Ex-dag är benämningen på dagen när en aktie inte längre handlas med rätt till utdelning. Följaktligen justeras aktiepriset nedåt som en konsekvens av att rätten till utdelning försvinner. Enligt den effektiva marknadshypotesen (Fama, 1970) borde storleken på prisjusteringen och utdelningen återspegla varandra. När aktiepriset sjunker mindre än storleken på utdelningen uppstår en möjlighet till överavkastning, detta fenomen kallas för ex-dagseffekten. I litteraturen råder konsensus om att ex-dagseffekten är förekommande både i Sverige såväl som internationellt, däremot ges olika svar på vad som bäst förklarar orsakerna bakom fenomenet. I denna studie undersöks förekomsten av ex-dagseffekten mellan 2018–2022 genom att implementera och bygga vidare på Elton och Grubers (1970) metodologi. Vidare utvecklas redan existerande förklaringsmodeller genom att beakta free float som en potentiellt signifikant variabel. Vi resonerar att andelen fritt omsättningsbara aktier, free float, bär relevans i ett ex-dagssammanhang eftersom måttet påverkar bland annat likviditet och handelsaktivitet samt ger en indikation om ägarstrukturen. För att studera sambandet mellan free float och ex-dagseffekten genomförs en regressionsanalys med kontrollvariabler. Studiens resultat visar att det förekommer en signifikant ex-dagseffekt under mätperioden, i genomsnitt justeras aktiepriserna motsvarande 77,3% av utdelningen. Däremot ges inget signifikant stöd för det hypotiserade sambandet mellan ex-dagseffekt och free float, datan från regressionen visar att endast en liten del av variationen i ex-dagseffekt kan förklaras utifrån andel free float.

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As a result of deinstitutionalization in the 1960s and 1970s, a great many chronically mentally ill psychiatric patients were released into an ill-prepared community. One of the major problems facing the discharged patient is housing. This thesis focuses on the housing situation and experience of the chronically mentally ill, which is recognized as one of several sets of interrelated environmental factors affecting their ability to cope in the community. The housing situations of a sample of 66 chronically mentally ill individuals in Hamilton were examined by way of cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data collected as part of a larger study of the community environment factors affecting the quality of everyday life among the chronically mentally ill. The specific objectives of the research were: (a) a description of the housing experience of the chronically mentally ill in Hamilton; ( b ) an analysis of the residential mobility of the research sample; (c) a description of the expressed housing need of the chronically mentally ill individual in the community; and, (d) a comparison of the need expressed by the sample with the normative housing need espoused in the literature in order to gauge the 'fit' between the two. The data show the sample clustered in the inner-city of Hamilton in lodging-home types of accommodation. An analysis of residential mobility reveals two trends. First, the sample have little control over their living situation. Second, there are two sub-groups within the sample: one which is relatively residential l y stable and one which is excessively mobile. A logit analysis shows the factors affecting mobility to be level of education and preference for an independent living situation. Knowledge of these factors could aid in the task of matching client needs to appropriate living situations. An analysis of the expressed housing need of the sample reveals that the long-term housing goal expressed by the sample is not dissimilar to the normative housing need defined in the literature: independent community living. However, there appear to be substantive infrastructural ) and procedural (lack of advocacy housing placement) gaps between the housing need as defined and the current housing stock. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

The Swedish society is characterized by an increasingly extensive criminality. Research shows that the possibility of earning a living through work is something that reduces the risk of committing criminal acts, but despite this, there are difficulties for ex-criminals regarding the possibility of obtaining a job. The purpose of the study is to increase understanding of the work with ex-criminals' transition from crime to employment and how a career guidance counselor can respond to the target group in a beneficial way. The study aims to answer which factors in ex-criminals' transition from crime to employment may be beneficial for career guidance counselors to know, as well as how career guidance counselors with knowledge of these factors can promote ex-criminals' transition. In order to investigate ex-criminals' transition from crime to employment, we have chosen to use a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews. The selection consists of six professionals who work with ex-criminals in various ways. The results of the study show that ex-criminals' low self-esteem and insecurities regarding managing a job on the regular labor market are central factors in the transition from crime to employment. For career guidance counselors, a significant part of the work with ex-criminals involves increasing their motivation to achieve the goal of a job. It is about building up the individuals' self-esteem and countering their insecurities.

Yes / In the study of microbial keratitis, in vivo animal models often require a large number of animals, and in vitro monolayer cell culture does not maintain the three-dimensional structure of the tissues or cell-to-cell communication of in vivo models. Here, we propose reproducible ex vivo models of single- and dual-infection keratitis as an alternative to in vivo and in vitro models. / Wellcome Trust

Yes / Understanding skin metabolism is key to improve in vitro to in vivo extrapolations used to inform risk assessments of topically applied products. However, published literature is scarce and usually covers a limited and non-representative number of donors. We developed a protocol to handle and store ex vivo skin samples post-surgery and prepare skin S9 fractions to measure the metabolic activity of Phase II enzymes. Preincubation of an excess of cofactors at 37 °C for fifteen minutes in the S9 before introduction of the testing probe, greatly increased the stability of the enzymes. Using this standardised assay, the rates of sulphation (SULT) and glucuronidation (UGT) of 7-hydroxycoumarin, methylation (COMT) of dopamine and N-acetylation (NAT) of procainamide were measured in the ng/mg protein/h (converted to ng/cm2/h) range in eighty-seven individuals. Glutathione conjugation (GST) of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene was assessed in a smaller pool of fifty donors; the metabolic rate was much faster and measured over six minutes using a different methodology to express rates in μg/mg protein/min (converted to μg/cm2/min). A comprehensive statistical analysis of these results was carried out, separating donors by age, gender and metabolic rate measured.

