Syfte: Inom parodontal plastikkirurgi är det av intresse för kliniker att minska postoperativ smärta vid vävnadstagning i gommen. Denna litteraturöversikts syfte var att ge en översikt över olika modeller för vävnadstagning och parametrar som används för att utvärdera sårläkning och postoperativa besvär efter vävnadstagning i gommen. Material och metod: Baserat på en systematisk litteratursökning inkluderades artiklar som utvärderade sårläkning och postoperativa besvär vid vävnadstagning i gommen. Studier utförda på djur, case reports och case series med <5 deltagare exkluderades. Efter granskning av artiklarna presenterades studierna i olika modeller. Artiklarna grupperades baserat på studiedesign och tekniker vid vävnadstagning. Resultat: Sammantaget grupperades 47 artiklar i fem modeller där enstaka artiklar bidrog med data till >1 modell: 1) standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med klinisk studie – sekundärläkning (2 artiklar); 2) standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – primärläkning (4 artiklar); 3) standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – sekundärläkning (11 artiklar); 4) icke-standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – primärläkning (11 artiklar); och 5) icke-standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – sekundärläkning (24 artiklar). Dominerande parametrar som användes var postoperativ smärta, postoperativt obehag, mängd använd analgetika, komplett sårepitelisering och vävnadsfärgmatchning.Slutsats: Den mest använda modellen i litteraturöversikten är icke-standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med behandling – sekundärläkning, medan dominerande parametrar är komplett sårepitelisering, vävnadsfärgmatchning, smärtskattningsskalor och mängd använd analgetika. Användning av standardiserad vävnadstagning i samband med inducerat trauma är avgörande för en opartisk bedömning av olika behandlingar av sårytor i munhålan. / Aim: Within periodontal plastic surgery it is of interest for clinicians to reduce postoperative pain at the palatal harvesting site. This review aimed to provide an overview on the different models of tissue harvesting and parameters used to assess wound healing and postoperative discomfort after palatal tissue harvesting.Material and methods: Articles evaluating wound healing and postoperative discomfort after palatal tissue harvesting were included herein based on a systematic literature search. Studies performed on animals, case reports and case series with <5 participants were excluded. Articles were grouped based on study design and harvesting technique. Results: Altogether, 47 articles were grouped into the following five models, with some of the articles contributing data to >1 category: 1) standardized tissue harvesting for study purpose only with secondary healing (2 articles); 2) standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with primary healing (4 articles); 3) standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with secondary healing (11 articles); 4) non-standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with primary healing (11 articles); and 5) non-standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with secondary healing (24 articles). Postoperative pain and discomfort, consumption of pain killers, complete wound epithelialization, and tissue color match were the dominant parameters assessed.Conclusion: The most commonly used model in this review was the non-standardized tissue harvesting for treatment purpose with secondary healing, while complete wound epithelialization, tissue color match, pain rating scales, and amount of consumed analgesics were the most commonly used parameters. However, use of standardized tissue harvesting in terms of induced trauma is imperative for unbiased assessment of the various oral wound treatments.

As part of the quality process and to assure that the product meets all geometric requirements, the produced part is measured and compared to the nominal geometry definition. If the part deviates outside given tolerances, there is a need to understand the effect on aero performance and mechanical function. Hence, a new analysis model must be created that reflects the produced shape and form of the product. The current procedure for measuring the part is to use white light scanning equipment to analyze the deviation with the scanning software GOM™. The analysis model is then created using Space claim™ and is meshed and analyzed using Ansys™ software. The objective with this thesis is to investigate the capabilities within Siemens NX™ to automate the procedure as there is a need to be more efficient and reduce lead-time.The Design Research Method is used to develop the automated procedure. This is a systematic method that identifies the task, presents possible solutions to that task and then evaluates those solutions. That workflow is repeated until a satisfying solution is found.It is found that it is possible to create an automated procedure in Siemens NX. This automated procedure requires no user interaction while running, so the lead-time is drastically reduced. The automated procedure morphs the nominal geometry to create a new surface with better resemblance to the scanned geometry. About 90% of the original surface area is outside a tolerance of 0.1mm, after the automated procedure the new surface has about 90% of the surface area inside a tolerance of 0.1mm.The limiting factor for the procedure is the skill of the developer and not the capability of the software. Therefore it is thought that the procedure could be improved to create a surface completely inside the specified tolerance, given that a more skilled developer refines the procedure.

