Due to the global energy crisis there is a vast increase in demand for heat exchangers that reduces the energy consumption during energy transfer between mediums. The current manufacturing process for brazed heat exchangers at the world leading man-ufacturer, Alfa Laval, involves a partial assembly process called Plastic Flange Defor-mation (PFD). The current PFD process is conducted manually and is completely dependent on human presence. The great increasing demand for heat exchangers world wide creates the need for a more efficient and sustainable solution for the PFD process. To meet the capacity increase a higher level of automated process is required. The key areas to investigate in this thesis are quality control and component handling within the PFD process. Concepts for the key areas will be developed and two new concepts for the automated PFD cell will be presented. The used method for this thesis is a combination of the outline of Design Research Methodology (DRM) and the Analytical Hierarchy Approach (AHP) for the decision making process for the final PFD cell concepts. The Developed key area concepts are validated with either physical prototypes or virtually with solid mechanics analysis. The result showed that there exist different solutions and possibilities for handling the large variety of components within the PFD process. The quality controls are solved with a combination of vision systems and actuator motors. The first concept for an automated PFD cell consists of two collaborative robots with specially designed grippers, that allow the robots to handle all the components and perform the quality controls. The cell contains specially designed racks for loading and unloading the pressure plates and frame plates. The second concept is a larger more complex solution with four industrial robots, and with a cycle time half as low as the first concept. Both cells contain the same developed key area concepts. The AHP suggests the second concept with respect to the weighting of the criteria from the stakeholders. The conclusion of this work is that there are opportunities to automate and improve the PFD process using robotics and automated quality controls. The presented concepts can help Alfa Laval meet the increasing demand for heat exchangers in an efficient and sustainable way. / På grund av den globala energikrisen ökar efterfrågan på värmeväxlare som minskar energiförbrukningen genom energiöverföring mellan medium. Alfa Laval är ett världsledande företag som bland annat tillverkar lödda värmeväxlare, där tillverkn-ingsprocessen för närvarande innefattar en delmonteringsprocess som kallas "Plastic Flange Deformation" (PFD). Den nuvarande PFD-processen utförs manuellt och är helt beroende av mänsklig närvaro. Den ökande efterfrågan på värmeväxlare skapar behovet av en mer effektiv och hållbar lösning för PFD-processen. För att möta kapacitetsökningen krävs en högre automatiseringsnivå. De viktigaste områdena att undersöka i denna avhandling är kvalitetskontroll och hantering av komponenter inom PFD-processen. Koncept för dessa områden kommer att utvecklas och två nya koncept för den automatiserade PFD-cellen kommer att presenteras. Metoden som används i denna avhandling är en kombination av Design Research Methodology (DRM) och Analytical Hierarchy Approach (AHP) för beslutsfattandet av de slutliga PFD-cell koncepten. De utvecklade koncepten för nyckelområdena valideras med fysiska prototyper eller virituellt genom hållfasthetsanalys. Resultaten visade att det finns olika lösningar och möjligheter för hantering av den stora variationen av komponenter inom PFD-processen. Kvalitetskontrollerna utförs med en kombination av visionsystem och aktuatorer. Det första konceptet för en automatiserad PFD-cell består av två kollaborativa robotar med speciellt utformade gripare som tillåter robotarna att hantera alla komponenter och utföra kvalitetskontroller. Cellen innehåller speciellt utformade stativ för lastning och avlastning av tryckplattor och stativplattor. Det andra konceptet är en större och mer komplex lösning med fyra industrirobotar och med en cykeltid som är häften så låg som det första konceptet. Båda cellerna innehåller samma utvecklade koncept för nyckelområdena. AHP föreslår det andra konceptet med hänsyn till viktningen av kriterierna från intressenterna. Slutsatsen av detta arbete är att det finns möjligheter att automatisera och förbättra PFD-processen med hjälp av robotteknik och automatiserade kvalitetskontroller. De presenterade koncepten kan hjälpa Alfa Laval att möta den ökande efterfrågan på värmeväxlare på ett effektivt och hållbart sätt.

