Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T18:44:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Gilson Moreira1.pdf: 1111541 bytes, checksum: 5b5cd46045550dc11d96cad19ddf3e7b (MD5) Gilson Moreira2.pdf: 1949275 bytes, checksum: 67c16b913b57c43b4a9b99ca2c3c7256 (MD5) Gilson Moreira3.pdf: 1116932 bytes, checksum: 95ccdd33e059002b9987304c9b8abdc3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-05 / Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie / This essay is a result of a research that presents a compared study about working ethnics according to the Catholic and Protestant vision. In order to accomplish this purpose, it is necessary to clarify the Catholic vision about working ethnics according to its doctrinaire, theological, historical and social line, that goes as the foundation point and that can influence the human being in his everyday job. The Protestant vision points about working ethnics can be explained based on John Calvin and Max Weber; that one as its mentor and intellectual idealist and this one as its main social disseminator. We walk through this essay purpose using the researching methods and analyses, in workmanships and documental sources about the subject, in both visions. This task will contribute to the comparison of these two religious current of Christianity; showing the approaches and contrasts; positive and negative differences; as well the contributions that these religious strands defend and spread. Whose facts will help and influence the individual to form his character, personality, dignity and moral; that will reach its apex in the kind of ethnics each one has and shows in his/her life, through work, this way, contributing to build up a more human society, fair enough and progressive. / Esta dissertação é fruto de uma pesquisa que apresenta um estudo comparado sobre a Ética do Trabalho na cosmovisão Católica e Protestante. Para a consecução deste propósito, procura-se descortinar a cosmovisão católica sobre a ética do trabalho segundo a sua linha doutrinária, teológica, histórica e social, que serve como marco teórico fundante e que pode influenciar o indivíduo em seu labor diário. Explicita-se os pressupostos da cosmovisão protestante sobre a ética do trabalho, fundamentados em João Calvino e Max Weber; aquele como seu mentor e idealizador intelectual, este, como seu principal difusor sociológico. Caminha-se através da proposta deste trabalho utilizando-se o método de pesquisa e análise, em obras e fontes documentais sobre o assunto, em ambas cosmovisões. Esta tarefa contribuirá para a comparação destas duas correntes religiosas do cristianismo; expondo as aproximações e contrastes; diferenças positivas e negativas; bem como, as contribuições que estas vertentes religiosas defendem e difundem. Cujos fatores auxiliarão e influenciarão o indivíduo na formação de seu caráter, personalidade, dignidade e moral; que alcançarão seu ápice no tipo de ética que cada um tem e exterioriza em sua vida, pelo trabalho, contribuindo assim para a construção de uma sociedade mais humana, justa e progressista.

Submitted by Marta Toyoda (1144061@mackenzie.br) on 2017-01-04T13:47:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Carolina Vigna Prado.pdf: 8161478 bytes, checksum: a4ca19078201b66605967645f2409b88 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Paola Damato (repositorio@mackenzie.br) on 2017-01-06T18:44:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Carolina Vigna Prado.pdf: 8161478 bytes, checksum: a4ca19078201b66605967645f2409b88 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-06T18:44:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Carolina Vigna Prado.pdf: 8161478 bytes, checksum: a4ca19078201b66605967645f2409b88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-03 / This master's thesis is formed by a critical and poetic analysis of the work of the contemporary artist Nazareno Rodrigues and author’s own work, mainly considering the intersection of its multiple languages in the context of visual arts; by the creation of a series of drawings in sewing, in dialogue with one of the works of the mentioned artist; by the development of an art research methodology; and by a relational analysis with Italo Calvino's book Six proposals for the new millennium. The critical analysis includes a theoretical part, divided in quantitative and qualitative analysis, with the development of an unpublished methodology of research. The poetic analysis includes the elaboration of an art exposition, in dialogue with one of the works of Nazarene and with the book of Calvin. The reflection on the work of Nazareno Rodrigues, Carolina Vigna and Italo Calvino is relational, intersemiotic and interdependent. The conclusion produced both a theoretical reflection and the revision of the author's artistic production. / A presente dissertação é formada por uma análise crítica e poética da obra do artista contemporâneo Nazareno Rodrigues e da obra da autora, considerando principalmente a intersecção de suas múltiplas linguagens no contexto das artes visuais; pela criação de uma série de desenhos em costura, em diálogo com uma das obras do artista citado; pelo desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de pesquisa em arte; e por uma análise relacional com o livro Seis propostas para o novo milênio, de Italo Calvino. A análise crítica inclui uma parte teórica, dividida em análise quantitativa e qualitativa, com o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia inédita de pesquisa. A análise poética inclui a elaboração de obras – expostas em galeria – em diálogo com uma das obras de Nazareno e com o livro de Calvino. A reflexão sobre a obra de Nazareno Rodrigues, Carolina Vigna e Italo Calvino é relacional, intersemiótica e interdependente. A conclusão produziu tanto uma reflexão teórica quanto a revisão da produção artística da autora.

