Africa and is classified as a case study. It sought to explain why despite technology that permits bi-directional oral communication during televised instruction, learner participation was poor. The exploration of literature related to instructional television (ITV) and social communication, ensured a richer understanding of ITV as delivery mode as well as potential reasons for low responsivity during telelessons. It also raised awareness of the particular challenges of utilising ITV in a developing country context. This inquiry was informed by an interpretivist paradigm and the theoretical stance related to a synthesis of several communication models designed for mass media while the concept interaction as a key element of instructional communication was also dissected. Initially, a small-scale quantitative approach, established how prevalent poor participation was while rich experiential interview and video data identified why learners refrained from participating overtly. The use of Atlas.tiTM to systematically analyse the volume of unstructured data as a single unit, not only facilitated analysis but also enhanced the validity of the inquiry. An inductive analysis of the research data generated three significant and interrelated themes: Paradoxical perceptions, Presenter nescience, and Problematic practicalities and partnerships. These accounted for why learners did not respond as expected during televised instructional episodes. Key findings suggested that the rate of learner participation during telelessons was not influenced by an isolated factor as initially anticipated, but by a combination of variables. Technical and methodological design limitations were complicated by ineffective communication skills on the part of both presenters and viewers. Incongruence between the findings and initial suppositions added to an overarching sense of mismatch and led to the proposal of a theory linked to instructional dissonance i.e. the ignorance or denial of distortions that negatively affect communication between the instructor and student. Instructional communication is successful but not meaningful as a mismatch of sense or utility occurs. Recommendations for theory and practice are deemed applicable to mediated instructional contexts. Research avenues for further exploration relating to interaction in blended learning environments have been suggested. / Thesis (PhD (Curriculum Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

“You have to feel it in your heart - a case study of the employees perception about Umeå university, the internal communication and how the communication contributes to this perception”. This study is based on that deficiency is common in internal communication in a authority that consists of several different units and different occupational levels. In an authority there is variety of units, employees with different occupational levels, a hierarchical structure and laws and regulations that must be followed. Because of these characteristics, a clear internal profile might be of extra importance. The internal profile will reflect the external perception, the authority’s image. This study examines how the internal communication of an authority like Umeå University works. The aim was to find out the employees perception of Umeå University and what their perceptions of the internal communication are. The method to examine this has mainly been based on group interviews conducted with focus groups representing different occupational levels. In summary the interviews indicate that there is a common perception of the university's identity among the different occupational levels. For example, words like: young, wide, open and norrländskt. These words were not based on any official core values of the university but were brought up by the participants. Umeå university have a vision which all participants had seen before and recognized, "The University of Umeå face the future with boundless knowledge". But they found it hard to grasp the vision with related goals, they felt overall and difficult to apply in their daily work. The results showed that the focus groups believe that there are many different subcultures at Umeå University. One reason for the formation of subcultures may simply be that Umeå University is an authority and there are certain factors that affect the University's properties. Keywords: Internal communication, organizational communication, organizational identity, organizational culture, communication process, vision, subculture.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Beatriz Bereche Servilga 3.pdf: 887734 bytes, checksum: ea81c0513ecdf22c0835a82e352619c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-20 / Many researchers have been investigating the linguistic maturity on the communication process; they established that the conversion from informal language code to formal occurs in the beginning of adolescence. On this period, the language presents it-self, adequate to many communication situations; the language construction will be based on the listener, the subject, the objective, and the environment. The mature language presents several structural formats to express the same communication intention. Third grade elementary school students are able to identify an inadequate linguistic structure, although they are not able to correct it. Students will be able to detect and correct inadequate linguistic structures on sixth grade second middle school. The aim of this research was to compare the oral speech with written production of the students. The subjects of this research were, thirteen students of the fifth grade of fundamental education of a private school. Each student made two productions: one oral (recorded and transcribed) and another one written, both productions based on two different pictures. These productions were analyzed in order to investigate syntactic structure, cohesive elements, and the linguistic structure. Both, oral and written productions, made by boys and grils, were less than what was expected: The results show that girls written productions are longer than boys written productions. However, boys oral productions are longer than girls oral productions. On oral productions, boys (63,08%) and girls (65,48%) prioritize the use of coordination. On written production