Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-06-13T18:48:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Roberta Barra Pimentel L?.pdf: 5557721 bytes, checksum: 0a83e0d9ad9907f3e3e7ea242283b4b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-13T18:48:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Roberta Barra Pimentel L?.pdf: 5557721 bytes, checksum: 0a83e0d9ad9907f3e3e7ea242283b4b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-01 / This work is an integral part of the research carried out under the Postgraduate Program in Science and Mathematics Education (PPGEduCIMAT) of UFRRJ and it aims to understand the elements that underpinned the emergence, viability and maintenance of the degree course in Science (CEDERJ) in the period from 2002 to 2015. In this sense, the understanding of the legal aspects and the speeches held in the academic community was central to the reflection regarding the appearance of this course in the year of 2002, indicating other possibilities for teacher education in Biological Sciences. In addition, placing EaD as a public politic and immersing in this field of analysis, the curriculum, led us to understand the asymmetric disputes of power, the disputes represented not only in the constitution of a teacher training course, but also in the field that it constitutes and legitimizes it. A qualitative research based on the curricula social historical studies - educational politics and historiography, specifically ?New History?. Written documents (matrices, curriculum syllabus, pedagogical projects, among others), and oral interviews (with different actors of the Biology Course of the CEDERJ consortium) were analyzed and were identified the elements that supported the emergence, the viability and the maintenance of the course. I was done based on the continuous dialogue between its decision-makers and articulators to build a curriculum proposal of a consortium profile, they were mobilized by the different universities that composed the CEDERJ consortium. During this study, conceptual maps were constructed. The reasoning for its use were supported in the characterization of MC as a methodology that helps in the understanding of a curricular proposal based on a consortium system, supported by articulated universities. In this way, the MC allowed the understanding of this articulation as a new way of perceiving the asymmetric relations of power. Thus, its contribution allowed this research to transit through a mesoanalytical scale in the construction of this work. In this research, one of the elements that underpinned this EaD project for teacher training was its social political context marked by partnerships and political leaderships, as well as the participation of people who occupied strategic positions, for moving now in the academic environment of the consortium universities, now in the political space of influences and decisions. This fact was important in a moment that the project of EaD did not echo in the speeches of the academics of the state of Rio de Janeiro. With respect to the curriculum proposal for the course in question it was identified that curricular changes between the generating matrix and its resulting matrix in the year of 2013, which extended the performance of the egress of the course, previously a teaching graduate, as of the resolution of the Federal Council of Biology. Now, the graduate can act in the area of Environment - thus changing the profile of the egress. It is worth highlighting of the students, the protagonists who pressed the institution for such a change. Thus, although the discourse of the articulators of the course tries to be away from the baccalaureate, avoiding to relate it to the disputes between teacher training and baccalaureate, the pressure of the graduates and the change of the profile of this approach the course of these debates. / Este trabalho ? parte integrante da pesquisa realizada no ?mbito do programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Educa??o em Ci?ncias e Matem?tica (PPGEduCIMAT) da UFRRJ e tem como objetivo compreender os elementos que sustentaram o surgimento, a viabilidade e a manuten??o do curso de Licenciatura em Ci?ncias Biol?gicas do Centro de Educa??o Superior a Dist?ncia do Rio de Janeiro (CEDERJ) no per?odo de 2002 a 2015. Neste sentido, a compreens?o dos aspectos legais e os discursos travados na comunidade acad?mica foi central na reflex?o a respeito do surgimento deste curso no ano de 2002, indicando possibilidades outras para a forma??o docente em Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Al?m disso, situar a EaD como pol?tica p?blica curricular e mergulhar neste campo de an?lise, o curr?culo, levou-nos a compreender as disputas assim?tricas de poder, as disputas representadas n?o s? na constitui??o de um curso de forma??o de professores, como no campo que o constitui e o legitima. Deste modo, a pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, orientada a partir dos referenciais dos estudos s?cios-hist?ricos do curr?culo, das pol?ticas educacionais e curriculares, e da historiografia, especificamente da Nova Hist?ria, analisou documentos escritos (matrizes, ementas curriculares, projetos pedag?gicos, entre outros) e entrevistas (com diferentes atores do curso de Biologia do cons?rcio CEDERJ), e identificou que os elementos que sustentaram o surgimento, a viabilidade e a manuten??o do curso, se deram a partir do di?logo cont?nuo entre seus decisores e articuladores para constru??o de uma proposta curricular de perfil consorciado, isto ?, mobilizada pelas diferentes universidades que comp?em o cons?rcio CEDERJ. Durante este estudo, foram constru?dos mapas conceituais (MC). A argumenta??o para sua utiliza??o foi sustentada na caracteriza??o dos MC como metodologia que ajuda na compreens?o de uma proposta curricular alicer?ada por um sistema consorciado, sustentado por universidades articuladas. Deste modo, o MC permitiu a compreens?o dessa articula??o como uma nova maneira de perceber as rela??es assim?tricas de poder. Sendo assim, sua contribui??o permitiu esta pesquisa transitar atrav?s de uma escala mesoanal?tica na constru??o deste trabalho. Nessa pesquisa um dos elementos que sustentou esse projeto de EaD para forma??o de professores, foi seu contexto pol?tico social marcado por parcerias e lideran?as pol?ticas, bem como a participa??o de pessoas que ocupavam posi??es estrat?gicas, por transitarem ora no ambiente acad?mico das universidades consorciadas, ora no espa?o pol?tico de influ?ncias e decis?es. Este fato foi importante em um momento que o projeto de EaD n?o apresentava eco nos discursos dos acad?micos do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Com rela??o ? proposta curricular do curso em quest?o, foi identificada altera??es curriculares entre a matriz inicial (2002) e sua matriz de 2013, que ampliou a atua??o do egresso do curso ?a partir da resolu??o do Conselho Federal de Biologia, agora o diplomado, pode atuar na ?rea de Meio Ambiente, al?m de atuar como docente ? modificando assim o perfil do egresso. Cabe destacar os discentes, os protagonistas que pressionaram a institui??o para tal mudan?a. Deste modo, apesar do discurso dos articuladores do curso procurar estar afastado do bacharelado, evitando estar relacionado com as disputas entre licenciatura e bacharelado, a press?o dos egressos e a mudan?a do perfil destes aproximam o curso destes debates.