I mitt arbete har jag genom användandet av diffraktion analyserat spelkaraktärer för att se hurkaraktärerna använder estetik och visuella utryck för att beskriva karaktärsdrag och bakgrundsamt hur de kan användas i nya berättelser. Genom användandet av the good eye metoden harjag analyserat ett flertal spelkaraktärer genom att dela upp deras estetik i innehåll, färg,rumsligt innehåll, ljus och uttryck och sedan försökt applicera dessa på redan skrivnakaraktärer för ett digitalt spel och anpassa dem till spelvärldens visuella estetik. / In this thesis I have analysed game characters through the use of diffraction to see how thecharacters use aesthetics and visual expressions to describe characteristics, background andhow they can be used in new stories. I have analysed multiple game characters using the goodeye method and divided their aesthetics into content, color spatial organisation, light, andexpressive content and then tried to apply it on already written characters for a digital gameand adapt them to the aesthetics of the game world.

Multiple group memberships are the rule rather than the exception. Locally operating groups frequently offer the advantage of providing social recognition and higher marginal benefits to the individual, whereas globally operating groups may be more beneficial from a social perspective. Within a voluntary contribution environment we experimentally investigate the tension that arises when subjects belong to a smaller local and a larger global group. When the global public good is more efficient individuals first attempt to cooperate in the global public good. However, this tendency quickly unravels and cooperation in the local public good builds up. (author´s abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

This article explores the specific capacity of TV courtroom drama to dramatize civic issues and to seduce viewers to an active engagement with such issues. I argue that television series of this genre eyploit the apparent theatricality of their subject matter-trials-to invite their audiences to the deliberation of social or political issues, issues that they negotiate in their courtroom plots. contemporary courtroom dramas amend this issue orientation with a self-reflexive dimension in wich they encourage viewers to also reflect on how the dramatic construction of 'issues' shapes their civic debate. I unfold this argument through a reading of episodes from two very different legal dramas, Boston Legal (2004-2008) and The Good Wife (2009-).

African states are often called corrupt indicating that the political system in Africa differs from the one prevalent in the economically advanced democracies. This however does not give us any insight into what makes corruption the ruling norm of African statehood. Thus we must turn to the overly neglected theoretical work on the political economy of Africa in order to determine how the poverty of governance in Africa is firmly anchored both in Africa’s domestic socioeconomic reality, as well as in the region’s role in the international economic order. Instead of focusing on increased monitoring, enforcement and formal democratic procedures, this book integrates economic analysis with political theory in order to arrive at a better understanding of the political-economic roots of corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa. / Häufig werden die afrikanischen Staaten als durch und durch ‚korrumpiert‘ bezeichnet, also unterstellt, dass sich die politischen Systeme Sub-Sahara Afrikas in ihrer Funktionsweise von denen fortgeschrittener Demokratien unterscheiden, ohne dass deutlich wird, was Korruption zur Norm afrikanischer Staatlichkeit macht. Aus diesem Grund greift diese Studie auf bereits vorliegende, aber häufig vernachlässigte theoretische Arbeiten zur politischen Ökonomie Sub-Sahara Afrikas zurück. Es wird gezeigt, wie ‚bad governance‘ in den sozioökonomischen Gegebenheiten afrikanischer Staaten verankert ist und welche Bedeutung die Rolle der afrikanischen Staaten innerhalb der Weltwirtschaftsordnung spielt. Anstatt immerzu die verschärfte Aufsicht und die Durchsetzung rechtsstaatlicher Prinzipien zu fordern, integriert diese Studie ökonomische Analyse mit politischer Theorie, um die politökonomischen Wurzeln der Korruption in Sub-Sahara Afrika besser verstehen zu können.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 1986. / INDLEIDING: Ten spyte van die belangrike bydrae wat die meubelmakers oor meer as drie eeue gelewer het t.o.v. die vervaardiging van een van die belangrikste gebruiksartikels in die Kaapse huishoudings, is daar nag min aandag aan die onderwerp bestee. Slegs enkele navorsers soos H. Aucamp (1971), M. Baraitser en A. Obholzer (1971), J.L.M. Franken (1940) en J. Hoge (1946) verwys na enkele meubelmakers, timmermans, draaiers, voeërs en beeldsnyers wat meubels gemaak het. Daar is egter nog geensins 'n geheelbeeld saamgestel oor die herkoms van die Kaapse meubels en die vakmanne wat dit plaaslik vervaardig het nie. Die doel van hierdie studie is om vas te stel wie die mense was wat die Kaapse meubels sedert die volksplanting plaaslik vervaardig het. Die studie het ook ten doel om, waar moontlik, te onderskei tussen die verskillende soorte vakmanne wat meubels gemaak het, nl. kabinetmakers, stoelmakers, draaiers, voeërs, beeldsnyers en timmermans.

