Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-09T17:24:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marceloluisribeirosilvatavares.pdf: 22787298 bytes, checksum: 25aea17d3ba32fc8d1f0845831639bba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-10T12:02:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marceloluisribeirosilvatavares.pdf: 22787298 bytes, checksum: 25aea17d3ba32fc8d1f0845831639bba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-10T12:02:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marceloluisribeirosilvatavares.pdf: 22787298 bytes, checksum: 25aea17d3ba32fc8d1f0845831639bba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-14 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A partir do reconhecimento de que mulher e esporte são temas de interesse para o estudo da sociedade, destacamos como foco dessa dissertação as atletas do voleibol feminino da década de 1980, visando recuperar a potência dessa geração e descrever a trajetória das jogadoras que integravam a seleção feminina adulta de voleibol do Brasil de então, quando transformações profundas no cenário nacional marcaram a ascensão da equipe no cenário esportivo mundial. Além disso, pretendemos apontar os principais fatos que reforçaram a consolidação do esporte nesse período no Brasil, analisando o processo de inserção, permanência e aposentadoria das atletas no esporte que atuaram na década analisada e sua contribuição individual para a ascensão do voleibol no cenário nacional e internacional. Esta pesquisa foi construída a partir dos referenciais metodológicos da História Oral Temática e utilizou como instrumento um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado, para orientar a conversa com onze jogadoras de voleibol, da década de 1980. A fim de articular e confrontar os dados, cotejamos as narrativas dessas atletas com outros documentos. Por fim, verificamos que esta geração de atletas contribuiu não apenas para a ascensão do voleibol no cenário esportivo brasileiro, mas também, para a profissionalização da modalidade; para a divulgação do esporte na grande mídia e para a quebra de mitos e tabus sobre a maternidade e a participação da mulher no esporte, e assim, na sociedade. / This dissertation recognizes the women in Sports as relevant issues to Social Studies, therefore it focus in the generation of female volleyball athletes during the 1980s in Brazil. It recovers the impact of this generation and describes the trajectory of the players that were part of the adult female volleyball team in Brazil in the 80’s decade; a period of profound transformations which marked the rise of the team on the world sports scene and the consolidation of the sport on the national scene. In addition, we aim to highlight the main facts that reinforced the consolidation of Brazilian volleyball throughout this period, analyzing the sports’ scouting process, the longevity and there tirement of these female athletes who played in that decade and also heir individual contribution to the rise of volleyball culture both nationally and internationally. This research was built from the methodological framework of the Thematic Oral History and used a semi-structured interview instrument script to guide the conversation with eleven volleyball players of the 1980s. In order to combine and contrast data we compare the narratives of these athletes with other documents. At last, we note that generation of athletes contributed not only to the rise of volleyball in the Brazilian sports scene, but also to the professionalization of the sport; to the promotion of the sport by mass media and it contributed to break many taboos about the maternity and the women's participation in sport, as in society.