The scholarly consensus is that the early essays “Il mare dell’oggettività” and “La sfida al labirinto” are two of the most important Italo Calvino wrote on his literary poetics, influencing the metaphors and problematics of his entire corpus: the sea of objectivity, the labyrinth, chaotic flux, a rational cogito subjectivity, binary oppositions etc. The essays were made available to a general public in the collection Una pietra sopra in 1980, part of a selection of texts handpicked by Calvino himself. Curiously, the 1986 English translation titled The Uses of Literature does not contain these important and influential essays, making them unavailable to an Anglophone audience. These essays are here now translated, accompanied by a critical commentary by the translator about their relevance and importance to Calvino’s corpus. The problematics discussed in these essays would re-emerge, with remarkable consistency, in the metaphorical imagery Calvino deployed throughout his career. Nevertheless, Calvino evolves the problematics significantly throughout his career, almost inverting his original stance. Rather than this being an inversion, however, the translator argues that Calvino’s evolution represents a dialectical movement propelled by contradiction, and that therein lies the actual poetics or the stylized mode of thought that these essays inaugurated. Viewing the essays in this light renders them, and Calvino’s entire corpus, ripe for dialogic encounter and collision with otherwise parallel philosophical traditions and schools of thought.

My recent compositions are situated within a postmodern theoretical framework. The heterogeneity of materials and hybridity of musical formation in these works are interpreted and contextualized within a personal reading of postmodern theories. The critical essay traces my aesthetics through a historical investigation into the definition of musical postmodernism. Through extensive citation and analysis of the writings of Julius T. Fraser, Italo Calvino, and Richard Rorty, the essay aims to provide a theoretical context for the interpretation of the musical examples. The creative documentation contains three newly-composed musical works: Piano Trio from Opus 3/c, Opus 6 for Violin, and Opus 7 for Piccolo. The works' postmodern features include creative approaches to the fragmentation of musical time into separate levels, historical allusions, and the exploration of multiplicity.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Roberto da Silva.pdf: 2533062 bytes, checksum: b4d98c756c4ec23619724e23b603ed5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-17 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The proposal of our research is to contemplate about the distinctions of "concept ethical" in the deprived life and political existent between Maquiavel and Calvino. Although both have lived in the same historical period and have been formed with the own Humanism of the time, we detached a distinction between Maquiavel and Calvino found substantially, kept the relationships, between the natural law and the contractual law. Some political changes affected Rome and Florence where Maquiavel was born, and they contributed in your perspective ethics-politics. There are doubts if purposed guides the Prince or the people, so that this understood how the model of overbearing principality worked. Maquiavel composed your political perspective for the discard of the ideal of the Christian ethics, to assume a secularized ideal. Your purpose was the conservation of the State. Already, the effervescences religious, theological and politics composed the scenery of the Reformer. For Calvino, the relationship ethics-politics is understood inside of the subject of the Christian mercy. Then, your fight against the ones that disturbed the kingdom of