A complexidade no desenvolvimento de projetos para edifícios de escritórios está relacionada a dificuldades na conciliação de interesses de empreendedores, projetistas, construtores e usuários finais, e a diversidade e especialização cada vez maiores das disciplinas envolvidas. A clareza quanto aos pontos que devem ser definidos, e quem deve defini-los, ainda na fase de concepção deste tipo de projeto, é fundamental para que o empreendimento apresente viabilidades técnica, construtiva e de negócio, e a gestão do processo do projeto deve ter domínio total destas questões nesta fase. A proposta deste trabalho é apresentar as informações críticas das diversas disciplinas, que devem ser definidas ainda na concepção da arquitetura, e sua correta seqüência de inserção no processo. Para tal, a metodologia adotada baseia-se em revisão bibliográfica e na realização de um estudo de caso, cujas condições de contorno são consideradas ímpares: a empresa contratante de projetos é uma incorporadora que tem o domínio das informações sobre as necessidades mercadológicas do produto, tem um corpo técnico que apresenta condições de avaliar e escolher soluções técnicas construtivas, e também é uma empresa de administração predial, ou seja, opera o funcionamento do edifício construído, resultando em decisões de projeto que realmente focam o custo do empreendimento em seu ciclo da vida, o que não ocorre freqüentemente no mercado brasileiro. Propõe-se o desenvolvimento de um fluxo de informações de projetos que indique a necessidade e a etapa de cada informação na fase de concepção do projeto, o que ajuda a esclarecer o correto papel de cada agente no processo e constitui uma ferramenta extremamente útil para a gestão de projetos. / The complexity in office buildings design development is related to difficulties in incorporating the interests of all the players involved (owners, designers, contractors and end-users) and to the increasing diversity of specialist designers. The clarity about key points definitions and who should make them, during the design conceptual phase, is imperative for technical, constructive and commercial feasibilities of the project itself, and design management must have complete control of these aspects. The aim is to investigate what critical information from several design subjects should be defined during this conceptual phase and its correct insertion sequence in the design process. In order to achieve this investigation, the research is based on the case study method, the studied object of which has distinctive conditions: the design team contractor is a real estate company that fully understands office building market needs, holds an experienced technical team to evaluate and select constructive solutions and, also, is a facility manager. Due to this, their design decisions actually focus on the project entire life cycle, which is not common in the Brazilian market. In conclusion, the development of an information flow is proposed, during the design conceptual phase, which indicates when each piece of information should be located in the design process, which is helpful to elucidate the correct function of each related player and to establish a useful tool for design management.

[pt] Dentre as diferentes formas que a moda tem para se manifestar, uma das mais expressivas é a indústria de vestuário. A despeito de sua essência mutável que busca constantemente a novidade, o produto de moda não tem conseguido ser diferente a ponto de revelar sua identidade através de seus atributos físicos. A partir da percepção de certa homogeneização do produto de moda, este trabalho busca trazer subsídios ao desenvolvimento de produtos diferenciados de moda através da criação de atributos físicos que reforcem a identidade do produto. Dentre vários recursos que podem ser utilizados, podem-se destacar os processos que inserem o artesanal na confecção industrial, resultando em peças únicas e construindo um contraponto ao excesso de industrialização, impessoalidade e repetição de modelos produzidos em escala unicamente industrial. Como uma ferramenta estratégica para a manutenção da competitividade através da diferenciação, a Gestão de Design utiliza as competências, conhecimentos e experiências da empresa a fim de possibilitar a contínua reinvenção de produtos e processos que coloquem a empresa numa posição de destaque no mercado. / [en] Apparel is one of fashion`s most expressive resources, and yet, in spite of its ever changing nature, the fashion product has not managed to achieve differentiation in a way that makes its physical attributes reveal its identity. Departing from a perception of a growing homogenization of fashion products, this study brings some insights for the development of differentiated fashion products through the use of physical attributes that reinforce a product`s identity. Among the several strategies to achieve this aim, we may emphasize the processes that promote the merging of handicraft production and apparel industry, thus yielding unique items and disrupting the pattern of excessively industrialized, repetitive and impersonal products. As a strategic tool to maintain competitive advantage through differentiation, Design Management exploits a company`s competence, knowledge and experience to continuously reinvent products and processes to achieve competitive positioning.

