La normalisation du système totalitaire implique un monde où l'aliénation de l'existence individuelle est devenue un fait quotidien. Le sauvetage de l'esprit de l'homme en de pareilles conditions dépend de démarches comme celles de Karl Jaspers, Gabriel Marcel et Paul Ricœur, qui posent la question de la transcendance.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-07-03T13:31:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cynthia Franceska Cardoso.pdf: 8213560 bytes, checksum: d00568b28af28dd8825bb7a538eebafe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-03T13:31:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cynthia Franceska Cardoso.pdf: 8213560 bytes, checksum: d00568b28af28dd8825bb7a538eebafe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this work was to map the path taken by indigenous people to access the benefits and social services offered by the Social Assistance and Social Security policies, in São Gabriel da Cachoeira (AM). The municipality has a territorial extension of 109,184.9 km². Located in the extreme northwest of the state, it borders the west with Colombia and the north with Venezuela. Approximately 95% of the inhabitants are indigenous belonging to more than 30 indigenous group of at least 23 languages. This sociocultural diversity and geographic isolation set several challenges to the implementation of social policies Two methods were used in this research: the ethnography, that required a long stay in the place, the interaction with the subjects, the continuous observation, and a detailed transcription of the information collected; also the research-action-participation (RAP), that proposes to study certain groups through a dialogical relationship between the researcher and the community, in which both are active subjects in the construction of research and knowledge, and that presupposes a devolution to the community. In the case of this work, there was a denunciation report on several situations of violations of social rights, later sent to the Federal Public Ministry of Amazonas. The instruments used included a bibliographical survey, participant and non-participant observation, structured interviews with open and semi-structured questions, field reports, participation in events, holding meetings, formal and informal conversations, tabulation of the information collected and the transformation into quantitative and qualitative data, as well as their analysis. The sample of the universe was 130 people. Of these, 43 were users of the services, 54 users of the Social Security Policy who were not interviewed, but had the attendance observed, 22 were technicians and managers of social services and 11 were members of organized civil society. Fieldwork lasted four months and has led us to reflect that access to social benefits and services by indigenous people poses challenges to every society, especially the indigenous movement, the state and the scientific community / O objetivo deste trabalho foi mapear o caminho percorrido por indígenas para acessar benefícios e serviços sociais ofertados pelas políticas de Assistência e Previdência Social, em São Gabriel da Cachoeira (AM). O município possui uma extensão territorial de 109.184,9 km², está localizado no extremo noroeste do estado, faz fronteira a oeste com a Colômbia e ao norte com a Venezuela. Aproximadamente 95% dos habitantes são indígenas, pertencentes a mais de trinta povos falantes de, no mínimo, 23 línguas. Esta diversidade sociocultural e o isolamento geográfico estabelecem diversos desafios à execução das políticas sociais. Dois métodos foram utilizados nesta pesquisa: a etnografia, que exigiu uma longa permanência no local, a interação com os sujeitos envolvidos, a observação contínua e a transcrição minuciosa das informações coletadas; e a investigação-ação-participação (IAP), que propõe estudar determinados grupos por uma relação dialógica entre pesquisador e comunidade, na qual ambos são sujeitos ativos na construção da investigação e do conhecimento, pressupondo-se uma devolutiva à comunidade. No caso deste trabalho, houve a produção de um relatório denúncia sobre as diversas situações de violações de direitos sociais apuradas, encaminhado ao Ministério Público Federal do Amazonas. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o levantamento bibliográfico, a observação participante e não participante, as entrevistas estruturadas com perguntas abertas e as semiestruturadas, os relatórios de campo, a participação em eventos, a realização de reuniões, as conversas formais e informais, a tabulação das informações coletadas e a transformação em dados quantitativos e qualitativos, bem como sua análise. A amostra do universo foi de 130 pessoas. Destas, 43 eram usuários dos serviços, 54 usuários da Política de Previdência Social que não foram entrevistados, mas tiveram o atendimento observado, 22 eram técnicos e gestores dos serviços sociais e onze eram integrantes da sociedade civil organizada. O trabalho em campo durou quatro meses e nos levou a refletir sobre o acesso aos benefícios e serviços sociais por povos indígenas, que impõe desafios a toda sociedade, sobretudo ao movimento indígena, ao Estado e à comunidade científica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta investigación parte de la noción de Real Maravilloso tomando los principales estudiosos del tema y enseguida destaca los elementos significativos en la escrita del colombiano Gabriel García Márquez, principalmente en su obra Cien años de soledad de 1967. El escritor al convertirse en una de las figuras más importantes de la vertiente literaria del Real Maravilloso y uno de los nombres de más relieve del boom de la literatura latinoamericana, extrapola el ámbito literario, prestando su estilo a otras manifestaciones artísticas, entre ellas el cine. Partiendo de esa idea de que el universo ficcional de Márquez se encuentra diseminado también en el cine fueron elegidas para análisis las narrativas fílmicas: Como agua para chocolate, del director mexicano Alfonso Arau, y A casa dos espíritos, del director danés Bille August, pues se configuran como adaptaciones de dos importantes novelas de las escritoras Isabel Allende e Laura Esquivel, que según la crítica se inspiran en el Real Maravilloso marqueziano . Para la realización de esta investigación fueron indispensables los estudios de Alejo Carpentier sobre el Real Maravilloso, principalmente en su prólogo de O reino de este mundo (2009), los conceptos de Antonio R. Esteves y Eurídice Figueiredo (2010), Irlemar Chiampi (2008), Bella Jozef, Mario Vargas Llosa (2007), Robert Stam (2008), Carolina Marinho (2009). / Este estudo inicialmente parte da noção de Real Maravilhoso tomando os principais estudiosos do tema e posteriormente ressalta os elementos significativos na escrita do colombiano Gabriel García Márquez, principalmente em sua obra Cem anos de solidão de 1967. O escritor ao tornar-se uma das figuras mais importantes da vertente literária do Real Maravilhoso e um dos nomes mais citados do boom da literatura latino-americana, extrapola o âmbito literário, emprestando seu estilo a outras manifestações artísticas, dentre elas o cinema. Partindo desse pressuposto de que o universo ficcional de Márquez encontra-se disseminado também no cinema foram escolhidas para análise as narrativas fílmicas: Como água para chocolate, do diretor mexicano Alfonso Arau, e A casa dos espíritos, do diretor dinamarquês Bille August, por configurar-se como adaptações de dois importantes romances das escritoras Isabel Allende e Laura Esquivel, que de acordo com a crítica bebem na fonte do Real Maravilhoso marqueziano . Para a realização desta investigação foram indispensáveis os estudos de Alejo Carpentier sobre o Real Maravilhoso, principalmente seu prólogo de O reino deste mundo (2009), as conceituações de Antonio R. Esteves e Eurídice Figueiredo (2010), Irlemar Chiampi (2008), Bella Jozef, Mario Vargas Llosa (2007), Robert Stam (2008), Carolina Marinho (2009) / Mestre em Teoria Literária

