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Avaliação da zona de conforto musculoesquelético em ombro de professores durante a atividade de escrever na lousa / Evaluation of the comfort zone musculoskeletal shoulder teachers during the activity of writing on the blackboardCarolina Mouco Viana Sanchez 24 June 2013 (has links)
As patologias do ombro representam o primeiro lugar de afastamento por doenças do trabalho e os professores estão incluídos entre os profissionais que apresentam sobrecarga nesta articulação pelas posturas que realizam. Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar prevalências de queixas músculoesqueléticas nestes profissionais e delimitar uma zona de conforto de escrita na lousa. A avaliação das queixas foi realizada por meio de do Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares e Mapa de Desconforto Postural em 82 professores do ensino básico, fundamental e médio. A zona de conforto foi avaliada por meio de estudo psicofísico utilizando as Escalas Visual Analógica e de Borg. Os resultados mostraram que coluna, pernas e ombro direito apresentaram maiores índices de queixas e que a faixa entre 20 cm acima e 30 cm abaixo do nível do ombro não apresentam desconforto nesta atividade. Concluiu-se que professores podem apresentar sobrecarga postural dependendo das alturas em que utilizam a lousa para escrever / The pathologies of the shoulder represent the first removal by occupational diseases and teachers are included among professionals who have this joint overhead by performing postures. The objectives of this study were to identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in these professionals and delimit a comfort zone of writing on the blackboard. A review of the complaints was performed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Map Postural Discomfort in 82 elementary school teachers, and high school. The comfort zone was evaluated by psychophysical study using the Visual Analogue Scales and Borg. The results showed that column, legs and right shoulder had higher rates of complaints and that the range between 20 cm above and 30 cm below the level of the shoulder discomfort not have this activity. It was concluded that teachers may exhibit overload posture depending on the use the times when writing blackboard
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Capacidade para o trabalho e presenteísmo em trabalhadores de enfermagem; propostas de intervençôes gerenciais / Work ability and presenteeism among nursing workers: management intervention proposalsFabio José da Silva 25 August 2016 (has links)
Introdução: O aperfeiçoamento das políticas de saúde e segurança no trabalho requer inovação no gerenciamento de recursos humanos, demandando ações direcionadas para boas condições de trabalho e saúde. Objetivo: Analisar a associação da capacidade para o trabalho e do presenteísmo entre trabalhadores de enfermagem e propor intervenções para a prevenção do presenteísmo e das incapacidades para o trabalho. Método: Estudo epidemiológico de recorte transversal, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa dos dados, desenvolvido no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo (HU-USP), com todos os trabalhadores assistenciais da equipe de enfermagem e seus respectivos gerentes. Os dados foram coletados por meio de quatro instrumentos: formulário contendo dados sociodemográficos e profissionais, questionário Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT), Escala de Presenteísmo de Stanford (SPS-6) e entrevista coletiva (grupo focal) com os gerentes de enfermagem. O projeto foi submetido ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo e a coleta autorizada pelo HU-USP. Os dados foram coletados no período de fevereiro a novembro de 2015, sendo que todos os participantes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. O contato com os trabalhadores foi no próprio local e turno de trabalho, seguido da apresentação do projeto e do convite para participação no estudo. Foi usado o teste Qui quadrado para a análise bivariada dos fatores associados à capacidade para trabalho. As variáveis que apresentaram p<0,20 foram incluídas na modelagem múltipla, por meio de análise de regressão logística stepwise forward. Os dados qualitativos foram transcritos e submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Em relação aos dados quantitativos foram eleitos 516 sujeitos e desses 379 (73,4%) participaram da pesquisa. A média etária foi de 41,6 anos (dp=9,2 anos), variando de 23,0 a 65,0 anos, sendo 331 (87,3%) mulheres, casadas (60,6%), com escolaridade de nível superior (63,6%). O tempo médio de atuação na profissão de enfermagem era de 16,2 anos (dp=8,0 anos) e 63,0% exerciam a função de técnico ou auxiliar de enfermagem. A jornada de trabalho semanal foi de 38,5 horas em média (dp=8,6 horas), sendo que a maioria (55,6%) relatou mais de 01 hora diária de tempo de trajeto. A média do ICT foi considerada boa, com 39,1 pontos (dp=5,9), variando de 20,0 a 49,0 pontos, porém 38.3% com ICT inadequado. O presenteísmo foi revelado por 39.8% dos participantes, desses 23.7% com desempenho mantido e 16,1% com desempenho reduzido. Dentre os problemas de saúde, os distúrbios musculoesqueléticos, gastrointestinais, respiratórios e emocionais foram os mais prevalentes. Observou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre a capacidade para o trabalho e o presenteísmo (p<0,001), sendo que entre os trabalhadores com melhor desempenho houve maior prevalência de capacidade para o trabalho adequada (68,2%) do que entre aqueles com redução do desempenho (27,9%). A análise dos dados qualitativos resultou em três categorias nas dimensões individual, gerencial e institucional com propostas de intervenções focadas nos temas de sensibilização para adesão às medidas de proteção, gestão e liderança para