Design changes due to lack of constructability, cost overruns, delays and dissatisfied clients are but a few problems experienced in construction due to poor management of the design processes. Increased problems, challenges, demands and continuous criticism of the architectural profession has led to increased demand for research into the improvement of design processes. The aims of this research were to determine the adequacy of design management processes used by Eastern Cape (EC) architectural companies and compare these with the design management processes used in manufacturing in order to establish practices, theories, principles, technologies and deliverables that can be transferred from the manufacturing into the construction to improve efficiency of architectural design management. The quantitative research approach was implemented for this research, the questionnaire was designed to acquire primary, factual and attitudinal data from EC architectural companies and secondary data were acquired through a literature review. The results revealed that design management processes, continuous improvement philosophies, lean principles, and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) used by EC architectural companies are not similar to those used in manufacturing. Therefore EC architectural companies could increase their efficiency by adopting some of the design management processes, ICT, continuous improvement philosophies and lean principles originating from the manufacturing industry.

O objetivo principal desta tese é desenvolver um framework de formação e integração de indivíduos e equipes na gestão de design para empresas da indústria do vestuário, sustentado pelos conceitos de competências (competências individuais, coletivas e organizacionais). Para alcançar o objetivo geral, foram elaborados os objetivos específicos, que correspondem aos cinco artigos constituintes desta tese. O primeiro artigo tem como proposta identificar as competências e delinear como estas relacionam-se e articulam-se no âmbito da Gestão de Design, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, identificando inter-relações e conexões possíveis sobre o tema em questão bem como aspectos relacionados às competências e à gestão de design. O segundo visa propor um modelo conceitual que evidencie relações e conexões entre aspectos atrelados às competências individuais, coletivas e organizacionais na gestão de design. Já o terceiro artigo objetiva investigar o entendimento dos especialistas sobre competências em gestão de design, assim como as articulações e fatores intervenientes no contexto da indústria do vestuário da região sul do Brasil. Este artigo também apresenta como objetivo conhecer a estruturação das equipes de design e o relacionamento destas com a organização, identificando quem são os agentes participantes destas equipes. O quarto artigo visa a sistematizar o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos e seus envolvidos, identificando fases e atividades do profissional de design que são determinantes para a ocorrência da gestão de design no contexto analisado. Para finalizar, o quinto artigo tem como objetivo relacionar o modelo conceitual ao processo de desenvolvimento de produtos e suas fases bem como as atividades do profissional de design, resultando em um framework representativo da indústria do vestuário. Este artigo também objetiva avaliar a aplicabilidade do framework proposto para viabilidade e melhor estruturação da gestão de design em empresas da indústria do vestuário, pela ótica de especialistas do setor envolvidos com a gestão de design. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho tem caráter exploratório. Em um primeiro momento, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura, de natureza aplicada e, em um segundo momento, uma pesquisa qualitativa, a partir de um estudo multicaso, com realização de entrevistas em profundidade. Como resultado, foi desenvolvido um framework de formação e integração de indivíduos e equipes na gestão de design para empresas da indústria do vestuário, sustentado pelos conceitos de competências. / The main purpose of this thesis is to develop a framework for training and integration of individuals and teams in design management for companies in the apparel industry, supported by the concepts of competencies (individual, collective and organizational). In order to achieve it, specific purposes were developed, which correspond to the five constituent items of this thesis. The first article is to show how competencies relate and articulate within the Design Management, through a systematic literature review, identifying inter-relationships and connections possible on the subject in question as well as aspects related to competencies and design management. The second proposes a conceptual model that provides evidence about relationships and connections between aspects linked to individual, collective and organizational competencies in design management. The third article aims at investigate the understanding of experts on competencies in design management, as well as the joints and intervening factors in the context of apparel industry in southern Brazil. In addition, this paper presents the objective of ascertaining the structuring of design teams and the relationship of these with the organization, identifying who the participant agents of these teams are. The fourth article aims at systematize the product development process and its stakeholders, identifying determinant moments for the occurrence of design management in the analyzed context. Finally, the fifth paper aims at relate the conceptual model to the product development process and its determinant moments, resulting in a representative framework of the apparel industry. This article also aims at evaluate the applicability of the proposed framework for feasibility and better structuring of design management in companies in the apparel industry, from the perspective of industry experts involved with the design management. The methodology used in this study is exploratory. At first, a systematic literature review of applied nature was developed and, in a second phase, a qualitative research from a multi case study with in-depth interviews was conducted. As a result, we developed a framework for training and integration of individuals and teams in design management for companies in the apparel industry, supported by the concepts of competence.

