Inom loppet av sex månader mördades tre personer i Hudiksvalls kommun. Morden blev uppmärksammade i media och beskrevs som brutala i sitt tillvägagångssätt. En 20-årig man dömdes för mordet på Vanja Nilsson och Kjell List och en 22-årig man dömdes för mordet på Tova Moberg.Ambitionen med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur Hudiksvalls tidning med hjälp av gestaltning och dramaturgi formar en mediebild av en individ. I det här fallet en bild av två män, från att dessa häktats fram tills dess att påföljd meddelats av tingsrätten. Ännu en ambition var att undersöka hur samma tidning förhållit sig enligt det pressetiska ramverket i sin rapportering kring gärningsmännen och dess offer.Teoretiska utgångspunkter aktuella för uppsatsen har varit gestaltningsteori och dramaturgi. Dessa visar hur och med vilka hjälpmedel man framställer händelser och individer i media. Utgångspunkten medier och brott blev en stor tillgång då den fokuserar helt på medierna och dess omättliga aptit för brott och avvikelser. Pressetiken och de pressetiska rekommendationerna var nödvändiga för att se hur Hudiksvalls tidning förhållit sig enligt dessa.Uppsatsen är huvudsakligen kvalitativ men har stärkts med kvantitativ metod.Analysen visade att Hudiksvalls tidning gestaltat gärningsmännen utifrån avvikelser i vederbörandes personlighet och bakgrund. Hos 20-åringen var gestaltningen nyanserad av mannens psykiska ohälsa medan gestaltningen av 22-åringen var influerad av mannens bakgrund med droger och kriminalitet. Pressetiskt visade sig ett ställningstagande från tidningens sida där man gick ut med den ena gärningsmannens identitet i form av både bild och namn, medan den andra gärningsmannen förblev anonym.I analysen med fokus på gärningsmännens offer, var resultatet att namn och bild publicerades på alla tre offren. I fallet Tova Moberg fann jag att det till viss del fanns ett allmänintresse då hon från början var anmäld som försvunnen. I fallet Vanja Nilsson och Kjell List fann jag däremot inget uppenbart allmänintresse i identifierandet av offer, att Hudiksvalls tidning är en lokaltidning visade sig däremot vara av betydelse. / In less than six months three people are murdered in the county of Hudiksvall, Sweden. The homicides were described as brutal and received a lot of media attention. A 20-year-old man was later convicted for the murder of Vanja Nilsson and Kjell List and a 22-year-old man are later convicted for the murder of Tova Moberg. The ambition with this paper has been to examine how Hudiksvalls newspaper, with the help of framing and dramaturgy creates a media image of a person. In this case, an image of two men, from the moment they were arrested, until penalty was given by the district court. Another ambition was to investigate how the same newspaper handled the media coverage in relation with the [Swedish] press ethical framework, both in its reporting about the perpetrators and its victims.Theoretical framework relevant to this essay has been framing theory and dramaturgy. These show how and with which means you make and portray events and individuals in the media. Media and crime were also a big theoretical asset since its main focus is on the relation between media and crimes. The [Swedish] press ethical framework was necessary as a theoretical approach since one of the essays main issues were to see how Hudiksvalls newspaper handled the media coverage in relation to the press ethical guidelines. The essay is mainly qualitative but has been strengthened by quantitative method.The analysis showed that Hudiksvalls newspaper portrayed the perpetrators based on abnormalities in their personality and backgrounds. The image of the 20-year-old man was shaded by the his psychological problems, while the image of the 22-year-old was influenced by his background with drugs and crimes. The analysis also showed that the newspaper revealed the identity of one of the perpetrators’, while the other offender remained anonymous.In the analysis focusing on the perpetrators' victims, the result showed that names and images were published off all three victims. In the case of Tova Moberg, I found that to some extent there was a public interest since she initially was reported as a missing person. However, in the case of Vanja Nilsson and Kjell List I found no obvious public interest in revealing their identity, all though the fact that Hudiksvalls newspaper is a local newspaper, proved to be of importance in the matter.

