Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:38:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernando Rocha Beserra.pdf: 2786377 bytes, checksum: 26a28c7027589a0654a534f25d7d07f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present dissertation aimed to understand the subjective responses of students, catalyzed by a set of works by visionary artist Alex Grey. Was realized the exposure of some selected works of the artist in a Data Show device to fifteen students, between 18 and 29 years of PUC-SP. After exposure of the works, was asked to research participants to tell a story about the works presented and a semi-structured interview was conducted. The data were organized by the Collective Subject Speech (DSC) and interpreted using the approaches of Jung's complex psychology and aesthetics of reception. It was observed that the works have the potential to profoundly stimulate the unconscious. Subjective responses were marked by intense emotional experiences, whether welfare or malaise, mobilizing projections and psychodynamic contents of the participants. Some themes became salient in the experience of the participants who interacted with the works, such as dualities, death, finitude, the strange, religion and spirituality, the body and the relationship between everyday life and unconventional experiences. The dissertation has enabled an understanding of the subjective responses of students, encouraged by selected works of artist Alex Grey / A presente dissertação teve como objetivo compreender as respostas subjetivas de estudantes, catalisadas por um conjunto de obras do artista visionário Alex Grey. Foi realizada a exposição de algumas obras selecionadas do artista, em aparelho Data Show, a quinze estudantes, entre 18 e 29 anos, da PUC-SP. Após a exposição das obras, foi solicitado aos participantes da pesquisa que contassem uma estória sobre as obras apresentadas e foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram sistematizados por meio do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) e interpretados com a utilização das abordagens da psicologia complexa junguiana e da estética da recepção. Observou-se que as obras têm o potencial de estimular profundamente o inconsciente. As respostas subjetivas foram marcadas por experiências emocionais intensas, seja de bem ou mal-estar, mobilizando projeções e conteúdos psicodinâmicos dos participantes. Alguns temas tornaram-se marcantes na experiência dos participantes que interagiram com as obras, como as dualidades, a morte, a finitude, o estranho, a religião e a espiritualidade, o corpo e a relação entre a vida cotidiana e experiências não convencionais. A dissertação possibilitou uma compreensão das respostas subjetivas de estudantes, estimuladas pelo conjunto escolhido de obras do artista Alex Grey

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T18:40:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Batista Cordeiro.pdf: 2043434 bytes, checksum: fb6e114fb85d69fcb6ad7582508cf345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-07 / The environmental question is a target of discussion in the whole world. The problem of the water shortage makes part of these international discussions, in the sense of establishing programs that aim the preservation and the economy about this natural resource. The discussed subject comes to every day, receiving important movements like the Universal Declaration of Water Rights , written by the United Nations Organization (UNO), on March 22, 1992. The involvement of everybody in the subject about the social responsibility, it does that the businessmen look for the alternative solutions for the water reuse. In Brazil there are some drain treatment programs, developed by the Company Basic Sanitation of the State São Paulo (SABESP), turned to the reuse, however, not for domestic uses. So, this Case Study had the objective to check the costs and benefits with the reuse water in residential condominiums. Identifying and measuring the costs and investments added in the civil construction for recuperation and reuse of water. The technique that hasbeen developed in The Condominium Residential, Vale of the Hill, in Bragança Paulista, interim interviews, the place that were collected the data of separation about the gray waters from the black waters, where the gray waters suffer a decantation process, aerobic decomposition bacterial, filtrate to activated coal, and cloroamoniation for the treatment and reuse, rejecting for the drain the black waters. And also, information were collected the about costs and additional investments to the civil construction for the water treatment process. The water reuse techniques for domestic uses just allow the utilization for less noble uses, which has not contact with the human being, and that in this study case the purpose of the water reuse is for the sanitary discharge. The legislation is superposed, there is not a universality about waters reuse for domestic consumption. There are standards that control the environment pollution subject, but not for the unpollution and environment preservation. The utilization of water reuse systems, in the sanitary discharge, provides an immediate return in relation to