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-21T13:55:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Joaquim Neto de Sousa Santos.pdf: 1864983 bytes, checksum: e70ed9f5ee68c8f365819e496dbb0176 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T13:55:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Joaquim Neto de Sousa Santos.pdf: 1864983 bytes, checksum: e70ed9f5ee68c8f365819e496dbb0176 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-21 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico, CNPq, Brasil. / Morphodynamism, extratification and seasonality are among the main factor to influence the composition and abundance of the macroinfauna in sandy beaches. The macroinfauna of two sandy beaches were sampled between winter-2005 and summer-2006 during low tide; one beach was protected (Flamengo beach) located in Guanabara bay, and the other was exposed to waves in the oceanic zone (Grumari beach). The hypothesis that the physical characteristics of the beaches determine the difference in composition and relative abundance of the macroinfauna was tested. Flamengo beach was characterized as dissipative and had comparatively higher t?xon richenes and lower biomass, when compared with Grumari beach that was classsified as reflective. In Flamengo beaches, higher abundance was recordded for Enoploides sp, and Emerita brasiliensis, whereas in Grumari beach Sacocirrus sp and E. brasiliensis were the most abundant taxons. The beaches showed highe dissimilarity in composition and relative abundance of the taxons (91.75%). Sacocirrus sp, Enoploides sp, Dispio uncinata, Scolelepis goodbobyi and E. brasiliensis explained 63.70% of the dissimilarity between the two beaches. In both beaches, we observed extratification in occurence and abundance of the macroinfauna in two seasons. Emerita brasiliensis occurred mainly in Grumary beach in the extrate 1 and Sacocirrus sp in extrate 2, while in Flamengo beach E. brasiliensis and Enoploides sp had the highest abundance in extrate 1 and S. goodbody and D. uncinata in extrate 3. The hypothesis that the macrofauna differs among extrate and beaches was accepted and the differences in composition and relative abundance of the macroinfauna were attributed to morphodynamism, althought other environmental factores can be influencing such differences. / O morfodinamismo, estratifica??o e a sazonalidade s?o os fatores mais importantes na determina??o da composi??o e abund?ncia da macroinfauna em praias arenosas. A macroinfauna de duas praias foi amostrada no inverno/2005 e ver?o/2006 durante a mar? baixa, sendo uma praia protegida (Flamengo) localizada na ba?a de Guanabara, e outra praia exposta localizada na zona oce?nica (Grumari). Foi testada a hip?tese que as caracter?sticas f?sicas das praias determinam diferen?as na composi??o e abund?ncia da macroinfauna. A praia do Flamengo foi caracterizada como dissipativa e apresentou maior riqueza de t?xons, e menor biomassa, quando comparada com a praia de Grumari classificada como refletiva. Na praia do Flamengo as maiores abund?ncias foram registradas para Enoploides sp, e Emerita brasiliensis, enquanto em Grumari foram Sacocirrus sp e E. brasiliensis. As praias apresentaram elevada dissimilaridade na composi??o e abund?ncia relativa dos t?xons (91.75%), Sacocirrus sp, Enoploides sp, Dispio uncinata, Scolelepis goodbobyi e E. brasiliensis explicaram 63.70% das diferen?as entre as praias. Em ambas as praias foram observadas estratifica??es na ocorr?ncia e abund?ncia da macroinfauna nas duas esta??es analisadas. Na praia de Grumari, E. brasiliensis ocorreu principalmente no estrato 1 e Sacocirrus sp no estrato 2, enquanto na praia do Flamengo E. brasiliensis e Enoploides sp apresentaram as maiores abund?ncias no estrato 1 e S. goodbodyi e D. uncinata no estrato 3. A hip?tese da varia??o na composi??o da macroinfauna entre os extratos foi aceita, e as diferen?as observadas na composi??o e abund?ncia da macroinfauna foram atribu?das ao morfodinamismo; no entanto, outros fatores ambientais podem estar relacionados com tais diferen?as.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-24T15:13:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Enely Maris da Silveira Firmiano.pdf: 12307016 bytes, checksum: d58bee7e5ddc0113fa072ab4e9aabc29 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-24T15:13:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Enely Maris da Silveira Firmiano.pdf: 12307016 bytes, checksum: d58bee7e5ddc0113fa072ab4e9aabc29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Cap. I The aim of the current study is to investigate the histological and histochemical description, as well as the presence and immunohistochemical distribution of cytoskeleton proteins such as alpha smooth muscle actin, desmin and vimentin in the ovaries, testes and epididymis of Enyalius bilineatus, Enyalius perditus and Urostrophus vautieri. These species are representatives of family Leiosauridae, in order to help developing a database on the reproductive biology of these lizards, which could be compared to that of other reptile species and vertebrates. The herein studied specimens are deposited in the Herpetological Collection of Federal University of Juiz de Fora. The animals? ovaries, epididymis and testes were removed and sent to the Histology and Embryology Laboratory (UFRRJ), where they were fixed, processed and then subjected to histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. The ovaries of these leiosauridae are functionally-active paired organs filled with ovarian follicles at different follicular development stages. These organs are covered by a simple cubic epithelium, which presents an underlying connective tissue layer called tunica albuginea. The testes are covered by the tunica albuginea and hold septa forming lobes where the seminiferous tubules are located in. The epididymis of these lizards are convolute ducts internally coated by an epithelium, whose shape ranges from simple cylindrical to simple cubic with stereocilia. The immunohistochemical analysis applied to the ovaries of the herein studied lizards showed moderate to strong reaction to the alpha smooth muscle actin in the teak layer and in endothelial cells of blood vessels. With respect to the species? testes, this cytoskeleton protein showed strong reaction in the tunica albuginea, interstitial tissue, and in endothelial cells of blood vessels. As for the epididymis, the alpha-actin showed immunohistochemical reaction in the capsule and in the interstitial tissue of the lizards. The antibody ?desmin? showed strong immunostaining in the albuginea and ovarian stroma of E. perditus, only; however, the endothelial cells in the blood vessels of the three herein analyzed species showed positive reaction to this intermediate filament. Desmin showed immunoreactivity in the testicular albuginea and in the endothelial cells of the blood vessels in the herein analyzed leiosauridae testes; however, only E. bilineatus showed immunostaining in the interstitial region. Desmin showed positive immunoreaction in the epididymis of E. perditus and E. bilineatus, only. Vimentin did not show immunostaining in the ovaries, testes and epididymis of the three analyzed lizards. The consistent results found in the current study provide additional data on the reproductive biology of the investigated species. These data may be