boys (40,80%) and girls (66,07%) presented a predilection for coordination use; This result was beneath expected for the school level. According to the syntactic complexity, oral and written productions are classified on level one; this level is present in the production of both groups; mainly in the girls group (55,5% written production and 66,6% oral production). On the boys group, half presented level one oral productions, and 25% presented level one written productions. From the boys group half presented level two written productions. Regarding cohesive elements and syntactic analyses, only coordinate and subordinate conjunctions were present; the use of coordinate conjunctions was more frequent. This performance can be explained with some hypotheses: these students were in a transition phase; few speech strategies were taught in school; parents and school provide few stimulation during the oral and written language development. / Muitos pesquisadores t?m investigado a maturidade ling??stica no processo de comunica??o e verificaram que a transi??o do c?digo de linguagem informal para o formal ocorre no in?cio da adolesc?ncia. Neste per?odo a linguagem apresenta-se adequada ?s diferentes situa??es de comunica??o e a constru??o do discurso depende do ouvinte, do t?pico, do objetivo e do ambiente. A linguagem matura apresenta diferentes formas estruturais para expressar uma mesma inten??o comunicativa.O estudante do terceiro grau do ensino fundamental j? ? capaz de identificar uma linguagem n?o adequada embora n?o possa ainda corrigi-la, o que somente ocorrer? a partir da sexta s?rie. Visando conhecer o est?gio de maturidade ling??stica do adolescente, este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o discurso oral e o discurso escrito dos estudantes do ensino fundamental. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa treze estudantes que cursavam a 5? s?rie de uma escola particular. O material analisado foi constitu?do de uma produ??o oral, gravada e transcrita, e uma produ??o escrita, obtidas a partir de figuras. Na an?lise dessas produ??es foram consideradas a estrutura sint?tica, os elementos coesivos e a estrutura do discurso. De acordo com os resultados, observou-se que a produ??o escrita das meninas apresentou uma extens?o maior que a dos meninos. J? na comunica??o oral, o discurso dos meninos foi mais longo. No discurso oral, as meninas priorizaram o uso da coordena??o (65,48%) assim como os meninos (63,08%). A elabora??o escrita, tanto dos meninos (40,80% ) como das meninas (66,07%) foi constru?da com predomin?ncia de uso de coordena??o, sendo significante esta concentra??o, para os dois grupos, o que est? aqu?m do esperado para o n?vel de escolaridade dos estudantes. Segundo a complexidade sint?tica, as produ??es analisadas, tanto oral quanto escrita, podem ser classificadas no n?vel 1, n?vel esse encontrado no discurso da maioria dos estudantes de ambos os grupos,principalmente no grupo das meninas ( 55,5% no discurso escrito e 66,6% no discurso oral). Metade dos sujeitos do sexo masculino apresentou esse n?vel no discurso oral e 25% no discurso escrito. A metade desse grupo apresentou n?vel 2 no discurso escrito. Quanto aos elementos coesivos, assim como na an?lise sint?tica, houve o uso de conjun??es somente coordenativas e subordinativas, com predomin?ncia das primeiras. Este desempenho pode ser explicado por algumas hip?teses, como a fase de transi??o em que os estudantes se encontram, falta de estrat?gias fornecidas pela escola para a produ??o de discursos e falta de estimula??o tanto dos pais quanto da escola durante a fase do desenvolvimento da linguagem e processo de aprendizagem da leitura-escrita.

<p>Communication, coordination and cooperation are critical for a successful organization. This master's thesis work presents a literature study of the factors that influence the interface between Research & development and manufacturing functions. Research & development and manufacturing functions rarely share information among each other and rarely combine their skills and knowledge to produce effective and efficient work within organization. This is due to lack of mutual understanding improper communication and coordination among members in the teams. In the late 1990's, competition, Information Technology proliferation, increasing customer demands for better products at shorter lead times emphasized increased need for effective product development. Each function has its specialization and is effective in their domain. Each department has roles and responsibilities to complete given tasks. But they neglect the organizational and management issues and lack the focus where they are a part of a bigger process (i.e. delivering value to customer and making the company successful at the end of the day). The main focus of the thesis is to give deeper knowledge on communication and coordination between Research and Development and manufacturing. This is achieved by review of the articles, analysis and finally synthesis of literature to develop constructs and analysis models. This will help to understand the factors and its interaction. The factors identified are individual responsibilities, artefacts and system or domain understanding, communication idea, control and role distribution, teams, accessibility and arena for personal meetings and finally overall leadership.</p><p>Each factor has its own and unique contribution to success with in the organization. These factors are interrelated and dependent on one another. Artefacts understanding deals with some actions and steps has to be taken in order to executive the give tasks, individual role plays an important role in what sense he\she will contribute to the team as well as to the organization. Even active responsibilities must understand the system or domain and quickly adjust to the environment and get practice on it. Teams are essential tool in any organization, working together creates creative problem solving,  improves effective of communication, improves development skills and ability of an individual, mutual understanding and cooperation among group members all will constitute to the teams. Finally teams are the critical building blocks of an organization. The model developed needs further testing through empirical evidence to increase its validity.</p>