the environment, and economical, along the time. The value of the apartments is of R$ 5.524.000, the Total Cost of additional Property was of R$ 186.754, for a total economy of R$ 374.400, checking a result of R$ 187.646. The analysis of the results, it identified that the Total Cost of additional Property represents 4,13 % of the value of the apartments, and that the return on the additional investment is 524,24 %. The Payback of the investments took place in 2,4 years and Payback of the investments corrected to an interest rate of 6 % p.a took place in 7,2 years. The results reached in this inquiry present several limitations as difficulties in the identification and mensuration of the environmental assets, intangible benefits produced with the reduction of the impact to the environment with the reuse of the water. In the Accounting aspect, the question that still remains to be studied is of as it will write up and to spread the results identified however of difficult mensuration. Continuity is recommended in the development of new inquiries in the accounting area to prepare standards and to perfect the techniques of registers and spread of the assets and environmental liabilities / A questão ambiental é alvo de discussões no mundo todo, o problema da escassez da água faz parte da pauta dessas discussões internacionais, no sentido de estabelecer programas que visam preservação e economia desse recurso natural. A questão discutida vem a cada dia recebendo importantes movimentos como a Declaração Universal dos Direitos da Água , redigida pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) em 22 de março de 1992. O envolvimento de todos na questão responsabilidade social faz com que os empresários busquem soluções alternativas para o reuso da água. No Brasil, já existem programas de tratamento de esgoto desenvolvido pela Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo (SABESP), voltados para o reuso, porém, para usos não domésticos. Assim este trabalho através de estudo de caso, teve o objetivo aferir os custos e benefícios com o reuso da água em condomínios residenciais, identificando e mensurando os custos e investimentos adicionados na construção civil para recuperação e reuso de água. Por meio da técnica de entrevista, coletaram-se dados sobre o processo, desenvolvido no Condomínio Residencial Vale das Colinas, em Bragança Paulista, de separar as águas cinza das águas negras, pelo qual as águas cinza passam por um processo de decantação, decomposição bacteriana aeróbica, filtragem a carvão ativado e cloroamoniação para tratamento e reuso, descartando para esgoto as águas negras. Também, foram coletadas informações sobre custos e investimentos adicionais na construção civil para o processo de tratamento da água. As técnicas de reuso da água para fins domésticos só permitem o reuso para finalidades menos nobres, que não tenham contato com o ser humano no caso dessa pesquisa, a finalidade do reuso da água é para descarga nas bacias sanitárias. A utilização dos sistemas de reuso da água na descarga em bacias sanitárias proporciona um retorno imediato em relação ao meio ambiente, e econômico ao longo do tempo. Para atingir os resultados, foram utilizados o Custo Total de Propriedade na mensuração dos custos, Taxa Interna de Retorno e o Payback na identificação e mensuração do retorno e do tempo de retorno. O valor dos apartamentos é de R$ 5.524.000, o Custo Total de Propriedade adicional foi de R$ 186.754, para uma economia total de R$ 374.400, aferindo-se um resultado de R$ 187.646. A análise dos resultados identificou que o Custo Total de Propriedade adicional representa 4,13% do valor dos apartamentos, e que o retorno sobre o investimento adicional é de 524,24%. O tempo de retorno dos investimentos ocorreu em 2,4 anos e o tempo de retorno dos investimentos corrigidos a uma taxa de juros de 6% a.a ocorreu em 7,2 anos. Os resultados alcançados nessa pesquisa apresentam várias limitações, como dificuldades na identificação e mensuração dos ativos ambientais e benefícios intangíveis, gerados pela redução do impacto ao meio ambiente com o reuso da água. No aspecto contábil, a questão ainda a ser estudada é como escriturar e divulgar os resultados identificados, todavia de mais difícil mensuração. Recomenda-se uma continuidade no desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas na área contábil para elaborar normas e aprimorar as técnicas de registros e divulgação dos ativos e passivos ambientais

