Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-11-08T11:56:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciane Pinheiro Jardim_.pdf: 2133534 bytes, checksum: 9286f4084a31d1adf582bc660cc4c53b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-08T11:56:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciane Pinheiro Jardim_.pdf: 2133534 bytes, checksum: 9286f4084a31d1adf582bc660cc4c53b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-24 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente proposta de tese de doutorado visa, por meio de um estudo comparativo, compreender como os governos estaduais do Rio Grande do Sul e de Pernambuco;os governos municipais de Porto Alegre e de Recife (representados pelos gestores dos programas estaduais e municipais de DST/HIV/AIDS e profissionais de saúde);e da mesma forma, os representantes do Movimento Social de Luta contra AIDS–Fórum ONG/AIDS/RS e Articulação AIDS/PE; percebem as condições de efetividade daproposta de mudança, no modelo de atenção especializada ao HIV/AIDS, para o Serviço de Atenção Básica.Para esse estudo foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa no campo das Ciências Sociais, através de um estudo comparativo, no qual os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram: a entrevista semiestruturada, a análise documental, o diário de campo e a observação participante, e como técnica de análise de dados,foi realizada uma análise comparativa qualitativa. A partir dos dados coletados, verificou-se que a proposta do Ministério da Saúde em descentralização do HIV para Atenção Básica, está em andamento no estado do Rio Grande do Sul e Porto Alegre, embora apresentem limitações, enquanto que, em Pernambuco e Recife, o processo não foi implantado, devido à fragilidade dos serviços de Atenção Básica. Contudo, considera-se que para a implementação ou manutenção, desta estratégia de compartilhamento do cuidado, deve haver, além da vontade política e gerencial, o financiamento para fomentar as ações necessárias, bem como, a concessão de direito de acesso universal aos serviços de saúde. / The present proposal of doctoral thesis aims by means of a comparative study to understand how the state governments of Rio Grande do Sul and Pernambuco; the municipal governments of Porto Alegre and Recife (representedby managers ofstateand municipal STD / HIV / AIDS programsandhealthprofessionals); and in thesameway, therepresentativesofthe Social MovementofFightagainst AIDS - NGO / AIDS Forum / RS andArticulationAIDS/PE; perceive the conditions of effectiveness of the proposal of change, in the model of specialized attention to HIV/AIDS, for the Basic Attention Service. For this study, a qualitative research was conducted in the field of Social Sciences, through a comparative study, in which the methodological procedures used were: semi-structured interview, documentary analysis, field diary and participant observation, and as analysis technique A qualitative comparative analysis was performed. From the data collected, it was verified that the Ministry of Health's proposal for decentralization of HIV for Basic Care is in progress in the state of Rio Grande do Sul and Porto Alegre, although there are limitations, while in Pernambuco and Recife the process was not implemented due to the fragility of Primary Care services. However, it is considered that for the implementation or maintenance of this strategy of sharing care, there should be, beyond the political and managerial will, the funding to foster the necessary actions, as well as the granting of universal access rights to health services.

The researcher explored problems that hamper the implementation of the HIV/AIDS Policy at a specific public high school in KwaZulu-Natal. The research was designed as a qualitative single case study. Various data collection methods were implemented: a one-on-one interview was conducted with the principal, while the SMT and Life Orientation team took part in focus groups and the school governing body members completed a questionnaire. The researcher succeeded in answering the research question: Which problems hamper the implementation of the HIV/AIDS Policy at the participant high school in KwaZulu-Natal? She identified the principal and school governing body’s limited knowledge of their obligations with regard to the implementation of the HIV/AIDS Policy, different beliefs and myths related to specific ethnic groups towards HIV/AIDS, non-disclosure as a result of negative stigma and discrimination, the lack of cooperation from parents, cultural and religious beliefs as the main problems hindering the implementation of the HIV/AIDS Policy at this school. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)