cultura de segurança no trabalho e os recursos disponíveis na universidade como estratégia de mudança. Conclusão: As intervenções gerenciais propostas para a saúde do trabalhador foram consideradas atributos para a qualidade de vida no trabalho, longevidade e garantia de segurança na assistência de enfermagem e melhora na acreditação hospitalar. / Introduction - The improvement of occupational health and safety policies requires innovation in human resource management, demanding actions directed at good working conditions and health. Objective - Analyze the association between work ability and presenteeism among nursing workers and propose interventions to prevent presenteeism and occupational disability. Method - Epidemiological cross-sectional study, with quantitative and qualitative data approach, developed at the University Hospital of the University of Sao Paulo (HU-USP), with all the nursing care workers and their respective managers. The data were collected through four instruments: sociodemographic and professional profile questionnaire, Work Ability Index (WAI), Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) and nursing managers focus group discussion. The project was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Nursing School of the University of Sao Paulo and the collection authorized by the HU-USP. The data were collected from February to November 2015, and all the participants signed the Informed Consent form. The contact with the workers was made at their own workplace and during their work shift. It was followed by the project presentation and the invitation to take part of the survey. The chi-square test was used for the bivariate analysis of the factors associated with the work ability. The variables presenting p<0.20 were included in the multivariate data modeling through a stepwise forward logistic regression analysis. The qualitative data were transcribed and submitted to a thematic content analysis. Results - Regarding quantitative data, 516 subjects were elected and 379 (73.4%) of them participated in the survey. The average age was 41.6 years (SD=9.2 years), ranging from 23.0 to 65.0 years old, 331 (87.3%) were women, married (60.6%), with an educational higher level (63.6%).The average time of work in the nursing profession was 16.2 years (SD=8.0 years) and 63.0% exercised as technicians or nursing assistants. The average weekly working hours were 38.5 (SD=8.6 hours), and the majority (55.6%) reported spending more than 01 hour a day commuting. The WAI average score was considered good, with 39.1 points (SD=5.9), ranging from 20.0 to 49.0 points, but 38.3% presented an inadequate WAI. Presenteeism was revealed by 39.8% of the respondents, 23.7% of them maintaining their work performance, while 16.1% reducing it. The most prevalent health problems reported were musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, respiratory and emotional disorders. A statistically significant association between work ability and presenteeism (p<0,001) could be noted. There was a higher prevalence of adequate work ability (68.2%) among workers with a better work performance than among those with a reduced one (27.9%). The qualitative data analysis resulted in three categories in the individual, managerial and institutional dimensions with intervention proposals focused on awareness issues for adherence to protective measures, management and leadership for safety culture at work and the resources available at the university as a strategy of change. Conclusion - The management interventions proposed for the worker´s health were considered as attributes to the quality of working life, longevity and safety assurance in nursing care and to the hospital accreditation improvement.
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Parâmetros fisiológicos, motores e morfológicos de bailarinas clássicas / Physiological, morphological and motor parameters in classical ballet dance playersGulak, Andreia 12 October 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Mara Patricia Traina Chacon-Mikahil / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T14:45:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: traçar o perfil antropométrico e a composição corporal em bailarinas clássicas; verificar por meio de testes indicadores como: flexibilidade, agilidade, força explosiva de membros inferiores e a capacidade cardiorrespiratória nas bailarinas; analisar os valores da concentração do lactato sangüíneo e de remoção após duas diferentes rotinas coreográficas específicas do ballet clássico: adágio e allegro. Sendo assim, foram estudadas 11 bailarinas adolescentes e 11 bailarinas adultas do sexo feminino na faixa etária de 14 a 31 nos. Como pré-requisitos para inclusão das bailarinas na investigação foram considerados o período mínimo de oito anos de prática de dança e estarem em fase de treinamento. A composição corporal foi avaliada pela técnica de espessura do tecido celular subcutâneo, as medidas de flexibilidade em diferentes articulações foram obtidas por meio de um flexímetro, a capacidade neuromuscular foi avaliada por meio da medida de agilidade e a força explosiva de membros inferiores executando o salto específico do ballet na Plataforma de Saltos Ergojump Test®. A avaliação da capacidade e potência cardiorrespiratória máxima foi realizada em esteira rolante durante esforço dinâmico até a exaustão. A intensidade de esforço foi medida durante as rotinas coreográficas por meio da dosagem das concentrações de lactato sangüíneo. Os dados apresentados são os valores das médias ± desvios padrões, a partir da seleção e da tabulação dos resultados, procedendo-se à aplicação da estatística descritiva dos dados individuais. O nível de significância adotado para todos os resultados foi de p<0,05. Para a avaliação da flexibilidade as bailarinas apresentaram valores