Almedahls have for some time started to receive more customer complaints about uneven roller blind fabrics or so-called waves over fabric. The waves are a major problem for Almedahls customers since they make it hard to cut the fabric into roller blinds. The company believes that the waves appear due to different process parameters within their finishing line but the company do not yet know how or where. The thesis project strives to find an explanation to what waves over fabric are, why they appear and how they can be reduced. The documentation that Almedahls have made of the problem so far, including photographs and customer complaints reports, was examined. Orders produced from four selected grey-weaves during the last three years was examined and compared to received customer complaints and standard operations lists. No clear relationship was found and weaves with longer process lines did not seem to cause more waves to appear. However, addition of an extra colouring to the standard operations appeared to be more frequently occurring when a standard operations list had been changed.Waves over fabric were at an early stage related to the mechanical properties of the weaves as the weaves are exposed to stresses and strains during the entire production line. In Almedahls’ finishing line the web and the beam tensions and the levelling mechanisms in the stenter frames appeared to be the parameters which especially apply stresses and strains. Tensile tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties of a few of Almedahls grey-weaves and half processed weave. The test results showed that a strain between 11-27 % can be applied before the test samples start to deform while calculations of the amount of strain applied by the stenter frames showed to be much less, between 2.5-3.5 %. The difference in size between the test samples and the weaves must be considered when comparing these results. The small, repeated strains applied by the finishing line may eventually lead to permanent deformation of the weaves and appear as waves. The combination of the web and the beam tensions can also result in a stretch in the bias-direction of the weave which cause deformation in the middle of the weave where waves most often appear.The thermal properties of the same weaves were also tested through DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, tests. The test results showed that the polyester material in the weaves does not melt or deform at the temperatures Almedahls use in their processes. The shrinkage of the grey-weaves during the de-sizing processes was also considered through width measurements. The conclusion was that the structure of the grey-weave influences how much the weave will shrink and the dimension change of the weave may influence the appearance of waves and needs more investigation. / Program: Magisterutbildning i textilteknologi

Almedahls have for some time started to receive more customer complaints about uneven roller blind fabrics or so-called waves over fabric. The waves are a major problem for Almedahls customers since they make it hard to cut the fabric into roller blinds. The company believes that the waves appear due to different process parameters within their finishing line but the company do not yet know how or where. The thesis project strives to find an explanation to what waves over fabric are, why they appear and how they can be reduced. The documentation that Almedahls have made of the problem so far, including photographs and customer complaints reports, was examined. Orders produced from four selected grey-weaves during the last three years was examined and compared to received customer complaints and standard operations lists. No clear relationship was found and weaves with longer process lines did not seem to cause more waves to appear. However, addition of an extra colouring to the standard operations appeared to be more frequently occurring when a standard operations list had been changed.Waves over fabric were at an early stage related to the mechanical properties of the weaves as the weaves are exposed to stresses and strains during the entire production line. In Almedahls’ finishing line the web and the beam tensions and the levelling mechanisms in the stenter frames appeared to be the parameters which especially apply stresses and strains. Tensile tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties of a few of Almedahls grey-weaves and half processed weave. The test results showed that a strain between 11-27 % can be applied before the test samples start to deform while calculations of the amount of strain applied by the stenter frames showed to be much less, between 2.5-3.5 %. The difference in size between the test samples and the weaves must be considered when comparing these results. The small, repeated strains applied by the finishing line may eventually lead to permanent deformation of the weaves and appear as waves. The combination of the web and the beam tensions can also result in a stretch in the bias-direction of the weave which cause deformation in the middle of the weave where waves most often appear.The thermal properties of the same weaves were also tested through DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, tests. The test results showed that the polyester material in the weaves does not melt or deform at the temperatures Almedahls use in their processes. The shrinkage of the grey-weaves during the de-sizing processes was also considered through width measurements. The conclusion was that the structure of the grey-weave influences how much the weave will shrink and the dimension change of the weave may influence the appearance of waves and needs more investigation. / Program: Magisterutbildning i textilteknologi