The purpose of this essay is to investigate how the Swedish media framed the political party, the Swedish Democrats, two weeks prior to the election of parliament in 2014. This essay starts with the historical background of the political party, the Swedish Democrats, and continues with the theoretical framework for the essay. The theoretical framework consists of three theories: framing, media logic and media’s role in the democratic society. The essay’s main problem is presented as the question: What media image was there of the Swedish Democrats before the election of parliament in 2014? The main problem is answered by using a quantitative content analysis on the essay’s empirical material, 68 news articles from four Swedish daily newspapers. Results show that the Swedish Democrats have been framed negatively in the media prior to the election of parliament in 2014.

Tidigare forskning visar att nyhetsrapporteringar i media har en tendens att gestalta våld mot kvinnor som isolerade händelser och inte som ett utbrett problem, samtidigt som annan forskning menar på att det är ett socialt problem i nära relationer. Genom en kvalitativ språklig innehållsanalys har 30 nyhetsartiklar analyserats mellan 2007–2021 för att undersöka om det finns några skillnader eller likheter i nyhetsrapporteringen gällande våldsbrott mot kvinnor över tid. Resultatet av analysen tyder på att det knappt skett någon förändring i hur nyhetsartiklar gällande våldsbrott mot kvinnor gestaltas de senaste 15 åren. / Previous research shows that news reports in the media have an tendency to portray violence against women as isolated events and not as a widespread problem, while other research suggests that it is a social problem in close relationships. Through a qualitative linguistic content analysis, 30 news articles were analyzed between 2007–2021 to investigate whether there are any differences or similarities in the news reporting regarding violent crimes against women over time. The results of the analysis indicate that there has hardly been any change in how news articles regarding violent crimes against women are portrayed in the last 15 years.

The Moon Race in Swedish Newspapers: A Newspaper Analysis of Sputnik 1 and Apollo 11. This study will investigate Sputnik 1 and Apollo 11. This will be done in the form of a newspaper analysis, and the newspapers being analyzed are Svenska Dagbladet, Expressen and Dagens Nyheter. The study will address the differences and similarities in the newspapers reporting on Sputnik 1 and Apollo 11. It will also explore how these events may have been experienced by those who read theses specific newspapers. Finally, the study will discuss how this outcome can be utilized in history education. The study uses a qualitative mothodology. The theories used are gestalt theory and philosophical geography. The study concludes that the newspapers have different overarching themes they write from, and that Sputnik 1 and Apollo 11 were likely experienced differently depending on which newspaper you read. Lastly, the study finds that the outcome can be used for educational purposes by demonstrating to students the complexity of the Cold War era.