Este estudo contribui tanto para o processo organizacional como para a literatura sobre empresas familiares. O tema se apresenta relevante quanto ao crescimento do conhecimento sobre o processo de profissionalização em empresas familiares. A medida que as empresas crescem, crescem também os desafios presentes nas empresas, e nas empresas familiares estes desafios são ainda maiores devido as questões da família, propriedade e gestão. Nesta fase, muitos proprietários reconhecem a necessidade de profissionalizar a gestão de suas empresas, isso como preparação para sua continuidade e crescimento. A profissionalização pode ser entendida como um processo na qual as empresas caminham para um processo de maior formalidade, com o desenvolvimento de organismos formais de governança e sistemas de controle. A profissionalização na empresa familiar pode representar uma grande mudança na forma de gestão. Diante disso o objetivo da pesquisa é compreender como acontece o processo de profissionalização na empresa familiar, analisando ainda a governança corporativa e seus mecanismos nessas organizações. Para tal objetivo a metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de natureza predominantemente qualitativa, feita a partir do estudo de casos múltiplos. Para coletar os dados foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com gestores das organizações escolhidas, da alta e média administração. A investigação foi realizada em duas empresas familiares, uma com sessenta anos de mercado, do setor de prestação de serviços e a outra com mais de vinte anos de mercado do setor de comércio atacadista. Os resultados mostram que a profissionalização foi motivada pelo desejo de continuidade e crescimento das empresas pesquisadas, e que a profissionalização surgiu ligada a questão do processo sucessório em uma das organizações. A Governança Corporativa pode definir regras e procedimentos para a tomada de decisão pelos agentes nessas organizações, além de monitorar e controlar a utilização dos recursos. / This study contributes to both the organizational process and to the literature on family businesses. The theme is presented as relevant to the knowledge on the management of professionalization in family businesses. As companies grow, the present challenges in businesses also grows, and in family businesses these challenges are even greater due to family issues, ownership and management. At this stage, many business owners acknowledge the need to professionalize the management of their companies, as part of its continuity and growth. Professionalization can be understood as a process in which companies move towards a more formal process, with the development of formal governance and control systems. Professionalization in a family business represents a huge change in management. Therefore, the aim of this research is to understand how the professionalization process takes part in the family business, analyzing also the governance and its mechanisms in these organizations. For this purpose the methodology used was an exploratory and descriptive research predominantly qualitative, made from the study of multiple cases. To collect the data, semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers of the chosen organizations, of high and middle management. The research was conducted in two family companies, one over sixty years, of the service sector and the other with more than twenty years, of the wholesale trade sector. The results present that professionalization was motivated by the desire for continuity and growth, and the professionalization also arises linked to the succession process in one of the organizations. Corporate Governance can define rules and procedures for decision making by agents, as well as monitor and control the use of resources.

Cette thèse a pour ambition de comprendre et de restituer la grammaire d’action de la médiation culturelle. Alors que ce champ présente des contours flous, notre recherche propose une définition sociohistorique de ces activités, dont le développement doit être rapporté à la reconfiguration du projet de démocratisation de la culture. Cette thèse décrit la topographie d’un champ traversé par des mouvements de professionnalisation complexes et partiellement contradictoires. Un grand nombre de dispositifs de médiation ont été observés et analysés au prisme d’une double interrogation portant d’une part sur les formes et d’autre part sur le sens de l’action. Cette double interrogation permet de faire apparaître des problèmes propres à la reconnaissance des actions de médiation et à la définition respective des objets à transmettre (oeuvres d’art, expérience esthétique, pratiques artistiques ?) et des destinataires à construire (quels publics ?). Elle permet également de comprendre comment les médiateurs construisent leur activité comme une activité de transformation des rapports aux autres et à soi, dotée d’un sens et d’une utilité sociale et civique dont le terme « éthique » rend compte. Ces analyses contribuent à éclairer les processus subjectifs d’engagement dans le travail et d’actualisation du rapport aux valeurs tout en éclairant les ressorts propres de l’action des dispositifs de médiation. Les enquêtes de terrains ont été menées dans différents secteurs (spectacle vivant, cinéma, beaux-arts) et auprès de différentes institutions (théâtre de l’Odéon, Parc de la Villette etc.), associations (CEMÉA, Chroma-Zebrock) ou dispositifs d’éducation artistique (Ecole au cinéma). / This PhD dissertation aims to understand and render the “action grammar” of cultural mediation. While the limits of this field are hazy, this work presents a socio-historical definition of this type of activity, the development of which is ascribed to the reframing of the cultural democratization project. This PhD describes the topography of a field crisscrossed by complex and partially contradictory professionalization trends. A large number of mediation devices are observed and analyzed through a double angle: on the one hand, that of the forms, and on the other hand, that of the meaning of these projects. This double questioning unveils problems which are specific to the acknowledgment of mediation projects and to the definition of both the objects that are to be communicated (art works, aesthetical experience, artistic practice) and those at the receiving end (which audiences are targeted?). It also allows us to understand how mediators (educators) construct their activity as a transformation of the relationship to others and to oneself, endowed with meaning and with social and civic usefulness, conveyed by the term “ethics”. This is a contribution to the understanding of subjective processes of work commitment and of the enactment of the relation to values, while shedding light on mediation devices' action mechanisms. The fieldwork was carried out in various settings (performing arts, film, plastic arts) and in different institutions (Théâtre de l’Odéon, Parc de la Villette etc.), associations (CEMÉA, Chroma-Zebrock) or artistic education projects (Ecole au cinéma).