Motores de combustão interna são submetidos a carregamentos térmicos e mecânicos que podem resultar em trincas devido ao fenômeno de fadiga termomecânica, FTM. Ferros fundidos tem sido uma escolha comum para a fabricação de blocos e cabeçotes de motores a diesel. Para melhorar o desempenho dos motores é importante ter uma compreensão clara do comportamento em FTM destes materiais, permitindo a previsão de vida, melhorando as propriedades de novas ligas, bem como aumentar a confiabilidade desses componentes. Assim, este projeto teve como objetivo avaliar a vida em FTM de dois tipos de ferro fundido usado na fabricação de motores de combustão interna. Os testes foram realizados em um sistema de teste mecânico MTS 810, em controle de deformação com 100% de restrição (Δε = 0), utilizando um forno de indução de alta frequência para aquecimento e um dispositivo de resfriamento (condução e convecção), registrando as tensões e número de ciclos. Os ciclos térmicos aplicados simulam as condições de trabalho, em modo acelerado, de um motor de combustão interna, aplicando um ciclo térmico em forma de uma onda trapezoidal, com temperaturas mínimas e máximas de 50 e 420°C, respectivamente e um tempo de permanência de 180 s na temperatura máxima, e tempo de ciclo total de 300 s. Os resultados mostram que o ferro fundido vermicular apresenta uma vida em FTM maior que o ferro fundido cinzento porque a morfologia dos veios de grafita que atuam como concentradores de tensão no ferro fundido cinzento reduz acentuadamente a sua rigidez durante a tensão trativa, causando a formação de micro trincas em um número menor de ciclos. / Internal combustion engines are subjected to thermal and mechanical loads that may result in cracks due to thermomechanical fatigue phenomenon, TMF. Cast irons have been a common choice for the manufacture of blocks and cylinder heads of diesel engines. To improve the engines performance it is important to have a clear understanding of the FTM behavior of these materials, enabling life prediction, improving the properties of new alloys, as well as increase the reliability of these components. Thus, this project aims to evaluate the TMF life of two types of cast iron used in the manufacture of internal combustion engines. The tests were performed on a MTS 810 mechanical testing system, in displacement control and 100% restriction (Δε = 0), using a highfrequency induction furnace for heating and a cooling device (conduction and convection), recording the stresses, strains and number of cycles. The thermal cycles applied have heating and cooling cycles that simulate the work conditions, in accelerated mode, of an internal combustion engine, applying an trapezoidal wave shape, with minimum and maximum temperatures of 50 and 420°C respectively, and a 180 s dwell time at maximum temperature, and total cycle time of 300 s. The results showed that compact cast iron presents TMF life larger than the gray cast iron because the morphology of graphite flakes in the gray cast iron reduces markedly their rigidity during the traction portion of the tensile part of the cycle, causing the defects formation at smaller number of cycles. The thermomechanical behavior of these two types of cast irons are discussed in detail.

Le vieillissement de la population sans doute catalysera l’augmentation des maladies chroniques et intensifiera le besoin de solutions d’assistance à la personne. Pendant que les chercheurs s’activent à apporter des réponses aux problèmes de santé publique qui s’accentuent, en s’appuyant sur les technologies de l’information et de la communication, le nombre des objets connectés connait une expansion fulgurante. Ainsi, le désir de révolution des technologies pour la santé, afin de faire face à la menace pathologique, coïncide avec le développement de l’Internet des objets 1. En effet, grâce aux innovations technologiques et au progrès médical, nombre de pathologies, souvent chroniques pourraient être suivies en temps réel et en tout lieu. Dans ce contexte, la gestion ou le partage des ressources de communication, la compatibilité des technologies et les performances à atteindre constituent des défis importants. Cet accroissement significatif du volume des communications, les contraintes de mobilité imposées par le contexte du suivi de patient ainsi que les besoins de qualité dans les transmissions de données médicales, révèlent une aspiration à des infrastructures de communication plus flexibles.Dans cette thèse, nous présentons une architecture de communication basée sur les réseaux Radio Cognitive pour répondre à cette exigence. Le caractère adaptable, flexible et autonome de la solution proposée permet d’aspirer à de meilleures performances. Ainsi, pour l’évaluation de son efficacité,nous avons choisi d’analyser et de tester trois critères importants pour les transmissions de données médicales urgentes.La connectivité en tout lieu : Ce premier critère est essentiel dans la mesure des performances et l’estimation de la fiabilité d’une infrastructure réseau dédiée à la santé. Plus précisément, toute solution de communication envisagée, doit être en mesure d’accompagner le patient suivi dans son environnement. En effet, la haute disponibilité des services réseaux et la qualité offerte sont déterminantes pour le suivi de patient à distance. Nous proposons dans cette première contribution, un mécanisme de prédiction spectrale capable d’examiner l’état d’occupation des bandes