The issue of design quality in construction projects has long been a major concern for designprofessionals (Gann et al. 2003). The emphasis on improvement of processes in constructionin order to manage or reduce “cost, time and waste” in projects, at times has led to concernsthat the design of a building could become a matter of less importance due to such processimproving measures (Gann et al. 2003, p.319) “Design Quality” in architecture andconstruction is an ambiguous and “dynamic concept” in relation to its context, continuouslygoing through changes (Rönn 2010, p.48; Slaughter 2004).Quality itself is related to value and multiple definitions of it (Rönn 2010). It is often possiblefor both people and professionals to feel and experience design quality in buildings ratherintuitively, but to frame it in a recognizable manner has always proved challenging (Rönn2010). Essentially, human behavior apart from being influenced by the physical environmentis also influenced by the social context existing within the physical environment (Vischer2008).These challenges further extend to judgement, assessment and measurement of design quality,and setting out the relevant criteria for them (Rönn 2010, Slaughter 2004). Therefore, it’sdifficult for building designers, to structure design solutions that could guarantee theachievement of such ambiguous concept (Rönn 2010). / Frågan om designkvalitet i byggprojekt har länge varit ett stort bekymmer för designers (Gannet al. 2003). Betoningen på förbättring av processer inom konstruktion för att hantera ellerminska ”kostnad, tid och slöseri” i projekt har ibland lett till en oro för att utformning ochdesign av en byggnad kan bli av mindre betydelse på grund av sådana processförbättrandeåtgärder (Gann et al. 2003, p.319) ”Designkvalité” i arkitektur och konstruktion är ett tvetydigtoch ”dynamiskt koncept” i förhållande till sitt sammanhang, som ständigt genomgårförändringar (Rönn 2010, s.48; Slaughter 2004).Kvalité i sig är relaterad till värde och flera definitioner av det (Rönn 2010). Det är ofta möjligtför både människor och yrkesverksamma att känna och uppleva designkvalité i byggnaderganska intuitivt, men att rama in den på ett igenkännbart sätt har visat sig utmanande (Rönn2010). I huvudsak påverkas det mänskliga beteendet utöver den fysiska miljön även av densociala kontexten som finns inom den fysiska miljön (Vischer 2008).Dessa utmaningar sträcker sig vidare till bedömning, värdering och mätning av designkvalitéeroch fastställande av relevanta kriterier för dem (Rönn 2010, Slaughter 2004). Därför är detsvårt för byggnadsdesigners att konstruera designlösningar som garanterat kan uppnå ett sådanttvetydigt koncept (Rönn 2010).

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Tjänster är en växande marknad där bemanningsföretagen har fått en ökad betydelse bland annat beroende av marknadens höga krav på tillgänglighet och flexibilitet. I dagens samhälle är det viktigt att produkter och tjänster inte bara fyller en funktion utan också uttrycker och förmedlar rätt budskap till intressenterna. Design har därför fått en allt viktigare funktion inom företag som vill utmärka och särskilja sig. För att frambringa ett starkt och trovärdigt varumärke som differentierar sig gentemot konkurrenterna, borde skapandet av varumärket inkluderas i en designstrategi där kvaliteten på designen är väsentlig. Studien syftar till att skapa en tydligare bild om och på vilket sätt ett tjänsteföretag arbetar med designstrategi i en förändringsprocess och hur de når ut till målgruppen. Urvalet för denna studie är tjänsteföretaget Academic Work, kommunikationsbyrån Naked, som företaget har tagit hjälp av i framtagandet av det nya konceptet, och slutligen en av företagets utvalda målgrupper, studenter. Genomförandet av denna studie bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med Academic Work och Naked samt en kvantitativ enkätundersökning med målgruppen studenter. De viktigaste slutsatserna från studien är att Academic Work: Inte har en entydig och självklar syn på designstrategi utifrån en förändringsprocess. Inte uttalat varit medvetna om att design har betydelse när de skulle se över sin marknadsföring och kommunikationsplattform, och är inte, eller i vart fall i ringa ut-sträckning, medvetna om designstrategins betydelse. Anlitat externa konsulter för att få hjälp med förändringsprocessen och de har därigenom implementerat design och designstrategi i processen. Förutom slutsatserna kring Academic Work har även följande slutsatser dragits: Det är viktigt med en tydlig kommunikation mellan företaget och externa konsulter för att stärka företagets varumärke och värden. Enkätundersökningen visar på att företaget nått ut till ekonomer i större grad än till humanister. Studenterna beskriver Academic Work utifrån givna påståenden som: seriösa, intressanta, vägvisande, karriär och arbete. / Services are a growing market where agencies have taken on increased importance, partly because of the market's higher demands on availability and flexibility. It’s important today that products and services not only fulfill a function, they also need to express and convey the right message to the consumers. Therefore has design got an increasingly important role in companies. To generate a strong and credible brand that differentiates itself from competitors, a distinctive design and developed design strategy is necessary. The study aims to create a picture on whether and how a service company works with design strategy in a process of change and how the target group conceives the new design. This study is based in the service company Academic Work changed design, the communications agency Naked who helped them and one of Academic Works target groups, students. Information from above is given via qualitative interviews with Academic Work and Naked and a quantitative survey that students have filled in. The main conclusions of this study are that Academic Work: Not have a clear and obvious approach to the design strategy based on a process of change. Not explicitly been aware that the design has a meaning when they would review their marketing and communications platform, and is not or at least to a limited extent, aware of the importance of the strategy design. Used external experts, Naked, for help with the change process, have implemented the design and design strategy in the process. In addition to conclusions about Academic Work have also the following conclusions been made:  Communication between the company and external experts is important regarding companies brand and their values. The survey shows that the company has primarily reached out to economists in greater degree than the humanists. Students describe Academic Work, from given statements, as: genuine, interesting, pioneering, career and work.