que são satisfatórios para a modalidade e acima dos valores de outros estudos. No teste de agilidade as bailarinas adolescentes obtiveram melhores resultados, enquanto que na avaliação da força de membros inferiores as bailarinas adultas apresentaram valores significantemente maiores. A Ventilação no teste de esforço máximo no Limiar Anaeróbio entre os dois grupos não foi significativamente diferente. Mas parece que o treinamento específico do ballet clássico não diminui a resposta ventilatória. Considerando a metodologia de 4mM, pudemos verificar que: a seqüência coreográfica adágio está no Limiar Anaeróbio, enquanto que a seqüência coreográfica allegro atinge o pico acima do Limiar Anaeróbio para os dois grupos. Na seqüência coreográfica adágio as bailarinas adolescentes atingiram valores significantemente maiores em todos os momentos da recuperação passiva. De acordo com os resultados encontrados no presente estudo, pudemos concluir que são necessários estudos adicionais, a fim de caracterizar melhor o ballet clássico, principalmente em diferentes momentos da periodização do treinamento. / Abstract: The aims of this study were: make the anthropometrics profile and body composition in classical dancers; Check through specific tests the flexibility, the agility, the explosive strength of lower limbs and the cardio respiratory capacity in the dancers; analyze the levels of blood lactate concentration blood and the its removal kinetics after two different specific classical ballet choreographic routines: adagio and allegro. So we studied 11 adolescents and 11 adult females' dancers, between 14 and 31 years old. As inclusion criteria's it was considered the minimum period of eight years of dance practice and still be in the process of training. The body composition was assessed by the subcutaneous cellular tissue thickness technique. The measures of flexibility in different joints were obtained with a fleximeter, the neuromuscular capacity was evaluated by the measure of the agility (by Shutlle Run test) and the explosive power of lower members was obtained through a specific ballet jump in the Ergojump Test®, a jump platform. The assessment of the maximum cardio respiratory capacity and power was obtained through a treadmill dynamic test until the exhaustion. The effort intensity was measured during the choreographic routines through the blood lactate concentrations. The data are presented as mean ± standard deviations after the selection and organizations of results. The we proceeded with the descriptive statistics of individual data. The level of significance adopted was p<0,05. In body composition assessments the adolescents dancers obtained higher values than the adult dancers, but we must remember that it was used different formulas, due to the difference in age. It was possible to verify that there are problems in the validation of methods to estimate body composition in dancers and practitioners of dance. For the flexibility assessment the dancers showed satisfactory values and higher in comparison to other studies. In the agility test the adolescents dancers obtained the best results, while in the lower limbs strength test the adult dancers showed significantly higher values. The pulmonary ventilation on the treadmill test in anaerobic threshold between the two groups was not significantly different. But it appears that the special training of classical ballet does not reduce the ventilation response. Considering the 4mM methodology, we can verify that: the Adagio choreogaphic routine is at the anaerobic threshold, while the Allegro choreographic routine reaches the peak above the anaerobic threshold for the two groups. At Adagio the adolescents dancers achieved significantly higher values of lactate levels in all stages of passive recovery. According to the results found in this study, we believe that that additional studies are still required in order to make a better characterization of the classical ballet, especially at different times of periodization of the training. / Mestrado / Ciencia do Desporto / Mestre em Educação Física
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The experiences of the development support group DSG in the integrated quality management system IQMS in Butterworth District, Eastern CapeNdandani- Msindwana, Judith Nonkululeko January 2012 (has links)
This study investigated the experiences of the Development Support Group (DGS) when implementing the IQMS (Integrated Quality Management System) in Butterworth District of the Eastern Cape. The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of the DSG when implementing the IQMS in an attempt to determine whether the DSG can cope with the task of being part of evaluation in education, and how the negative experiences could be improved. In order to get the experiences of the DSG when implementing the IQMS, the researcher embarked on this phenomenological study. Data were collected by means of one-on-one semi-structured interviews and the perusal of the IQMS document, Resolution 8 of 2003. Responses from the participants were tape-recorded and eventually transcribed, analyzed and interpreted. The main feature revealed by the study is gross lack of confidence, feeling of insecurity and ambivalence on the part of the DSG. On the basis of the findings, recommendations that will assist the DSG (and other IQMS implementers) to improve IQMS implementation, have been made. This study also serves as the voice of the DSG for they have also made suggestions to improve on the negative experiences they have highlighted. The conclusions arrived at in this study are specific to the DSG of the sampled schools. The conclusions reflect and explain the challenges faced by the DSG in Butterworth district. But the findings give a reflective explanatory depth to the experiences the DSG when implementing the IQMS.
