The purpose of this study is to visualize similarities and differences in how preschool teachers work with environmental issues at preschools in country-sides and cities. I want to examine in what way preschool teachers experience and interest effect their environmental work. My method for this study is a web survey that was sent out to preschool teachers at different counties in Sweden and a total of 51 preschool teachers answered the survey. The results showed that there are some similarities and differences between the country-side and city. The proximity to nature area is important to how and what preschool teachers work and teach about. Preschool teachers worked in similar ways to get children to participate in environmental work and the educational tools that they used in their teaching. The study also showed that preschool teachers interest in environmental issues is of great importance to how they appreciate their knowledge and skills. Most preschool teachers in the different areas haven’t been offered or have had any education in environmental issues.

This study aims to examine the area of the watershed Arroio Três Negrinhos located in Ijuí/RS that was included with the execution of an environmental recovery project. This project was executed in the period of 1988 to 1992. It attended the decree number 94076 of March 1987, by the Federal Government, which created the Watersheds National Plan, which provided for the improvement of working areas of watersheds by implementing techniques that improve the natural space. Environmental issues were the main focus of the project due to environment degradation that occurred in rural areas. For this project execution some public and private entities in Ijuí have teamed up to run it. They were four years of performed work in the area of watershed and several targets adopted. It is intended to verify through the research which results the project brought to farmers living in the area of watershed, as well as analyze what farmers preserve and what they are doing after the project´s first steps and how it is nowadays. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a área da microbacia hidrográfica do arroio Três Negrinhos, localizada no município de Ijuí/RS, a qual foi contemplada com a realização de um projeto de recuperação ambiental. Este projeto foi executado no período de 1988 a 1992, e atendia o Decreto Federal de número 94.076 de março de 1987, do Governo Federal, que criou o Plano Nacional de Microbacias Hidrográficas, com objetivo de melhoramento das áreas das microbacias hidrográficas, através da implantação de técnicas que melhorassem o espaço natural. As questões ambientais eram o foco principal do projeto, devido à degradação ambiental no meio rural. Para que a execução do projeto ocorresse algumas entidades públicas e privadas do município de Ijuí se uniram para executálo. Foram quatro anos de trabalho executado na área da microbacia e, várias metas implementadas. Pretende-se através da pesquisa, verificar quais os resultados que o projeto trouxe para os agricultores residentes na área da microbacia, bem como analisar o que os agricultores preservam e deram continuidade do que foi trabalhado no projeto, e ainda quais as condições ambientais que se encontra a microbacia hidrográfica.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:31:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dionisiofilho_jl_me_rcla.pdf: 2313603 bytes, checksum: 2b8373937334e2e1786eee91d47ed688 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa analisa a inserção da temática ambiental nos Programa de Governo para a Presidência da República do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), os quais foram elaborados como diretrizes políticas e ideológicas, durante suas campanhas nas eleições ocorridas no Brasil nos anos de 1989, 1994, 1998, 2002 e 2006. A pesquisa empreende, portanto, a análise de um recorte determinado: investigar e identificar as concepções relativas á temática ambiental, expressas nos Programas de Governo, de um determinado partido político brasileiro, elaborados no decorrer de vinte sete anos da sua existência como instituição política, atuante e organizada, em diferentes contextos históricos e processos eleitorais. No estudo apresentado, tomamos como “princípio”, que para analisarmos a temática ambiental, sob qualquer perspectiva no tempo presente, faz-se imprescindível um amplo referencial que abarque ao máximo a historicidade das relações entre sociedade e natureza. Assim, a emergência da “crise ambiental” deve ser abordada a partir desta perspectiva. Para análise dos dados, a pesquisa recorre aos referenciais metodológicos da “Análise de Conteúdo”, configurando-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujos resultados e discussões foram elaborados a partir da análise de determinado corpus documental. O trabalho mostra que o fato de o PT ter se configurado historicamente como um partido aglutinador das