Studiens syfte är att utforska hur Aftonbladet och Expressen gestaltade bostadsministern Mehmet Kaplan från den 14 april 2016 fram till 18 april 2016 då han avgick som minister. Syftet är också att se hur förändring av gestaltningen under dessa dagar ter sig. Slutligen kommer studien att jämföra de två tidningarna för att se om och hur de skiljer sig åt i sin gestaltning. De frågeställningar som studien utifrån detta syfte ämnar behandla är följande. -       Hur gestaltas Mehmet Kaplan mellan den 14- 18 april? -       Hur förändras gestaltningen under dessa dagar? -       Hur skiljer sig de olika tidningarnas gestaltning åt?   Metoden som tillämpas är en kvalitativ textanalys, som i praktiken innebär att ställa frågor till texten. Frågorna har byggts upp utifrån Strömbäcks och Entmans teori och definition av gestaltningens fyra grundläggande egenskaper. Vidare har resonemanget om den journalistiska dramaturgins grundläggande element och språkliga redskap inom sensationsjournalistik, använts som stöd i utformandet av analysfrågorna.   Analysmaterialet är hämtat från Retriever, begränsat på redaktionellt digitalt publicerade artiklar mellan datumen 14 - 18 april. Urvalet resulterade i 23 aktiva analysenheter för studien varav är 11 från Aftonbladet och 12 från Expressen.   Studiens resultat är att Mehmet Kaplan gestaltades från Aftonbladet och Expressens håll som otillgänglig, antisemitisk och islamistisk. Samtidigt vidhöll hans politiska kollegor utåt att Kaplan var humanist, demokrat och antirasist. Rapporteringen under de fyra aktuella dagarna var i olika skeenden. En upptrappning, följas av tystnad och sedan explodera i en enorm rapportering, fram tills att Kaplan avgått. Rapporteringen mellan de tidningarna skiljde sig åt, det förklaras i studien på grund av dess olika politiska ideologier. / The study aims to explore how Aftonbladet and Expressen portrayed Housing Minister Mehmet Kaplan from April 142016 until April 18, 2016 when he resigned as minister. The aim is also to see how the change in depiction during these days seems. Finally, the study will compare the two newspapers to see if and how they differ in their interpretation. The issues that the study on the basis that purpose intend to treat is the following. -How portrayed Mehmet Kaplan from 14-18 April? -How to change the design on these days? -How do the various newspaper design at? The method used is a qualitative text analysis, whichin practice means to put questions to the text. The questions have been built up on the basis Strömbäcks and Entmans theory and definition of Gestalt Association four basic characteristics. Furthermore, the reasoning of the journalistic dramaturgy basic elements and linguistic tools in sensational journalism, used to support the design of analytical questions. The analysis material is taken from the Retriever, bounded on digital editorial articles published between the dates of April 14 to 18. The selection resulted in 23 active units of analysis for the study of which 11 are from Aftonbladet and 12 from Expressen. The study's resultis that Mehmet Kaplan figure was from Aftonbladet and Expressen hold as unavailable, anti-Semitic and Islamist. At the sametime maintained his political colleagues out that Kaplan was a humanist, democrat and anti-racist. Reporting during the four days in question were in various stages. An escalation,followed by silence and then explode in a huge reporting, until the Kaplanresigned. The reporting of the newspapers differed, it is explained in the study because of its different political ideologies.

Denna undersökning syftar till att undersöka hur svensk dags- och kvällspress porträtterar den misstänkte gärningsmannen för terrordådet i Stockholm den 7 april 2017. Vidare ämnar undersökningen granska hur pressens språk stärker stereotypiska uppfattningar, samt belysa eventuella likheter och skillnader i framställningen av den misstänkte gärningsmannen. För denna granskning tillämpas en kvalitativ innehållsanalys på totalt 102 artiklar publicerade under en treveckorsperiod i tidningarna Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet och Expressen. Ur analysresultaten framgår att den misstänkte gärningsmannen skildras övervägande likartat och konsekvent i de fyra tidningarna, med betoning på dennes nationalitet, religion och ideologi. Utifrån det dras slutsatsen att språket i materialet skildrar den misstänkte gärningsmannen stereotypiskt och därigenom ger upphov till en samhällsomfattande reaktionskedja. Denna reaktionskedja inbegriper bland annat hur allmänhetens åsikter påverkas av stereotyper, hur allmänheten bedömer politiska partier och därigenom hur politiska partier väljs och på så sätt kan påverka medier och allmänheten. Reaktionskedjan kan i sin tur även skapa nya stereotypiska skildringar av inte bara terrorister, utan även terrormisstänkta individer.

The aim of this essay is to describe what the documentary film India’s daughter tells the viewer about the Indian society through an idea analysis. India’s daughter, released in 2015, directly became a big discussion. Since documentary films are sources of information and might affect opinions it is interesting to analyze one. To be able to examine what is said in the film, the following question will be used: What is said about women and their place in the Indian society, Does the ideas show that change is needed or not? and Is there anything that points to that what is said in the documentary affects people’s opinion? The theories used in this essay is feminism and conservatism as ideal types to describe in what direction the ideas are heading, and theories about how media affects opinions to see if what is said in the film actually matters. The result shows that the content of the film and the ideas about women does matter for people’s opinion. It is also clear that there are at least two different ideas about what place women should have in the society, even though the idea that change is needed is the most popular.