Föreliggande studie undersöker frilansöversättares uppfattning om sin egen professionella status i förhållande till uppdragsförmedlande språkföretag i Sverige. Genom en enkätstudie inspirerad av Dam & Zethsens undersökningar, i kombination med en analys av offentligt publicerade texter från ett antal större svenska språkföretag, ämnar studien få en inblick i hur frilansöversättare upplever sin egen status, samt vilka krav som företagen ställer på översättarna. I förlängningen undersöks även graden av professionalisering som översättaryrket genomgått i Sverige. Resultaten visar att översättarna med få undantag uppfattar sin status som relativt låg, och att språkföretagen överlag ställer upp få formella, offentliga krav på sina översättare utöver yrkeserfarenhet av översättning och punktlighet. Översättaryrkets grad av professionalisering i Sverige bedöms därutöver som låg. / The present study examines how freelance translators view their own professional prestige relative to intermediary language service providers in Sweden. By utilizing a survey inspired by the studies of Dam & Zethsen, in combination with an analysis of publically published texts from a number of big Swedish language service providers, this study aims to get an insight in the freelance translators’ own perception of their prestige and in the demands of the language service providers. The study also explores to what extent the translation profession is professionalized in Sweden. The results show that freelance translators, with few exceptions, think of their status as middle to low. At the same time, the language service providers seem to have very few formal demands of their translators, with work experience and punctuality appearing to be the two main requirements to translate for them. Moreover, it seems that the translator profession in Sweden has undergone only a relatively low level of professionalization.

No description available.

En France, les étudiants tendent à s’éloigner de l’Université au profit des écoles supérieures explicitement professionnelles, alors même que l’Université intensifie la professionnalisation de ses cursus. Dans une perspective d’analyse psychosociale de ce phénomène, nous avons étudié la représentation sociale de l’Université chez les étudiants en Sciences de l’éducation et ses liens avec celle de la Professionnalisation. Les données recueillies par questionnaire ont permis plusieurs modes de traitement dont les résultats montrent tout d’abord, que la représentation sociale de l’Université s’élabore à partir des éléments les plus consensuels de la représentation collective de cet objet (études, travail et autonomie). D’autre part, les étudiants associent peu l’Université à la Professionnalisation : seuls les éléments travail, très polysémique, et avenir assurent une conjonction entre ces deux représentations. Enfin, la fréquentation de l’institution et la pratique de dispositifs de professionnalisation qu’elle propose, semblent participer à l’éloignement cognitif de ces deux objets. En outre, les résultats obtenus permettent d’envisager une modélisation de la genèse représentationnelle dans laquelle se succèdent dans un continuum, trois états de la représentation : la représentation collective, la représentation non-structurée et la représentation sociale, la représentation se spécifiant progressivement à un groupe social particulier. La mise en perspective culturelle et historique des deux objets étudiés interroge finalement la possibilité, dans un avenir proche, de leur rapprochement représentationnel chez les étudiants malgré les transformations a priori favorables du contexte et des pratiques. / In France, students are tending to move away from university and to favour competitive-entry higher education establishments, which offer a more explicitly vocational education, even though university is intensifying the professionalization of its degree courses. In order to analyze this phenomenon in a psychosocial point of view, we studied the social representation of university among students in Education Sciences and its links to their social representation of professionalization. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed with different methods. Results show that on the one hand, the social representation of university is based on the more consensual elements of the collective representation (studies, work and autonomy). On the other hand, students rarely associate university to professionalization, the only link between university and professionalization being based on two items, i.e. work, which is polysemous, and future. Finally, the cognitive distance between these two objects seems to be increased on the one hand by the attendance to the institution and on the other hand by the use of the professionalization schemes it offers. Moreover, results show that the way this representation is created can be modeled: collective representation appears, it is then replaced by non-structured representation, and finally social representation emerges, the latter being specific to one particular social group. From cultural and historical standpoints, results show that it is unlikely that the representation of university and professionalization among students will come closer in the near future, even if the evolution of the context and practices seems favourable.