forças políticas progressistas identificadas com os “novos movimentos sociais”, emergidos no contexto das décadas de 1960 a 1980, influenciou a inserção da temática ambiental nos seus respectivos Programas de Governo. Neste sentido, os temas ambientais “Amazônia e a questão da produção energética na região”, concepções e propostas apresentadas relacionadas aos temas “desenvolvimento sustentável” e “educação ambiental” foram analisados... / This paper analyzes the use of environmental issues in Brazilian government programs of the Workers‟ Party (PT), conceived as political and ideological guidelines during its campaigns in the elections in 1989, 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006. The research thus analyzes a given topic: investigating and identifying environmental concepts expressed in government programs of a Brazilian political party, drafted in the course of twenty-seven years since its inception as a political, active and organized entity in different historical and electoral processes. In this study we have taken it as our principle that, in order to analyze environmental issues under any perspective in the present time, a vast outlook encompassing to the fullest the historicity of relations between society and nature is essential. The emergence of the environmental crisis must be therefore analyzed under this perspective. For data analysis, the research makes use of methodological references of Content Analysis. It is a quantitative research whose results and discussions were elaborated from the analysis of certain document corpus. The paper shows that the fact that PT has become a party showing progressive political strength identified with new social movements that took place from the 1960s to the 1980s has influenced the introduction of environmental issues in their respective government programs. In this sense, environmental topics such as the Amazon and the issue of energy production in the region, concepts and proposals presented on the topics “sustainable development” and “environmental education” have been analyzed with priority. Results show a clear defense in said sustainable development programs as a developmental model to be implemented in Brazil under PT‟s administration and that the introduction of the topic “Environmental Education in said programs was due to the concepts of environmental... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:35:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaSA.pdf: 3249724 bytes, checksum: 350132909a58dd4789d1a7979e357607 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-26 / This thesis is the result of an investigation about the transversality of the environmental issues into the daily curriculum of High Schools (from first to eighth grade). The research field was the county of Santo Antonio de Jesus in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The investigation is related with the challenge that the present model of social development and organization has put to the school institution: to bring the regular discussion about Environmental Education (EE) to the school s daily life. Facing the complexity of the socio-environmental issues and the basic functions of Education, the object of study was restricted to the identification of the challenges and paradoxes of the EE inside the curriculum organization of Politic-Pedagogic Project of the schools and the teachers daily practices. About the methodology, we adopted different references for the qualitative research: sociology, history, economy, and education. As for the investigative procedures about the teacher s practices, we related the school s daily practices to the context of the community. We also adopted several investigative procedures, such as questionnaires, interviews, observations and formative intervention. The theoretical basis was organized based on references to curriculum organization, environmental culture, teacher education and also considering the pillars of a capitalistic system that is based on consumerism and that generates social exclusion. At the initial considerations, we contextualized the contemporary environmental issues in an attempt to interpret the conditions of the EE transversality into the school s daily practices, which are still oriented to the traditional Cartesian Education. Based on the collected data, we found the reasons for the teachers dilemma and reluctances to the insertion of the environmental issues into the organization of the work plan and into the management of a school. Nevertheless, the results also signed promising possibilities to the EE tranversality, in case the curriculum of the school could be more sensible towards the cultural and social-economical issues of a community. We especially questioned The National Curriculum Parameter s (PCN), which is considered highly insufficient to inform the teachers about the environmental issues, facing the actual local conditions of social and