In this century and the last, serious efforts have been made to digitize the content housed by libraries across the world. In order to open up these volumes to content-based information retrieval, independent elements such as headlines, body text, bylines, images and captions ideally need to be connected semantically as article-level units. To query on facets such as author, section, content type or other metadata, further processing of these documents is required. Even though humans have shown exceptional ability to segment different types of elements into related components, even in languages foreign to them, this task has proven difficult for computers. The challenge of semantic segmentation in newspapers lies in the diversity of the medium: Newspapers have vastly different layouts, covering diverse content, from news articles to ads to weather reports. State-of-the-art object detection and segmentation models have been trained to detect and segment real-world objects. It is not clear whether these architectures can perform equally well when applied to scanned images of printed text. In the domain of newspapers, in addition to the images themselves, we have access to textual information through Optical Character Recognition. The recent progress made in the field of instance segmentation of real-world objects using deep learning techniques begs the question: Can the same methodology be applied in the domain of newspaper articles? In this thesis we investigate one possible approach to encode the textual signal into the image in an attempt to improve performance. Based on newspapers from the National Library of Sweden, we investigate the predictive power of visual and textual features and their capacity to generalize across different typographic designs. Results show impressive mean Average Precision scores (>0:9) for test sets sampled from the same newspaper designs as the training data when using only the image modality. / I detta och det förra århundradet har kraftiga åtaganden gjorts för att digitalisera traditionellt medieinnehåll som tidigare endast tryckts i pappersformat. För att kunna stödja sökningar och fasetter i detta innehåll krävs bearbetning påsemantisk nivå, det vill säga att innehållet styckas upp påartikelnivå, istället för per sida. Trots att människor har lätt att dela upp innehåll påsemantisk nivå, även påett främmande språk, fortsätter arbetet för automatisering av denna uppgift. Utmaningen i att segmentera nyhetsartiklar återfinns i mångfalden av utseende och format. Innehållet är även detta mångfaldigt, där man återfinner allt ifrån faktamässiga artiklar, till debatter, listor av fakta och upplysningar, reklam och väder bland annat. Stora framsteg har gjorts inom djupinlärning just för objektdetektering och semantisk segmentering bara de senaste årtiondet. Frågan vi ställer oss är: Kan samma metodik appliceras inom domänen nyhetsartiklar? Dessa modeller är skapta för att klassificera världsliga ting. I denna domän har vi tillgång till texten och dess koordinater via en potentiellt bristfällig optisk teckenigenkänning. Vi undersöker ett sätt att utnyttja denna textinformation i ett försök att förbättra resultatet i denna specifika domän. Baserat pådata från Kungliga Biblioteket undersöker vi hur väl denna metod lämpar sig för uppstyckandet av innehåll i tidningar längsmed tidsperioder där designen förändrar sig markant. Resultaten visar att Mask R-CNN lämpar sig väl för användning inom domänen nyhetsartikelsegmentering, även utan texten som input till modellen.

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Our whole society is affected by the digitisation process. The policies of the Swedish government encourage the cultural heritage organizations to strategically develop the digitisation of their collections. These strategies often aim to make the collections more accessible but there is not much research about how researchers who have use of the digital information meet with the digital collections. The intention of this thesis is to study four researchers in the field of humanities who have textile objects as source material, and their professional experience of the digitisation of the cultural heritage. The researchers were interviewed in a semi-structured qualitative way, and the interviews were recorded and transcribed for analyzation of the data collected.  The main result of the study is that the digital access of research material represents an improvement of their work when it comes to getting a quick and easy overview of their research subject which also represent a chance to improve the research quality by being able to compare and search for similar objects all over the world without having to travel to the collections. It has also become cheaper because of less travelling. Being able to take digital photos is also a big improvement compared to analogue photographs that are expensive and takes time to develop. One negative aspect that the study shows, is that the information in digital collections often lacks the quality that the researchers need, for example close-up pictures or relevant and reliable metadata. The researchers also experience an uncertainty in how to use the digital tools and computer programs in an effectively way and expresses a need for more knowledge about the different IT-systems. This thesis shows that the research topics seem to change due to the digitisation, partly because of the technological possibilities that new methods offers. Digital humanities points to this as a possibility to develop the research in the field of humanities and explore new areas that cannot be done without the digital methods.