De 1913 à 1947, entre la première prestation de ses choeurs jusqu’au décès de sa fondatrice, Marguerite Le Meignen, la Schola Cantorum de Nantes connaît une activité ininterrompue malgré deux guerres mondiales et un contexte politique agité. Le groupement naît dans une ville prospère avant la Première Guerre mondiale où la vie musicale est fort diversifiée, le théâtre lyrique occupant cependant la première place. Grâce à Marguerite Le Meignen, une femme à la très forte personnalité, une société de concerts voit le jour. Très solidement organisée, sachant communiquer avec brio, elle propose des programmes variés tant l’hiver que l’été. Le lien avec la Schola Cantorum de Paris fondée par Vincent d’Indy, affirmé avec conviction au début de l’apparition de la Schola de Nantes, se relâche très rapidement pour laisser place à une réalisation originale. La place hégémonique de Marguerite Le Meignen qui domine la vie musicale nantaise pendant trente-quatre ans, empêche la pluralité, même si elle finit par être en concurrence avec d’autres groupements symphoniques dont le principal, l’Association des Concerts Symphoniques du Conservatoire de Nantes préfigure l’actuel Orchestre National des Pays de la Loire. / From 1913 to 1947, since the first choirs performance to the death of her founder, Marguerite Le Meignen, Nantes Schola Cantorum experienced an uninterrupted activity, despite two world wars and a disturbed political context. The group is born in Nantes, a flourishing town before WWI where musical life is greatly diversified, despite the predominance of lyric theater. Thanks to Marguerite Le Meignen, a very strong personality, a concert company comes. With a great sense of organization, knowing how to communicate with brio, she suggests various programs both winter and summer. The link with Paris Schola Cantorum founded by Vincent d’Indy, assured with conviction at the creation of Nantes Schola, soon vanished very quickly. Marguerite Le Meignen’s hegemonic place, dominating Nantes musical life during thirty-four years, prevented plurality, evenif she ends up competing with other symphonic bands, particulary the famoust « Association des Concerts Symphoniques du Conservatoire de Nantes » who prefigures the actuel « Orchestre National des Pays de la Loire ».

