Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-04-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:55:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_fc_me_assis.pdf: 1887559 bytes, checksum: 21eb99755480352a4ac96eed6e24ee11 (MD5) / Secretaria de Estado de Educação de São Paulo / O presente trabalho está vinculado ao Grupo de Pesquisa “Leitura e Literatura na Escola”, do Departamento de Literatura da Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis (UNESP), que se consolidou a partir de diversos estudos sobre a recepção de narrativas juvenis por alunos do Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa-ação incluiu a realização de um trabalho de incentivo à leitura, promovendo o contato dos alunos com narrativas literárias, no Ensino Fundamental II (5ª a 8ª séries, ou 6º ao 9º ano), da Escola Estadual “Jardim Primavera”, da cidade de Cerqueira César. A aplicação do projeto, em parceria com professores da escola, dispôs da carga horária semanal da disciplina de Leitura e Produção de Textos do Ensino Fundamental II, durante o segundo semestre do ano de 2009. Essa parceria demandou também um programa de aperfeiçoamento da prática docente no ensino da leitura, por meio de encontros de formação. Desse modo, o projeto trazia os seguintes objetivos: estudar o papel da literatura infanto-juvenil para a efetiva formação do leitor, buscando contribuir para a superação do baixo desempenho dos alunos das escolas públicas na competência leitora; discutir sobre o aproveitamento de narrativas literárias na sala de aula, abrangendo aspectos ligados à prática docente e às metodologias de ensino da literatura; e analisar as impressões de leitura desses alunos, com base nos postulados da Estética da Recepção (Hans Robert Jauss). Após a aplicação dos projetos de leitura nas doze turmas da escola, procedeu-se a análise dos resultados quantitativos, para a seleção do corpus de análise, em função do que se verificou a possibilidade de um estudo comparativo da recepção nas três turmas de sétima série, para as quais foi oferecida para leitura... / The current work is bonded to the “Reading and Literature at School” Research Group, at the Literature Department of “Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis (UNESP)”, which consolidated itself from the several studies about the youthful narratives reception by Elementary School pupils. The action research included the performance of a work of literature incentive, promoting the contact between the pupils and the literary narratives, in Elementary School (from level 5 to 8, or 6 to 9), in “Jardim Primavera” Public School, in “Cerqueira César” city. The project application, into partnership with the teachers of the school, disposed of the weekly hours of the “Reading and Writing” subject in Elementar y School, during the second semester in 2009. This partnership also demanded an improving program of the teaching practice in reading teaching, by the means of schooling meetings. In this way, the project had the following objectives: studying the children‟s literature role to the effective reader schooling, trying to contribute to the surpassing of the pupils with poor performances in reading ability in public schools; discussing about the use of literary narratives in classroom, including aspects bonded to the teaching practice and to the methodologies of literature teaching; and analyzing these pupils‟ reading feelings, based on principles of the Reception Aesthetics (Hans Robert Jauss). After the application of the reading projects in eleven different classes of the school, it was carried out the analysis of the quantitative data results to the selection of the corpus of analysis, according to what was observed, the possibility of a comparative study of the acceptance in the three... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: João Luís Cardoso Tápias Ceccatini / Banca: Carlos Eduardo Mendes de Moraes / Banca: Thiago Alves Valente / Resumo: O presente trabalho está vinculado ao Grupo de Pesquisa "Leitura e Literatura na Escola", do Departamento de Literatura da Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis (UNESP), que se consolidou a partir de diversos estudos sobre a recepção de narrativas juvenis por alunos do Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa-ação incluiu a realização de um trabalho de incentivo à leitura, promovendo o contato dos alunos com narrativas literárias, no Ensino Fundamental II (5ª a 8ª séries, ou 6º ao 9º ano), da Escola Estadual "Jardim Primavera", da cidade de Cerqueira César. A aplicação do projeto, em parceria com professores da escola, dispôs da carga horária semanal da disciplina de Leitura e Produção de Textos do Ensino Fundamental II, durante o segundo semestre do ano de 2009. Essa