Concept cartoons are a didactic tool, which are alike cartoons and address concepts and phenomena within the science subjects. The available Concept cartoons on the Swedish National Agency for Education's website are mainly aimed for pupils from 10 to 15 years old, however there are only a few for pupils from 7 to 9 years old. This study aims to describe and develop various aspects in a Concept cartoon to make primary school pupils' prior knowledge visible of a specific biological content. The method of the study is design research and has been used to develop a Concept cartoon for pupils in ages six to nine, based on data from audio recording and observation. Based on a Concept cartoon conversations were held and recorded together with groups up to three pupils. Through three design cycles, we have analyzed and developed a Concept Cartoon that will highlight the pupils' prior knowledge of bird survival. In the data, some visual and textual aspects can be distinguished that are significant for the students to be able to express their biological prior knowledge. The results from the study show that students in year two discuss and relate to the visual aspects before the textual aspects in a Concept cartoon. With the removal of details that do not refer to the biological content and the introduction of false statements, students direct a greater focus on the concept of the Concept cartoon and social learning occurs. / Concept cartoons är ett didaktiskt verktyg som efterliknar serieteckningar, samt tar upp begrepp och fenomen inom de naturvetenskapliga ämnena. Tillgängliga Concept cartoons på Skolverkets webbplats riktar sig främst till årskurs 4–9, och det finns bara ett få till årskurs 1–3. Den här studien syftar till att kartlägga och utveckla olika aspekter i en Concept cartoon för att synliggöra just lågstadieelevers förkunskaper om ett specifikt biologiskt innehåll. Studien har utgått från designforskning för att utveckla en Concept cartoon för åk 1–3 baserad på data från ljudinspelning och observation. Under studien spelades samtal in i grupper om 2–3 elever i årskurs två där samtal har förts tillsammans med eleverna utifrån en Concept cartoon. Genom tre designcykler har vi analyserat och utvecklat en Concept cartoon som ska framhäva elevernas förkunskaper om fåglars överlevnad. I data kan några visuella och textuella aspekter urskiljas som är betydelsefulla för att eleverna ska kunna uttrycka sina biologiska förkunskaper. Resultatet från studien visar att elever i årskurs två diskuterar och relaterar till de visuella aspekterna före de textuella aspekterna i en Concept cartoon. Med borttagning av detaljer som inte syftar till det biologiska innehållet och införandet av falska påståenden, riktar eleverna ett större fokus på konceptet för Concept cartoons och ett socialt lärande uppstår.

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Since the early 2000s, within the fields of Design and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) an emerging body of unconventional design work has exemplified and articulated alternative and oppositional functions of design. Examples of such functions include provocatively speculating about alternative futures (speculation), questioning the status quo (critique), and debating political issues (agonism). Prominent examples of alternative and oppositional design have originated within HCI. Others have been heavily discussed, adapted, and critiqued within HCI. Alternative and oppositional designs have been presented under various names: critical design, design fiction, adversarial design, reflective design, ludic design, speculative design… At this moment the list continues to grow while examples of such work proliferate. This work collectively demonstrates the potential for design to engage concerns and goals that pivot around themes of generating radical alternatives and creating productive political, cultural, and social opposition. This thesis argues that there is a body of unconventional design work that becomes cohesive and legible when held together by themes of oppositionality and alternatives, and operating throughout these designs is a technique which I term design resistance. This thesis presents two primary contributions. The first contribution is to isolate and elaborate resistance as a design technique at work across a range of alternative and oppositional designs. I articulate how design resistance works by analyzing a series of design exemplars drawn from HCI and adjacent areas of Design. The second contribution is to extend and refine the overarching technique of design resistance through two design case studies. These design case studies serve the dual function of offering additional insight into design resistance grounded in my own design practice while concretely demonstrating new knowledge relevant to specific domains and concerns within HCI, including sustainable energy consumption and critiques of digital consumer technologies. Together these contributions provide new knowledge for (1) understanding the rise of alternative and oppositional designs, the concerns they are working to engage, and the research gaps they are working to fill, and (2) how to practice alternative and oppositional forms of design using techniques of design resistance.