Following the wake of the AIDS-catastrophe in the beginning of the eighties, homosexual men or 'men who have sex with men' (MSM) have been barred from donating blood throughout the planet. In this thesis I look into the different discourses at play in the context of creating the legal framework for blood donation in Sweden. Genealogically tracing the emergence of the category of MSM and mapping how the category is brought to use in contemporary negotiations on blood safety, I scrutinize how scientific truth is established within blood transfusion practice. I argue that the rationality of risk group exclusion is contingent on economical grounds, and that the foucauldian concept of biopolitics could productively be used to understand this rationality. In particular, the concept of the 'biopolitics of blood' can be employed in order to understand the reluctance from the involved actors to acknowledge the heteronormative consequences of the legal framework of contemporary blood donation. / Sedan HIV-virusets uppkomst i början av åttiotalet har homosexuella män eller 'män som har sex med män' (MSM) uteslutits från blodgivning. I den här uppsatsen tittar jag på de sexualitetsdiskurser som cirkulerar i de sammanhang där dessa regler utvecklas. Genom att genealogiskt spåra uppkomsten av kategorin MSM och sedan följa hur den används i samtida förhandlingar om blodsäkerhet undersöker jag hur vetenskaplig sanning etableras inom svensk blodtransfusion. Jag menar att riskgruppslogiken till viss del vilar på ekonomiska grunder, samt att begreppet 'blodets biopolitik' produktivt kan användas för att förstå den motvilja som de inblandade aktörerna visar mot att erkänna de heteronormativa konsekvenser som dagens lagstiftning kring blodgivning har.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research has sought to critically discuss and analyse how the introduction of a HIV and AIDS policy in the workplace reduces stigma and discrimination within the workplace, increases VCT and reduces the risk of infection. This research, sought to further discuss and analyse how the ideas, beliefs and values embedded within a HIV and AIDS policy can be further extended into the community. This research focused on the literature of key theorists such as Donnely, S. (2002). A New Form of Discrimination in the Workplace (www.iol.co.za April 29th 2002), Hereck, G.M. (1990). Illness Stigma and AIDS. Psychological Aspects of Serious Illness. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association. Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Noted on the Management of Spoiled Identity. New Jersey: Prentice Hall as a means of validating the research. This research has further made use of both qualitative and quantitative methods through the use of biographical questionnaires and structured one-on-one interviews. In so doing the research has found that the implementation of a HIV and AIDS workplace policy would assist in eradicating stigma and discrimination in the workplace. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om te bepaal tot watter mate die implementering van 'n MIV/Vigsbeleid stigma en diskriminasie in die werksplek kan verminder, vrywillige toetsing kan aanmoedig en infeksie kan voorkom. Die navorsing poog verder om te bepaal op welke wyse die idees, waardes en gelowe, soos vervat in 'n MIV/Vigsbeleid, uitgebrei kan word na die wyer gemeenskap. Die navorsing focus op die teoretiese werk van Donnely, S. (2002), A New Form of Discrimination in the Workplace (www.iol.co.za April 29th 2002); Hereck, G.M. (1990). Illness Stigma and AIDS. Psychological Aspects of Serious Illness. Washington D.C.: American Psychological Association en Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma: Noted on the Management of Spoiled Identity. New Jersey: Prentice Hall ten einde die geldigheid van die navorsing te bepaal. 'n Gestruktureerde vraelys en onderhoude is vir dataversameling gebruik en die bevinding van die studie is dat 'n goed-geformuleerde MIV/Vigsbeleid wel stigma en die diskriminasie in die werksplek kan voorkom.

The point of departure in this study was to find a logical structure to answer the research question. In order to do this, the central concept adequate was defined, clarified and linked to the research question while on the same score, concepts related to it were also defined and clarified. The objectives of the study and the conceptual instruments were combined and thereafter linked to HIV/AIDS as a real life phenomenon. The literature reviewed assisted in accessing sources relevant to the topic, in setting the theoretical framework for the study and selecting appropriate tools to measure and evaluate the adequacy of governmental health and welfare interventions. The theoretical framework of the study is informed by the idea that the Government has obligations in terms of a social contract with society. On this basis, a conceptual instrument was built, bearing in mind section 2 of the 1996 Constitution. The evaluation criteria used involves collection and sifting through information and data while on the same score, making judgements about the validity of information obtained and deriving inferences from such information. / Public Administration / M. Admin. (Public Administration)

