Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:33:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PEGORER_Andre_2011.pdf: 1145704 bytes, checksum: 884d8c9521fd9f9f5d76049a77bd4651 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-16 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Given the complexity of financial instruments currently in use, the purpose of this study is to examine, according to the proposed economic theory of Hyman P. Minsky, the factors that led to the recent financial crisis, which began in the mortgage market and expanded throughout the financial system. The residential mortgage market, as well as the financial regulation and supervision frameworks, was examined based on the Financial Fragility Hypothesis and the theory of financial cycles, as proposed by Minsky. The framework that the financial structure created prior to the crisis would not have been possible without the use of credit derivatives. This research finds that the use of credit derivatives were the primary financial instrument that drove the expansion of the credit cycle and produced vast losses during the crisis. This new financial structure, burdened by a complex structured finance, amplified the positive outlook of economic units and that allow very high credit expansion rates for a long period. And its collapse required the ensuing government intervention in the economy. Such intervention, which occurred through fiscal and monetary policies and a direct rescue of failing institutions, was necessary in both preventing the full collapse of the entire financial system and in stabilizing it. This study additionally applies an econometric model of the Minskyan theory to test whether the use of credit derivatives contributed to expanding the fragility of the financial system during its expansion. Finally, the study analyzes the drivers of the strong growth rate of the credit derivatives markets in the context of financial regulation, as such markets are exposed to high risk and therefore have a significant potential to increase financial fragility. / Diante da complexidade dos instrumentos financeiros existentes, este trabalho busca esclarecer, segundo a teoria econômica proposta por Hyman P. Minsky, quais foram os fatores que levaram a crise financeira recente, que teve seu inicio no mercado imobiliário, a se expandir de forma intensa por todo o sistema financeiro internacional. Baseando-se na Hipotese da Fragilidade Financeira e na teoria econômica de ciclos financeiros, propostas por Minsky, foi analisada a estrutura de financiamento imobiliário nos Estados Unidos. As estruturas de regulação e supervisão financeira também foram analisadas aos olhos da teoria Minskyana. Alem disso, foi testada a hipótese de que a estrutura financeira criada neste período não seria possível sem a utilização peculiar dos derivativos de credito. Estes foram identificados como sendo o principal instrumento financeiro tanto no estimulo do ciclo de ascensão do credito quanto no colapso da nova estrutura financeira, que, permeada por produtos estruturados complexos, exacerbou as expectativas positivas dos agentes ao permitir que elevadas taxas de crescimento do credito fossem mantidas por um longo período de tempo. Com o colapso desta estrutura, fez-se necessária a intervenção do governo na economia. As intervenções, que ocorreram através de políticas fiscais, monetárias e de socorro as instituições em estado precário, foram necessárias para evitar o colapso do sistema financeiro e restabelecer a estabilidade do mesmo. Diante destes ocorridos e tento em vista a interação existente entre os diferentes agentes financeiros, foi criado um modelo testável empiricamente para a teoria Minskyana. Este modelo buscou responder se o amplo uso de derivativos de credito foi capaz de aumentar a fragilidade financeira de todo o sistema durante o período de expansão econômica. Por fim, a estrutura regulatória dos derivativos financeiros foi analisada de forma a ilustrar os motivos que levaram ao amplo crescimento do mercado de derivativos de credito, um mercado marcado por elevada exposição a riscos e, portanto, propenso a contribuir com a elevação da fragilidade financeira.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:33:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BOTTREL_Mariana_2014.pdf: 2435524 bytes, checksum: 7cc3845ff767003b15f1d3e00d7dbf1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-28 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / It is essential that the financial intermediaries operate well in order to offer financial products to attend the society s needs efficiently, providing economic growth. Besides, a healthy banking system is extremely important for the solidity of the financial system of a country and the social welfare. Therefore, it is necessary to study the market structure, with their concentration rates and the possibility to exercise market power of the firms. Also, it is possible to relate the impacts of this market structure to the risks taken by the banks. In order to measure the concentration, it has been used the following techniques: (i) Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI); (ii) Concentration Rates ( CR). To watch the possibility of market power exercising and rivalry, two methods were used: (i) unit root tests; and (ii) unit root tests with panel data. The results show that there has been a large increase in concentration, especially during the beginning of the global financial crisis in 2008. Moreover, it shows that there is possibility of effective rivalry. For the relationship between structure and risk, it has been used a model with panel data, according to Araújo e Jorge Neto (2007). The result was that the relationship between risk and concentration is