Technology has allowed for the ability to create online platforms for sources ofreliable and unreliable news media. It is therefore important to understand the roleand relevance of alternative news media today and how disinformation is spreadonline. In this paper, we will examine the role of alternative news media websites inSweden and how it compares to the mainstream media websites spread of informationduring the coverage of the Covid-19 pandemic. We will also explore what thedifference is in their portrayal of events during the coronavirus, and what makes thisdifference appealing to certain readers. Using Google, we searched the top ten articlesfrom four online media news sources. Two of which sources were mainstream mediasources and the other two sources as alternative media. These articles were searchedfor during a specific timeframe and with the keywords such as “Corona” and “Covid19”. The dates for the timeframe of this experiment come from when the coronavirusbroke out in Sweden to one year after the event occurred. The top ten search resultsfrom each news source, as provided to us by Google’s algorithm, were placedthrough a text analysis tool called Voyant. The data findings are presented in threeformats: a Word Cloud, TermsBerry and Distinctive Words Comparison. The resultsof the experiment show a stark contrast in the difference in reporting on thecoronavirus topic between different online newspaper media, specifically alternativemedia news sources. Further research is recommended on a larger scale within thetopic of online alternative media.

Ce mémoire consiste en la création d’un atlas numérique de l’architecture publique en France dans la première moitié du XIXème siècle. Le Conseil des bâtiments civils, institution publique chargée de l’architecture publique après la révolution, avait pour tâche de bâtir la République. Ainsi, le projet architectural est chargé d’une fonction symbolique, l’inscription du pouvoir dans l’espace, ainsi que d’une fonction de contrôle de l’espace public. La rationalisation et la codification de la pratique architecturale, ainsi qu’une pensée structurée par le développement de la cartographie et de la statistique, émergent afin de bâtir un territoire à l’image de ce nouvel Etat-nation. Issue du dépouillement analytique des procès-verbaux des séances du Conseil entre 1795 et 1840, la base de données CONBAVIL présente l’opportunité de traiter l’OEuvre du Conseil à travers une approche spatiale et quantitative alliant territoire, savoir et pouvoir. Suite à une analyse critique critique de son contenu, l’éditorialisation de CONBAVIL prend la forme d’une application web. Il s’agit d’un outil de recherche cartographiant et visualisant les données avec la librairie de code D3.js. L’exploitation de multiples formes de représentation, dont l’interactivité décuple le potentiel analytique, permet de faire émerger de nouvelles connaissances sur les pratiques et les politiques architecturales de cette institution. La dimension numérique de l’atlas habilite une exploration visuelle, pluridimensionnelle et hyperliée des données CONBAVIL, jusqu’à présent accessibles uniquement à travers des fiches statiques et via un formulaire. Ainsi, il s’agit d’explorer le potentiel de l’éditorialisation d’une base de données en un atlas numérique pour la production d’une épistémologie visuelle en histoire de l’art. / This master's thesis entails in the creation of a digital atlas of public architecture in France during the first half of the XIXth century. The Council of Civil Buildings, the public institution in charge of civil architecture after the revolution, had as aim to build the Republic. Thus, their architectural project takes on a symbolic function, the inscription of power into space, as well as the function to control the public space. A rationalisation and codification of the architectural practice, as well a mindset structured by the advancements in cartography and statistics, form in order to build a territory mirroring the new nation-state. Derived from the analysis of the Coucil’s sessions’ reports between 1795 and 1840, the CONBAVIL database presents the opportunity to study Council’s work through a spatial and quantitative approach uniting territory, knowledge, and power. After a critical analysis of its contents, the editorialisation of CONBAVIL takes the shape of as a web application. This research tool maps and visualizes this data using the D3.js code library. The multiple forms of representation, whose interactivity multiply their analytical potential, aim to reveal a new understanding of the political and architectural doings of the Council of Civil Buildings. The digital dimension of the atlas will allow a visual, multidimensional and hyperlinked explora-tion of the CONBAVIL data, until now only accessible through a form and as static records. Thus this research explores the potential of editorialising a database into a digital atlas for a visual epistemology in art history.