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Perceptions and practices of occupational therapists in determining work capacity of employees suffering from major depressive disorderRamano, Enos Morankoana 18 May 2012 (has links)
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a relevant condition to consider regarding Work Capacity Evaluation (WCE) because of its high prevalence, strong impact on short-term work disability, and low rate of treatment. The challenge that faces occupational therapists (OTs) is that there is no specific guideline and process to follow when conducting Work Capacity Evaluation with clients suffering from MDD. The researcher had also noted conflicting opinions with regard to the outcome of Work Capacity Evaluation (WCE) and recommendations in occupational therapy reports. The researcher is of the opinion that indeed occupational therapy assessments need to be clear about what to measure, and selection of appropriate standardised measures and non-standardised assessments is needed. Therefore, the research question was, what are the perceptions and practices of occupational therapists in determining work capacity of employees suffering from major depressive disorder? The aim of this study was to describe the perceptions and practices of occupational therapists in determining work capacity of employees suffering from major depressive disorder. The literature showed that Work Capacity Evaluation assists to determine the employee’s returnto- work. The Code of Good Practice: Dismissal contained in the Labour Relations Act of 1998, stipulates that incapacity on the ground of ill health or injury may be either temporary or permanent. The nature of this study was a mixed method design including both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The phenomenological strategy was used. The study had a sample size of 68 participants, practising as occupational therapists. Purposive sampling was used. The data were collected in four distinct phases, referred to as sequential exploratory strategy with elements of embedded design. Phase one, used descriptive open-ended questions; phase two was a close-ended questionnaire to confirm findings in phase one; phase three consisted of focus group interviews and phase four was member checking to confirm findings in phase three. During data analysis, five themes related to employees suffering from MDD emerged and they were identified as: (1) the content of comprehensive assessment for work capacity evaluation, (2) the process of work capacity evaluation, (3) the competency requirements of the occupational therapist, (4) occupational performance and (5) formulating return-to-work decision. Recommendations related to the five themes were formulated and suggestions for future research proffered. The study clarified and confirmed that occupational therapists have a major role to play in performing work capacity of employees suffering from major depressive disorder, and that they need to be competent in performing these evaluations. Copyright / Dissertation (MOccTher)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Occupational Therapy / unrestricted
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Timetable evaluation with focus on quality for travellersWarg, Jennifer January 2016 (has links)
Punctuality and reliability are important for travellers. Railway lines with heterogeneous and dense traffic have proved to be prone to generate delays. Faster services and increased traffic have to be counterbalanced with measures for increased reliability. Efficient timetable planning can improve the use of such lines. Usually, that aim is treated from either a capacity or a socio-economic point of view. Because both are important, this thesis aims to combine the fields. A new method to evaluate timetable alternatives is developed. Commonly used methods are combined in a novel way to reveal values for different variables as input for evaluation of alternatives. That enables the comparison of timetable strategies using relevant input data. The idea is to estimate the benefits of a timetable for a traveller by expressing them as a timetable performance index (TTPI). For this purpose, quality indicators and methods to reveal them are identified. In the next step, traditional valuations for relationships between the indicators are used to test different model configurations for evaluation of alternatives, for example alternative departures on the same line or different timetables. To treat this multidisciplinary task, several case studies were performed on the Swedish Southern and Western Main lines. As part of a study focussing on methods to measure and evaluate capacity based on travellers’ valuations, the importance of delays was analysed in a questionnaire study and relationships between several variables describing the timetable were found. The other case studies aimed to identify relevant variables and use them to evaluate alternatives. Static and dynamic variables are distinguished. The static ones describe the timetable before operation, the dynamic ones the result of operation or estimated outcome revealed by means of, for example, simulation. Empirical delay data is used in one study, simulation with the microscopic tool RailSys in the others. In one of the studies, analysis is combined with the macroscopic timetabling tool TVEM (Lindfeldt, 2010). The case studies showed the characteristics of the analysed lines described by the chosen variables and which methods and variables are relevant to use for a comparison of timetable slots or evaluation of effects of changes in the timetable. An evaluation method was developed where simulation and timetable analysis reveal the variables. The idea is to construct an analytical function using traditional weights for relationships between the variables to convert the values of the variables into a performance index (PI). Based on a PI for each train slot (TSPI), the TTPI for the whole timetable is estimated. It describes the quality of a timetable in terms of timetable time, i.e. the resulting value is a time that is comparable to the scheduled travel time of one train departure, but includes additional information. With this method, complex timetables can be evaluated regarding their robustness to perturbations, which is valuable for socio-economic analysis of effects of measures applied on the railway system. As shown in a one of the case studies, quality in terms of punctuality and reliability is important for travellers, at the same time as the design of the timetable has significant impact on these aspects. Timetable analysis and