positive. On conclusion, effective rivalry in the markets studied is possible, which reduces the possibility of the exercise of market power due to an increase in concentration. The concentration may also not have contributed to reduce the risks taken by banks. Keywords: Economic Measures. Econometrics. Commercial Bank. Financial Crisis. / O bom funcionamento dos intermediários financeiros é essencial para oferta de produtos financeiros que atendam às necessidades da sociedade com eficiência, propiciando o crescimento econômico. Além disso, um sistema bancário hígido é extremamente importante para a solidez do sistema financeiro de um país e para o bem-estar social. Por isso, é preciso estudar a estrutura de mercado, com seus níveis de concentração e com a possibilidade de exercício de poder de mercado das firmas. Pode-se, ainda, relacionar quais os impactos dessa estrutura no risco tomados pelos bancos. Para a mensuração da concentração foram usadas as medidas de concentração: (i) Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI); e (ii) Concentration Rates ( ). Para a observação da possibilidade de exercício de poder de mercado, rivalidade, foram usados dois métodos: (i) testes de raiz unitária; e (ii) testes de raiz unitária em painel. Os resultados obtidos mostram que houve um grande aumento da concentração, principalmente no período de estopim da crise financeira mundial, em 2008. Ademais, mostram que há possibilidade de rivalidade efetiva. Para a relação entre estrutura e risco foi usado um modelo com dados em painel, com base no trabalho de Araújo e Jorge Neto (2007). O resultado obtido foi que a relação entre risco e concentração é positiva. Conclui-se que existe possível rivalidade efetiva nos mercados estudados, o que reduz a possibilidade do exercício de poder de mercado devido a um aumento da concentração. A concentração também pode não ter contribuído para reduzir os riscos tomados pelos bancos.

La présente thèse analyse la politique de ciblage de l’inflation au sein des économies émergentes. Plus précisément, les développements de cette thèse visent à étudier la conduite, l’efficacité et la performance de cette stratégie de politique monétaire dans un contexte d’instabilité. Pour cela, nous procédons en deux étapes. Dans un premier temps, nous étudions la règle de conduite de la politique de ciblage d’inflation (chapitre 1), en montrant comment cette notion de règle optimale devrait guider le comportement de la banque centrale dans ses décisions de politique monétaire afin de réaliser l'objectif d'inflation. Nous insistons sur le rôle de la transparence et de la crédibilité de la politique monétaire en tant que critère de performance et nous évaluons les différentes expériences des pays émergents ayant adopté un ciblage d’inflation et qui ont pu renforcer l’efficacité de ce régime monétaire (chapitre 2). Puis, dans un second temps, nous distinguons les périodes de pré-ciblage et de post-ciblage pour évaluer la performance de cette politique. Nous montrons ainsi que le ciblage d’inflation est économiquement performant s’il génère une stabilité de l’environnement de la politique monétaire (chapitre 3). Enfin, nous analysons l’efficacité et la performance de la politique de ciblage d’inflation des économies émergentes en période de crise, compte tenu de l’effondrement financier de 2008 et 2009 qui a produit la pire récession mondiale depuis les années 1930 (chapitre 4). Nous développons une approche économétrique basée sur des données de panel dynamique, pour étudier le degré de stabilité de l’environnement économique des pays cibleurs dans un contexte d’instabilité. Nos résultats mettent en évidence une différence significative des performances en matière d’inflation et dans le domaine macroéconomique dans un environnement économique mondial caractérisé par une crise financière internationale. Nous montrons que ces différences sont généralement imputables au choix de cette stratégie de politique monétaire. / This thesis analyzes the inflation targeting policy in emerging economies. To be more specific, the developments of this thesis aimed to investigate the conduct, efficiency and performance of the policy of monetary strategy in an instability context. Therefore, we proceed in two steps. First, we study the conduct rule of the inflation targeting policy (Chapter 1), showing how this notion of optimal rule should guide the behaviour of the Central Bank in its decisions of monetary policy, in order to achieve the inflation goal, by emphasizing the role of transparency and credibility of the monetary policy, as a performance criterion, by evaluating the different experiences of the emerging countries that have adopted an inflation targeting and have been able to strengthen the effectiveness of the monetary regime (Chapter 2). Then, in a second step, we distinguish periods of pre-targeting and post-targeting to evaluate the performance of this policy. Thus, we show that inflation targeting is economically efficient if it generates an environmental stability of monetary policy (Chapter 3). Finally, we analyze the efficiency and performance of the inflation targeting policy in emerging economies in times of crisis, taking into account the financial crisis of 2008 and 2009 that produced the worst global recession since the 1930s (Chapter 4). We are developing an econometric approach based on a dynamic panel data in order to study the degree of stability of the economic environment targeted countries in a context of instability. Our results show a significant difference in inflation performance with macro-economic performances in a global economic environment characterized by a global financial crisis, and that these differences are generally attributable to the choice of the strategy of monetary policy.