This thesis presents a case study conducted at the Museum of Ethnography in Stockholm, focusing on the digital tools and implementations within the exhibitions of the museum. It aims to explore the perspectives and interactions on digital tools and implementations of both museum employees, and visitors, examining the potential discrepancies that may arise. The study falls within the field of Digital Humanities, with a specific emphasis on the impact of new museology and digital applications within cultural heritage institutions. To establish a comprehensive understanding of the subject, varying ethnographic methodologies are employed. Interviews have been conducted with employees at the museum to investigate their understanding and planning regarding the use of digital tools and implementations in their exhibitions. Additionally, interviews with visitors as well as on-site observations were conducted to provide insight into visitor experiences and interactions with the digital tools and implementations. Lastly, one participatory observation during a tour of an upcoming exhibition was performed to add perspective from the professionals of the museum. The findings reveal that digital tools and implementations are highly regarded as invaluable assets by the Museum of Ethnography. However, the thesis finds that the diverse professional backgrounds within the museum staff adds complexity to understanding the digital tools and implementations, which affects the staff’s ability to find harmonious solutions for problems of accessibility of the tools. Visitors tend to find direct interactions, such as games or educational movies, more accessible and easier to engage with, while immersive sounds and projections may go unnoticed. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge in Digital Humanities by expanding the knowledge about the effective utilization of digital tools and implementations in cultural heritage museums, through this case study. It serves as a guide for other GLAM institutions, offering new diverse perspectives of both museum professionals and visitors.

The musiXplora is an interactive and multimodal tool for the domain of musicology, developed in a collaborative and interdisciplinary fashion. It serves as a research environment that, on the one hand, links large data collections on musicians, musical instruments, events and more, and, on the other hand, offers a set of visualizations which allow users to explore and analyze these data sets comprehensively. In this paper, we discuss our recent work to emphasize the relevance of geovisualizations in the musicological domain and provide detailed insights into how the musiXplora can be used to address geospatial research questions. We introduce two distinct use cases and discuss how musicologists can use the musiXplora’s geovisualizations as distant-reading tools. Thereby we demonstrate how the musiXplora can contribute to the confirmation of existing hypotheses and to the formulation of new ones.

Sonification allows for the analysis and interpretation of data through its rendering into sound. It is a method that remains largely unexplored from a digital humanities perspective. The present thesis addresses this research gap by exploring aspects of sonification as a mode of data perceptualization. Methodologically, it combines an extensive review of sonification literature with the design of a sonification prototype. The prototype is created using an exploratory programming approach and is evaluated through a small user study. One of the main challenges of using sonification within the humanities consists in aligning it with humanistic interpretative and critical modes of inquiry, in the thesis understood through the framework of Johanna Drucker’s critical hermeneutics. Another challenge is related to the shortage of existing projects and previous research, and also to a lack of relatively easy-to-use sonification tools. In the thesis, these challenges are primarily made visible through the process of prototype design and through the subsequent user study. Nevertheless, the literature review successfully uncovers a number of potential strategies for the realization of humanistic-interpretative sonification design, focusing especially on the concepts of phenomenology of listening and musical sonification. By applying musical sonification, it becomes possible to move beyond the simple representation of data, allowing instead for interpretative approaches. The findings presented in the thesis provide foundations for future research into humanities sonification.

Einleitung. Vielfalt und Integration – das sind die Schlagworte, in denen wir meinen, das Schaffen und Denken von Elisabeth Burr angemessen bündeln zu können. Ihr zu Ehren und anlässlich ihres Ausscheidens als ordentliches Mitglied einer Universität ist diese Festschrift entstanden, an der sich ehemalige und aktuelle Kolleginnen und Kollegen, Weggefährtinnen und Weggefährten, Schüler und Schülerinnen beteiligt haben.