used for phylogenetic and behavioral comparisons between the herein studied species and other species belonging to family Leiosauridae or other reptiles Cap. II The aim of the current study is to investigate the histological description, as well as the presence and immunohistochemical distribution of alpha smooth muscle actin, desmin and vimentin in the testes and epididymis of Enyalius bilineatus, Enyalius perditus and Urostrophus vautieri, which are representatives of family Leiosauridae, in order to help developing a database on the reproductive biology of these lizards, which could be compared to that of other reptile species and vertebrates. The herein studied specimens are deposited in the Herpetological Collection of Federal University of Juiz de Fora. The animals? epididymis and testes were removed and sent to the Histology and Embryology Laboratory (UFRRJ), where they were fixed, processed and then subjected to histological and immunohistochemical techniques. The shape of the testes varies reasonably among the studied leiosauridae. These organs are covered by the tunica albuginea and hold septa forming lobes, where the seminiferous tubules are located in. The epididymis of these lizards are convolute ducts internally coated by an epithelium, whose shape ranges from simple cylindrical to simple cubic with stereocilia. The immunohistochemical analysis applied to the testes of the herein studied lizards showed strong positive reaction to the alpha smooth muscle actin in the tunica albuginea, interstitial tissue, and in endothelial cells of blood vessels. Desmin showed strong immunoreactivity in the testicular albuginea of E. bilineatus and moderate immunoreactivity in E. perditus and U. vautieri; however, only E. bilineatus showed immunostaining in the interstitial tissue region. The endothelial cells of blood vessels showed positive immunoreaction to desmin in the three herein analyzed species. The epididymis showed moderate immunohistochemical reaction to alpha smooth muscle actin in the capsule and in the interstitial tissue, whereas desmin showed positive immunoreaction in the epididymis of E. perditus and E. bilineatus, only. Vimentin did not show immunostaining in the testes and epididymis of the three analyzed lizards. The consistent results found in the current study provide additional data on the reproductive biology of the investigated species. These data may be used for phylogenetic and behavioral comparisons between the herein studied species and other species belonging to family Leiosauridae or other reptiles. / Cap. I Este trabalho investiga, al?m da descri??o histol?gica e histoqu?mica, a presen?a e distribui??o imuno-histoqu?mica de alfa-actina de m?sculo liso, desmina e vimentina nos ov?rios, test?culos e epid?dimos de Enyalius bilineatus, Enyalius perditus e Urostrophus vautieri, representantes da fam?lia Leiosauridae, para ajudar a formar uma base de dados sobre a biologia reprodutiva destes lagartos que possam ser comparados com outras esp?cies de r?pteis, bem como com outros vertebrados. Os esp?cimes estudados encontram-se depositados na Cole??o Herpetol?gica da UFJF. Os ov?rios, epid?dimos e test?culos dos animais foram removidos e encaminhados ao Laborat?rio de Histologia e Embriologia (UFRRJ), onde foram fixados, processados e ent?o submetidos ?s t?cnicas histol?gicas, histoqu?micas e imuno-histoqu?micas. Os ov?rios destes leiosaur?deos s?o ?rg?os pareados, repletos de fol?culos ovarianos, em distintos est?gios de desenvolvimento folicular. Estes s?o revestidos por epit?lio c?bico simples, com uma camada de tecido conjuntivo subjacente, a t?nica albug?nea. Os test?culos encontram-se envolvidos pela t?nica albug?nea e em seu interior cont?m septos que formam l?bulos, nos quais se localizam os t?bulos semin?feros. Os epid?dimos destes lagartos s?o ductos convolutos, revestidos internamente por um epit?lio que varia de cil?ndrico simples a c?bico simples com estereoc?lios. A imuno-histoqu?mica, nos ov?rios dos lagartos estudados, mostra uma rea??o moderada a acentuada para alfa-actina de m?sculo liso na camada da teca e em c?lulas endoteliais dos vasos sangu?neos, enquanto nos test?culos destas esp?cies nota-se uma acentuada rea??o para esta prote?na do citoesqueleto, na t?nica albug?nea, no tecido intersticial e nas c?lulas endoteliais dos vasos sangu?neos. Nos epid?dimos observa-se imunomarca??o para alfa-actina na c?psula e no tecido intersticial destes lagartos. Quanto ao anticorpo desmina, apenas em E. perditus, foi poss?vel imunorrea??o na albug?nea e no estroma ovariano, no entanto, nas tr?s esp?cies analisadas, as c?lulas endoteliais dos vasos sangu?neos demonstraram rea??o positiva a este filamento intermedi?rio. Nos test?culos dos leiosaur?deos estudados, a desmina foi imunolocalizada na albug?nea testicular e nas c?lulas endoteliais dos vasos sangu?neos, entretanto, apenas em E. bilineatus ocorreu imunomarca??o, na regi?o do interst?cio. Nos epid?dimos, a desmina demonstrou imunorrea??o positiva apenas em E. perditus e E. bilineatus. N?o houve rea??o imuno-histoqu?mica para vimentina nos ov?rios, test?culos e epid?dimos dos tr?s lagartos analisados. Este estudo obteve resultados consistentes, fornecendo assim mais dados sobre a biologia reprodutiva das esp?cies aqui investigadas, que poder?o ser utilizados para compara??es filogen?ticas e comportamentais com outras esp?cies da fam?lia Leiosauridae e outros r?pteis. Cap. II Este trabalho investiga, al?m da descri??o histol?gica, a presen?a e distribui??o imuno-histoqu?mica de alfa-actina de m?sculo liso, desmina e vimentina nos test?culos e epid?dimos de Enyalius bilineatus, Enyalius perditus e Urostrophus vautieri, representantes da fam?lia Leiosauridae, para ajudar a formar uma base de dados sobre a biologia reprodutiva destes lagartos que possam ser comparados com outras esp?cies de r?pteis, bem como com outros vertebrados. Os esp?cimes estudados encontram-se depositados na Cole??o Herpetol?gica da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Os epid?dimos e test?culos dos animais foram removidos e encaminhados ao Laborat?rio de Histologia e Embriologia (UFRRJ), onde foram fixados, processados e ent?o submetidos ?s t?cnicas histol?gicas e imuno-histoqu?micas. O formato dos test?culos varia razoavelmente entre os leiosaur?deos estudados. Estes ?rg?os encontram-se envoltos pela t?nica albug?nea e no seu interior cont?m septos que formam l?bulos incompletos, nos quais se localizam os t?bulos semin?feros. Os epid?dimos destes lagartos s?o ductos convolutos. Estes ductos s?o revestidos internamente por um epit?lio que varia de cil?ndrico simples a c?bico simples com estereoc?lios. A imuno-histoqu?mica revela uma acentuada rea??o positiva para alfa-actina de m?sculo liso nos test?culos dos leiosaur?deos analisados, na t?nica albug?nea e no tecido intersticial, assim como, nas c?lulas endoteliais dos vasos sangu?neos. A desmina apresentou acentuada imunorreatividade na albug?nea testicular em E. bilineatus e moderada em E. perditus e U. vautieri, entretanto, na regi?o do tecido intersticial, apenas em E. bilineatus ocorreu imunomarca??o. Nas tr?s esp?cies analisadas, as c?lulas endoteliais dos vasos sangu?neos demostraram imunorrea??o positiva para desmina. Nos epid?dimos observou-se rea??o imuno-histoqu?mica moderada para alfa-actina de m?sculo liso na c?psula e no tecido intersticial, enquanto a desmina demonstrou imunorrea??o positiva apenas em E. perditus e E. bilineatus. N?o houve imunomarca??o para vimentina nos test?culos e epid?dimos dos tr?s lagartos analisados. Este estudo obteve resultados consistentes, fornecendo assim mais dados sobre a biologia reprodutiva das esp?cies aqui investigadas, que poder?o ser utilizados para compara??es filogen?ticas e comportamentais com outras esp?cies da fam?lia Leiosauridae e outros r?pteis.