A primary goal of education is not only to inform but to transform learners. As instructors shift their focus from a one-size-fits-all emphasis on content delivery to a flexible, student-centered approach, questions of student engagement and student motivation become key. In many educational settings, instructors are faced with a classroom of students with varying, and often unknown, levels of motivation, ability, and commitment. Effectively addressing the educational needs of such a range of students often requires significant changes to traditional pedagogy. A recent pedagogical design that has been facilitated by the advent of easily accessible and low-cost multimedia technology is the “flipped classroom,” a course structure that asks students to view lectures prior to class and replaces the traditional in-class lecture with collaborative, problem-based instruction. The aim of the present study was to explore the experience of introducing a flipped curriculum into a LSAT (the nationally used entrance exam for admission to law school) preparation classroom. The study used a design research approach to investigate two iterations of the flipped curriculum across three courses. Quantitative and qualitative data were used to describe the experience of a flipped curriculum for both the instructor and the students. When compared to a traditional curriculum, results showed no significant effect on overall test score improvement, but students in the flipped courses did show greater improvement than those in a traditional course on one of the three LSAT section subscores. The results also showed that students in flipped courses had marginally lower overall attendance, greater classroom community, high levels of engagement, and moderately high belief in group effectiveness. / text

As a result of the increasing development in the field of Information Systems (IS) in the last decades, new concepts have appeared to serve specific requirements and needs (Smith 2010; Almarabeh and AbuAli 2010). E-government is one of these concepts, which appeared in 1993 (Silva 2006) to become one of the main tools for governments around the world to enhance the services provided by governments and their agencies (Atallah 2001). Investigating the literature shows that there are common issues in all e-government implementation projects which can be summarized as follows: 1) e-government implementation projects in their nature are vast, and usually their success is critical for the country. 2) As the factors affecting the success of the implementation vary from different perspectives such technical, human, and political perspectives, many overlaps and contradictions may appear while maintaining the success factors (West 2006). 3). Despite this verity in the perspectives, e-government implementation project in general should be treated as one unit, and success factors from all perspectives should be considered together in order to have a successful project (Cater et al. 2004). 4) The size of e-government projects and the complexity resulted from perspectives verity have created the need not only for identifying the success factors related to the process of e-government implementation, but also for creating frameworks for managing the implementation process (Chen et al. 2009). In this research, a holistic framework for e-government implementation that considers the complexity of having several perspectives affecting the implementation process during its stages is proposed. We claim that this would solve the expected conflicts that may appear while considering different success factors from different perspectives, and it is supposed to be in compliance with the environment’s situation. Approaching this problem would be an added value to the literature of e-government implementation and the literature of the IS field in general because the claimed holistic framework for e-government implementation is not addressed as an academic research. Also, targeting this problem is distinguished from the sort of problem that a government agency or its consultants would themselves be working on by being a generic framework that fits all countries’ situations, and by considering all perspectives rather than focusing only on delivering the project requirements. In order to achieve this, three artifacts are proposed in this research using Design Science discipline as guidelines for designing these artifacts which are: 1) designing a model represents the success factors for e-government implementation as extracted from the literature, 2) creating a framework for the success process of e-government implementation, and 3) designing a physical instantiation for part of the project of e-government implementation in Saudi Arabia in order to evaluate the proposed framework. The findings of evaluating the proposed framework show tangible improvements in the implementation progress. Because e-government implementation projects are influenced by their environment, the results of this evaluation can be generalized only to other environments similar to Saudi Arabia, and determining the applicability of the proposed framework to other regions is left to future researches.