From a democratic viewpoint, the way in which the media frames politics is essential. Should issue frames be left out in favor of other types of frames, it could result in voters struggling to make informed decisions come Election Day. What is more, research shows that game frames may cause lack of confidence in politicians and declining political interest. Against this background, the present study aimed to find out how two broadsheets, Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet, and two tabloids, Aftonbladet and Expressen, framed politics in connection with the 2014 Swedish parliamentary elections. The thesis also intended to identify possible differences between the two newspaper types and to make tentative comparisons with previous studies so as to be able to comment on framing developments. The method that was used is content analysis. More specifically, the thesis examined the existence of a number of frame types in selected articles. A total of 235 articles were analyzed, 62 in Dagens Nyheter, 46 in Svenska Dagbladet, 52 in Aftonbladet and 75 in Expressen. The results of the study are rather depressing. Considering the average numbers for all four newspapers, the issue frames amount to only about a fourth or a fifth of all frames. In addition, the issue frame percentage seems to decline with each election. However, there are substantial differences between the broadsheets and the tabloids. As in the vast majority of previous studies, the broadsheets contain a much larger share of issue frames that the tabloids. Thus, the former satisfy the needs of democracy to a larger extent than the latter. Further studies are, however, of the essence to confirm the results that are presented in this thesis. It is very important, for the sake of democracy, to continue investigating the media’s framing of politics, as well as framing effects.

The aim of this bachelor study was to examine and analyze if there were any difference in how Dagens Nyheter framed sexual crimes before and after the metoo movements peak in 2017. Framing theory was used to categorize different frames in the reporting of sexual crimes in the Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter. The research question was: which frames are the most common in Dagens Nyheters framing of sexual crimes and how common are these frames? Is there any difference in what frames appear in Dagens Nyheter before and after the metoo movements peak in 2017?  With a quantitative content analysis I could examine how often the frames were used by Dagens Nyheter and if it was any different after the metoo movements peak in 2017. A total of 869 articles were analyzed. 240 articles in 2014, 322 articles in 2017 and 307 articles in 2020. By using framing theory, ten frames were identified. “police report and legal process”, “sexual offenses linked to religion”, “sexual offenses as a societal problem”, “sexual offense legislation and criticism”, “men with power”, “fact about sexual offenses”, “sexual offenses as a metaphor”, “victim of sexual offenses”, “accused of sexual offenses” and “other”.  The result of the examine showed that the most used frame was “police report and legal process”. In the period of 2014 the second most used frame was “sexual offense legislation and criticism”. In the period of 2017 the second most used frame was “victim of sexual offenses” and in the period of 2020 the second most used frame was “sexual offenses as a societal problem”. The biggest difference before and after metoo movement that were found was the frame “accused of sexual offenses”. In 2014 it was not found at all while in 2020 it was one of the more common frames.

Följande studie undersöker hur Expressen har gestaltat våldtäktsfall med okänd gärningsman. Sex artiklar publicerade mellan 90-talet och 10-talet analyseras med syfte att undersöka om gestaltningen har förändrats över tid i en av Sveriges största kvällstidningar. På så sätt kan studien bidra till ökad förståelse för huruvida svensk kvällspress förstärker eller utmanar samhällsuppfattningar om vem som är en potentiell gärningsman och vem som får status som offer. Som metod tillämpas en kvalitativ innehållsanalys som genomförs med utgångspunkt i gestaltningsteorin, teorin om nyhetsvärdering, det ideala offret och medielogikens dramaturgi. Artiklarna analyseras utefter fem teman: rubrik, ingress, miljö, gärningsman och offer. Studiens resultat visar att en förändring har skett från ett subjektivt och väl detaljerat narrativ till ett mer objektivt och aktsamt narrativ i Expressens nyhetsrapportering. Studien visar även att Expressen på 90-talet har gestaltat ideala gärningsmän genom monstruösa beskrivningar. Gradvis har en förändring skett, där gärningsmannen på senare år gestaltas som gemene man. Förändringarna i Expressens gestaltning tyder på att dagens gestaltning förmedlar en bred bild av vem som kan bli ett offer och vem som är benägen att utföra en våldtäkt.