This thesis is made up of three parts on the computation of scattering properties of nonspherical particles in the atmosphere. In the first part, a new crystal type-droxtal-is introduced to make a better representation of the shape of small ice crystals in the uppermost portions of midlatitude and tropical cirrus clouds. Scattering properties of droxtal ice crystals are investigated by using the Improved-Geometric Optic (IGO) method. At the visible wavelength, due to the presence of the hexagonal structure, all elements of the phase matrix of droxtal ice crystals share some common features with hexagonal ice crystals, such as 220 and 460 halos. In the second part of this thesis, the possibility of enhancing the performance of current Anomalous Diffraction Theory (ADT) is investigated. In conventional ADT models, integrations are usually carried out in the domain of the particle projection. By transforming the integration domain to the domain of scaled projectile length, the algorithm of conventional ADT models is enhanced. Because the distribution of scaled projectile length is independent of the particle's physical size as long as the shape remains the same, the new algorithm is especially efficient for the calculation of a large number of particles with the same shape but different sizes. Finally, in the third part, the backscattering properties of nonspherical ice crystals at the 94GHz frequency are studied by employing the Finite-Difference Time- Domain (FDTD) method. The most important factor that controls the backscattering cross section is found to be the ratio of the volume-equal radius to the maximum dimension of the ice crystal. Substantial differences in backscattering cross sections are found between horizontal orientated and randomly oriented ice crystals. An analytical formula is derived for the relationship between the ice water (IWC) content and the radar reflectivity ( e Z ). It is shown that a change to the concentration of ice crystals without any changes on the size distribution or particle habits leads only to a linear e Z IWC - relationship. The famous power law e Z IWC - relationship is the result of the shift of the peak of particle size distribution.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2015-09-16T23:54:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSETAC?O - Elizabete Silva de Jesus Lopes - 2013.pdf: 2904294 bytes, checksum: fa71e691cbbf19e2e1961ca5514f2120 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-16T23:54:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSETAC?O - Elizabete Silva de Jesus Lopes - 2013.pdf: 2904294 bytes, checksum: fa71e691cbbf19e2e1961ca5514f2120 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-20 / The casualization of labor is one of the main problems associated with globalization and the restructuring of production processes in the capitalist system. Contributes to change the characteristics of the labor and employment in general, and particularly in the health sector. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the labor and employment of the Family Health Program (PSF), focusing on indicators of precarious work in Feira de Santana, Bahia in 2012. This is an epidemiological cohort study cross- exploratory- descriptive, with a random sample stratified by geographic location, occupational category and level of assistance. Applied to 1,041 workers structured municipal public questionnaire. For the types of characteristics of vulnerable employment and working on the indicators of precariousness used the Grade of Membership (GoM) method - degree of belonging. 3 profiles were generated : profile " 1 " , characterized by less vulnerable workers , but with lower incomes; Profile " 2 " marked by workers in poorer working conditions and employment profile " 3 " less vulnerable workers , but with low social support . Findings reveal the existence of different vulnerabilities on indicators of precarious work among groups of workers PSF. Suggested to different actions for each group of workers in order to desprecarizar conditions of employment. / A precariza??o do trabalho constitui um dos principais problemas associados ? globaliza??o e aos processos de reestrutura??o produtiva no sistema capitalista. Contribui para alterar as caracter?sticas do trabalho e emprego de forma geral, e em particular no setor sa?de. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as caracter?sticas do trabalho e emprego do Programa de Sa?de da Fam?lia (PSF), com enfoque em indicadores de precariza??o do trabalho, no munic?pio de Feira de Santana, Bahia no ano de 2012. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiol?gico de corte transversal do tipo explorat?rio-descritivo, com amostra aleat?ria estratificada por ?rea geogr?fica, categoria profissional e n?vel de assist?ncia. Aplicou-se question?rio estruturado a 1.041 trabalhadores da rede p?blica municipal. Para obter as tipologias das caracter?sticas do emprego e trabalho vulner?veis quanto aos indicadores de precariza??o utilizou-se o m?todo Grade of Membership (GoM) - grau de pertencimento. Foram gerados 3 perfis: perfil "1", caracterizado por trabalhadores menos vulner?veis, por?m com baixos rendimentos; perfil "2? marcado por trabalhadores em piores condi??es de trabalho e emprego e perfil "3" trabalhadores menos vulner?veis, por?m com baixo suporte social. Os achados revelam a exist?ncia de diferentes vulnerabilidades referentes aos indicadores de precariza??o do trabalho entre os grupos de trabalhadores do PSF o que pode estar relacionado as condi??es de trabalho e emprego, a organiza??o dos servi?os e aos aspectos psicossociais do trabalho: demanda psicol?gicas advindas do trabalho, controle sobre o pr?prio trabalho, suporte social do chefe e dos colegas de trabalho. Sugere-se a??es diferenciadas para cada grupo de trabalhadores.