de fréquence. Cet algorithme associé au module de prise de décision Radio Cognitive, permet de parer aux éventuelles discontinuités de connexion réseaux.La gestion des interférences : Il s’agit du second critère qui évalue le degré de coexistence des ondes garantit par l’architecture, dans un contexte de prolifération des réseaux et des objets connectés. Le matériel communicant doit être capable de percevoir, d’analyser son environnement et d’agir en fonction des différentes contraintes. L’intérêt étant de protéger le matériel surtout médical, souvent très sensible aux bruits. Le suivi du patient devient alors possible à domicile ou à l’hôpital par exemple, avec un niveau d’interférence acceptable. Ainsi, tout en proposant un modèle de déploiement du réseau Radio Cognitive dans un centre hospitalier, nous définissons des exemples de fonctions permettant une adaptation dynamique des paramètres de communication en fonction de la sensibilité des équipements médicaux de proximité.L’efficacité dans la transmission de contenu multimédia : Ce dernier critère symbolise la capacité de l’architecture à fournir du contenu de qualité pour une assistance en temps réel. En effet, un réseau de soin à domicile ou une situation d’urgence peut nécessiter la transmission d’images ou de contenu multimédia vers les centres hospitaliers. Une solution de suivi de patient à distance doit être capable de fournir ces facilités qui imposent l’accès au haut débit. Dans une contribution répondant à cette préoccupation, nous suggérons un algorithme de réservation de ressources permettant de mieux gérer la qualité de service pour le contenu multimédia médical. / The aging of the population will probably catalyze the rise of chronic diseases and could intensify the need for personal assistance solutions. While researchers are focusing on information and communication technologies to provide responses to these public health problems, the number of connected objects is experiencing a rapid expansion. Indeed, desired revolution of technologies for health, forprevention and disease treatment coincides with the development of the Internet of Things 2. Thus, technological innovations and medical progress, for making it possible to monitor pathologies, often chronic, anywhere need appropriate equipments. Also, remote and real-time patient monitoring applications would require more network resources. In this context, communication resources management/sharing, technologies and equipments compatibilities and aplication’s desired performances become significant challenges. In this thesis, we propose an architecture based on Cognitive Radio, for meeting the medical applications constraints. We also analyze and test three important criteria for emergency transmissions, using this architecture.Connectivity : Any solution for patients monitoring must have anywhere and anytime capabilities for care continuity needs. High availability of network services and quality offered are critical for patient telemonitoring. We propose in this context, a spectral prediction mechanism able to examine the occupation conditions of the frequency bands. The algorithm we propose, associated learning and Grey Model technique in order to deal with any network connection discontinuities.Interference management : Network equipments must be able to perceive or to analyze their environment and act according to the underlying constraints. The interest is to protect in our case, medical equipment which are very sensitive to noise. Patient monitoring becomes possible at home or in the hospital, for example, with an acceptable level of interference. We propose for this criterion evaluation, a Cognitive Radio Networks deployment model in a hospital area. We define examples of functions for dynamic adaptation of the communication parameters, depending on the nearby medical devices sensitivity.Transmission efficiency under multimedia content delivery : This criterion analizes the ability of the architecture to provide desired quality in multimedia content delivery for real-time assistance or diagnosis. Patient monitoring at home or an emergency event may require the transmission of image or audio content to the hospital center. The remote monitoring solution must be able to provide these facilities which require a broadband network. We suggest an algorithm for resource reservation that performs a better management of the quality of service for medical multimedia content. We combine this algorithm with a transmission parameters control methode for maintaining the QoS at an acceptable level.