Cette thèse est la première tentative pour examiner empiriquement trois aspects différents liés au système bancaire parallèle. Nous cherchons à mieux comprendre le sujet de la finance de l'ombre.Le chapitre 1 se concentre sur la corrélation entre le système bancaire parallèle et les autres institutions financières ordinaires, principalement les banques, les compagnies d'assurance et les fonds de pension. Les résultats suggèrent que le système bancaire parallèle agit comme un complément et non comme un substitut à d'autres institutions financières régulières.Le chapitre 2 examine les déterminants des prêts bancaires parallèles. Ce chapitre étudie comment la réglementation et d'autres facteurs influencent le rôle du système bancaire parallèle dans l’offre de crédit. Les résultats de ce chapitre indiquent que le système bancaire parallèle n'est pas une réponse à une réglementation stricte.Le chapitre 3 montre qu'il y a un impact positif du système bancaire parallèle sur la stabilité et la rentabilité bancaires. Cependant, ces résultats sont inversés pendant les périodes de crise. Ces résultats indiquent que le système bancaire parallèle a un impact positif pendent les « bonnes » périodes et un impact négatif pendant les « mauvaises». / This PhD dissertation is the first attempt to empirically examine three different aspects related to the shadow banking system. We generally aim at providing a better understanding of the shadow banking topic.Chapter 1 focuses on the correlation between the shadow banking system and other regular financial institutions mainly banks, insurance companies, and pension funds. The results suggest that shadow banking system is acting as a complement and not a substitute to other regular financial systems.Chapter 2 examines the determinants of shadow banking loans. This study investigates how regulations and other factors impact the role of the shadow banking system in supplying credit. This chapter’s results indicate that shadow banking system is not an answer to high and severe regulations.Chapter 3 shows that there is a positive impact of the increased share of shadow banking system on banking stability and profitability. However, these results are inversed during crisis periods. These results indicate that shadow banking system makes good times better and bad time worse.

This thesis consists of three chapters. In the first chapter, titled "Aggregate Risk and Bank Risk-Taking", I propose a general equilibrium model in which strategic interactions between banks and depositors may lead to endogenous bank fragility and a drop in investment and output. With some opacity in bank balance sheets, depositors form expectations about bank risk-taking and demand a return on bank deposits according to their risk. This creates strategic complementarities and possibly multiple equilibria: in response to an increase in funding costs, banks may optimally choose to pursue risky portfolios that undermine their solvency prospects. In a bad equilibrium, bank lending is crowded out by risky asset purchases and weak economic fundamentals lead to a banking crisis. Policy interventions face a trade-o¤ between alleviating banks' funding conditions and strengthening their risk-taking incentives. Due to this trade-off, liquidity provision to banks may eliminate the good equilibrium when it is not targeted. Targeted interventions have the capacity to eliminate the bad equilibrium. The second chapter, titled "Gambling Traps", analyzes macroeconomic dynamics under this framework in a dynamic general equilibrium model. I show that self-fulfilling expectations about high bank risk-taking may lead to 'gambling traps' associated with slow recovery from crises. In a gambling trap, high bank funding costs hinder the accumulation of bank net worth, leading to a prolonged period of financial fragility and a persistent decline in economic activity. I bring this model to bear on the European sovereign debt crisis, in the course of which under-capitalized banks in default-risky countries experienced an increase in funding costs and raised their holdings of domestic government debt. The model is quantified using Portuguese data and accounts for macroeconomic dynamics in Portugal in 2010-2016. Finally, I show that subsidized loans to banks, similar to the European Central Bank's longer-term refinancing operations (LTRO) may perpetuate gambling traps. The third chapter, titled ''Shadow Banking and Market Discipline on Traditional Banks'', is joint work with Matthieu Darracq-Paries, Christo¤er Kok, and Dawid · Zochowski. In this chapter, we present a general equilibrium banking model in which shadow banking arises endogenously and undermines market discipline on traditional banks. We show that depositors' ability to re-optimize in response to crises imposes market discipline on traditional banks: these banks optimally commit to a safe portfolio strategy to prevent early withdrawals. With costly commitment, shadow banking emerges as an alternative banking strategy that combines high risk-taking with early liquidation in times of crisis. We bring the model to bear on the 2007-09 financial crisis in the United States, during which shadow banks experienced a sudden dry-up of funding and liquidated their assets. We derive an equilibrium in which the shadow banking sector expands to a size where its liquidation causes a fire-sale and exposes traditional banks to liquidity risk. Higher deposit rates in compensation for liquidity risk also weaken threats of early withdrawal and traditional banks pursue risky portfolios that may leave them in default. Financial stability is achieved with a tax on shadow bank profits or collateralized liquidity support to traditional banks.