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-10-02T13:28:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Leonardo Mitrano Neves.pdf: 2710150 bytes, checksum: e76a622435676fcc3b2281358ce93865 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-02T13:28:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Leonardo Mitrano Neves.pdf: 2710150 bytes, checksum: e76a622435676fcc3b2281358ce93865 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPQ / Rocky reef fish assemblages change along extreme environmental conditions gradients; both spatial (across gradients of distance from the river mouths) and short term temporal (diel cycle of light intensity). Moreover, changes in connection to habitat heterogeneity can occur, even for tropical rocky reefs with a more homogenous habitat structure. Knowledge of the way that fish assemblages respond to these changes is fundamental to identify the variables that determine spatial patterns and to predict how impacts in great or low intensity can affect diversity. The main aims of this study were: (1) to determine influence of physical (distance from river mouth and wave exposure), biological (benthic cover) and structural (substratum height and number of shelters) variables in structuring fish assemblages, species richness, abundance, biomass and trophic groups diversity; (2) to assess diel changes in composition and structure of fish assemblages; (3) to relate changes in species composition (beta diversity) with habitat heterogeneity for a small scale (among transects in a given area), and the relationship between beta and alfa diversity (species richness, richness estimation and Shannon diversity). Subaquatic visual census were carried out in Ilha Grande coastal reefs, encompassing (1) islands distributed along a spatial gradient of distance from river mouth; (2) six different time periods, i.e., sunrise (06:00h), morning (08:30h), afternoon (14:00h), sunset (17:30h), early night (19:30h) and night (21:00h) in two shallow coastal reef; and (3) in transect in four areas to assess beta biodiversity. Habitat structure (benthic cover and topographic complexity) assessment was performed (objectives 1 and 3). The distance from river mouth explained from 12.4% to 38.2% of the estimated components of variation (ECV) of PERMANOVA for all analyzed response variables, playing a major role in determining spatial patterns of fish assemblages. Differences between reefs close and far from river mouth reached a maximum of 4.5x for richness, 11x for biomass and 10x for abundance. The substrate height was positively related to fish abundance, species richness and trophic groups diversity (ECV between 7.3 % and 17.4%), whereas the number of shelters was positively associated to small-sized species abundance such as Stegastes fuscus, Emblemariopsis signifer and Scartella cristata. Benthic cover had significant influence to determine spatial pattern in fish assemblage structure and diversity of trophic groups (ECV = 8% and 10%, respectively), but not in species richness, biomass and fish abundance. Wave exposure had significant influence on fish assemblage structure only (ECV = 10%). The fish assemblage changes drastically along diel cycle. Species richness and fish abundance were at the highest during the period of the day with intermediary values at twilight periods, and at the lowest during the night. The highest difference in assemblage structure was found between the periods of the day and the night. The families Sciaenidae, mainly represented by Pareques acuminatus, and Pempheridae represented by Pempheris schomburgkii were more abundant during the night, whereas Haemulidae Haemulon steindachneri, Pomacentridae Abudefduf saxatilis, Chaetodondidae Chaetodon striatus, and Labrisomidae Malacoctenus delalandii were more abundant during the day. The twilight periods were similar in assemblage structure, and had as characteristics species of the day (H. steindachneri, M. acutirostris) and the night (P. acuminatus), reflecting a transitional period. Significant positive relationship was detected between habitat heterogeneity and beta diversity. The area with more ix homogeneous habitat and low variation in fish assemblage was dominated by little threedimensionally complex organisms (zoanthids), while areas that had fleshy algae, turf and zoanthids with a more even percentage cover had higher heterogeneity and beta diversity. For all measures of examined alfa diversity, the area with more heterogeneous habitat and with the highest beta diversity had the highest alfa diversity compared with areas with more homogenous habitat e lowest beta diversity. However, positive relationship between alfa and beta diversity was significant for species richness, but not for estimate of richness and Shannon index. This study demonstrated that changes in assemblages in spatial and short term (from transects to 10 km, and diel cycle) scales may be attributed to changes in local habitat structure, both composition of dominant benthic organisms and habitat heterogeneity and can be associated to behavioral characteristics mainly related to strategies of food acquirement and protection against predation / As assembleias de peixes recifais variam atrav?s de gradientes de mudan?as extremas nas condi??es ambientais, tanto espaciais (ao longo de gradientes de dist?ncia da foz de rios) quanto em escalas temporais curtas (ao longo do ciclo di?rio de intensidade luminosa). Al?m disto, varia??es em resposta ao n?vel de heterogeneidade do habitat tamb?m podem ocorrer, mesmo entre recifes rochosos situados fora de intensos gradientes ambientais. Entender como as assembleias de peixes respondem a tais mudan?as ? fundamental para identificar vari?veis determinantes dos padr?es espaciais e predizer como impactos de grande e pequena intensidade podem afetar os padr?es de diversidade. Os principais objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) determinar a influ?ncia de vari?veis f?sicas (dist?ncia da foz do rio e exposi??o a ondas), biol?gicas (cobertura b?ntica) e estruturais (altura do substrato e n?mero de ref?gios) na estrutura??o das assembleias de peixes, riqueza de esp?cies, abund?ncia, biomassa e diversidade dos grupos tr?ficos; (2) avaliar as mudan?as ao longo do ciclo di?rio na composi??o e estrutura da assembleia de peixes recifais; (3) relacionar a varia??o na composi??o de esp?cies (beta diversidade) com a heterogeneidade do habitat, para uma pequena escala (entre transectos de uma mesma ?rea), e as rela??es entre a beta diversidade e medidas de diversidade alfa (riqueza de esp?cies, estimativa da riqueza e diversidade de Shannon). Para tal, censos visuais subaqu?ticos foram realizados (1) em cost?es rochosos da ba?a da Ilha Grande, em ilhas localizadas atrav?s de um gradiente de dist?ncia da foz de rios; (2) em seis diferentes hor?rios, compreendendo o amanhecer (06:00h), manh? (08:30h), tarde (14:00h), anoitecer (17:30h) e in?cio da noite (19:30h) e noite (21:00h) em dois