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that affects approximately 1% of the population worldwide, and which typically has a devastating effect on the lives of its sufferers. The characteristic symptoms of the disease include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought and reduced emotional expression. While many of the early theories of schizophrenia focused on its psychosocial foundations, more recent theories have focused on the neurobiological underpinnings of the disease. This thesis has four primary aims: 1) to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify the structural brain abnormalities present in patients suffering from their first episode of schizophrenia (FES), 2) to elucidate whether these abnormalities were static or progressive over the first 2-3 years of patients’ illness, 3) to identify the relationship between these neuroanatomical abnormalities and patients’ clinical profile, and 4) to identify the normative relationship between longitudinal changes in neuroanatomy and electrophysiology in healthy participants, and to compare this to the relationship observed between these two indices in patients with FES. The aim of Chapter 2 was to use MRI to identify the neuroanatomical changes that occur over adolescence in healthy participants, and to identify the normative relationship between the neuroanatomical changes and electrophysiological changes associated with healthy periadolescent brain maturation. MRI and electroencephalographic (EEG) scans were acquired from 138 healthy participants between the ages of 10 and 30 years. The MRI scans were segmented into grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) images, before being parcellated into the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. Absolute EEG power was calculated for the slow-wave, alpha and beta frequency bands, for the corresponding cortical regions. The age-related changes in regional tissue volumes and regional EEG power were inferred with a regression model. The results indicated that the healthy participants experienced accelerated GM loss, EEG power loss and WM gain in the frontal and parietal lobes between the ages of 10 and 20 years, which decelerated between the ages of 20 and 30 years. A linear relationship was also observed between the maturational changes in regional GM volumes and EEG power in the frontal and parietal lobes. These results indicate that the periadolescent period is a time of great structural and electrophysiological change in the healthy human brain. The aim of Chapter 3 was to identify the GM abnormalities present in patients with FES, both at the time of their first presentation to mental health services (baseline), and over the first 2-3 years of their illness (follow-up). MRI scans were acquired from 41 patients with FES at baseline, and 47 matched healthy control subjects. Of these participants, 25 FES patients and 26 controls returned 2-3 years later for a follow-up scan. The analysis technique of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used in conjunction with the Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) software package in order to identify the regions of GM difference between the groups at baseline. The related analysis technique of tensor-based morphometry (TBM) was used to identify subjects’ longitudinal GM change over the follow-up interval. Relative to the healthy controls, the FES patients were observed to exhibit widespread GM reductions in the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices and cerebellum at baseline, as well as more circumscribed regions of GM increase, particularly in the occipital lobe. Furthermore, the FES patients lost considerably more GM over the follow-up interval than the controls, particularly in the parietal and temporal cortices. These results indicate that patients with FES exhibit significant structural brain abnormalities very early in the course of their illness, and that these abnormalities progress over the first few years of their illness. Chapter 4 employed the same methodology to investigate the white matter abnormalities exhibited by the FES subjects relative to the controls, both at baseline and over the follow-up interval. Compared to controls, the FES patients exhibited volumetric WM deficits in the frontal and temporal lobes at baseline, as well as volumetric increases at the fronto-parietal junction bilaterally. Furthermore, the FES patients lost considerably more WM over the follow-up interval than did the controls in the middle and inferior temporal cortex bilaterally. While there is substantial evidence indicating that abnormalities in the maturational processes of myelination play a significant role in the development of WM abnormalities in FES, the observed longitudinal reductions in WM were consistent with the death of a select population of temporal lobe neurons over the follow-up interval. The aim of Chapter 5 was to investigate the clinical correlates of the GM abnormalities exhibited by the FES patients at baseline. The volumes of four distinct cerebral regions where 31 patients with FES exhibited reduced GM volumes relative to 30 matched controls were calculated and correlated with patients’ scores on three primary symptom dimensions: Disorganization, Reality Distortion and Psychomotor Poverty. The results indicated that the greater the degree of atrophy exhibited by the FES patients in three of these four ‘regions-of-reduction’, the less severe their degree of Reality Distortion. These results suggest that an excessive amount of GM atrophy may in fact preclude the formation of hallucinations or highly systematized delusions in patients with FES. The aim of Chapter 6 was to identify the relationship between the longitudinal changes in brain structure and brain electrophysiology exhibited by 19 FES patients over the first 2-3 years of their