Motivated by the importance of the risk of bankruptcy in capital structure decisions, this study aims to establish the insolvency risk firm in accordance to the life cycle stages and determine how the stages can explain the change insolvency´s risk. The population under study is companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Buenos Aires, in the period 2004 to 2012. The evidence shows linking life cycle stages with the insolvency´s risk. The firms in the stage maturity have lower risk, relative to the other stages. Moreover, the life cycle stages have a predictive capacity on changing the insolvency´s risk in the next year, the maturity stage has a positive effect and the decline stage a negative effect. The firms that are maintained in the mature stage have a greater opportunity to stay in this stage and firms in growth stages and shake-out have a greater possibility to enter the introduction and decline stages that in the maturity stage. / Motivado por la importancia del riesgo de insolvencia financiera en las decisiones de financiación, este estudio tiene como objetivo establecer el riesgo de crisis financiera en las empresas de acuerdo a las etapas del ciclo de vida y cómo las etapas del ciclo de vida explican el cambio en el riesgo de insolvencia. La población objeto de este estudio son las empresas listadas en la Bolsa de Comercio de Buenos Aires en el período 2004 a 2012. La evidencia muestra la vinculación de las etapas del ciclo de vida con el riesgo de insolvencia, marco en el que las empresas en la etapa de madurez tienen un menor riesgo en relación con las otras etapas. Por otra parte, las etapas del ciclo de vida tienen una capacidad predictiva sobre el cambio del riesgo de insolvencia en el año siguiente: la etapa de madurez tiene un efecto positivo; y la etapa de declinación, un efecto negativo. Las empresas que se mantienen en la etapa de madurez tienen una mayor posibilidad de mantenerse en dicha etapa y las empresas en las etapas de crecimiento, y reestructuración (shake-out) tienen una mayor posibilidad de entrar en las etapas de introducción y declinación que en la etapa de madurez. / Motivado pela importância do risco de insolvência financeira em decisões de financiamento, este estudo pretende estabelecer o risco de crise financeira nas empresas de acordo com as etapas do ciclo de vida e como as etapas do ciclo de vida explicam a mudança em o risco de insolvência. A população que é objeto deste estudo são as empresas listadas na Bolsa de Valores de Buenos Aires, de 2004 a 2012. A evidência mostra o vínculo entre as estágio etapas do ciclo de vida eo risco de insolvência, onde as empresas no estágio de maturidade têm um risco menor, em relação aos outros estágios. Por outro lado, os estágios do ciclo de vida têm uma habilidade preditiva sobre a mudança no risco de insolvência no ano seguinte, o estágio de maturidade tem um efeito positivo e o estágio decrescente tem um efeito negativo. As empresas que permanecem no estágio de maturidade têm maior chance de se manter nesse estágio e as empresas nos estágios de crescimento e reestruturação têm maior possibilidade de entrar nas etapas de introdução e declínio do que na fase de maturidade.

