The present thesis comprises two case studies of two multilingual pupils in second-ary school, focusing on the relationship between knowledge, language and learning through a comparison of literacy activities in the two school subjects, Textile Crafts and Social Studies. The theoretical framework is sociocultural and the research methods include ob-servations, interviews and artifact analysis of the literacy practices in the two sub-jects as well as analyses of spoken and written texts. The latter were performed using multimodal and systemic functional linguistics analyses. The results reveal that both school subjects can be described as mono-linguistic, and that the teachers teach mono- and multilingual pupils in the same way. Also, the two focus students, David and Sarah, were offered various multimodal texts in each of the two school subjects. However, David deflects many of the teachers’ text of-fers in the form of writing in both the literacy practices in both subjects, avoiding having to expose himself to situations in which he is forced to read or write. Sarah, on the other hand, used writing for different purposes and in different ways. Also, the semiotic resources she used were often more advanced and more complex com-pared to those used by David. Another important finding was that the teachers seemed to "tune in" with the students’, thus enhancing their own choices as to avoid-ing or using the language offered through different semiotic resources. A pedagogical implication of the study concerns how teachers and students are aware of students’ multilingualism and how this linguistic awareness is used in the classroom. This calls for more research on how to create teacher awareness about multilingual students’ need to develop linguistic competence in all school subjects in different languages. Another pedagogical implication is the importance of selecting texts that enable high support in relation to the nature of the task and its objectives, i.e. how texts function in relation to the task and what they afford.

This two-year master thesis aims to examine how the Swedish Library Act affects the youth library PUNKTmedis and its librarians. Through a case study and by using a socio-cultural and a norm critical perspective, the study discusses three main questions: 1. How do the librarians view the new law and how do they apply its new directives at PUNKTmedis? 2. Have they made any changes to the planning and execution of reading promotion activities since the law came into force? What activities are there currently in the library and how are they considered to promote reading? How does the library work with a broader literary concept and a broader view of what reading is? 3. How do the librarians at PUNKTmedis work with the assignment to give special attention to children and young people to promote their reading, with their specific focus on girls who already read, especially since research and reports all too often lifts boys' reading as waning? How deeply rooted is the librarians’ commitment? The study finds that the effect the Library Act has on PUNKTmedis is that it inspires the work of the librarians, due to formulations such as a “broader literacy concept” and the ability to work with different formats regarding the media in the library. The library offers many different reading promotional activities due to this. But the library has not really changed their way work since the new law was enforced, which might be because they are a youth library and don’t need to be as traditional as a regular public library. In addition to that, the librarians feel that the law is rather weak. Regarding to how the librarians at PUNKTmedis work with the assignment to promote reading, the study finds that the librarians try to work towards the individual, but by having a profile towards girls who already like to read, they make them visible in contrast to the boy norm.

Denna avhandling handlar om förändring av kommunal ledning, specifikt inom vård och omsorg. I Sverige finns inte mindre än 15 000 chefer inom kommunal vård och omsorg. De kan hantera budgetar som överstiger en miljard kronor och mellanchefer inom samma verksamhet kan leda ett hundratal medarbetare. Syftet med avhandlingen är att beskriva organisering av kommunal ledning samt att förklara varför kommunala ledningsorganisationer förändras. Den bygger på litteraturstudier samt på longitudinella fallstudier i Linköpings och Norrköpings kommuner. Studien visar att förändrade omgivningsförhållanden och spänningar som finns i kommunernas övergripande uppgifter, det vill säga medborgarnas intresseorganisation, att vara serviceleverantör, myndighet och samhällsaktör driver på aktörer till att förändra kommunala ledningsorganisationer. Nya idéer växer fram som en effekt av bakslag av tidigare fattade beslut. Bakslagen och nya idéer leder till krav på ledningsförändringar för att kunna hantera uppgifter på ett mer önskvärt sätt. För att få till stånd förändring hänvisas till kommunernas övergripande uppgifter och legitima institutioner som är förknippade med rättvisa, effektivitet, öppenhet och utveckling. / This dissertation deals with municipal management and especially municipal management of eldercare. In Sweden there are at least 15 000 managers in public service managing eldercare. Some managers of them are responsible for budgets of more than one billion SEK. Middle managers in municipal care can be responsible for up to one hundred co-workers. The purpose of the dissertation is to describe the organising of municipal management and explain why it changes. The dissertation is based on studies of literature and longitudinal case studies in Linköping and Norrköping. Changed circumstances and tensions within the municipality’s organization, specifically related to the overall assignments of the municipalities are conditions that influence agents to want to change their management. The overall assignments of the municipalities are democracy, supplier of service, authority and being a society actor. New ideas grow as an effect of organisational setbacks of earlier decisions. The setbacks and new ideas contribute to a demand of management changes. In order to change the management of a municipality, actors have to refer to the overall assignments and institutions such as justice, efficiency, openness and development.