Die sehr negativen Prognosen zur Beschäftigungswirkung der Einführung des Mindestlohns in Deutschland hätten sich nicht bewahrheitet, schrieben Oliver Bruttel, Arne Baumann und Matthias Dütsch in den PWP 3/2019. Andreas Knabe, Ronnie Schöb und Marcel Thum halten dem in diesem Beitrag entgegen, dass sich Prognosen und tatsächliche Beschäftigungswirkungen des Mindestlohns gar nicht wesentlich unterschieden. Zum einen hätten sich die Beschäftigungsverluste bisher stark in einer Reduktion der Zahl der Arbeitsstunden je Beschäftigten niedergeschlagen. Zum anderen erhielten weiterhin viele Arbeitnehmer weniger als den Mindestlohn, was die bislang messbaren negativen Beschäftigungswirkungen mindere.

Föreliggande studie undersökte uppfattningar och prevalens av utsatthet för ex-partner stalkning bland universitetsstudenter. Det undersöktes om det fanns skillnader mellan unga män och kvinnor i uppfattningen om stalkning utförd av en ex-partner och hur denna uppfattning relaterar till tidigare utsatthet. En enkät, bestående av ett script och en lista av stalkning-relaterade beteenden, besvarades av 508 respondenter varav 195 var män och 313 var kvinnor mellan åldrarna 19-29 (M = 22,7 , SD = 2,3). Resultaten visade att 168 (33,1 %) respondenter blivit utsatta för ex-partner stalkning. Vidare visade resultaten att kvinnor uppfattade att det var mer troligt att stalkning skulle förekomma i jämförelse med män i samtliga fortsättningar till berättelsen i scriptet. De respondenter som blivit utsatta för ex-partner stalkning uppfattade den utsatta i scriptet som ansvarig för sin egen utsatthet i större utsträckning än de som inte blivit utsatta. Dessa resultat betonar vikten av ökad kunskap och förståelse som kan ligga till grund för förebyggande insatser samt efterföljande stöd. / The present study examined the perceptions and prevalence of ex-partner stalking among university students. It examined whether there were differences between young men and women in the perception of ex-partner stalking and how this perception is related to prior victimization. 508 respondents, of whom 195 were men and 313 were women between the ages of 19-29 (M = 22,7, SD = 2,3), answered a questionnaire, consisting of a script and a list of stalking-related behaviors. The results indicated that 168 (33.1%) respondents had prior experience with ex-partner stalking. Furthermore, the results showed that women perceived that it was more likely that stalking would occur compared to men in all continuations of the narrative in the script. The respondents who had prior experience with ex-partner stalking perceived the victim in the script as being responsible for their own victimization to a greater extent than those who did not have prior experience. These results emphasize the importance of increased knowledge and understanding, which can form the basis for preventive measures and subsequent support.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-06-01T18:03:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WDSON CESAR FREIRE DE MELO.pdf: 2321898 bytes, checksum: 9add69769d792a14a64bbd6f786eb1c3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:03:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WDSON CESAR FREIRE DE MELO.pdf: 2321898 bytes, checksum: 9add69769d792a14a64bbd6f786eb1c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-14 / This work has as its theme the study of ex-votes offered to the Divine Eternal Father of Trinity in the first half of the twentieth century and its relations with popular religiosity. Former vows are objects offered to the saints as a form of thanksgiving for a miracle achieved. We have identified votive expressions as a source capable of revealing aspects of the social reality of devotions. Used as a form of recognition for the cure of a disease, ex-votes represent the aggressions suffered by the body in the society of Goiás. Popular devotion reveals the important role that miracles have in everyday life: the healing of an animal, protection against domestic and work-related accidents, and assistance with sorcery. Despite ecclesiastical efforts to Christianize popular belief in the miracle, ex-votes had delicate and difficult limits to demarcate between the sacred and the profane. / Este trabalho tem como tema o estudo dos ex votos ofertados ao Divino Pai Eterno de Trindade na primeira metade do século XX e suas relações com a religiosidade popular. Os ex-votos são objetos ofertados aos santos como forma de agradecimento por um milagre alcançado. Identificamos as expressões votivas como uma fonte capaz de revelar aspectos da realidade social das devoções. Utilizados como forma de reconhecimento pela cura de uma doença, os ex-votos representam as agressões sofridas pelo corpo na sociedade goiana. A devoção popular revela o importante papel que os milagres possuem no cotidiano: a cura de um animal, a proteção contra os acidentes domésticos e no trabalho, a assistência contra os sortilégios. Apesar dos esforços eclesiásticos em cristianizar a crença popular no milagre, os ex-votos tinham limites delicados e difíceis de demarcar entre o sagrado e o profano.