recifes rochosos rasos; e (3) em transectos de quatro ?reas para avaliar diversidade beta. Avalia??es da estrutura do habitat (cobertura b?ntica e complexidade topogr?fica) foram realizadas (para objetivos 1 e 3). A dist?ncia da foz do rio explicou entre 12,4% a 38,2% da estimativa dos componentes de varia??o (ECV) da PERMANOVA de todas as vari?veis respostas analisadas, desempenhando um papel principal nos padr?es espaciais da assembleia de peixes. Diferen?as entre recifes pr?ximos e distantes da foz atingiram um m?ximo de at? 4,5x para a riqueza, 11x para a biomassa e 10x para a abund?ncia. A altura do substrato foi positivamente relacionada com a abund?ncia de peixes, riqueza de esp?cies e diversidade dos grupos tr?ficos (ECV entre 7,3% a 17,4%), enquanto o n?mero de ref?gios foi associado positivamente com a abund?ncia de esp?cies de pequeno porte, como Stegastes fuscus, Emblemariopsis signifer e Scartella cristata. O efeito da cobertura b?ntica foi significativo em determinar os padr?es espaciais da estrutura da assembleia de peixes e da diversidade dos grupos tr?ficos (ECV = 8% e 10%, respectivamente), por?m n?o foram observadas influ?ncias significativas da cobertura b?ntica na riqueza de esp?cies, biomassa e abund?ncia. A exposi??o ?s ondas teve um efeito significativo apenas para a estrutura da assembleia de peixes (ECV = 10%). As assembleias de peixes variaram drasticamente ao longo do ciclo di?rio. A riqueza de esp?cies e a abund?ncia de peixes foram maiores durante os hor?rios do dia, com valores intermedi?rios nos hor?rios crepusculares e atingiram os menores valores durante a noite. Maiores diferen?as na estrutura da assembleia foram observadas entre o per?odo diurno e noturno. Durante a noite, as fam?lias Sciaenidae, representado por Pareques acuminatus, e Pempheridae vii representado por Pempheris schomburgkii foram mais abundantes, enquanto Haemulidae Haemulon steindachneri, Pomacentridae Abudefduf saxatilis, Chaetodondidae Chaetodon striatus, e Labrisomidae Malacoctenus delalandii foram abundantes durante o dia. Os hor?rios crepusculares foram semelhantes entre si, sendo caracterizados por esp?cies tanto dos hor?rios do dia (H. steindachneri, M. acutirostris) quanto da noite (P. acuminatus), refletindo esse per?odo de transi??o. Rela??es positivas significativas foram detectadas entre a heterogeneidade do habitat e a beta diversidade. A ?rea com habitat mais homog?neo e de menor varia??o na composi??o da assembleia foi dominada por organismos tridimensionalmente pouco complexos (zoant?deos), enquanto a ?reas que apresentaram algas frondosas, matriz de algas epil?ticas (MAE) e zoant?deos com uma percentagem de cobertura mais equitativa, tiveram a maior heterogeneidade do habitat e beta diversidade. Para todas as medidas de diversidade alfa utilizadas, a ?rea com habitat mais heterog?neo e com maior beta diversidade, apresentou uma diversidade alfa maior do que a ?rea com habitat mais homog?neo e de menor beta diversidade. Entretanto, as rela??es positivas entre a beta diversidade e a diversidade alfa foram significativas apenas para a riqueza de esp?cies, e n?o para a estimativa da riqueza e a diversidade de Shannon. Este estudo demonstrou que varia??es nas assembleias em escalas espaciais e temporais curtas (desde entre transectos at? 10 km, e ao longo do ciclo di?rio) podem ser atribu?das a mudan?as na estrutura dos habitats locais, tanto na composi??o dos organismos bent?nicos dominantes quanto na heterogeneidade do habitat e podem ser associadas a caracter?sticas comportamentais principalmente associadas a estrat?gias de obten??o de alimento e prote??o contra preda??o

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T16:14:44Z No. of bitstreams: 5 raquel.pdf: 1403025 bytes, checksum: eea55372117e73565bb98bcc2880e7b3 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T10:48:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 raquel.pdf: 1403025 bytes, checksum: eea55372117e73565bb98bcc2880e7b3 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T10:48:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 raquel.pdf: 1403025 bytes, checksum: eea55372117e73565bb98bcc2880e7b3 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Pouco conhecimento est? dispon?vel em torno da preval?ncia e dos fatores associados ?s altera??es de mucosa bucal em crian?as pr?-escolares procedentes da zona urbana ou rural. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a preval?ncia e os fatores associados com varia??es da normalidade e les?es de mucosa bucal em 541 pr?-escolares saud?veis da zona urbana e rural do munic?pio de Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Atrav?s de question?rio aplicado aos pais/respons?veis investigaram-se informa??es sociodemogr?ficas como proced?ncia da crian?a (zona urbana ou rural), escolaridade da m?e e renda mensal do grupo familiar, al?m da presen?a de h?bitos nocivos como bruxismo, suc??o e mordiscagem de objetos. Em seguida, exames bucais foram realizados para verificar altera??es de mucosa e higiene bucal, al?m da presen?a de c?rie dent?ria. An?lise descritiva, testes Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado, Exato de Fisher e regress?o log?stica multivariada foram utilizados para an?lise dos dados (p<0,05). A preval?ncia de altera??es de mucosa bucal foi de 49,5%. As varia??es da normalidade mais frequentes foram: l?ngua saburrosa (23,4%), manchas mel?nicas (14,4%) e gr?nulos de Fordyce (8,1%). Por outro lado, as les?es mais prevalentes foram: les?es ulceradas (11,8%), queilite angular (3,0%) e f?stula (1,3%). Independentemente do g?nero, idade, escolaridade da m?e, renda familiar e proced?ncia da crian?a, pr?-escolares de 3 a 5 anos possu?ram maior chance de apresentar l?ngua saburrosa [OR:2,55; (IC95%: 1,6-4,1)], manchas mel?nicas [OR:4,07; (IC95%: 2,3-7,2)] e gr?nulos de Fordyce [OR:12,70; (IC95%: 7,2-28,6)]. L?ngua saburrosa foi mais prevalente em crian?as de baixa renda [OR:2,35; (IC95%: 1,3-4,3)] e higiene bucal insatisfat?ria [OR:4,65; (IC 95%: 2,9-7,4)]. Crian?as da zona rural [OR:3,86; (IC 95%: 2,1-7,1)] e do g?nero feminino [OR:2,23; (IC 95%: 1,3-3,8)] apresentaram maior ocorr?ncia de manchas mel?nicas. Pr?-escolares com c?rie possu?ram maior chance de apresentar linha alba [OR: 6,19; (IC95%: 1,1-26,1)], ulcera??es bucais [OR:2,15; (IC95%: 1,2-3,9)] e f?stula [OR:12,0; (IC95%: (1,4-11,3)]. Pr?-escolares com bruxismo apresentaram maior ocorr?ncia de queilite angular [OR:5,55; (IC95%: 1,9-16,3)]. Concluiu-se que a preval?ncia de altera??es de mucosa bucal em crian?as pr?-escolares foi alta. Os fatores mais frequentemente associados ?s varia??es da normalidade foram o g?nero feminino, idade entre 3 e 5 anos, higiene bucal insatisfat?ria, baixa renda familiar, proced?ncia rural e c?rie dent?ria. Por outro lado, os ?nicos fatores associados ?s les?es de mucosa bucal foram c?rie dent?ria e bruxismo. / ABSTRACT Narrow knowledge is available about the prevalence of alterations in the oral mucosa and associated factors among preschool children coming from urban or rural area. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of abnormalities and lesions in the oral mucosa and associated factors among 541 healthy preschool children in urban and rural areas of the city of Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A questionnaire administered to parents/guardians investigated socio-demographic variables, such as child?s place of residence (urban or rural area), mother's schooling and monthly household income as well as harmful habits such as bruxism (teeth grinding/clenching), sucking habits and chewing on objects. Oral examinations were performed to determine mucosa alterations, oral hygiene and dental caries. Descriptive analysis, Fisher?s Exact test, the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis (p < 0.05). The prevalence of alterations in the oral mucosa was 49.5%. The most prevalent abnormalities were coated tongue (23.4%), melanotic macules (14.4%) and Fordyce granules (8.1%). The most prevalent lesions were oral ulcers (11.8%), angular cheilitis (3.0%) and fistula (1.3%). Preschool children aged three to five years had a greater chance of exhibiting coated tongue (OR: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.6-4.1), melanotic macules (OR: 4.07; 95% CI: 2.3-7.2) and Fordyce granules (OR: 12.70; 95% CI: 7.2-28.6). Coated tongue (OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.3-4.3) and poor oral hygiene (OR: 4.65; 95% CI: 2.9-7.4) were more prevalent among low-income children. Children in rural areas (OR: 3.86; 95% CI: 2.1 to 7.1) and the female gender (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.3-3.8) had a higher occurrence of melanotic macules. Preschool children with dental caries had a greater chance of exhibiting linea alba (OR: 6.19; 95% CI: 1.1-26.1), oral ulcers (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.2-3.9) and fistula (OR: 12.0; 95% CI: 1.4-11.3). Children with bruxism had higher incidence of angular cheilitis (OR: 5.55; 95% CI: 1.9-16.3). The prevalence of alterations in the oral mucosa of preschool children was high. The factors most often associated with such abnormalities were the female gender, age between three and five years, poor oral hygiene, low income, residing in a rural area and dental caries. However, the only factors associated with oral mucosa lesions were dental caries and bruxism.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T16:14:44Z No. of bitstreams: 5 saulo.pdf: 2174121 bytes, checksum: 837d6359c95ce3c616f0b0f600ff2489 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T10:50:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 saulo.pdf: 2174121 bytes, checksum: 837d6359c95ce3c616f0b0f600ff2489 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T10:50:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 saulo.pdf: 2174121 bytes, checksum: 837d6359c95ce3c616f0b0f600ff2489 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Muito ainda se discute com rela??o ? fisiopatologia das les?es perif?ricas de c?lulas gigantes (LPCG) e les?es centrais de c?lulas gigantes (LCCG). Ambas as les?es apresentam caracter?sticas cl?nicas distintas, apesar de possu?rem caracter?sticas histol?gicas semelhantes. Assim, estudos imunoistoqu?micos em LPCG e LCCG est?o sendo realizados, para permitir um melhor entendimento dessas les?es. Tem sido relatado que a express?o aumentada de FASN e a angiog?nese est?o diretamente ligadas com desenvolvimento dos tumores. No entanto, ainda n?o se sabe se estes eventos est?o envolvidos na patog?nese das LPCG e LCCG. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a express?o de FASN e o grau de angiog?nese entre LPCG e LCCG, al?m de verificar a correla??o entre essas vari?veis. Assim, 13 casos de LCCG e 14 casos de LPCG foram selecionados para an?lise da express?o imunoistoqu?mica de FASN, CD34, CD105 e D2-40. A express?o de FASN foi avaliada nos componentes celulares da les?o, seguida da mensura??o da densidade microvascular (DMV) e ?rea microvascular (AMV) para cada uma das amostras selecionadas. Os dados coletados foram submetidos ? an?lise descritiva e sequencialmente aos testes de Mann Whitney, teste t para amostras independentes e testes de correla??o de Pearson e Spearman. Os resultados do nosso estudo indicam que: (1) n?o h? diferen?as na imunoexpress?o de FASN entre os grupos de les?es (CM ? 8% FASN+ / CGM ? 38% FASN+); (2) LPCG possuem maior DMV em CD34; n?o houve diferen?as na DMV em CD105 e D2-40 entre as les?es. A AMV em LPCG foi maior que em LCCG para CD34, CD105 e D2-40; (3) em LPCG houve correla??o positiva entre (CM ? FASN+ com DMV/CD105); (4) nas LCCG houve correla??o positiva entre (CM ? FASN+ com DMV/CD105), (CM ? FASN+ com AMV/CD105 e CD34), (CGM ? FASN+ com AMV/CD105). A partir dos resultados obtidos concluiu-se que os n?veis similares da express?o imunoistoqu?mica de FASN indicam processos constitutivos da manuten??o tissular de ambas as les?es. No entanto, as diferen?as na vasculariza??o, entre os grupos de les?es, parecem ser influenciadas por CM positivas para FASN. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT There is still a lot of discussion about the pathophysiology of Peripheral Giant Cell Lesion (PGCL) and Central Giant Cell Lesion (CGCL). These lesions show distinct clinical features, although they have similar histological characteristics. Thus, immunohistochemical studies in PGCL and CGCL are being done to improve understanding these diseases. It has been reported that high level of FASN and angiogenesis are linked with tumors development. However, remains unknown whether these events are involved in the pathogenesis of LPCG and LCCG. The aim of this research was to study FASN expression and angiogenesis degree between PGCL and CGCL, in addition, verify the correlation between this variables. Thus, 13 cases of CGCL and 14 cases of PGCL were selected and examined by immunoexpression of FASN, CD34, CD105 and D2-40. The immunoexpression of FASN was assessed in components cells of lesions, followed by measurement of Microvassel Density (MVD) and Microvassel Area (MVA) for each selected sample. Data collected was submitted to descriptive analysis and followed by Mann Whitney test, ?t? test to independent samples and Person?s and Spearman?s correlation. The results of this study indicate that: (1) there are no differences in FASN immunoexpression between group lesions (MC ? 8% FASN+ / MGC ? 38% FASN+); (2) PGCL have greater MVD in CD34 than CGCL; there are no MDV differences in CD105 and D2-40 between lesions. PGCL have greater MVA in CD34, CD105 and D2-40 than CGCL; (3) in PCGL there was a positive correlation between (MC ? FASN+ and MVD/CD105); (4) in CGCL there was a positive correlation between (MC ? FASN+ and MVD/CD105), (MC ? FASN+ and MVA/CD105 and CD34), (MGC ? FASN+ and MVA/CD105). With base on these results it is concluded that similar expression of FANS levels indicate constituent process of tissue maintenance in both lesions. On the other hand, differences on angiogenesis between lesions seem be influenced by FASN+ mononuclear cells.