Social media provides, as many points out, new possibilities for marketing. Marketing in social media requires a two way communication, rather than the traditional marketing where the communication model is typically sender – receiver.To create a marketing campaign that is suitable for a two way communication model has its difficulties and risks as well as its opportunities. Opportunities in the sense that the campaign can become a viral, a Word of mouth and create a Buzz, which will reach potential customers, to a bigger quantity for lower costs, with a message that will make a different impact from the types of commercial messages we are used to. Risks in the sense that the message, if not properly aimed and phrased, can be turned overnight into something that humiliates the company and possibly harm its brand.The difficulties in creating such a campaign is to create something that will catch people’s attention, discuss and forward it, while at the same time avoid getting hurt.We aim to describe the internet from a cultural context, and from that point of view explore the types of misunderstandings which often seem to happen when a corporate message is created and sent out in social media, how to avoid putting the image of a company in danger when doing this, and examine if there is ways to know how the message will be received. We truly feel that linking marketing in social media with internet culture is a field of research with great possibilites. Number of pages: 33 Course: Media and communication studies C University: Department of informatics and media, Uppsala University Period: Fall 2011 Keywords: Internet culture, social media marketing, word of mouth, viral marketing, participatory culture, transparency, anonymity, Web 2.0,

Policy documents in the public library field, such as the library legislation, local political goals and intra-library plan documents, often include ambitious but ambiguous formulations. This two years master’s thesis examines the relationship between four policy documents and library practice in a local context. The theoretical framework is inspired by a sociocultural theory developed by the Swedish professor of pedagogical psychology Roger Säljö. The theory emphasizes the importance of context to learning and development. The thesis’ method is a case study. The study compares how § 8 of the Swedish library legislation is interpreted in three local policy documents and how the clause is implemented in local library practice. The local library practice studied is the work of one working group which has the special assignment to implement the statutory commission for public libraries to provide special attention to immigrants and other minorities. The main empirical material is hence derived from analysis of four policy documents and from qualitative interviews with the five members of the working group. The method of analysis can be described as a questioning in three stages. What is stated by the documents and the informants? What do the statements mean in relation to other statements? And finally: how can the statements be understood in relation to the theoretical framework and to results from previous research? The main result of the analysis is that the policy documents do not function as a determinant context of library practice. Instead the policy documents play roles as tools used by the library staff to fulfill situational needs in the local library practice. In the conclusion I argue for further research on the content of policy documents and the function of policy documents in library practice. One possible aim of such research could be to enhance librarians’ abilities to use policy documents to serve their professional purposes.

Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk., 2003.

Diss. Ronneby : Blekinge tekniska högskola, 2005.

Diss. Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2005.

This essay analyses how students translate theoretical warfare into practical action during a staff ride. Through case studies, at the actual location, in a real or fictitious scenario, students can apply theoretical knowledge about principles of warfare to practical situations. Discussion of the outcomes of different examples on the actual terrain allows a comparison of contemporary tactics and contemporary technology. The terrain is still there, albeit perhaps altered and, although the military geography’s character shifts, it is consistent. Therefore, one can compare the contemporary tactical and technical conditions with the practical conditions of the present, and draw conclusions that are relevant to modern tactics. Thus, one can learn from the historical context through staff rides as a teaching method. The essay is about the teaching situation and the method that students are exposed to during a staff ride, and how theories of warfare relate to and are used in the practical implementation of a staff ride.

Purpose – This thesis investigates why archaeological museums tend to have a separate section for erotic and/or sexual objects. The aim is to understand why these rooms are needed and if they are considered outdated in the year 2020. Three case studies will be discussed in this thesis: Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli, Altes Museum, and Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera. Analysis – The qualitative data collected through interviews will be analyzed and presented in case studies. I apply two theories: power theory according to Michel Foucault and Clive Grey and queer theory. Method – To answer my questions, I interview museum workers responsible for the erotic display from the three case studies. All museums have a separate exhibition regarding erotic objects, so-called "secret museums". Methods that have been in use is qualitative method together with phenomenology. Findings – The findings show that the phenomenon “secret museum” was born in the mid-1700s when Pompeii and Herculaneum were excavated and several objects with erotic motives were found. Today several archaeological museums exhibit these objects in separate rooms, sometimes with restrictions. When these exhibitions were first formed only educated men were allowed to enter. It was considered that the objects would be misunderstood by the lower class and even hurt the relationship between men and women if women were to be exposed to pornography. The results from the three case studies show that people are still sensitive to objects regarding erotica or sexualities and that the separate area is for the visitors to choose if they want to enter or not. The result also shows that there is a respect for the history around this phenomenon and the rooms are in themselves museology history that needs to be preserved.  Paper type – Two years master's thesis in Museum and Cultural Heritage studies.