pedagogic work. The final considerations showed the role and the importance of this research as one strategy to organize the curriculum education into the perspective of the transversality of environmental issues inside the education of both teacher and student / Esse estudo ? o resultado de uma investiga??o sobre a transversalidade das quest?es ambientais no curr?culo cotidiano de escolas do Ensino Fundamental (1? a 8? s?rie). O campo de pesquisa foi o munic?pio de Santo Ant?nio de Jesus, Bahia. A investiga??o est? relacionada com os desafios que o atual modelo de desenvolvimento e organiza??o social tem colocado para a institui??o escolar: a discuss?o pedag?gica da educa??o ambiental (EA) dentro da vida escolar. Diante da complexidade da quest?o s?cio-ambiental e das fun??es b?sicas da educa??o afunilamos nosso estudo para a identifica??o dos desafios e paradoxos da EA diante do Projeto Pol?tico Pedag?gico e das pr?ticas dos professores. Na metodologia adotamos diferentes refer?ncias para a pesquisa qualitativa: sociologia, hist?ria, economia e educa??o. Nos procedimentos de investigativos sobre a pr?tica dos professores, relacionamos o cotidiano da escola com o contexto da comunidade. Adotamos, igualmente, diversos procedimentos de investiga??o, como question?rios, entrevistas, observa??es e interven??o formativa. A fundamenta??o te?rica buscou refer?ncias nas teorias da organiza??o curricular, da cultura ambiental, da forma??o do professor e nas bases de um capitalismo consumista que gera exclus?o social. Nas considera??es iniciais contextualizamos a problem?tica ambiental contempor?nea, tentando interpretar as condi??es da transversalidade da EA no cotidiano da escola, ainda orientada para a tradicional forma??o cartesiana. Com base nos resultados encontramos as raz?es para os dilemas e resist?ncias dos professores para a inser??o das quest?es ambientais na organiza??o do plano de trabalho e na gest?o da escola. Todavia, os resultados tamb?m mostraram as possibilidades promissoras para a transversalidade da EA, caso o curr?culo escolar pudesse ser mais sens?vel ?s problem?ticas s?cio-econ?micas e culturais da comunidade. Questionamos especialmente os Par?metros Curriculares Nacionais, considerados insuficientes para subsidiar os professores sobre os problemas ambientais, diante da suas condi??es locais de trabalho social e pedag?gico. As considera??es finais evidenciaram o papel e a import?ncia da pesquisa como estrat?gia para a organiza??o educativa no sentido da transversalidade das quest?es ambientais na forma??o do professor e do aluno.

Orientador: Gessuir Pigatto / Coorientador: Timóteo Ramos Queiroz / Coorientador: Ferenc Istvan Bánkuti / Banca:Mario Mollo Neto / Banca: Fabiana Cunha Viana Leonelli / Resumo: A demanda mundial de pescados tem aumentado a cada ano, servindo de incentivo à aquicultura, atividade com grande potencial para aumento da produção, já que trata-se do cultivo previamente planejado de organismos aquáticos. No Brasil, uma modalidade da aquicultura que se encontra em expansão é a piscicultura em tanques-rede, tendo a tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) como principal espécie cultivada. No Sudeste do País, especialmente em São Paulo, a expansão da tilapicultura está ocorrendo principalmente com o uso de tanques-rede nos grandes reservatórios de usinas hidrelétricas (UHE). Dentre os reservatórios do estado, encontra-se o da UHE Canoas I que está localizado no rio Paranapanema e abrange os municípios de Cândido Mota - SP e Itambaracá - PR. Visto que ambos os municípios apresentam dados expressivos no que diz respeito à piscicultura em geral e em tanques- rede, esta região foi definida como foco de estudo da presente pesquisa, para a qual foi proposto como objetivo geral analisar a competitividade dos agentes envolvidos na produção de tilápia em tanques-rede no reservatório hidrelétrico da Usina Hidrelétrica de Canoas I e sua inserção em redes sociais. Além disso, um dos objetivos específicos seria analisar a relação entre nível de inserção em rede social e nível de competitividade. Para responder aos objetivos da pesquisa, o trabalho contou com pesquisa bibliográfica sobre as duas vertentes teóricas em questão (Redes Sociais e Competitividade) e pesquisa de c... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The global demand for fisheries has increased every year, serving to encourage aquaculture activity with great potential of raising production, since it is the previously planned cultivation of aquatic organisms. In Brazil, aquaculture modality that is booming is fish farming in cages, and the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the main cultivated species. In the Southeast of the country, especially in São Paulo, the expansion of tilapia culture is taking place mainly through the use of cages in the large reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants (HPP). Among the state's reservoirs, it is the HPP Canoas I which is located on the Paranapanema River and covers the municipalities of Cândido Mota - SP and Itambaracá - PR. Since both municipalities have significant data regarding fish farming in general and in fishnet tanks, this region was defined as the study focus of this research, for which it was proposed as a general objective to analyze the competitiveness of the agents involved in the production of tilapia in cages in the hydroelectric reservoir of the Hydroelectric Plant of Canoas I and their inclusion in social networks. In addition, one of the specific objectives would be to analyze the relationship between the level of integration into social network and level of competitiveness. In order to meet the research objectives, the work included literature on two theoretical aspects involved (Social Networks and Competitiveness) and field research, where fish farmers inse... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Rosa Maria Feiteiro Cavalari / Banca: Luiz Carlos Santana / Banca: Haydee Torres de Oliveira / Resumo: Esta pesquisa analisa a inserção da temática ambiental nos Programa de Governo para a Presidência da República do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), os quais foram elaborados como diretrizes políticas e ideológicas, durante suas campanhas nas eleições ocorridas no Brasil nos anos de 1989, 1994, 1998, 2002 e 2006. A pesquisa empreende, portanto, a análise de um recorte determinado: investigar e identificar as concepções relativas á temática ambiental, expressas nos Programas de Governo, de um determinado partido político brasileiro, elaborados no decorrer de vinte sete anos da sua existência como instituição política, atuante e organizada, em diferentes contextos históricos e processos eleitorais. No estudo apresentado, tomamos como "princípio", que para analisarmos a temática ambiental, sob qualquer perspectiva no tempo presente, faz-se imprescindível um amplo referencial que abarque ao máximo a historicidade das relações entre sociedade e natureza. Assim, a emergência da "crise ambiental" deve ser abordada a partir desta perspectiva. Para análise dos dados, a pesquisa recorre aos referenciais metodológicos da "Análise de Conteúdo", configurando-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujos resultados e discussões foram elaborados a partir da análise de determinado corpus documental. O trabalho mostra que o fato de o PT ter se configurado historicamente como um partido aglutinador das forças políticas progressistas identificadas com os "novos movimentos sociais", emergidos no contexto das décadas de 1960 a 1980, influenciou a inserção da temática ambiental nos seus respectivos Programas de Governo. Neste sentido, os temas ambientais "Amazônia e a questão da produção energética na região", concepções e propostas apresentadas relacionadas aos temas "desenvolvimento sustentável" e "educação ambiental" foram analisados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This paper analyzes the use of environmental issues in Brazilian government programs of the Workers‟ Party (PT), conceived as political and ideological guidelines during its campaigns in the elections in 1989, 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006. The research thus analyzes a given topic: investigating and identifying environmental concepts expressed in government programs of a Brazilian political party, drafted in the course of twenty-seven years since its inception as a political, active and organized entity in different historical and electoral processes. In this study we have taken it as our principle that, in order to analyze environmental issues under any perspective in the present time, a vast outlook encompassing to the fullest the historicity of relations between society and nature is essential. The emergence of the environmental crisis must be therefore analyzed under this perspective. For data analysis, the research makes use of methodological references of Content Analysis. It is a quantitative research whose results and discussions were elaborated from the analysis of certain document corpus. The paper shows that the fact that PT has become a party showing progressive political strength identified with new social movements that took place from the 1960s to the 1980s has influenced the introduction of environmental issues in their respective government programs. In this sense, environmental topics such as "the Amazon and the issue of energy production in the region", concepts and proposals presented on the topics "sustainable development" and "environmental education" have been analyzed with priority. Results show a clear defense in said "sustainable development" programs as a developmental model to be implemented in Brazil under PT‟s administration and that the introduction of the topic "Environmental Education" in said programs was due to the concepts of environmental... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