simulation are relevant methods to reveal variables that describe these characteristics and evaluation with the presented method is recommended. The configuration of the TTPI is essential for the outcome whereas it is important to choose variables and parameters adequately. If this is taken into account, the approach can be an efficient way to adjust timetables and choose the best alternative, for instance if a train path or timetable change is to be chosen among several. / Punktlighet och tillförlitlighet är viktiga för resenärer. Järnvägar med heterogen och tät trafik har visat sig vara benägna att generera förseningar. Snabbare tåg och utökat trafikutbud måste uppvägas mot punktlighetsåtgärder. Effektiv tidtabellsplanering kan förbättra utnyttjandet av sådana linjer. Detta ändamål behandlas oftast utifrån antingen kapacitets eller samhällsekonomisk synvinkel. Eftersom bägge är viktiga syftar den här avhandlingen på att kombinera dessa områden. En metod för utvärdering av tidtabellsalternativ utvecklas. Befintliga metoder kombineras på ett nytt sätt för att ta fram värden för olika variabler som indata för en utvärdering av alternativen. Detta möjliggör en jämförelse av tidtabellsstrategier med relevant indata. Idén bygger på att bedöma en tidtabells nytta för resenären genom att uttrycka denna som ett prestationsindex (TTPI). För detta syfte identifieras kvalitetsindikatorer och metoder för att ta fram dessa. Traditionella valideringar för relationerna mellan indikatorerna används sedan för att testa olika konfigurationer av modellen för att utvärdera alternativ, till exempel alternativa avgångar på samma linje eller olika tidtabeller. För denna multidisciplinära uppgift har flera fallstudier på svenska Södra och Västra stambanan genomförts. Som del av en studie med fokus på metoder för att mäta och utvärdera kapacitet baserad på resenärers värderingar har förseningens värde analyserats med hjälp av en enkätundersökning och relationer mellan några variabler som beskriver tidtabellen hittats. De övriga fallstudierna syftade på att ta fram relevanta variabler och att använda dem för att utvärdera alternativ. Variablerna delades upp i statiska och dynamiska. De statiska beskriver tidtabellen innan den körs, de dynamiska det verkliga utfallet eller det estimerade resultatet framtaget med hjälp av exempelvis simulering. Empiriska förseningsdata används i en studie, simulering med det mikroskopiska programmet RailSys i de andra. I en av studierna kombineras analysen med det makroskopiska tidtabellsverktyget TVEM (Lindfeldt, 2010). Fallstudierna visade de analyserade linjernas egenskaper beskrivna av de valda variablerna och vilka metoder och variabler som är relevanta för en jämförelse av olika tåglägen eller en utvärdering hur en ändring i tidtabellen påverkar. En utvärderingsmetod där simulering och tidtabellsanalys används för att ta fram variablerna utvecklades. Idén är att skapa en analytisk funktion med hjälp av traditionella vikter som beskriver sambanden mellan variablerna för att räkna om variablernas värden till en prestationsindex (PI). Baserad på en PI för varje tågläge (TSPI) estimeras värdet för hela tidtabellen (TTPI). Detta index beskriver tidtabellens kvalitet som tidtabellstid, dvs. värdet är en tid som är jämförbar med den tidtabellslagda restiden för en avgång, men med ytterligare information inkluderat. Med hjälp av denna metod kan komplexa tidtabeller utvärderas med avseende på robusthet mot störningar vilket är värdefullt för samhällsekonomiska bedömningar av åtgärder i järnvägssystemet. Som en av fallstudierna visade är kvalitet i form av punktlighet och tillförlitlighet viktig för resenärer samtidigt som tidtabellens utformning har en signifikant påverkan på samma aspekter. Tidtabellsanalys och simulering är relevanta metoder för att ta fram variabler som beskriver dessa egenskaper och utvärdering med de visade metoderna rekommenderades. Modellens konfiguration är betydelsefull för resultatet vilket gör det viktigt att välja variabler och parametrar som är lämpliga. Om detta respekteras kan metoden vara effektiv för att anpassa tidtabeller och välja det bästa alternativet, till exempel när det gäller att välja mellan olika tåglägen eller justeringar i tidtabellen. / Pünktlichkeit und Zuverlässigkeit sind wichtig für Reisende. Stark belastete Eisenbahnlinien mit heterogenem Verkehr sind störungsanfällig. Zugleich besteht oft ein Bedarf an schnelleren und häufigeren Verbindungen, was jedoch mit potentiellen negativen Effekten auf die Kapazität aufgewogen werden muss. Effiziente Fahrplankonstruktion kann die Nutzung solcher Linien verbessern. Dieses Ziel wird meist entweder aus der Sicht der Kapazitätsanalyse oder wirtschaftlichen Aspekten betrachtet. Da beide Betrachtungsweisen wichtig sind, strebt diese Arbeit die Kombination beider Felder an. Eine Methode für die Auswertung verschiedener Fahrpläne wird entwickelt. Bewährte Methoden werden in neuer Weise kombiniert um Werte für verschiedene Variablen als Input für die Auswertung von Alternativen zu erhalten. Das ermöglicht es potentielle Änderungen im Fahrplan mithilfe relevanter Werte zu vergleichen. Die Idee basiert auf einem Leistungsindex (TTPI), der den Nutzen eines Fahrplans für die Reisenden ausdrücken soll. Zu diesem Zweck werden Qualitätsindikatoren gewählt und Methoden zur Berechnung und Bearbeitung der Indikatoren entwickelt. Traditionelle Werte für die Abhängigkeiten zwischen den Indikatoren dienen dann dem Test verschiedener Modelkonfigurationen sowie der Auswertung von Alternativen, z. B unterschiedlicher Trassen oder Fahrpläne. Für diese multidisziplinäre Aufgabe wurden mehrere Fallstudien für die südliche und westliche Hauptstrecke in Schweden durchgeführt. In einer Fragenbogenstudie mit den Schwerpunkten Mess- und Auswertungsmethoden wurde der Wert von Verspätungen für Reisende untersucht und Verhältnisse zwischen mehreren Indikatoren ermittelt. Die weiteren Fallstudien strebten das Finden relevanter Variablen und deren Anwendung zur Auswertung von Alternativen an. Statische und dynamische Variablen wurden unterschieden. Die statischen beschreiben den geplanten Fahrplan vor dem Betrieb, die dynamischen den wirklichen Ausfall oder das beispielsweise durch Simulation berechnete erwartete Resultat. In einer der Fallstudien wurde empirisches Datenmaterial für die Verspätungsdaten genutzt, in den weiteren das mikroskopische Simulationsprogramm RailSys. In einer der Studien wurde die Analyse mit dem makroskopischen Fahrplanungsprogramm TVEM (Lindfeldt, 2010) kombiniert. Die Eigenschaften der untersuchten Linien wurden mithilfe der gewählten Indikatoren analysiert. Weiterhin