本論文所研究之課題係「基因轉殖食品之相關法律問題研究」，與基因轉殖科技有關之產品包括有基因治療藥劑、基因治療儀器、基因轉殖食品、基因轉殖作物等等，本文僅以基因轉殖食品作為討論對象，由於道德倫理等因素在此議題上較未如基因治療等其他議題重要，故在討論基因轉殖食品之產品責任時，問題亦較為稍微簡化。惟值得注意者，基因轉殖食品之研究及發展，多認因人類對於基因工程的認知有限，故無法預期基因轉殖作物的釋出於環境中，更無法確知基因轉殖食品供與人類或其他生物所食用消費時，是否具有不可避免之風險。在探討基因轉殖食品之相關法律問題前，應先對基因轉殖技術的特性有一初步了解，否則，無法判定能否將基因轉殖食品視同目前其他一般食品予以規範，故本論文先簡單介紹基因轉殖技術，再就目前我國就基因轉殖食品的法律管制作說明，包括基因轉殖食品的安全性檢驗及標示規定，並藉由其他先進國家相關規範的介紹，進一步檢討我國法規的妥適性。其次，再就基因轉殖食品對於既有的產品責任所造成之衝擊為分析，以檢討目前的產品責任規範能否解決基因轉殖食品所可能產生的問題。最後，試圖以本文檢討之結論，就我國目前基因轉殖食品之相關規範提出立法建議。

Knowledge of the three dimensional shape of the human foot is important in the design of shoes to facilitate correct fit. Currently only the static shape of the foot is considered despite the fact that the foot undergoes changes in its shape, particularly in athletic pursuits, due to associated movements and loadings. Attempts, presented in research, have been made to measure dynamic foot shape. However, to date, measurements have been limited in detail as well as restricted to walking gait, as a result of the method. The work of this thesis aimed to develop a methodology that would be capable of measuring the three dimensional shape of the human foot during the stance phase of gait, in locomotion speeds associated with running.