Magister Philosophiae - MPhil

Submitted by Anna Krzeminska (anna.m.krzeminska@gmail.com) on 2015-12-03T22:31:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Krzeminska - FGV EBAPE Thesis.pdf: 782414 bytes, checksum: d1eaade223b9b8d735b684cca595090e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2015-12-17T11:19:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Krzeminska - FGV EBAPE Thesis.pdf: 782414 bytes, checksum: d1eaade223b9b8d735b684cca595090e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-12-21T18:36:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Krzeminska - FGV EBAPE Thesis.pdf: 782414 bytes, checksum: d1eaade223b9b8d735b684cca595090e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-21T18:36:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Krzeminska - FGV EBAPE Thesis.pdf: 782414 bytes, checksum: d1eaade223b9b8d735b684cca595090e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-10 / The general idea of this research is to analyze overall firm performance before and after the global financial crisis of 2008. The main question is: What kind of strategies did companies adopt that led to positive business performance after the crisis? Are there any particular competitive advantages that bring better performance in the case of an economic downturn? This research focuses on competitive advantage gained by resource-based view attributes of a product (quality, durability and prestige) and dynamic capabilities (strategic flexibility in product development and technological innovation ability). The economic crisis setting provides a proper background to analyze the competitive advantage strategies in a dynamic, low-probability environment to determine which are most worth adopting in the business world. I employ an OLS regression analysis in order to measure the business performance of 136 Brazilian firms across four years – 2002, 2005, 2008 and 2012. The findings indicate that even though all of the strategic resources and capabilities positively influence firm performance in expansionary periods, only the superior product characteristics are pertinent in surviving an economic downturn.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Adalto v50 final - biblioteca.pdf: 1552598 bytes, checksum: bacd5dde591d97d8aa26646ba2cf96d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-21 / This thesis addresses a fundamental question about trade credit: does market power matter? We answer this question by developing a theoretical framework and researching the empirical impact of market power in trade credit. Our work is organized in three essays. After the introduction section, the first essay encompasses a thorough selected literature review including 85 articles. The majority of this works were published in the last two decades in top ranked journals. Their findings are classified according to the theoretical approach and empirical results pros and cons. Our objective in this chapter is to shed light on the major conclusions and controversies in the state of art regarding trade credit extension. In our second essay we develop a theoretical model to explain the impact of market power in the product market and financial constraints on trade credit extension. Our model is based on a rational profit maximizing firm operating with a certain some market power represented by the price elasticity of its product and with customers presenting a certain degree of financial constraint which reflects in their trade credit term-sensitivity of demand. Besides showing the detailed deduction of this model using a non-linear programming approach (Kuhn-Tucker) we finish this chapter by showing the model implications compared to the trade credit literature. Finally in the third essay we investigate whether market power in the product market affects trade credit decisions. We exploit the 2007-08 credit crisis in the U.S. as an exogenous source of variation in firm external financing conditions, which in turn affects the firms’ ability to exert product market power towards their clients and suppliers. We find that firms with high market power increase their net trade credit days by more than 6 days relatively to firms with low market power during the financial crisis. This effect is economically significant as it represents more than 11% of the median receivable days of the firms in our sample. Our results contribute with the previous literature by documenting an effect of product market competition on trade credit decisions and by bringing into discussion a new dimension that is controversial in the trade credit literature. / Esta tese aborda uma questão fundamental sobre crédito comercial (trade credit): afinal, poder de mercado importa? Respondemos a esta questão através do desenvolvimento de um modelo teórico e pesquisando empiricamente o impacto do poder de mercado em crédito comercial. Nosso trabalho está organizado em três ensaios. Após a seção de introdução, o primeiro ensaio engloba uma minuciosa revisão da literatura selecionada incluindo 85 artigos. A maior parte destes trabalhos foi publicada nas duas últimas décadas em revistas acadêmicas de primeira linha. Os principais resultados destes artigos são classificados de acordo com a abordagem teórica e mostrando prós e contras em resultados empíricos. Nosso objetivo neste capítulo é lançar luz sobre as principais conclusões e controvérsias no estado da arte em matéria de concessão de crédito comercial. Em nosso segundo ensaio, desenvolvemos um modelo teórico para explicar o impacto do poder de mercado e restrições financeiras na extensão do crédito comercial. Nosso modelo é baseado em uma empresa racional que maximiza lucro e opera com determinado poder de mercado representado pela elasticidade-preço de seu produto e com os clientes apresentando certo grau de restrição financeira que reflete em sua sensibilidade de demanda em relação ao prazo do crédito comercial tomado. Além de mostrar a dedução detalhada deste modelo usando uma abordagem de programação não linear (Kuhn-Tucker), concluímos este capítulo, mostrando as implicações de modelo em comparação com a literatura crédito comercial. Finalmente, no terceiro ensaio, investigamos se poder de mercado afeta decisões de concessão de crédito comercial. Exploramos a crise de crédito de 2007-08 nos EUA como um choque exógeno na variação das condições de financiamento externo das firmas, que por sua vez afeta a capacidade das empresas para exercerem poder de mercado em relação aos seus clientes e fornecedores. Nossos dados mostram que as empresas com maior poder de mercado aumentam o prazo líquido de crédito comercial por mais de seis dias em relação a empresas com baixo poder de mercado durante a crise financeira. Este efeito é economicamente significante, pois representa mais de 11% da mediana do prazo médio de recebimento das empresas em nossa amostra. Nossos resultados contribuem com a literatura, documentando o efeito de concorrência no mercado do produto em decisões de crédito comercial e coloca em discussão uma dimensão que ainda gera conclusões controversas na literatura.