wurde die Relevanz verschiedener Methoden und Variablen für den Vergleich von Fahrten oder der Beurteilung von Änderungen in Fahrplänen beschrieben. Die gewählte Bewertungsmethode kombiniert Simulation und Fahrplananalyse um die benötigten Werte zu bestimmen. Mithilfe einer analytischen Funktion sollen die Variablen durch Anwenden von traditionellen Werten für die Zusammenhänge in einen Leistungsindex (PI) umgewandelt werden. Basierend auf einem PI für jede geplante Fahrplantrasse (TSPI) kann der Wert für den gesamten Fahrplan (TTPI) bestimmt werden. Dieser Index übersetzt die Qualität des Fahrplans in Fahrtzeit, das heißt resultiert in einer Zeit, die mit der fahrplanmäßigen Fahrtzeit für eine Fahrt vergleichbar ist, aber zusätzliche Information enthält. Diese Methode ermöglicht es, komplexe Fahrpläne bezüglich Robustheit gegen Störungen auszuwerten, was wertvoll für die Berechnung der Wirtschaftlichkeit von Maßnahmen im Bahnnetz ist. Wie eine der Fallstudien gezeigt hat, ist die Qualität in Form von Pünktlichkeit und Zuverlässigkeit wichtig für die Reisenden. Gleichzeitig beeinflusst die Ausformung des Fahrplans diese Eigenschaften deutlich. Fahrplananalyse und Simulation sind geeignete Methoden um die Werte der Variablen, die diese Eigenschaften beschreiben, zu bestimmen. Auswertung auf diese Weise wird empfohlen. Die Konfiguration des Models beeinflusst das Ergebnis, weshalb es wichtig ist geeignete Variablen und Parameter zu benutzen. Wird das berücksichtigt, kann die entwickelte Methode effizient für das Verbessern von Fahrplänen angewandt werden und die Wahl der besten Alternative unterstützen, z.B. bei geplanten Änderungen im Fahrplan oder der Wahl zwischen unterschiedlichen Trassen. / <p>QC 20160902</p>
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The work ability continuum : epidemiological studies of factors promoting sustainable work ability /Lindberg, Per, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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Adaptação cultural do instrumento Work Role Functioning Questionnaire / The cross-cultural adaptation of the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire in Brazilian PortugueseGallasch, Cristiane Helena, 1981 14 February 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Neusa Maria Costa Alexandre / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T15:19:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Afecções osteomusculares representam um sério problema de saúde pública, causando absenteísmo, afastamentos e incapacidade funcional nas diversas categorias de trabalhadores. Questionários são considerados úteis para investigar os sintomas osteomusculares, sendo possível identificar fatores do ambiente trabalho associados com o desenvolvimento desses distúrbios. Os objetivos deste estudo foram traduzir e adaptar culturalmente o instrumento Work Role Functioning Questionnaire para o português falado no Brasil, assim como avaliar sua confiabilidade para aplicação em indivíduos com distúrbios osteomusculares. A adaptação cultural foi realizada conforme as recomendações da literatura internacional, obedecendo as etapas de tradução, retro-tradução, e revisão por um comitê de especialistas. Foi realizado pré-teste com a participação de 30 indivíduos com sintomas osteomusculares. As propriedades psicométricas foram avaliadas após a participação de 105 sujeitos portadores de sintomas osteomusculares e 105 indivíduos sem sintomas. A confiabilidade foi avaliada por meio da consistência interna e estabilidade, com resultados satisfatórios para o instrumento como um todo (alfa de Cronbach = 0,95). Na avaliação de cada sub-escala, o alfa de Cronbach foi maior que 0,85, exceto para aquela que avalia a demanda social. O Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse, que avaliou a estabilidade teste-reteste, foi satisfatório para a demanda mental (0,68) e excelente para as demais (0,82 ¿ 0,91). Na avaliação da validade de constructo, por meio da comparação entre os grupos, a pontuação média obtida foi menor para as demandas física, de plano de trabalho, e de produção para o grupo de indivíduos com sintomas osteomusculares. Houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos na comparação dessas demandas (p<0,001). Os dados demonstram que o processo de adaptação cultural foi realizado com sucesso e que a versão do instrumento obtida apresenta propriedades psicométircas confiáveis para utilização na população brasileira.
Palavras-chave: Ergonomia. Enfermagem Ocupacional. Doenças Musculoesqueléticas. Avaliação da Capacidade de Trabalho. Comparação Transcultural / Abstracts: Musculoskeletal disorders represent a serious problem in public health, resulting in absenteeism, loss of work and disabilities. Questionnaires have been considered useful to identify musculoskeletal symptoms and to investigate correlated factors in workplace. The study objectives were to translate and adapt the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire into the Brazilian Portuguese language and evaluate its reliability in patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders. The cross-cultural adaptation was performed according to the internationally recommended methodology, using the following guidelines: translation, back-translation, revision by a committee and pretest. The pretest was carried out with 30 patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders. Psychometric properties were evaluated by administering the questionnaire to 105 subjects with musculoskeletal disorders and receiving physical therapy treatment. The reliability was estimated through stability and homogeneity assessment. The construct validity was tested comparing the 105 subjects suffering from musculoskeletal disorders to 105 healthy workers. The results indicated good content validity and internal consistency (Cronbach alpha= 0,95). Cronbach alpha for each scale was > 0,85, except for the social demand scale. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient for the test-retest reliability was satisfactory for mental demands (ICC= 0,68) and excellent for the others (0,82 ¿ 0,91). In relation to the construct validity, the mean score obtained for each scale was lower for physical, work scheduling, and output demands in the subjects with musculoskeletal disorders. There was a significant difference (p<0,001) between the groups in comparison to work scheduling, physical and output demands. The data showed that the cross-cultural adaptation process was successful and the adapted instrument demonstrated psychometric properties making it reliable to use in the Brazilian culture.