parceria demandou também um programa de aperfeiçoamento da prática docente no ensino da leitura, por meio de encontros de formação. Desse modo, o projeto trazia os seguintes objetivos: estudar o papel da literatura infanto-juvenil para a efetiva formação do leitor, buscando contribuir para a superação do baixo desempenho dos alunos das escolas públicas na competência leitora; discutir sobre o aproveitamento de narrativas literárias na sala de aula, abrangendo aspectos ligados à prática docente e às metodologias de ensino da literatura; e analisar as impressões de leitura desses alunos, com base nos postulados da Estética da Recepção (Hans Robert Jauss). Após a aplicação dos projetos de leitura nas doze turmas da escola, procedeu-se a análise dos resultados quantitativos, para a seleção do corpus de análise, em função do que se verificou a possibilidade de um estudo comparativo da recepção nas três turmas de sétima série, para as quais foi oferecida para leitura... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The current work is bonded to the "Reading and Literature at School" Research Group, at the Literature Department of "Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis (UNESP)", which consolidated itself from the several studies about the youthful narratives reception by Elementary School pupils. The action research included the performance of a work of literature incentive, promoting the contact between the pupils and the literary narratives, in Elementary School (from level 5 to 8, or 6 to 9), in "Jardim Primavera" Public School, in "Cerqueira César" city. The project application, into partnership with the teachers of the school, disposed of the weekly hours of the "Reading and Writing" subject in Elementar y School, during the second semester in 2009. This partnership also demanded an improving program of the teaching practice in reading teaching, by the means of schooling meetings. In this way, the project had the following objectives: studying the children‟s literature role to the effective reader schooling, trying to contribute to the surpassing of the pupils with poor performances in reading ability in public schools; discussing about the use of literary narratives in classroom, including aspects bonded to the teaching practice and to the methodologies of literature teaching; and analyzing these pupils‟ reading feelings, based on principles of the Reception Aesthetics (Hans Robert Jauss). After the application of the reading projects in eleven different classes of the school, it was carried out the analysis of the quantitative data results to the selection of the corpus of analysis, according to what was observed, the possibility of a comparative study of the acceptance in the three... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Ana Luiza Silva Camarani / Banca: José Nicolau Gregorin Filho / Banca: Maria Augusta Hermengarda Wurthmann Ribeiro / Resumo: Esta Dissertação de Mestrado tem por objetivo apontar a importância e a abrangência da intertextualidade na obra Reinações de Narizinho, de Monteiro Lobato. Buscou-se esboçar os resultados de um enfoque primordialmente literário sobre a obra sem, contudo, desprezar a vocação pedagógica intrínseca da literatura infantil. Para chegar à intertextualidade, foi necessário, num primeiro momento, discorrer sobre Lobato e sobre as características da literatura infantil, bem como sobre a questão pedagógico-literária que esse gênero suscita. Depois, buscou-se colocar a forma pela qual se deu o surgimento da obra em estudo, apontando para o seu ineditismo e para a revolução que provocou, em termos literários e sócio-culturais brasileiros. Buscou-se a conceituação do maravilhoso e, a partir dela, a caracterização do maravilhoso lobatiano, entremeado com a realidade rural paulista de sua época, maravilhoso do conto artístico, de acordo com a definição de Zipes (1999, p. 18), que assume e desenvolve a narrativa em Reinações de Narizinho, assim como também se desenrola na narrativa. A utilização do maravilhoso do conto artístico é primordial para instituir e justificar a intertextualidade que traz, para dentro da obra lobatiana, desde as raízes e de grande parte do percurso da humanidade, a mitologia, a oralidade e o folclore, a filosofia, a literatura, diferentes tradições, valores e possibilidades culturais e os avanços da ciência e da tecnologia. O ciclo sucessivo que faz girar o real, o maravilhoso e o intertextual forma um amálgama que possibilita a união de tempos e espaços diversos da humanidade, reais e maravilhosos, e termina por remeter personagens e leitores de volta à realidade: à oralidade, ao livro, às histórias em quadrinhos, ao cinema e à televisão. / Abstract: The objective of this Master's Degree Dissertation is to