Recent years has seen a significant drive away from traditional procurement routes with contractors finding themselves with an increasing responsibility for control of design - a process they have had little experience in managing. They now have to adapt accordingly. The learning curve is steep, not least because many projects must now be delivered fast track while co-ordinating increasingly complex fabric and content of buildings without a platform of accepted good practice to manage the design process. This is a major factor preventing the UK construction industry from delivering projects on time, to budget and to the specified quality. There is a need to educate an increasing number of people in design management techniques to equip them to manage today's fast moving and demanding projects. However, many current design management tools are insufficiently developed for industry application. Therefore, to improve design management in the industry, current techniques must be modified to align them with the needs of the modern design manager. This research has developed and tested a training initiative aimed at improving design management practice within a major UK Design and Construct Contractor. It comprises a Design Management Handbook, Design Management Training, Team Support and Project Monitoring. The Design Management Handbook is the core of the training initiative. It addresses critical aspects of design management practice and provides design management tools. Training provides guidance to project teams on the tools and practices. In Team Support project teams are supported in the implementation of the new practices and tools to help embed new ways of working in company practice. Project Monitoring establishes the impact of the new practices on project performance to demonstrate that they are working and thus reinforce change. To establish the training initiative's effectiveness and key findings, the impact of the initiative on design management performance has been explored. The research has established which practices and tools were used, which were not, as well as an understanding the applicability and performance of each Handbook practice and tool. From this, barriers to implementing new design management tools in industry were identified and strategies developed in order to overcome such barriers.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-03-21T00:34:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 00000740.pdf: 1980084 bytes, checksum: 225c934ee7c428947b520fc116b828fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-21T00:34:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 00000740.pdf: 1980084 bytes, checksum: 225c934ee7c428947b520fc116b828fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-03 / Nenhuma / A Gestão de Design tem recebido atenção da academia e vem sendo delineada como uma nova área de atuação em ambientes de produção, como meio para sustentar inovações, diferenciar produtos em relação à concorrência e gerar oportunidades de ganhos, contribuindo para melhorar o desempenho empresarial. A Gestão de Design explora a integração de diferentes atividades em um processo interdisciplinar que influencia a estratégia da organização, pensando e concebendo formas alternativas para gerar soluções inovadoras e sustentáveis. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a Gestão de Design nas empresas brasileiras embasado em uma análise quantitativa a partir de um a população de 43 empresas brasileiras identificadas por excelência em design. Para dar suporte à pesquisa os principais aspectos que envolvem a Gestão de Design foram identificados por meio de uma revisão teórica dos conceitos associados a essa temática. A revisão permitiu elencar hipóteses a serem testadas, associadas a constructos representativos da Gestão de Design. O método utilizado foi o levantamento (survey) e os dados coletados foram submetidos a análises estatísticas, que permitiram a validação das hipóteses construídas para a população estudada. O estudo indica que as empresas que têm se destacado em design alcançaram um nível de maturidade em relação ao tema e percebem a importância da Gestão de Design para a empresa não necessariamente em função de seu porte ou tempo de mercado. / The Design Management has received attention from academia and has been outlined as a new area in production environments as a means to support innovation, differentiate products from competitors and generate revenue opportunities, contributing to improve business performance. The Design Management explores the integration of different activities in an interdisciplinary process that influences the organization's strategy, creating and developing alternative ways to generate innovative and sustainable solutions. The objective of this research is to analyze the Design Management in Brazilian companies based on aquantitative analysis from a population of 43 Brazilian companies identified for the excellence in design. To support the research the main aspects involved in the Design Management were identified through a review of theoretical concepts associated with this theme. The review helped to identify hypotheses to be tested, associated with constructs representative of Design Management. The method use dwas a survey and the data collected were subjected to statistical analysis, which allowed the validation of the hypotheses for this population. The study indicates that companies that have gained notoriety in design have achieved a level of maturity over the issue and have realized that the importance of Design Management for the company is not necessarily a function of size or time in the market.