Problemställning Samtidigt som svenskt entreprenörskap ökar (Bolagsverket, 2016) förefaller det finnas ett tydligt problem för nystartade företag att hitta finansiering till sin verksamhet (Svensson, 2011). Affärsänglar är individer som investerar pengar, och ibland tid i nystartade företag. Medan den formella riskkapitalmarknaden, som består av institutionella aktörer, är restriktiva när det kommer till investeringar i nystartade företag (Svensson, 2011) är affärsänglar mer benägna att investera i nystartade företag (Silver, 2008). Således argumenterar vi för att affärsänglar är en viktig stöttepelare för Sveriges entreprenörer som i sin tur är viktiga för den ekonomiska utvecklingen. Det saknas dock tidigare forskning som undersöker affärsänglarnas professionalisering. Professionalisering innebär att ett yrke utvecklas mot en profession. En professionalisering kan leda till ett mer effektivt yrkesutövande, varpå det är relevant att undersöka. Syfte Studiens syfte är att undersöka professionaliseringen av affärsänglar i Sverige. Detta görs mot bakgrund av flertalet faktorer som talar för att en professionalisering i viss mån har skett. Forskningsfråga Studien presenterar två stycken forskningsfrågor: Har affärsänglar professionaliserats i Sverige? Om så är fallet, hur har affärsänglar i Sverige professionaliserats? Resultat Studien tar en kvalitativ ansats där intervjuer, dokument och deltagande observationer ligger till grund för den empiriska studien. Resultatet av studien pekar på att det finns fyra olika grupper av affärsänglar, som alla har professionaliserats olika mycket. Resultatet uppnåddes genom att identifiera 14 stycken professionaliseringskrav som respektive grupp jämfördes mot. Kunskapsbidrag Studiens resultat bör sättas i relation till forskning från två områden; professionalisering samt affärsänglar. För det förstnämnda forskningsområdet bidrar studiens resultat med ett teoretiskt bidrag i form av en teoretisk modell som öppnar upp för möjligheten att undersöka professionalisering av yrken som inte än klassas som renodlade yrken i en traditionell bemärkelse. För det sistnämnda bidrar studien med ny empirisk kunskap om en annars relativt outforskad grupp individer. / Problematization At the same time as Swedish entrepreneurship increases (Bolagsverket, 2016), there appears to be a clear issue for newly started companies to find funding for their business (Svensson, 2011). Business angels are individuals who invest money, and sometimes their time in new businesses. While the formal venture capital market, which consists of institutional players, is restrictive when it comes to investments in start-ups (Svensson, 2011), business angels are more likely to invest in start-up companies (Silver, 2008). Thus, we argue that business angels are an important player for Swedish entrepreneurs, which in turn are important for the economic development. However, there is no prior research investigating the professionalization of business angels, which comprises the journey of becoming a profession. A professionalization process can lead to a more efficient profession, and it is therefore relevant to further investigate. Purpose The purpose of the study is to investigate the professionalization of business angels in Sweden. This is done considering several factors that indicate that a professionalization process has to some extent taken place. Research questions The study presents two research questions: Have business angels in Sweden been professionalized? If that is case, how have they professionalized? Results The study takes a qualitative approach in which interviews, documents and participatory observations form the basis of the empirical data. The result of the study indicates that there are four different groups of business angels, all of which have professionalized to different degrees. The result was achieved by identifying 14 professionalization requirements for which each group was tested against. Knowledge contribution The results of the study should be related to research from two areas; professionalization and business angels. For the former research area, the results of the study contribute with a theoretical contribution in the form of a theoretical model that opens the possibility of studying professionalization of professions not yet classified as pure professions in a traditional sense. For the latter, the study contributes with new empirical knowledge of an otherwise relatively unexplored group of individuals.