Key-words: Ergonomics. Occupational Health Nursing. Musculoskeletal Diseases. Work Capacity Evaluation. Cross-cultural Comparison / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem
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Bombeiros e profissionais do resgate : capacidade para o trabalho e qualidade de vida / Firefighters and rescue professionals : work abality and quality of lifeMarconato, Rafael Silva, 1981- 25 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Maria Inês Monteiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Enfermagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T21:51:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O trabalho é fator determinante das condições de saúde e profissionais com maior exigência apresentam riscos maiores de agravos. Bombeiros são expostos a exigências extremas. Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar capacidade para o trabalho e qualidade de vida dos bombeiros e profissionais do resgate; caracterizar seu perfil sociodemográfico, condições de saúde, trabalho e estilo de vida; relacionar escores do Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT) e qualidade de vida entre si e com características sociodemográficas, condições de saúde, de trabalho e estilo de vida; identificar variáveis que afetam a capacidade para o trabalho e a qualidade de vida. Estudo epidemiológico transversal, descritivo, com aplicação de três questionários: 1) dados sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e aspectos de saúde e trabalho (QSETS); 2) ICT e 3) Questionário sobre qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-BREF), versão em português. A população de estudo foi composta por 90 bombeiros e profissionais de resgate de Campinas. A idade média foi de 36,4 ±7,8 anos, a média semanal de horas trabalhadas foi de 63,7 horas, 60% acima dos profissionais celetistas brasileiros, possuíam ensino médio (43,2%), faixa salarial entre R$1555,00 e R$3172,00. Consideraram seu estado de saúde melhor que outros de mesma idade (76,1%), 31,1% tiveram dor nos últimos seis meses e, 20,2% na última semana; 82,2% referem dormir bem, 72,7% apresentavam IMC acima de 25Kg/m2, 28,4% tinham outro emprego, trabalhavam com resgate, em média, há 8,6 anos e 78,4% declararam-se satisfeitos com seu trabalho. O ICT variou entre 18 e 49 pontos, média de 41,7 e 45,5%, foram enquadrados na categoria ótima capacidade para o trabalho. Diferenças significantes entre ICT e variáveis foram identificados em satisfação com o trabalho, estresse, tempo que está trabalhando no local, percepção do estado de saúde comparada as pessoas da mesma idade, presença de dor nos últimos seis meses ou na ultima semana, peso e IMC. Foram aplicados três modelos de regressão linear, com variável dependente "escore do ICT" e controle o sexo e idade: modelo 1 (variáveis independentes de condições de trabalho) teve como resultados satisfação com trabalho (p=0,0043) e exposição a riscos (p=0,0360) R20,17; modelo 2 (variáveis de estilo de vida) com IMC (p=0,0043) R2 0,21; e, modelo 3 (variáveis de condições de saúde) com percepção do estado saúde (p=0,0073), dor últimos seis meses (p<0,0001) e estresse (p0,0001) R20,45. Dos domínios do WHOQOL-BREF as médias foram: Físicos (74,6), Psicológico (75,2), Relações sociais (76,5), Ambiental (58,7). Houve correlação positiva entre ICT e os domínios físico, psicológico e ambiental. Houve associação significante entre as variáveis presença de dor nos últimos seis meses com os domínios físico e ambiental; presença de dor na última semana com o domínio físico; percepção de estresse e estado de saúde comparada as pessoas da mesma idade com todos os domínios; satisfação com o trabalho com os domínios psicológico e ambiental; horas de sono com domínio físico e realizar trabalho doméstico e estudar com domínio psicológico. Os resultados podem contribuir para outros estudos, para gestores do resgaste e formuladores de políticas públicas, para melhorar as condições de vida e trabalho destes trabalhadores. Este estudo integra à Linha de Pesquisa Trabalho, saúde e educação / Abstract: The work is a determining factor concerning health conditions and professionals with more demanding can have higher risk for injuries. Firefighters are exposed to extreme demands. This research aimed to evaluate work ability and quality of life of firefighters and rescue professionals; characterize their sociodemographic, health conditions, work and lifestyle; scores relate Work Ability Index (WAI) and quality of life among themselves and with sociodemographic characteristics, health status, work and lifestyle; identify variables that affect the work ability and quality of life. A cross-sectional descriptive study, with application of three questionnaires: 1) sociodemographic, lifestyle and health aspects, and work (QSETS); 2) WAI and 3) Questionnaire on Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF), the Portuguese version. The studed population consisted of 90 firefighters and rescue workers from Campinas. The average age was 36.4 ± 7.8 years, average weekly hours worked was 63.7 hours, 60% higher than the Brazilian CLT professionals, had high school education (43.2%), salary range between R $ 1,555 ,00 and R $ 3,172.00. It was considered their health better than others of the same age (76.1%), 31.1% had pain in the last six months and 20.2% in the last week; 82.2% reported sleeping well, 72.7% had a BMI above 25Kg/m2, 28.4% had another job, worked with rescue, on average, for 8.6 years and 78.4% declared themselves happy with their work. The WAI ranged between 18 and 49 points, averaging 41.7 and 45.5% were classified in the category great work ability. Significant differences between ICT and variables were identified in job satisfaction, stress, time working on the site, perceived health status compared with people of the same age, presence of pain in the last six months or the last week, weight and BMI . Three linear regression models were applied, with dependent "WAI score" and control the sex and age variables: Model 1 (independent variable working conditions) had results as satisfaction with work (p = 0.0043) and expo, sure to risks (p = 0.0360) R20, 17; Model 2 (lifestyle variables) and BMI (p = 0.0043) R2 0.21; and Model 3 (variables of health conditions) with