A presente pesquisa problematiza relações entre o problema da fome e a questão ambiental. Tem por objetivo tencionar as relações entre as dimensões do social e do natural na obra de Josué de Castro como uma amálgama para pensar a problemática da fome tangenciando seus vínculos com a problemática ambiental, demonstrando que a obra do autor expressa uma crescente preocupação ambiental. Além disso, visa evidenciar a trajetória do autor nos estudos da fome, mostrando o que fome e questão ambiental possuem em comum, para pensar a emancipação humana de ambos os problemas. O trabalho consiste em um estudo da produção intelectual de Josué de Castro, o que se faz recorrendo à pesquisa bibliográfica em sua possibilidade de leitura, análise e interpretação de produções escritas que permitem qualitativamente o conhecimento de fenômenos sociais. Estudando a obra de Josué de Castro busca-se fazer emergir a conexão entre sociedade e natureza, marcada pela forma de produzir a vida. Dessa forma, abre-se a possibilidade para projetar a emancipação social das limitações e/ou impossibilidades impostas às potencialidades da natureza, da qual o homem faz parte. Assim, tornando indissociáveis os problemas da destruição da natureza e da fome, em síntese, a questão ambiental. / This research discusses the relation between the problem of hunger and the environmental issues. It aims to create a tension in the relations between the social and the natural dimensions in Josué de Castro‟s work as an amalgam in order to think about the problem of hunger related to the environmental issues, which reveals a growing environmental concern in the author's work. It also seeks to highlight the author‟s studies on hungry, showing what hunger and environmental issues have in common and thinking about human emancipation from both problems. The work consists on a study on Josué Castro‟s intellectual production using literature research and the possible interpretations and analyses of his written production with the goal of building a qualitative understanding on social phenomena. The study of Josué de Castro‟s work seeks to bring out the connection between society and nature, marked by the way that life is produced. Thus, it is possible to design the social emancipation of the limitations and – or impossibilities imposed to the potential of nature of which man is part. Therefore, the problems of the destruction of nature and hunger become inseparable which reveals in summary the environmental issue.

A presente pesquisa problematiza relações entre o problema da fome e a questão ambiental. Tem por objetivo tencionar as relações entre as dimensões do social e do natural na obra de Josué de Castro como uma amálgama para pensar a problemática da fome tangenciando seus vínculos com a problemática ambiental, demonstrando que a obra do autor expressa uma crescente preocupação ambiental. Além disso, visa evidenciar a trajetória do autor nos estudos da fome, mostrando o que fome e questão ambiental possuem em comum, para pensar a emancipação humana de ambos os problemas. O trabalho consiste em um estudo da produção intelectual de Josué de Castro, o que se faz recorrendo à pesquisa bibliográfica em sua possibilidade de leitura, análise e interpretação de produções escritas que permitem qualitativamente o conhecimento de fenômenos sociais. Estudando a obra de Josué de Castro busca-se fazer emergir a conexão entre sociedade e natureza, marcada pela forma de produzir a vida. Dessa forma, abre-se a possibilidade para projetar a emancipação social das limitações e/ou impossibilidades impostas às potencialidades da natureza, da qual o homem faz parte. Assim, tornando indissociáveis os problemas da destruição da natureza e da fome, em síntese, a questão ambiental. / This research discusses the relation between the problem of hunger and the environmental issues. It aims to create a tension in the relations between the social and the natural dimensions in Josué de Castro‟s work as an amalgam in order to think about the problem of hunger related to the environmental issues, which reveals a growing environmental concern in the author's work. It also seeks to highlight the author‟s studies on hungry, showing what hunger and environmental issues have in common and thinking about human emancipation from both problems. The work consists on a study on Josué Castro‟s intellectual production using literature research and the possible interpretations and analyses of his written production with the goal of building a qualitative understanding on social phenomena. The study of Josué de Castro‟s work seeks to bring out the connection between society and nature, marked by the way that life is produced. Thus, it is possible to design the social emancipation of the limitations and – or impossibilities imposed to the potential of nature of which man is part. Therefore, the problems of the destruction of nature and hunger become inseparable which reveals in summary the environmental issue.