indicate the importance and the reach of intertextuality in Reinações de Narizinho (Little Nose's Pranks), from the Brazilian writer Monteiro Lobato. We have attempted to outline the results of a mainly literary focus over the work, however without ignoring the intrinsic pedagogic vocation of Children's Literature. To reach intertextextuality it was necessary, in a first moment, to consider both Lobato and the characteristics of Children's Literature as well as the pedagogic-literary query raised by this peculiar genre of literature. Afterwords the attempt has turned into the way the literary work in study has arised, pointing to its originality and to the revolution it has caused in Brazilian literature, culture and society. We have searched, then, for the concept of wonder and, from that, for the characterization of Lobato's wonder, intermixed with his times' São Paulo's rural reality. Taking Zipes' definition of art tale (1999, p. 18), Lobato's wonder can be named wonder from art tale. This sort of wonder assumes and develops the narrative in Reinações de Narizinho, as well as it is uncoiled inside the narrative. Its use is fundamental to establish and ground intertextuality, which brings along with it, from the roots and from great part of humanity courses mithology, orality and folklore, philosophy, literature, different traditions and values, cultural possibilities and the advances of science and tecnology into the literary work. A successive cicle makes spin the real, the wonder and the intertextual and creates an amalgam which makes possible the fusion of different humanity times and spaces, real and wonder ones. It ends up by sending characters and readers back to reality: to orality, to the books, to cartoons, to the movies and to TV. / Mestre

This dissertation, which examines the literary representation of childhood trauma, is held together by three threads of inquiry. Firstly, I examine the stylistic devices through which three contemporary African writers – NoViolet Bulawayo, Uwem Akpan, and Mia Couto – engage with the subject of childhood trauma in five of their short stories: “Hitting Budapest”; “My Parents’ Bedroom” and “Fattening for Gabon”; and “The Day Mabata-bata Exploded” and “The Bird-Dreaming Baobab,” respectively. In each of these narratives, the use of ingén(u)s in the form of child narrators and/or focalisers instantiates a degree of structural irony, premised on the cognitive discrepancy between the protagonists’ perceptions and those of the implied reader. This structural irony then serves to underscore the reality that, though in a general sense the precise nature of traumatic experience cannot be directly communicated in language, this is exacerbated in the case of children, because children’s physical and psychological frameworks are underdeveloped. Consequently, children’s exposure to trauma and atrocity results in disruptions of both personal and communal notions of safety and security which are even more severe than those experienced by adults. Secondly, I analyse the political, cultural and economic factors which give rise to the traumatic incidents depicted in the stories, and the child characters’ interpretations and responses to these exigencies. Notions of subjectivity and intersubjectivity, identity and community, victimhood and survival, agency and disempowerment are discussed here in relation to the context of postcolonial Africa and the contemporary realities of chronic poverty, genocide, child-trafficking, the aftermath of civil war, and the legacies of colonialism and racism. Thirdly, this dissertation inspects the areas of congruence and divergence between trauma theory, literary scholarship on trauma narratives, and literary attempts to represent atrocity and trauma despite what is widely held to be the inadequacy of language – and therefore representation – to this task. There are certain differences between the three authors’ depictions of children’s experiences of trauma, despite the fact that the texts all grapple with the aporetic nature of trauma and the paradox of representing the unrepresentable. To this end, they utilise various strategies – temporal disjunctions and fragmentations, silences and lacunae, elements of the fantastical and surreal, magical realism, and instances of abjection and dissociation – to gesture towards the inexpressible, or that which is incommensurable with language. I argue that, ultimately, it is the endings of these stories which suggest the unrepresentable nature of trauma. Traumatic experience poses a challenge to representational conventions and, in its resistance, encourages a realisation that new ways of writing and speaking about trauma in the African continent, particularly with regards to children, are needed.