perceived health status (p = 0.0073), pain last six months (p <0.0001) and stress (p0, 0001) R20, 45. The WHOQOL-BREF averages were: Physical (74.6), Psychological (75.2), social relations (76.5), Environmental (58.7). There was a positive correlation between WAI and physical, psychological and environmental domains. There was a significant association between the variables presence of pain in the last six months with the physical and environmental fields; presence of pain in the last week with the physical domain; perceived stress and health status compared with people of the same age with all areas; job satisfaction with the psychological and environmental domains; hours of sleep with the physical domain and perform household chores and study with the psychological domain. The results may contribute to other studies, the data for managers and policy makers to improve the conditions of life and work of these workers. This study integrates the research line of work, health and education / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Ciências da Saúde
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Propriedades psicométricas do Questionário de Avaliação do Desempenho no Trabalho em trabalhadores portadores de neoplasia submetidos à radioterapia / Reliabity and validity of Brazilian version of the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire evaluating workers in radiotherapyGallasch, Cristiane Helena, 1981 23 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Neusa Maria Costa Alexandre / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T00:45:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Afecções crônicas representam sério problema de saúde pública por serem importantes causas de incapacidade, absenteísmo e afastamento de trabalhadores de suas funções laborativas. Devido à possibilidade de detecção precoce e tratamentos efetivos, atualmente há mais pessoas vivendo com diversos tipos de patologias crônicas como câncer, artrite, doenças cardíacas ou neurológicas; quadros que também ocasionam limitações funcionais e alterações biopsicossociais. As pesquisas envolvendo as limitações no trabalho relacionadas ao tratamento e sobrevivência ao câncer são recentes. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as qualidades psicométricas do Questionário de Avaliação do Desempenho no Trabalho em trabalhadores com neoplasia submetidos à radioterapia, e correlacionar seu desempenho com a Escala de Karnofsky, o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho e o WHOQOLAbreviado. As propriedades psicométricas e características de permanência ou afastamento do trabalho foram estudadas em um grupo de 51 indivíduos submetidos à radioterapia em um centro especializado privado. A população saudável foi composta por 105 trabalhadores de um centro de desenvolvimento de tecnologia. Os procedimentos para avaliação das propriedades psicométricas foram realizados com sucesso, com valores que indicaram alta precisão de medida para consistência interna do instrumento (alfa de Cronbach 0,77-0,93). Na avaliação da validade de constructo por meio da abordagem dos grupos conhecidos, houve diferença significativa nos itens que avaliam demandas de produção, mental e social (p<0,05), com maiores escores apresentados pelos pacientes, apoiando a hipótese de que o trabalhador com diagnóstico de câncer recebe maior suporte multidisciplinar para o retorno ao trabalho. Na avaliação da validade de constructo por meio de abordagem convergente, observou-se que o escore total do Questionário de Avaliação do Desempenho no Trabalho apresentou correlação com os índices da Escala de Karnofsky, o que pode sugerir uma nova ferramenta para avaliação dos trabalhadores com câncer, considerando aspectos globais dos indivíduos. A versão brasileira do Questionário de Avaliação do Desempenho no Trabalho demonstrou bons resultados na avaliação das suas propriedades psicométricas, sendo considerada confiável para utilização na população brasileira de trabalhadores com diagnóstico de câncer. Este estudo está inserido na Linha de Pesquisa Trabalho, saúde e educação / Abstract: Chronic disorders represent a serious problem in public health, resulting in disabilities, absenteeism and loss of work. Nowadays, due to the possibility of early detection and effective treatments, people live and survive with various types of chronic diseases such as cancer, arthritis, heart or neurological impairments, presenting functional limitations and bio-psychosocial changes. Researches involving work limitations related to cancer treatment and survival are recent. The aim of this study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire (WRFQ-Br) in workers with cancer in radiotherapy, and compare its performance with Karnofsky Scale, the Work Ability Index and the WHOQOL-bref. Psychometric properties and characteristics of permanence or absence from work were studied in a group of 51 individuals in radiotherapy at a private specialist center. Healthy population consisted of 105 workers from a center of technology development. Procedures for assessing the psychometric properties were successfully performed with values indicated high accuracy of measurement for internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.77 to 0.93). Construct validity comparing known groups, were observed significant differences in items that assess output, mental and social demands (p <0.05), with higher scores reported by patients. The hypothesis is that worker with cancer diagnosis gets higher multidisciplinary support to return to work. Construct validity through convergent approach, it was found that the total score of the Questionnaire of Performance Evaluation at Work was correlated with the indices of the Karnofsky scale, which may suggest a new tool for evaluation of workers with cancer considering global aspects of individuals. The Brazilian version of the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire showed good results in the evaluation of its psychometric properties, and is considered reliable for use among Brazilian workers diagnosed with cancer. This study was part of the Line of Research Work, health and education / Doutorado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Doutora em Enfermagem
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