illness, and to compare it to the normative relationship between the two indices reported in Chapter 2. The methodology employed for the parcellation of the MRI and EEG data was identical to Chapter 2. The results indicated that, in contrast to the healthy controls, the longitudinal reduction in GM volume exhibited by the FES patients was not associated with a corresponding reduction in EEG power in any brain lobe. In contrast, EEG power was observed to be maintained or even to increase over the follow-up interval in these patients. These results were consistent with the FES patients experiencing an abnormal elevation of neural synchrony. Such an abnormality in neural synchrony could potentially form the basis of the dysfunctional neural connectivity that has been widely proposed to underlie the functional deficits present in patients with schizophrenia. The primary aim of Chapter 7 was to assimilate the findings from the preceding empirical chapters with the theoretical framework provided in the literature, into an integrated and testable model of schizophrenia. The model emphasized dysfunctions in brain maturation, specifically in the normative processes of synaptic ‘pruning’ and axonal myelination, as playing a key role in the development of disintegrated neural activity and the subsequent onset of schizophrenic symptoms. The model concluded with the novel proposal that disintegrated neural activity arises from abnormal elevations in the synchrony of synaptic activity in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

<p>The aim of this study is to analyse how pornography is used in the American comics X-Men, published by Marvel under the authorship of Chris Claremont.</p><p>I have applied Butler and MacKinnons theories about pornography as a performative speech, to this special art form. I have also investigated how censorship has influenced the comics evolution and whether it has affected the way women and sexual and ethnical minorities are represented. To corroborate how these theories apply, I have analysed three main female fig-ures in The X-Men comics - Storm, Phoenix and Shadowcat - and I have tried to identify how they relate to existing stereotypes.</p><p>The conclusion of this essay is that the women characters in X-Men break the existing stereo-types and create new implications. This reinforces Butler’s theory about the possibility to re-verse hate speech and diminishes MacKinnons perspective of pornography as an imperative.</p>

The aim of this study is to analyse how pornography is used in the American comics X-Men, published by Marvel under the authorship of Chris Claremont. I have applied Butler and MacKinnons theories about pornography as a performative speech, to this special art form. I have also investigated how censorship has influenced the comics evolution and whether it has affected the way women and sexual and ethnical minorities are represented. To corroborate how these theories apply, I have analysed three main female fig-ures in The X-Men comics - Storm, Phoenix and Shadowcat - and I have tried to identify how they relate to existing stereotypes. The conclusion of this essay is that the women characters in X-Men break the existing stereo-types and create new implications. This reinforces Butler’s theory about the possibility to re-verse hate speech and diminishes MacKinnons perspective of pornography as an imperative.

Mapping ice and open water in ocean bodies is important for numerous purposes including environmental analysis and ship navigation. The Canadian Ice Service (CIS) currently has several expert ice analysts manually generate ice maps on a daily basis. The CIS would like to augment their current process with an automated ice-water discrimination algorithm capable of operating on dual-pol synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images produced by RADARSAT-2. Automated methods can provide mappings in larger volumes, with more consistency, and in finer resolutions that are otherwise impractical to generate. We have developed such an automated ice-water discrimination system called MAGIC. The algorithm first classifies the HV scene using the glocal method, a hierarchical region-based classification method. The glocal method incorporates spatial context information into the classification model using a modified watershed segmentation and a previously developed MRF classification algorithm called IRGS. Second, a pixel-based support vector machine (SVM) using a nonlinear RBF kernel classification is performed exploiting SAR grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) texture and backscatter features. Finally, the IRGS and SVM classification results are combined using the IRGS approach but with a modified energy function to accommodate the SVM pixel-based information. The combined classifier was tested on 61 ground truthed dual-pol RADARSAT-2 scenes of the Beaufort Sea containing a variety of ice types and water patterns across melt, summer, and freeze-up periods. The average leave-one-out classification accuracy with respect to these ground truths is 95.8% and MAGIC attains an accuracy of 90% or above on 88% of the scenes. The MAGIC system is now under consideration by CIS for operational use.