The AIDS epidemic affects the capacity of the South African public service to deliver essential services. In response, the Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism in Limpopo implemented its HIV/AIDS workplace policy in 2003. This research evaluated the extent to which resources were allocated towards the implementation of the workplace policy, to effectively respond to the impacts of HIV/AIDS on the workplace. A combined quantitative and qualitative approach was used. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews of 43 officers involved in the implementation of the workplace policy, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The results indicated that the resources allocated for the workplace HIV/AIDS policy, namely budget, human resources and materials, were inadequate, with district offices being worse affected. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

The point of departure in this study was to find a logical structure to answer the research question. In order to do this, the central concept adequate was defined, clarified and linked to the research question while on the same score, concepts related to it were also defined and clarified. The objectives of the study and the conceptual instruments were combined and thereafter linked to HIV/AIDS as a real life phenomenon. The literature reviewed assisted in accessing sources relevant to the topic, in setting the theoretical framework for the study and selecting appropriate tools to measure and evaluate the adequacy of governmental health and welfare interventions. The theoretical framework of the study is informed by the idea that the Government has obligations in terms of a social contract with society. On this basis, a conceptual instrument was built, bearing in mind section 2 of the 1996 Constitution. The evaluation criteria used involves collection and sifting through information and data while on the same score, making judgements about the validity of information obtained and deriving inferences from such information. / Public Administration and Management / M. Admin. (Public Administration)

The AIDS epidemic affects the capacity of the South African public service to deliver essential services. In response, the Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism in Limpopo implemented its HIV/AIDS workplace policy in 2003. This research evaluated the extent to which resources were allocated towards the implementation of the workplace policy, to effectively respond to the impacts of HIV/AIDS on the workplace. A combined quantitative and qualitative approach was used. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews of 43 officers involved in the implementation of the workplace policy, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The results indicated that the resources allocated for the workplace HIV/AIDS policy, namely budget, human resources and materials, were inadequate, with district offices being worse affected. / Social Work / M.A. (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS)

Against the background of evidence that HIV-AIDS has had and continues to have an enormous impact on all South African schools, a need has arisen for HIV -AIDS policies and programmes to be effectively implemented in all schools. In this study, a qualitative methodology was used to evaluate policy implementation in the North West province. Data was gathered by means of field notes, observation and interviews with management and educators. The study found that although principals and educators are knowledgeable about HIV -AIDS, there is a tendency to discriminate against infected educators, particularly in terms of educator workload. This study also revealed that educators fear being accidentally exposed to HIV -AIDS infected blood, despite the guidelines given in the National HIV -AIDS policy and the availability of emergency first aid kits. The key thought emerging from this study is that not all schools are able to deal effectively with HIV -AIDS and that schools urgently need to plan or implement their own policies in this regard. School-based HIV-AIDS policies can only be successful if they take cognisance of local contextual issues and involve the three spheres of influence in the lives of educators and learners, namely, the sphere of the school, the sphere of family life and the sphere of the community. / Sociology / M.A.(Social and Behavioural Studies in HIV-AIDS)

Against the background of evidence that HIV-AIDS has had and continues to have an enormous impact on all South African schools, a need has arisen for HIV -AIDS policies and programmes to be effectively implemented in all schools. In this study, a qualitative methodology was used to evaluate policy implementation in the North West province. Data was gathered by means of field notes, observation and interviews with management and educators. The study found that although principals and educators are knowledgeable about HIV -AIDS, there is a tendency to discriminate against infected educators, particularly in terms of educator workload. This study also revealed that educators fear being accidentally exposed to HIV -AIDS infected blood, despite the guidelines given in the National HIV -AIDS policy and the availability of emergency first aid kits. The key thought emerging from this study is that not all schools are able to deal effectively with HIV -AIDS and that schools urgently need to plan or implement their own policies in this regard. School-based HIV-AIDS policies can only be successful if they take cognisance of local contextual issues and involve the three spheres of influence in the lives of educators and learners, namely, the sphere of the school, the sphere of family life and the sphere of the community. / Sociology / M.A.(Social and Behavioural Studies in HIV-AIDS)