This diploma thesis examines the impact of selected factors on the measurement accuracy of Tritop photogrammetry system and verifies the validity of theoretical predictive formulas. Primary attention is given to factors that are easily influenced by the inspector - namely number of captured images, shooting distance, number of scale bars and number of coded targets. In addition, experiments dealing with the measurement automation and the use of external color filter are also described in this thesis. Seven scale bars placed on a jig of cube shape were subject of the measurements (according to VDI/VDE 2634 standard). Two approaches were used in order to obtain measurement deviations – reference values, from which the measured data were subtracted to obtain deviations, were known due to the use of scale bars. Second approach consisted in evaluation of deviations from software Tritop Professional. The results showed that the number of photographs and shooting distance have the greatest impact on measurement accuracy of Tritop system. The accuracy was also influenced by number of coded targets in the scene or by use of the external green filter. Measured data were compared to the values obtained from predictive formulas. The results showed that the formula defined by the GOM company has a prediction accuracy of more than 96 %. However the formula is dependent on the input parameter called “Image accuracy” for which the value recommendations are made in this work. The results of this work can help predict measurement uncertainties more precisely and optimize the measurement methodology of Tritop photogrammetry system.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-03T20:21:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoDeMedeirosDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2539125 bytes, checksum: d9f91d3c0f674f652ace90ee808ec964 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-08T21:35:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoDeMedeirosDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2539125 bytes, checksum: d9f91d3c0f674f652ace90ee808ec964 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-08T21:35:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThiagoDeMedeirosDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2539125 bytes, checksum: d9f91d3c0f674f652ace90ee808ec964 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-31 / Esta disserta??o foi desenvolvida considerando a elabora??o de dois artigos cient?ficos, ambos relacionados ? mortalidade no Brasil. No primeiro artigo, objetivou-se analisar a mortalidade segundo os tr?s grandes grupos de causa de morte nas capitais brasileiras. No segundo artigo, construiu-se uma tipologia para os munic?pios nordestinos levando em conta informa??es sobre mortalidade por causas externas e um conjunto de indicadores relacionados aos aspectos socioecon?micos, demogr?ficos e de infraestrutura de tais munic?pios, ambos artigos para os anos de 2000 e 2010. Desta forma, utilizaram-se os dados do Sistema de Informa??es sobre Mortalidade do Minist?rio da Sa?de. Ademais, fez-se uso das informa??es dos Censos Demogr?ficos para aqueles anos. As vari?veis referentes ?s condi??es socioecon?micas e demogr?ficas usadas neste trabalho foram aquelas dispon?veis na home-page do Programa das Na??es Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. Utilizou-se no Artigo 1 o m?todo de distribui??o pro-rata para realizar a redistribui??o dos ?bitos por causas mal definidas. Ademais, fez-se uso da t?cnica de analise de cluster com o objetivo de agrupar as capitais que apresentavam propor??es de ?bitos por causas mal definidas similares entre si.. J? no Artigo 2, utilizaram-se a t?cnica de estima??o Bayesiana Emp?rica; as t?cnicas de estat?stica espacial e; por fim, o m?todo Grade of Membership para encontrar tipologias dos munic?pios a partir de informa??es sobre mortalidade por causas externas associadas ?s vari?veis socioecon?micas, demogr?ficas e de infraestrutura. Quanto aos principais resultados, destaca-se no Artigo 1 que, em rela??o a qualidade dos dados, observou-se a forma??o de quatro grupos de capitais similares entre si, quanto a propor??o de causas mal definidas. Com rela??o ao comportamento da mortalidade, segundo os tr?s grandes grupos de causa de morte, notou-se tanto para o ano de 2000 como para 2010 a preval?ncia dos ?bitos por doen?as n?o transmiss?veis para ambos os sexos, apesar de ter sido identificado a redu??o das taxas em algumas das capitais. As doen?as transmiss?veis se destacaram como a segunda causa de morte entre as mulheres. Tamb?m, foi poss?vel verificar que os ?bitos por causas externas s?o respons?veis pela segunda causa de morte entre os homens, al?m de apresentar um aumento entre as mulheres. J? quanto ao Artigo 2, destaca-se, em linhas gerais, n?o s? uma amplia??o das taxas de mortalidade por causas externas nos munic?pios, como tamb?m, uma amplia??o da mancha configuradora de exist?ncia de mortes por causas externas para toda a ?rea da regi?o Nordeste. Em rela??o ? tipologia dos munic?pios, constru?ram-se tr?s perfis extremos: o Perfil 1, que congrega munic?pios com altas taxas de mortalidade por causas externas e os melhores indicadores sociais; o Perfil 2, composto por munic?pios que se caracterizam por iv apresentar reduzidas taxas de mortalidade por causas externas e os mais baixos indicadores sociais; e o Perfil 3, que agrupa munic?pios com intermedi?rias taxas de mortalidade e valores considerados medianos em rela??o aos indicadores sociais. Embora n?o se tenha verificado mudan?as nas caracter?sticas dos perfis, observou-se o aumento da propor??o dos munic?pios que pertencem ao Perfil extremo 3, levando em considera??o os perfis mistos. / This dissertation