This thesis interrogates García Márquez’s representations of sexualities in the following selected novels: Chronicle of a Death Foretold (1981); The Autumn of the Patriarch (1975); One Hundred Years of Solitude (1967); The Sad and Incredible Tale of Innocent Erendira and her Heartless Grandmother (1972); and Memories of My Melancholy Whores (2004). It is argued here that García Márquez’s employment of the sexuality motif enables him to delve into many worldwide current concerns such as the irrelevance of some socio-cultural sexual practices; commercial sexual exploitation of children; the different manifestations of prostitution; and female powerlessness under autocratic rule. Earlier literary critics have tended to narrowly interpret García Márquez’s employment of the sexuality motif as just a metaphor for colonial exploitation of the colonised. The study also explores the writer’s artistic role and concludes that García Márquez speaks against commercial sexual exploitation of children as he concurrently speaks on behalf of children so exploited. Similarly, the writer speaks on behalf of prostituted womanhood by showing how prostitutional gains do not seem to cascade down to the prostitutes themselves. García Márquez also invests female sexual passivity as a coping mechanism against a dictator’s limitless power over the life and death of his citizens. However, the writer also constructs female agency that grows from the rejection of an initial victimhood to develop into an extremely flawed and corrupt flesh trade that co-opts and indentures children into sex work with impunity. Thus the study breaks new ground to show that García Márquez’s representations of different sexualities are not merely soft porn masquerading as art. His is a voice added to the worldwide concerns over commercial sexual exploitation of children in the main and also the recovery of a self-reliant female self-hood that was previously inextricably bound to male sexual norms. Quite clearly, García Márquez demonstrates that female prostitution is driven by a lack of social safety nets, a lack of other economically viable options and also a distinct lack of educational opportunities for female economic independence, hence the flawed female agency. / English Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (English)

There are very few significant sonatas for flute and piano written between 1880 and 1918, a period of unusually rich stylistic diversity. Gabriel Pierné composed his Sonata in D Minor, Op. 36 for piano and violin in 1900, and later transcribed it for flute and piano. Unfortunately, the work has not been embraced to a significant extent by either violinists or flutists. The wealth of violin sonatas from this period might explain it not becoming part of the canon for violinists, but this is not the case for the flute repertoire, where it seems that it should hold a place of genuine importance. Since little has been written about Pierné as a composer or about this piece in either of its versions, this project is intended to promote an understanding of the work in its historical and theoretical context and to advocate for more frequent performances. This document also suggests an alternate version of several particular passages so it can better represent the characteristics of today's flute and its modern techniques. This research will help other flutists and flute professors to introduce and spread an awareness of its existence and ideally helping to establish its place in the flute repertoire. From a historical standpoint, this dissertation also offers a case study of Gabriel Pierné's place, both stylistically and institutionally, in the history of French music in fin-de-siècle. Both of these goals fill important gaps in the existing research literature.

This dissertation offers a genealogy of political theory as a subfield of American political science. Over five chapters, it traces the subfield’s development from late nineteenth-century America until the 1970s and asks how leading practitioners responded to a series of political conjunctions. The first chapter asks how political theory emerged from the progressive movement and was characterized by a racist, “Teutonist” intellectual framework that lasted until the First World War. The war led to the demise of this initial framework, leaving political theory without an anchor. The second chapter asks how a leading political theorist, Charles Merriam, sought to resuscitate political theory by making it more “scientific,” focusing on analyzing political behavior. This chapter demonstrates how interaction with the city of Chicago forced Merriam’s thought into more egalitarian directions. The third chapter charts political theory in “the age of fear.” It shows how Merriam and his student Harold Lasswell sought to thicken liberalism and conceptualize its totalitarian alternatives. The fourth chapter asks how leading behavioralists—including Gabriel Almond, Robert Dahl, and David Truman, as well as Louis Hartz—deployed political theory to characterize, congratulate, and criticize the tenets of American liberalism in the context of the Cold War. In the project’s final chapter, I ask how political theory went its own way as a subfield. Amidst the tumult of the 1960s, its leading practitioners—including Sheldon Wolin and Leo Strauss—found themselves politically at odds with behavioralism. Their opposition to the practice of political science led them to associate humanism with radical political critique. By offering a history of political theory that puts behavioralism at its center, the dissertation unsettles conventional narratives within political science that characterize political theory as the other of “empirical social science.” Second, by highlighting a tradition of thought that married systematic empiricism and normative intent, the dissertation critically recaptures a realistic mode of political theorizing. Raymond Geuss has called for political theory to engage more with the facts of the political world. My dissertation offers a way forward. It reminds readers that empiricism can be a normative venture and highlights the close affinity between political science and theory. Many political scientists, I argue, were engaged in a project we can term “operational political theory.” They took theoretic concepts—such as democracy—and furnished them with empirical evidence. They asked how political theory worked in practice and then evaluated extant practices according to political theoretic norms.