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-08T13:33:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Samara Macedo Pinto.pdf: 970121 bytes, checksum: f69dfd12be8357633a632969c91a1d3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-08T13:33:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Samara Macedo Pinto.pdf: 970121 bytes, checksum: f69dfd12be8357633a632969c91a1d3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Fish communities in developing countries have, in many cases, showed a decrease in the species richness and abundance over time as a result of anthropogenic impacts. We analyzed fish communities of three zones (inner, middle and outer) of the Sepetiba Bay (Southeastern Brazil) using identical sampling methods (bottom trawl) during four different time periods: 1987?1988; 1993?1995; 1998?2001 and 2012?2013. A total of 33,140 fish representing 127 species in 88 genera and 41 families were recorded. Our results revealed highly significant and consistent differences in the fish community structure among the bay zones, and a decreased in the fish richness and abundance over the time period. Changes in fish richness and abundance were related mostly to a sharp decrease that occurred in the inner bay zone, the most impacted bay area, and, to a lesser extent, in the middle zone between the two first (1987?1988 and 1993?1995) and the two latter time periods (1998?2001 and 2012?2013), whereas the outer zone remained comparatively stable over time. Spatial changes in the fish community structure among the bay zones were related to differences in salinity, transparency and depth with this latter variable, together with other factors, acting as a buffer for stabalizing community changes; however, these environmental variables explained little of the variation in the temporal changes. The most important changes over time in abundant species were the numerical decreases of the Ariid Cathorops spixii, the serranid Diplectrum radiale and sciaenid Cynoscion leiarchus, and increases of the sciaenid Micropogonias furnieri and the marine catfish Genidens genidens, with this latter species restricted to the inner and middle zones. This study adds long-term information on gradual fish community changes along spatial gradients of environmental and anthropogenic influences in embayment systems. It is perhaps timely to link conservation and management planning with historical information to protect fish biodiversity in tropical developing countries / As comunidades de peixes em pa?ses em desenvolvimento, em muitos casos, mostram uma diminui??o na riqueza e abund?ncia das esp?cies ao longo do tempo como resultado das evid?ncias dos impactos antropog?nicos. N?s analisamos as comunidades de peixes ao longo de tr?s zonas (interna, central e externa) da Ba?a de Sepetiba (Sudeste do Brasil), utilizando m?todos id?nticos de amostragem (bottom trawl) de peixes durante quatro per?odos temporais diferentes: 1987?1988; 1993?1995; 1998?2001 e 2012?2013. Registrou-se um total de 33.140 peixes representando 127 esp?cies em 88 g?neros e 41 fam?lias. Nossos resultados revelaram diferen?as altamente significativas e consistentes na estrutura da comunidade de peixes entre as zonas da ba?a e uma diminui??o na riqueza de esp?cies e abund?ncia ao longo do per?odo de estudo. As mudan?as na riqueza de esp?cies e abund?ncia foram relacionadas, principalmente, ? uma forte queda que ocorreu na zona interna da ba?a, ?rea esta mais afetada e, em menor medida, na zona central entre os dois primeiros (1987?1988 e 1993?1995) e os ?ltimos dois per?odos temporais (1998?2001 e 2012?2013), enquanto a zona exterior permaneceu relativamente est?vel ao longo do tempo. Mudan?as espaciais na estrutura da comunidade de peixes entre as zonas da ba?a foram relacionadas ?s diferen?as de salinidade, transpar?ncia e profundidade com este ?ltima vari?vel, em conjunto com outros fatores, atuando como um ?buffer? estabilizando mudan?as na comunidade; no entanto, essas vari?veis ambientais explicaram pouco a varia??o nas mudan?as temporais. As mudan?as mais importantes ao longo do tempo em esp?cies abundantes foi a diminui??o num?rica do Ariideo Cathorops spixii, do Serran?deo Diplectrum radiale e do Sciaen?deo Cynoscion leiarchus, e o aumento do Sciaen?deo Micropogonias furnieri e o bagre marinho Genidens genidens, com esta ?ltima esp?cie restrita ?s zonas interna e central. Este estudo acrescenta informa??o de longo prazo sobre mudan?as graduais nas comunidades de peixes ao longo de gradientes espaciais com influ?ncias ambientais e antr?picas no sistema de ba?a. Talvez seja oportuno vincular conserva??o e planejamento de gest?o com informa??es hist?ricas para proteger a biodiversidade de peixes em pa?ses tropicais em desenvolvimento.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-14T19:34:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Veronica Cristina Lopes Menezes.pdf: 1388664 bytes, checksum: eb95b2be98ffd5f3a96140f14377f8f2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-14T19:34:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Veronica Cristina Lopes Menezes.pdf: 1388664 bytes, checksum: eb95b2be98ffd5f3a96140f14377f8f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-30 / CAPES / The distribution of estrogen receptors in brain structures that are envolved in the hidroelectrolyte balance such as the lamina terminalis (LT), subfornical organ (SFO) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) demonstrated that estradiol can modulate important responses in body fluids. In the literature experimental data support that estrogen can increase the triptofan-hydroxilase type 2 , the main enzyme for the serotonin synthesis. The primary question here is whether or not differences in the baseline or stimulated intake are a function of different levels of circulating gonadal hormones in female ovariectomized rats. Female Wistar intact rats (~230 g) were previously aclimated in metabolic cages during 5 days and ad libitum access to water and hypertonic saline (1.8%) bottles and food. Room temperature was maintained at 22?2 ?C with 12:12 h light-dark cycle (lights off at 19:00). Rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injections of a mixture of ketamine (75 mg/kg) and xylazine (5 mg/kg) and then bilaterally ovariohysterectomized. There were four experimental groups: OVX (replaced with corn oil), 2,5 ?g/kg (E2 2,5), 10,0 ?g/kg (E2 10,0) and 40,0 ?g/kg (E2 40,0), daily during seven days, s.c. After 24 h of the surgery the hormonal replacement initiated (estradiol cypionate, EC, Pfizer, Animal Health). We did three experimental protocols: baseline evaluations, sodium depletion and fluid replacement. The estrogen replacement exibitted a dose dependent effect in the following parameters under basal conditions: daily body weight, daily urinary volume and daily food intake. After sodium depletion there were no difference in the urinary volume after 2 and 24 hours of the experiment. But after fluid reposition we observed a dose dependent effect in the ingestive behaviour of water and hypertonic saline intake in sodium depleted and control animals. Our data support that estradiol can alter the natriorexigenic and dipsogenic responses especially after sodium depletion depending of the estrogenic status. / A distribui??o de receptores estrog?nicos em estruturas centrais envolvidas na regula??o da homeostase hidroeletrol?tica como o ?rg?o vasculoso da l?mina terminal, n?cleo subfornicial, n?cleo dorsal da rafe indica que o estradiol pode atuar nessas estruturas em resposta a altera??es nos fluidos corporais. Nosso objetivo foi verificar se a reposi??o hormonal pode influenciar de maneira concentra??o-dependente o status hidroeletrol?tico e neuroend?crino de ratas castradas com reposi??o hormonal em diferentes doses de forma comparativa. Ratas Wistar (~230 g) foram previamente adaptadas, por 5 dias, em gaiolas metab?licas, com acesso ad libitum aos bebedouros volum?tricos de ?gua e salina hipert?nica e ao alimento, sendo mantidas sob ciclo claro-escuro de 12 horas em sala com temperatura controlada em 22??2 ?C. Ao final da adapta??o, as