considered the development of two papers, both related to mortality in Brazil. In the first article, "The context of mortality according to the three broad groups of causes of death in Brazilian capitals, 2000 and 2010", the objective was to analyze the mortality rate according to the three major groups of causes of death in Brazilian capitals. In the second article, "Typology and characteristics of mortality from external causes in the municipalities in the Northeast of Brazil, 2000 and 2010", it was built up a typology for the Northeastern municipalities taking into account information on mortality from external causes and a set of indicators related to socioeconomic, demographic, and infrastructure aspects of such municipalities, both articles for the years 2000 and 2010. Thus, we used data from the Mortality Information System of the Ministry of Health. Furthermore, it was used information from the Demographic Census for those years. The variables relating to socioeconomic and demographic conditions used in this study were those available on the home page of the United Nations Program for Development. The variables relating to socioeconomic and demographic conditions used in this study were those available on the home page of the United Nations Program for Development. Was used in Article 1 the pro-rata distribution method to accomplish the redistribution of ill-defined causes. Moreover, made use of the technique of cluster analysis with the aim of grouping the capital that had proportions of deaths from ill-defined causes similar to each other. Already in Section 2, we used the technique of Empirical Bayesian estimation; spatial statistics technique; and finally, the Grade of Membership method to find types of municipalities from information on mortality from external causes associated with socioeconomic, demographic and infrastructure variables. As the main results, it stands out in Article 1, in relation to data quality, we observed the formation of four groups of similar capital between themselves, as the proportion of illdefined causes. Regarding the behavior of mortality, according to the three major groups of causes of death, it was noted both for 2000 and for 2010 the prevalence of deaths from noncommunicable diseases for both sexes, although the reduction was identified rates in some of the capitals. Communicable diseases stood out as the second cause of death among women. Also, we found that deaths due to external causes are responsible for the second cause of death among men, as well as presenting an increase among women. As for the Article 2, stands out, in general, not just an extension of mortality from external causes in the municipalities, as well as an enlargement of the configurator stain existence of external cause deaths for the whole area of Northeast. Regarding the typology of municipalities, three vi extreme profiles were buit: the profile 1, which comprises municipalities with high rates of mortality from external causes and the best social indicators; the profile 2, that was composed of municipalities that are characterized by having low mortality rates from external causes and the lowest social indicators; and the profile 3, that brings together municipalities with intermediate mortality rates and median values considered in relation to social indicators. Although we have not seen changes in the characteristics of the profiles, we observed an increase in the proportion of municipalities that belong to the extreme profile 3, taking into account the mixed profiles.

Climate has historically been recognized as an influence on sediment flux and deposition. The North American Monsoon is suggested as the forcing mechanism of deltaic progradational events of the Rio Grande River delta. Interpretations of reflection seismic profiles reveal that eustatic rise in sea-level from the Last Glacial Maximum to present is accompanied by several regressional events of the Rio Grande delta 5.5, 9.5, and 11.5 ka BP. Much of the migration of depositional facies within a delta system is forced by hinterland tectonics and base-level rise and fall. However, we suggest that the movement of facies within the Rio Grande delta system represent climate forcing as the most dominant influence on sediment deposition during this short time period. While dominance of climate influence is possible, the sensitivity of an increase in monsoon precipitation and its effect on sediment flux has not yet been tested. We test monsoonal effects using relationships between sediment flux, river discharge, and precipitation. Heavy water management and withdrawal and complexity of precipitation timing and events within the region make the relationship between precipitation and sediment flux difficult to quantify using modern data sources. Therefore, it is necessary to numerically simulate stream discharge to test potential sensitivities of the system to monsoonal precipitation using a stream discharge model. Precipitation input into the stream discharge model is gathered from a suite of climate model simulation outputs. Suspended sediment flux is derived from the outputs of the flow models using empirically derived sediment rating curves. Results of sediment modeling show that increased precipitation during the monsoon months of July-September, 6 ka BP increased monthly suspended sediment flux by 79 percent. The suite of climate models does not include 9 or 11 ka BP, but we suggest the monsoon may have been stronger during this time based on greater received insolation at these times. This study also shows that duration and intensity of monsoonal precipitation events can more greatly affect stream discharge and sediment flux than increased precipitation with constant storm intensity.