La gestion de l’irrigation et de la fertilisation dans les systèmes de production hors sol est particulièrement cruciale afin de limiter tous risques d’asphyxie racinaire, de lessivage d’éléments minéraux, voire de développement de pathogènes liés à une irrigation excédentaire, ou, à l’inverse, de réhumectation délicate et de stress hydrique de la plante dans des conditions limitantes en eau. Ayant pour finalité d’améliorer l’efficience de l’eau pour les plantes cultivées sur substrats, les travaux développés dans cette thèse ont visé à analyser l’évolution des propriétés hydrauliques de différents substrats au cours de laculture, en se focalisant tout particulièrement sur les effets combinés du développement racinaire et de la gestion de l’irrigation.Des essais culturaux ont été menés sur tourbe, fibres de coco, fibres de bois et écorce, prenant pour plante modèle utilisée le rosier Knock Out®. Des mesures de biomassesracinaires et aériennes, ainsi que celles des propriétés de rétention en eau et en air, de conductivité hydraulique, de diffusivité des gaz et de mouillabilité ont été effectuées surchaque substrat soumis à des régimes d’irrigation différents (variant d’un optimum hydrique à des conditions de stress hydrique). Les résultats montrent d'importantes modifications aufil du temps, principalement en raison de l'histoire hydrique. Cela conduit à des modifications(1) de la distribution et de la taille des pores, traduite par une réduction de leur tortuositéqui génère une augmentation de la diffusion gazeuse dans le milieu, ainsi que (2) unediminution de / Precise irrigation management of substrates is of vital importance in horticultural soilless systems to avoid root asphyxia, nutrient leaching, and plant disease in case of excessive watering; as well as, nutrient and water deficiency, and then plant physiological stress in the driest conditions. The study presented here aimed to improve water efficiency for plants grown in pots or containers, focusing on the evolution of hydraulic properties of substratesdue to root development and irrigation strategies during plant growth. Crop trials were performed on peat, coir, wood fiber and pine bark, using the rose Radrazz Rosa x hybrida as plant model.Shoot and roots biomasses, air and water retention properties, hydraulic conductivity, relative gas diffusivity and wettability were measured on each substrate, managed with different irrigation strategies (from an optimal water content to hydric stress conditions). Results showed significant changes over time, mainly due to the hydric history. This led to changes (1) in pore distribution and size, and then a decrease in pore tortuosity generating an increase in relative gas diffusivity in the substrates, and (2) a decrease in substrates’ wettability according to the intensity of drying. Although they were with weaker amplitude to those resulting of the hydric history, filling of macroporosity by the root system led to limit substrates’ consolidation due to drying/wetting cycles, and moreoverto amplify pore connectivity and then relative gas diffusivity and to limit degradation inwettability.

Environmental problems currently lack a definition in the Swedish language. Subjective definitions could lead to counterproductiveness and misunderstandings between parties, which is why the aim of this thesis is to construct a definition for environmental problems. Using quantitative methods, and a literature study, the most frequently used terms describing environmental problems were compiled. An analysis of the results gives us the following definition: ”Something that causes pollution, causes loss of biodiversity, or impairs production and functions.” This definition is broad enough, and yet specific enough, to encompass environmental problems in a practical and useful way in both everyday language, and when working in scientific or humanistic fields. Further research is required, since it is currently extremely sparse. The definition formulated in this thesis will not last forever, but rather it will continue to grow, evolve and develop alongside new discoveries, new knowledge and new environmental goals in this field. / Det saknas i dagsläget en definition av begreppet miljöproblem. Subjektiva definitioner av begreppet skulle kunna leda till missförstånd mellan olika aktörer, kontraproduktivitet eller felriktade insatser för att lösa dessa problem. Därför är syftet med detta examensarbete att utforma en definition för begreppet miljöproblem. Arbetet är baserat på en litteraturstudie som utfördes med kvantitativa metoder, där en sammanställning av relevanta termer från relevant litteratur genomfördes. Enligt resultaten är denna definition: ”Något som orsakar föroreningar eller orsakar förlust av biologisk mångfald, produktionsförmåga eller funktioner.” Definitionen är tillräckligt övergripande, men även tillräckligt specifik för att anses användbar i både vardagligt tal samt vid tillämpning av miljöarbete, forskning och miljöpolitik. Det behövs vidare forskning i ämnet, då denna i dagsläget är ytterst sparsam. Definitionen som utformats här kommer inte att bestå för evigt, utan kommer att fortsätta utvecklas och bearbetas, där ny kunskap, kontexter, nya miljömål etcetera kommer att spela en viktig roll.