This dissertation, which examines the literary representation of childhood trauma, is held together by three threads of inquiry. Firstly, I examine the stylistic devices through which three contemporary African writers – NoViolet Bulawayo, Uwem Akpan, and Mia Couto – engage with the subject of childhood trauma in five of their short stories: “Hitting Budapest”; “My Parents’ Bedroom” and “Fattening for Gabon”; and “The Day Mabata-bata Exploded” and “The Bird-Dreaming Baobab,” respectively. In each of these narratives, the use of ingén(u)s in the form of child narrators and/or focalisers instantiates a degree of structural irony, premised on the cognitive discrepancy between the protagonists’ perceptions and those of the implied reader. This structural irony then serves to underscore the reality that, though in a general sense the precise nature of traumatic experience cannot be directly communicated in language, this is exacerbated in the case of children, because children’s physical and psychological frameworks are underdeveloped. Consequently, children’s exposure to trauma and atrocity results in disruptions of both personal and communal notions of safety and security which are even more severe than those experienced by adults. Secondly, I analyse the political, cultural and economic factors which give rise to the traumatic incidents depicted in the stories, and the child characters’ interpretations and responses to these exigencies. Notions of subjectivity and intersubjectivity, identity and community, victimhood and survival, agency and disempowerment are discussed here in relation to the context of postcolonial Africa and the contemporary realities of chronic poverty, genocide, child-trafficking, the aftermath of civil war, and the legacies of colonialism and racism. Thirdly, this dissertation inspects the areas of congruence and divergence between trauma theory, literary scholarship on trauma narratives, and literary attempts to represent atrocity and trauma despite what is widely held to be the inadequacy of language – and therefore representation – to this task. There are certain differences between the three authors’ depictions of children’s experiences of trauma, despite the fact that the texts all grapple with the aporetic nature of trauma and the paradox of representing the unrepresentable. To this end, they utilise various strategies – temporal disjunctions and fragmentations, silences and lacunae, elements of the fantastical and surreal, magical realism, and instances of abjection and dissociation – to gesture towards the inexpressible, or that which is incommensurable with language. I argue that, ultimately, it is the endings of these stories which suggest the unrepresentable nature of trauma. Traumatic experience poses a challenge to representational conventions and, in its resistance, encourages a realisation that new ways of writing and speaking about trauma in the African continent, particularly with regards to children, are needed. / Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in

There is a consensus among scholars that very few English teachers use children's literature in their language teaching. In other words, children´s literature is not used to the same extent as in the Swedish subject. The overall purpose of this study to examine is to study teachers' attitude towards, and to the use of children's literature in their teaching and if their intrinsic and extrinsic motivation influences particularly their teaching possibilities and limitations of children's literature. Three teachers within the English education, grades 4-6, participated in semi-structured interviews. The collected empirical material from the interviews was analyzed by a phenomenographic analytical model. The results show that the limited use of children's literature is not due to the teacher’s motivation. Instead, the actual teaching conditions in the school environment limit the use children's literature in the English subject. In addition, the study implies that there is a need for competence development of children's literature and relevant teaching methods.

The purpose of this paper is to examine how gender and equality is represented in children's books and how educators from a didactic perspective can work with children's literature as part of their work with value-based issues. The books used for this paper is Alfons och Milla (1985) written by Gunilla Bergström and Kalle med klänning (2008) written by Anette Skåhlberg. These books were written during different decades and both the gender and ecuality aspect is presented differently. This might be explained by the values and what was normal during the times that they were written. Kalle med klänning (2008) is challenging the normal thoughts about gender. The book Alfons och Milla (1985) presents that boys and girls are different in the sense that they do and act differently. After analyzing both these books the conclusion is that Kalle med klänning (2008) is more suitable from a didactical perspective although Alfons och Milla (1985) can also be used in a didactic purpose. Both books gives us a good ground to discuss what is typically male and what is typically female although they illustrate gender differently. Methods to enlight these questions may be to read out loud and/or have a discussion about the books to get a deeper understanding regarding gender, equality and common principles. / Arbetets syfte är att undersöka hur aspekten genus och jämställdhet ter sig i bilderböcker och hur pedagoger ur ett didaktiskt perspektiv kan arbeta med barnlitteratur i arbetet med värdegrundsfrågor. De böcker som har utgjort grunden för denna litteraturanalys heter Alfons och Milla (1985), av Gunilla Bergström samt Kalle med klänning (2008), av Anette Skåhlberg. Böckerna är skriva under olika årtionden och genus och jämställdhetsaspekten synliggörs på olika sätt i de båda böckerna. Vilket kan ha sin förklaring i vilka värden och normer som präglade samhället förtillfället då böckerna skrevs. I Kalle med klänning (2008) är det tydligt vad författaren vill förmedla då det är en modern saga som bryter normer vilket vi både kan se och läsa i boken. I Alfons och Milla (1985) framställs det att det är skillnad mellan pojkar respektive flickor och det finns beteende som förknippas med respektive kön. Båda böckerna kan användas i arbetet med värdegrunden då aspekten genus och jämställdhet präglar böckerna dock framställs det på olika sätt. Metoderna högläsning och boksamtal är två metoder som lämpar sig i arbetet. Dock så har inte detta prövats i praktiken utan endast i teorin.

This paper explores the role of children and childhood in Nathaniel Hawthorne's fiction. Moreover, it asserts that the child and childhood are keys to a better understanding of Hawthorne's fiction.

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