France and your thought of the King s nobleman occupation, that it should reign by the sacred texts. By virtue of an influence Maquiaveliana in Brazilian reality, is wanted to dialogue with the two thinkers, verifying the dominance form for them proposals, and to discuss as these approaches feels in the Brazilian political field. / A proposta de nossa pesquisa é refletir sobre as distinções de "conceito ético" na vida privada e política existentes entre Maquiavel e Calvino. Embora ambos tenham vivido no mesmo período histórico e tenham sido formados com o Humanismo próprio da época, destacamos uma distinção entre Maquiavel e Calvino encontrada substancialmente, guardadas as relações, entre a lei natural e a lei contratual. Algumas mudanças políticas afetaram Roma e Florença onde Maquiavel nasceu, e contribuíram na sua perspectiva ética-política. Há dúvidas se propositava orientar o Príncipe ou o povo, para que este compreendesse como funcionava o modelo de principado despótico. Maquiavel compunha sua perspectiva política pelo descarte do ideário da ética cristã, para assumir um ideário secularizado. Sua finalidade era a conservação do Estado. Já, as efervescências religiosas, teológicas e políticas compunham o cenário do Reformador. Para Calvino, a relação ética-política é compreendida dentro do assunto da piedade cristã. Daí, sua luta contra os que perturbavam o reino da França e sua preceituação do nobre ofício do Rei, que devia reinar mediante os textos sagrados. Em virtude de uma influência Maquiaveliana na realidade brasileira, deseja-se dialogar com os dois pensadores, verificando a forma de dominação por eles propostas, e discutir como estas abordagens dão-se no campo político brasileiro.

A presente pesquisa propôs a análise de todos os vinte contos que compõem a obra Marcovaldo ou As estações na cidade (2015 [1963]), de Italo Calvino. O foco das análises voltou-se para o protagonista, Marcovaldo, um trabalhador pobre e em permanente estado de desconforto com as mudanças ocorridas no contexto social pós-guerra, especialmente na Itália, no período de seu milagre econômico, que foi impulsionado pelo fim de medidas protecionistas na economia (GINSBORG, 2003). Ao tentar romper com esse cenário, buscando a beleza genuína da natureza, Marcovaldo vê-se experienciando situações que sempre o levam ao descontentamento, intrinsecamente ligado a um novo tipo de relação humana e social, construída a partir não somente da consolidação das sociedades capitalistas modernas, como igualmente da imposição de um padrão único de comportamento à sociedade — a mutação antropológica, como proposto por Pier Paolo Pasolini (1978, 1997). A pesquisa debruçou-se sobre o olhar Ecocrítico (GARRARD, 2006), despertado pela obra em questão, que sugere, a partir da Literatura (e da incorporação de outras áreas como a Sociologia, a Biologia, a Antropologia), o estudo da natureza, suas relações com a mulher e o homem e o refinamento da percepção acerca de questões ecológicas frágeis, captadas com mais afinco a partir da década de 1960 (PIGA; MANSANO, 2015), apesar de as mudanças de perspectiva sobre a sensibilidade em relação à natureza estarem em constante modificação principalmente desde o Iluminismo (THOMAS, 2010 [1983]). A esta pesquisa foram igualmente incorporados pressupostos da Ecosofia (GUATTARI, 2006 [1989]), que sugere um ressignificar de procedimentos e discursos hegemônicos advindos do sistema sócio-político-econômico capitalista. Para tanto, fez-se necessário, conjuntamente, compreender problemáticas concernentes à conjuntura ambiental do século XX e seu impacto sobre as classes menos favorecidas economicamente (BOFF, 1995), assim como assimilar os desdobramentos referentes ao ecologismo dos pobres (via econômica baseada na justiça social), preconizado por Joan Martínez Alier (2014 [2007]), tendo