Despite significant growth in the number of 'good governance' initiatives promising to generate optimum developmental outcomes in resource-rich countries, there is surprisingly little empirical information about their sector and country-specific dynamics. This thesis focusses on how external 'good governance' norms and institutions interact with domestic actors and organisations to shape the institutional landscape of resource-rich countries. This objective is pursued by means of an in-depth case study of Ghana, a Sub-Saharan African nation that has become a middle-sized exporter of crude oil since January 2011. More specifically, it scrutinises two major reform efforts designed to steer the country's oil industry towards a developmental direction: the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), an international auditing and multi-stakeholder oversight mechanism, and the Public Interest and Accountability Committee, a home-grown citizens' oversight initiative in Ghana. The analytical lens employed in the study is based on comparative political economy and comparative institutional analysis. They are employed to make sense of the dialectic between the promise of corrective 'good governance' measures and the mirage of reform outcomes in the Ghanaian oil sector. The main argument advanced here is that 'good governance' solutions in the oil industry are essentially weak instruments, due to their inability to grapple with deep-seated instrumental politics, perverse institutional environment, and elite capture that continue to undermine reform in Ghana. This point is adduced to highlight the shortcomings of the 'good governance' agenda. The thesis draws from multiple data sources, collected through semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders, public officials, NGOs and community activists, development agencies, and oil companies. These are complemented by archival research, documentary sources, non-participant observation, and workshops.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur ett föräldraskap som är good enough beskrivs och definieras av personal på ett utredningshem för barn och föräldrar. Metoden som användes var en semistrukturerad fokusgruppsintervju med ett urval av personal från ett utredningshem. Resultatet analyserades utifrån socialkonstruktionism och ett genusperspektiv. Resultatet visade att utredningspersonalen hade en samstämmig definition och beskrivning av när ett föräldraskap är och inte är good enough. Fokusgruppen delade uppfattningen om att ett good enough föräldraskap innebär att föräldrar behöver visa personalen förändringsförmåga och förmåga till att mentalisera kring barnets behov utifrån ett åldersadekvat bemötande. Informanterna ansåg inte att de gör skillnad på mödrar och fäder gällande ansvarsfördelning. Utifrån socialkonstruktionistisk teori diskuterades huruvida det är möjligt för föräldrar att visa personalen efterfrågade föräldraegenskaper då utredningshemmets sociala konstruktioner av vad det innebär att vara good enough förälder kan kollidera med föräldrarnas. / The aim of this study was to investigate how a parenthood that is good enough is described and defined by personnel at an assessment home for children and parents. The method used was a semi-structured focus group interview with a selection of personnel from an assessment home. The result was analysed based on social constructionism and gender perspective. The results showed that the assessment personnel had a consistent definition and description of when a parenthood is and is not good enough. The focus group shared the notion that a good enough parenting means that parents need to show the personnel the ability to change and the ability to mentor about the child's needs based on age-sensitive treatment. The informants did not consider that they make a distinction between mothers and fathers regarding the division of responsibilities. Based on social construction theory, it was discussed whether parents can show the requested parenting skills when the social construction of the assessment home of what it means to be good enough parent may collide with the parents.

This thesis looks at concepts of progress and agricultural deveIopment in the Cape Colony in the aftermath of the South African War (1899-1902). The first decade of the twentieth century was one of economic crisis. War was followed by a severe depression exacerbated by a slump in the diamond industry, which prompted doubts about the longevity of the country’s mineral resources. It was also a period of recurrent drought which aroused concerns about food security and criticisms about the Colony’s reliance on imported victuals and primary products such as timber. In this context, self-professed ‘progressive’ politicians and commercial farmers looked to the land as the most viable source of national wealth. Politically this period was dominated by Leander Starr Jameson’s Progressive Party, which held office from February 1904 until February 1908. The thesis analyses how this Party, usually associated with mining capital and Rhodes’s legacy, deliberately promoted itself as the progenitor of agricultural progressivism in terms of its rhetoric and the policies it pursued. Agricultural amelioration was linked to conservation. Scientific methods and systematic land management strategies were advocated to protect and enhance scarce water resources, soil fertility and pastures on which the rural economy depended. The state positioned itself as the provider of scientific expertise and introduced legislation to promote and regulate the agricultural economy and environment. The Cape was influenced in part by conservationist developments, which occurred contemporaneously in Australia and, in particular, in the United States. Historians of American history have identified the early twentieth century there as the ‘Progressive Era’. This thesis explores the scientific links that emerged between the governments of these two countries and argues that the Cape too self-consciously promoted itself as a progressive state with agricultural development and conservation constructed as two of the principal pillars of progress.

Text in Afrikaans / No abstract available / History

The DPS-4D is the latest version of digital ionosonde developed by the UMLCAR (University of Massachusetts in Lowell Center for Atmospheric Research) in 2008. This new ionosonde has advances in both the hardware and software which allows for the promised advanced capabilities. The aim of this thesis was to present results from an experiment undertaken using the Hermanus DPS-4D (34.4°S 19.2°E, South Africa), the first of this version to be installed globally, to answer a science question outside of the normally expected capabilities of an ionosonde. The science question posed focused on the ability of the DPS-4D to provide information on day-time Pc3 pulsations evident in the ionosphere. Day-time Pc3 ULF waves propagating down through the ionosphere cause oscillations in the Doppler shift of High Frequency (HF) radio transmissions that are correlated with the magnetic pulsations recorded on the ground. Evidence is presented which shows that no correlation exists between the ground magnetic pulsation data and DPS-4D ionospheric data. The conclusion was reached that although the DPS-4D is more advanced in its eld of technology than its predecessors it may not be used to observe Pc3 pulsations.