Submitted by Mariana De Andrade Melges (melges90@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-06T20:01:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mariana Melges v29 - Final.pdf: 791929 bytes, checksum: d559997ba61743147b902d014b7c9c51 (MD5) / Rejected by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br), reason: Boa tarde, Mariana. Para que possamos aprovar o seu trabalho, é necessário que coloque os títulos em negrito (capa, contracapa e pág 4) e também a página de Lista de Figuras e Tabelas após o Abstract. Qualquer dúvida, mande e-mail no mestradoprofissional@fgv.br ou ligue 3799-7764 Att, Thais Oliveira. on 2017-09-11T18:06:10Z (GMT) / Submitted by Mariana De Andrade Melges (melges90@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-11T19:13:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mariana Melges v30 - Final.pdf: 791981 bytes, checksum: 3777c1b6006db9a3693b501a31d416f8 (MD5) / Rejected by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br), reason: Mariana, boa tarde. Tivemos que rejeitar novamente o seu trabalho, pois vimos que está faltando a "Introdução". Se puder, acrescente-a. Grata! on 2017-09-11T19:22:45Z (GMT) / Submitted by Mariana De Andrade Melges (melges90@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-11T19:41:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mariana Melges v30 - Final.pdf: 793658 bytes, checksum: 8b4eb16864eefcf982b15c25630d8a3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2017-09-11T19:42:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mariana Melges v30 - Final.pdf: 793658 bytes, checksum: 8b4eb16864eefcf982b15c25630d8a3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-12T15:27:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Mariana Melges v30 - Final.pdf: 793658 bytes, checksum: 8b4eb16864eefcf982b15c25630d8a3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-09 / The present paper has the objective of adapt a model of financial intermediation, including in it key elements that drive this sector to a crisis like it was observed in the real world. Were evaluated the most relevant failure point in the relationship of the financial system in the moments that preceded the 2008s crisis, looking for information distortions that could take to a financial crisis. After that, it was presented a theoretical model which defines the equilibrium conditions of the financial system and then presented some applications of the deviations observed in reality to create an operation system that modifies this equilibrium taking it to grow the number of projects that are financed based on an increase of the moral hazard and also the risk of failure of these projects. In the end it was presented methodologies to mitigate the risks of crisis like the one experienced in the last few years. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo adaptar um modelo de intermediação financeira, incluindo nele elementos chave que levam a uma crise no setor financeiro tal qual observado no mundo real. Foram avaliados os principais pontos de falha nas relações do sistema financeiro no período que precedeu a crise de 2008, buscando distorções de informações que possam levar a crises financeiras. Na sequência, foi apresentado um modelo teórico que define as condições de equilíbrio do sistema financeiro, a partir dele foram aplicadas as distorções levantadas da realidade de modo a criar um sistema de operação que modifica as condições de equilíbrio, aumentando a quantidade de projetos sendo financiados com base em um aumento do risco de falha desses projetos. Por fim foram apresentadas metodologias que mitigam os riscos de ocorrência de crises como as recém observadas.