The number of translation programs within a university context has multiplied in many countries worldwide, which led to the need to question their quality (Gambier, 2012). In the Arab world, especially in the Gulf region, translator education is an emerging practice. For instance, in Qatar, the first translation programs were launched in 2012 at both Qatar University (BA minor in translation ) and the MA programs in translation studies at the Translation and Interpreting Institute (College of Humanities and Social Sciences; Hammad bin Khalifa University). Arabic scholars in the field of translation have highlighted the ongoing curriculum and pedagogical issues at the regional level. Many university programs in the Gulf region prefer to import foreign curriculum packages rather than invest in creating localized programs (Badry & Willoughly, 2015); hence, there is a need for programs relevant to the local and regional communities and contexts (Taibi, 2016). This could only be done through ground exploratory research to identify the problems and address them through a consensus process between the various stakeholders: academia, society and the profession. This doctoral thesis is a result of an exploratory and descriptive study carried out on the two existing translation programs in Qatar (a postgraduate program at the translation and interpreting Institute at Hammad Bin Khalifa University; and an undergraduate program at Qatar University) to identify the type of pedagogical and curricular practices in these institutions and align them with the findings from the practices in the translation and interpreting professions as well as translation professionals' perceptions in the state of Qatar. The present study has focused on the following objectives: 1) the identification and description of the professional translator profile in the Qatari context; 2) the identification of the pedagogical (teaching and learning) practices used in translation programs at Arabic universities in the Gulf region, such as Qatar; 3) knowledge required according to the opinions of professionals working in the field, and the competencies that these professionals believe should be developed in a translation program; and 4) a description of the necessary conditions to integrate such professional requirements in these types of professionally-oriented programs. The findings obtained from the study suggest that a knowledge of the working environments of translators and the required knowledge, skills and abilities to exercise the translation profession is crucial to a translation instructor as well as to a translation or interpreting curriculum developer. Such an awareness would result in the transfer of a different meaning of translation and translator status in society than the one it carries at present in Qatar. Also, there is a need to update the pedagogical and curriculum practices within a university context in Qatar to further integrate professionally oriented types of content, and adopt innovative pedagogies to educate multilingual service providers in the country. Although participants claimed that they are willing to integrate dynamic teaching practices, at the same time they also declared that they would keep the same curricular practices privileged by the institutions. The Interviewees from the profession reported the poor students’ performance in an internship in the local context. Other interviewed practising translators - who graduated from one of the translation programs in Qatar- suggested that the current modes of instruction need to be revised and that more situated, project and problem-based types of activities need to be implemented in the classroom. The results may be useful for teaching staff, instructors, administrators, and the management to improve and reconsider their existing curriculum and pedagogical practices within a university-based program by including the integration of research-based professional practices in the initial design of courses. The positive and consensus-based partnership between academic instances and the professional practitioners is a key solution in this regard. The addition or deletion of courses in a program and the focus on the importance of textbooks without diagnosing the social and community needs, as well the lack of a clear framework to assess faculty or instructor competency and eligibility to educate and train translators, has led to quality issues in existing programs.

Magister Philosophiae - MPhil

The Diploma Thesis is focused on the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic and its professionalization. The Thesis solves question about stable extent of the professionally experienced and professional politicians in Chamber of Deputies and its organs by using professionalization factors to the Czech Chamber of Deputies. Furthermore the thesis is focused on material processing and information security of deputies which are provided by the Chamber of Deputies to perform parliamentary duties professionally and full time.