em vista a classe social à qual Marcovaldo pertence. Alicerçada nos princípios descritos, a esta pesquisa coube, portanto, analisar as interações de Marcovaldo e sua família com a natureza e suas possibilidades, suas modificações e incorporação a um efervescente mercado consumidor, com vistas a refletir sobre a crise ecológica (das três ecologias, conforme Guattari) e assinalar hipóteses de superação para a mesma, por meio da apologia de um convívio menos predatório do ser humano relativamente aos outros seres que ao seu lado coabitam na Terra. / The present research proposed the analysis of all twenty short stories that compose the book Marcovaldo or the seasons in the city (2015 [1963]), by Italo Calvino. The analyses focused on the protagonist, Marcovaldo, an impoverished proletarian that finds himself in a continuous state of discomfort with the changes that occurred in the post-war social context, especially in Italy during the period of the economic miracle, which was driven by the end of protectionist measures in the economy (GINSBORG, 2003). In trying to break away from this scenario, seeking the genuine beauty of nature, Marcovaldo ends up experiencing situations that always lead him to a discontent that is inextricably linked to a new kind of human and social relationship, built not only on the consolidation of modern capitalist societies, but also on the imposition of a single standard of behavior on society – an anthropological mutation, as proposed by Pier Paolo Pasolini (1978, 1997). The research focused on the Ecocritical approach (GARRARD, 2006), awakened by the object, which suggests the study (incorporating references from areas such as Sociology, Biology and Anthropology to Literary Theory) of nature, its relationship with women and men, and the refining of perceptions about delicate ecological issues, captured more intensively since the 1960s (PIGA, MANSANO, 2015), although the changes in perspective on sensitivity to nature are constantly shifting, mainly since the Enlightenment (THOMAS, 2010 [1983]). This research also integrated the assumptions of Ecosophy (GUATTARI, 2006 [1989]), which suggests a re-signifying of hegemonic procedures and discourses derived from the capitalist socio-political-economic system. In order to do so, it was necessary, jointly, to understand issues related to the environmental context of the twentieth century and its impact on economically disadvantaged classes (BOFF, 1995), as well as to assimilate the consequences related to the environmentalism of the poor, advocated by Joan Martínez Alier (2014 [2007]), in view of the social class to which Marcovaldo belongs. Based on the principles described, this research therefore had to analyze the interactions of Marcovaldo and his family with nature and its possibilities, its modifications and assimilation into an effervescent consumer market, aiming to reflect on the ecological crisis (of the three ecologies, according to Guattari) and point out hypotheses of overcoming it, by means of the apology of a less predatory human conviviality in relation to the other beings that, with them, live on planet Earth.

This master thesis deals with the phenomenon of non-human narrator in the literary fiction. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a conceptual framework. The framework is based on the so-called unnatural narratology. Firstly, the thesis discusses non-human narrators that are conventionally accepted. Secondly, the thesis provides a case study of non-human narrators that are perceived as unnatural. The case study includes examples from both canonical works and contemporary works. The research focuses on two main levels related to the usage of the phenomenon of non-human narration as used in the narratives: the level of "meaning" and the level of "form and effect".