People generate vast quantities of digital information as a product of their interactions with digital systems and with other people. As this information grows in scale and becomes increasingly distributed through different accounts, identities, and services, researchers have studied how best to develop tools to help people manage and derive meaning from it. Looking forward, these issues acquire new complexity when considered in the context of the information that is generated across one’s life or across generations. The long-term lens of a multigenerational timeframe elicits new questions about how people can engage with these heterogeneous collections of information and how future generations will manage and make sense of the information left behind by their ancestors. My prior work has examined how people perceive the role that systems will play in the long-term availability, management, and interpretation of digital information. This work demonstrates that while people certainly ascribe meaning to aspects of their digital information and believe that there is value held in their largely uncurated digital materials, it is not clear how or if that digital information will be transmitted, interpreted, or maintained by future generations. Furthermore, this work illustrates that there is a tension between the use of digital systems as ways of archiving content and sharing aspects of one’s life, and an uncertainty about the long term availability of the information shared through those services. Finally, this work illustrates the ways in which existing systems do not meet the needs of current users who are developing archives of their own digital information nor of future users who might try and derive meaning from information left behind by other people. Building on that earlier work, my dissertation work investigates how we can develop systems that foster engagement with lifetimes or generations of digital information in ways that are sensitive to how people define and communicate their identity and how they reflect on their life and experiences. For this work, I built a website that uses people’s Facebook data to ask them to reflect on the ways their life has changed over time. Participants’ experiences using this website illustrate the types of information that are and are not captured by digital systems. In addition, this work highlights the ways in which people engage with memories, artifacts, and experiences of people who have passed away and considers how digital systems and information can support those practices. I also interviewed participants about their experiences researching their family history, the ways in which they remember people who’ve passed away, and unresolved questions they have about the past. The findings from this aspect of the work contribute a better understanding of how digital systems, and the digital information people create over the course of their lives, intersect with the processes of death, dying, and remembrance.

Den här undersökningen i audiovisuella studier undersöker möjligheter att lättrörligt och resurssnålt producera reklamfilm för e-handeln. För att undersöka de möjligheterna och föreslå sätt att producera reklamfilm har en case-studie gjorts på ett svenskt glasbruk. Forskningsfrågan formulerades på följande sätt: Hur kan detaljhandelsföretag med e-handel snabbt och med begränsade resurser göra värdefull reklamfilm? De teorier undersökningen stödjer sig på är agila metoder, iterativitet, designteori samt ledarskap- och organisationsteorier. Metoden i undersökningen är Design Research Methodology, DRM, och har genomförts med fyra faser. Resultatet av undersökningen är en produktionsmodell som diskuterar möjligheter och förutsättningar för ett team att för en kund producera reklamfilm inom ramarna för en arbetsdag. Produktionsmodellen One Day Agile Production Model utvecklas i undersökningen och är ett förslag på ett supportverktyg som kan användas för lättrörlig och snabb reklamfilmproduktion

Denna designstudie inriktar sig på integrering av ett digitalt verktyg i en specifik undervisningskontext. Studien utgår från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv och fokus ligger således på undervisningssituationen som helhet. Sociala interaktioner i form av möten mellan elever, lärare och artefakter genomsyrade undersökningen. Enligt den cykliska process som karaktäriserar design research bearbetades systematiskt integreringen av det digitala verktyget Matteappen, med målet att skapa en undervisningssituation som främjar elevers utveckling av taluppfattning. Totalt genomfördes tre cykler bestående av planering, genomförande och analys för att utforma designprinciper och ramar anpassade till den specifika kontexten. Resultatet visar att integreringen av Matteappen bidrog positivt till elevernas inställning till matematikundervisningen. Det visar även att självständighet främjas och att effektiv individanpassning möjliggörs. I den aktuella kontexten fungerade integreringen bäst i samband med en möblering där eleverna satt i par. Graden av social interaktion visade sig ha stor betydelse. En viktig slutsats som kan dras är att Matteappen inte kan stå på egna ben i undervisningen utan måste integreras på ett didaktiskt genomtänkt sätt för att bidra till elevernas utveckling och lärande.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:04:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 4 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação apresenta uma proposta de um método para configuração e análise de Centrais de Atendimento ao usuário. O método é proposto visando atender às expectativas do usuário em relação à qualidade do serviço desejado, do ambiente do atendimento, do tempo desejado de espera, ao mesmo tempo que tenta obter, por meio de simulação computacional, resultados para indicadores de desempenho em relação ao tempo de espera, da ocupação do sistema, entre outros. O método utilizado é baseado em design research, estruturado em cinco fases: conhecimento do problema, tentativa de design, desenvolvimento do artefato, avaliação e conclusão. O método sugerido também consiste em cinco estágios: pesquisa para conhecer as expectativas dos usuários, desenho dos mapas de serviços a serem oferecidos, proposta de indicadores de desempenho, simulação dos cenários e proposta de configuração de central de atendimento. A tentativa, desenvolvimento e avaliação, isto é, a aplicação do método, foram realizados no Tribunal Regional F