ratas previamente anestesiadas com cetamina (75 mg/kg) e xilazina (5 mg/kg) foram submetidas ? cirurgia de ovariectomia bilateral. Os animais foram divididos em 4 grupos: OVX, reposi??o com ?leo de milho), repostos com ?leo de milho cipionato de estradiol (E2) 2,5 ?g/kg (E2 2,5), 10,0 ?g/kg (E2 10,0) e 40 ?g/kg (E2 40,0). O tratamento de reposi??o foi feito pela via subcut?nea, diariamente durante 7 dias tendo sido iniciado no dia seguinte ? cirurgia. Foram realizados tr?s protocolos experimentais: avalia??o sob condi??es basais, deple??o de ?ons s?dio e reapresenta??o de fluidos. Neste estudo o estradiol apresentou efeito dose dependente nos seguintes par?metros sob condi??es basais: peso corporal di?rio, volume urin?rio di?rio, ingest?o de alimento di?rio. Ap?s deple??o de s?dio n?o houve diferen?a em rela??o ao volume urin?rio de 2 e de 24 horas ap?s o experimento. No entanto ap?s a reapresenta??o dos fluidos houve efeito dose-dependente no comportamento ingestivo de ?gua e de salina hipert?nica tanto nos animais depletados de s?dio quanto nos animais controles.Os dados suportam que o estradiol modula o comportamento ingestivo dos animais sob condi??es basais e ap?s a deple??o de s?dio.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-03T11:52:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Gabriela Bueno B. Silva.pdf: 16499028 bytes, checksum: f77bf195f420f4227c29b60a75895d0d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T11:52:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Gabriela Bueno B. Silva.pdf: 16499028 bytes, checksum: f77bf195f420f4227c29b60a75895d0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / BITTENCOURT-SILVA, Gabriela Bueno. Insular Anuran (Amphibia) Communities of the Southeast Coast of Brazil: Taxonomic Composition and Relationship to the History of the Islands. 2011. 72p. Dissertation (Master of Science in Animal Biology). Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, RJ, 2011. A data set containing a list of the known species of frogs that occur near shore and on eight islands of the south coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro and north of the State of S?o Paulo was produced. For that, I compiled data from the literature and conducted inventories of a few of the islands. This list included 67 anuran species belonging to 11 families for eight islands and 117 species and 14 families for two localities on the mainland. The pattern of richness between islands was analyzed in respect to the island area and the composition of habitats used by the anurans for reproduction. Insular structural complexity was also evaluated in this regard. The results of correlation analyses of area vs. species richness and species richness vs. number of reproductive habitats were highly significant indicating that species richness prediction in fragmented environments depends on both factors. Nestedness analyses using the metric NODF was performed in an attempt to investigate whether shared species absences among the islands are the result of a random process or represents a pattern indicative of ordered loss of species. The predicted pattern was confirmed ? that is, that species loss is nonrandom and that this was possibly caused by habitat loss. The role played by climatic events at the beginning of the Holocene and of the availability of reproductive habitats in the islands upon species loss is discussed. Furthermore, it is discussed how these results can help to guide conservation strategies of anuran species. / BITTENCOURT-SILVA, Gabriela Bueno. Comunidades de Anf?bios Anuros Insulares do Litoral Sudeste do Brasil: Composi??o Taxon?mica e Rela??es com a Hist?ria de Forma??o das Ilhas. 2011. 72p. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Biologia Animal). Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, RJ, 2011. Atrav?s de invent?rios e compila??o de dados da literatura levantou-se a composi??o de esp?cies de anf?bios anuros de oito ilhas, sendo seis da Costa Verde do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e duas do litoral norte do Estado de S?o Paulo. Al?m das ilhas, foram tamb?m compilados da literatura os invent?rios de duas comunidades representativas do litoral dos dois Estados. Adicionalmente, foram registradas 67 esp?cies, pertencentes a 11 fam?lias de anuros nas ilhas e 117 esp?cies e 14 fam?lias para o continente. O padr?o de distribui??o de riqueza das ilhas foi avaliado em rela??o ? ?rea das ilhas, ? composi??o de ambientes usados pelos anuros para reprodu??o e ? complexidade estrutural das ilhas. As an?lises de correla??o da riqueza de esp?cies vs. ?rea e riqueza de esp?cies vs. n?mero de ambientes reprodutivos apresentam resultados significativos, que s?o indicativos que a riqueza de esp?cies em ambientes fragmentados depende da intera??o de ambos os fatores. A fim de avaliar se as aus?ncias compartilhadas de esp?cies entre as ilhas ocorrem ao acaso ou encontram-se estruturadas, realizou-se uma an?lise de aninhamento com o aux?lio da m?trica NODF. O padr?o previsto foi confirmado e a perda de diversidade ? discutida em rela??o ? eventos clim?ticos do in?cio do Holoceno e ? disponibilidade de ambientes reprodutivos nas ilhas. Discute-se ainda como os resultados desse estudo podem servir para orientar programas de conserva??o de esp?cies de anf?bios anuros

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-15T12:14:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Daiane Ouvernay Fernandes da Silva.pdf: 7586481 bytes, checksum: 5a97593f1df40687d3039aaf482f7a65 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-15T12:14:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Daiane Ouvernay Fernandes da Silva.pdf: 7586481 bytes, checksum: 5a97593f1df40687d3039aaf482f7a65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-21 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study investigated the relationship between species of frogs, lizards, gradients environmental and insularity. We could detect a strong relationship between lizards in open habitats and anthropic as well as a strong influence of the area to the richness and abundance of lizards, rather than habitat heterogeneity. The community was the most diverse State Park Cunhambebe. The lizards of island environments of the Sepetiba Bay showed a strong relationship between abundance and area, supporting the hypothesis of Ecological Release. The species Cycloramphus sp., Thoropa miliaris, Hylodes asper, H. phyllodes, Phasmahyla cruzi and Scinax trapicheiroi are those with lower values of tolerance of distance from this physiognomy and sometimes only occur in this environment. / Neste estudo foram investigadas as rela??es entre esp?cies de anf?bios anuros, lagartos, gradientes ambientais e insularidade. Nota-se uma forte rela??o dos lagartos com ambientes abertos e antr?picos, bem como uma forte influ?ncia da ?rea para a riqueza e abund?ncia dos lagartos, mais que a heterogeneidade de habitats. A comunidade mais diversa foi a do Parque Estadual do Cunhambebe. Os lagartos de ambientes insulares da Ba?a de Sepetiba demonstraram forte rela??o entre abund?ncia e ?rea, corroborando com a hip?tese de Libera??o ecol?gica. As esp?cies Cycloramphus sp., Thoropa miliaris, Hylodes asper, H. phyllodes, Phasmahyla cruzi e Scinax trapicheiroi s?o as que possuem menores valores de toler?ncia de dist?ncia da cachoeira e, algumas vezes, s? ocorrem neste ambiente