This report examines the ways in which Cesare Pavese and Italo Calvino use images of the foreign woman as other. Specifically, both authors inscribe foreign territories onto the bodies of their female characters in order to confront complex cultural differences. Italy is the site of this gendered inscription in Pavese’s Il carcere, while various real and imagined foreign lands are made female in Calvino’s Se una notte d’inverno un viaggiatore and Le città invisibili. In Pavese’s novella, the satyr-like Concia and the overly maternal Elena are embodiments of Southern and Northern Italy, respectively, and the failure of the protagonist to form a relationship with either woman represents his failure to assimilate into the mezzogiorno and his simultaneous rejection of northern society. In Calvino’s two works, female characters and attributes are consciously used to embody various foreign countries so that the protagonists may grasp the unknown, both physically and psychologically. By linking woman and terrain, Pavese and Calvino attempt to dominate distant lands, which are otherwise enigmatic and incomprehensible, in the typical Orientalist fashion. / text

In Italy, the period directly following World War II was marked by confusion and turbulence as the people struggled to reconstruct both the ideological and physical infrastructure of the nation. While much study has been dedicated to the evolution of femininity and the figure of the woman in this particular period, comparatively little has been written on the refashioning of masculinity in the texts produced in the period between 1940 and 1955. After the fall of the Fascist Regime, Italian masculinity undergoes a drastic transformation as the generation of young men born and raised under the tutelage of Mussolini’s reign attempt to separate themselves from the now-tainted codes of conduct governing male behavior. This report analyzes the renegotiation of Italian masculinity in G. Silvano Spinetti’s non-fictional account Difesa di una generazione (scritti e appunti), Italo Calvino’s Il sentiero dei nidi di ragno, Beppe Fenoglio’s short story “Gli inizi del partigiano Raoul” and Pier Paolo Pasolini’s Ragazzi di vita. These works, written and published in the postwar period, manipulate the vi marginality and privation experienced by the Italian population during the war and postwar period into a liminal state brimming with revolutionary potentiality. The protagonists of these texts (both fictional and non-fictional), isolated from the larger social context and deprived of individual identity, property and privilege, circumvent their polluted patriarchal lines in favor of an alternative ideological patriarchy. While Spinetti, Calvino and Fenoglio’s works advance their liminal narratives as a means of creating an emblematic Italian man capable of rejoining the generative discourse, Pasolini’s text renounces such a progressive view. In Ragazzi di vita, the only possibility for a masculine identity free of Fascism resides in a maintaining a perennial liminality. / text

Nel presente lavoro vengono suggerite nuove strategie di lettura per un’opera che costituisce un unicum, non solo nella produzione narrativa di Italo Calvino, ma certamente anche nella storia letteraria del Novecento. Il castello dei destini incrociati (1973) viene interpretato in senso cartografico, come il tentativo di mappare un mondo labirintico, dai significati inesauribili e comunque destinato a farsi inghiottire dal gorgo della modernità. Pur conservando i tratti del romanzo enciclopedico, viene messo in luce come il Castello si sottragga al desiderio di rappresentare la totalità, scegliendo piuttosto la strada del potenziale e della metamorfosi, nel tentativo di individuare i fattori primi di ogni storia narrabile. Un po’ torre di Babele e un po’ arca dell’alleanza, emerge nel lavoro come il libro nasca dal bisogno di verificare le ragioni della letteratura e di rivisitare il ruolo dell’intellettuale: sul finire degli anni sessanta, Calvino allestisce in chiave allegorica e figurale un’allarmata riflessione sulla convivenza, profetizzando l’apocalisse di un mondo che è chiamato a recuperare l’antica fiducia nella progettazione e nell’utopia. / This work suggests new reading strategies for a novel that represents a singular event, not only in Italo Calvino’s narrative production, but also in the history of Nineteenth-Century literature. The Castle of Crossed Destinies (1973) is approached in a cartographical way, as an attempt to give the map of a labyrinthine world, complicated by inexhaustible meanings and, in any case, destined to be swallowed by Modernity’s wheel. Though conserving the features of the encyclopaedic novel, the Castle is shown as a book that tries to dodge the desire to represent the world as a whole, as a totality: on the contrary, it chooses to go through the paths of potentiality and metamorphosis, seeking the prime factors of every possible story. The Castle is a sort of Tower of Babel, an Ark of the Covenant: Savio’s thesis underlines that this novel grows out of the need to check the reasons of literature and to rethink the role of intellectuals: in the end of the Sixties, allegorically and figurally, Calvino sets up an alarmed reflection about the coexistence of mankind, foretelling the apocalypse of a world that is called to rescue its old faith in planning and utopia.