My dissertation examines radical Protestant propaganda of the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648). It investigates the radicals’ depiction of foreign allies of the German Protestants as well as the presentation of German Catholic leaders in pamphlets and broadsheets of the war. Through analysis of representative sources portraying Prince Bethlen Gabor of Transylvania and King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, it examines the arguments used to gain support for foreign Protestant figureheads among the moderates of the Protestant camp. The dissertation also investigates the presentation of Emperor Ferdinand II and Duke Maximilian of Bavaria in order to determine how propagandists denounced German Catholic rulers as no longer worthy of German Protestant allegiance or tolerance. My conclusion demonstrates how radical propagandists sought to change moderate Protestant attitudes towards German Catholic rulers and foreign allies through a cohesive and sophisticated campaign.

During the late 19th century, arts and literature had a surge of sensory awareness, made manifest through sensory analogy, intersensory metaphor, and synaesthesia. This dissertation explores this phenomenon through a study of five poets and artists: Charles Baudelaire, Arthur Rimbaud, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, John Barlas, and Julia Margaret Cameron. Using imaginative sensing, these artists transformed the relationship between artist and observer, assigning greater responsibility to their audience while simultaneously asserting artistic control of their work. Their fascination with sensory mixing and multisensory awareness demonstrates unique ideas about perception and embodiment, ideas that have sparked both controversy and imitation. I begin with a brief history of the condition known as synaesthesia, considering its position as an “abnormal” clinical condition, a desired artistic state of transcendence, and a simple transfer of metaphor. Chapter 1 describes how two French poems brought synaesthesia to public consciousness and prompted a literary movement. In Chapter 2, I explore how poet-painter Dante Rossetti used “acts of attention” and unheard music to demand viewers’ embodied participation. Chapter 3 introduces John Barlas, a relatively obscure British poet who crafted exotic, sensory-laden environments that hovered between the actual and imagined, insisting that the reader use his sensory imagination to participate. Moving to the realm of photography in Chapter 4, I consider Julia Margaret Cameron, whose “out-of-focus” pictures changed photography from a mechanistic technology to high art by incorporating the sense of touch. Historically, the senses have been ranked and separated, with priority given to vision, the sense most associated with reason. I argue that considering the senses as bundles of interconnected experiences and through imagination rather than as isolated methods of physical perception can show how the senses function culturally and give us a much greater understanding of how we process the world. While no time period has regarded the senses with the intensity of the late 19th century, the embodied approach of the era can be applied to our current “sensory revolution” and can impact how we regard technology, cultural studies, and interdisciplinarity. Evaluating how 19th century artists blended the senses through imaginative constructs gives a more thorough explanation of the characteristic sensuality of the period and provides a model for how sensing can function more fully in current endeavors.

Muerte y justicia constituyeron dos temas que ocuparon un lugar central en las preocupaciones de las sociedades de Antiguo Régimen. En las ejecuciones confluían ambos; no les podían resultar indiferentes, por lo que no llama la atención que la población participara activamente en ellas. La presente investigación aborda el tema en el Perú del siglo XVIII. Siglo signado por transformaciones a todo nivel y reformas que están en el origen de múltiples revueltas y rebeliones, a las ejecuciones de delincuentes "comunes" y a la de la última persona relajada al brazo secular por la inquisición, se suman las de los sediciosos. El corpus resulta por lo tanto, abultado. El trabajo sostiene la necesidad de destacar la función de "memoria de la muerte" que la ejecución cumplió, junto a las de vindicta, escarmiento, retribución y espectáculo de poder. Considera que esto contribuyó a que la ejecución fuera un momento de gran tensión en el que la población se encontraba presta a leer los signos que indicarían si la persona salvaba o no su alma. Busca demostrar cómo la política borbónica intentó invadir paulatinamente ámbitos que competían a lo espiritual, y que cuando las rebeliones adquirieron mayor peligrosidad para el régimen, este dio sentencias de muerte que pretendían manipular los resortes religiosos para que la represión y el escarmiento fueran radicales. Con ello de alguna manera hacía extensible el castigo a los cuerpos, al de las almas. / Tesis