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A fortuna crítica de À la recherche du temps perdu sempre teve como um dos seus principais motes a relação da obra com outras artes, ou seja, uma construção estética baseada em uma relação de homologia estrutural com outros sistemas artísticos, dentre eles a música, a arquitetura, a própria literatura e a pintura. Essa construção faz com que a obra venha constantemente acompanhada do epíteto de museu imaginário. Especificamente, o nome do pintor holandês Johannes Ver Meer tem um lugar privilegiado na estética proustiana. Entretanto, nem todas as telas são mencionadas ao longo da narrativa. Somada a isso, a tessitura da escritura de Marcel Proust revela-se como um saber fortemente indiciário. Assim, a partir de índices que percorrem epístolas de Proust, textos críticos e a própria narrativa de À la recherche du temps perdu, esta tese cujo recorte de leitura é especificamente o episódio da lanterna mágica e seus desdobramentos defende que uma das telas de Ver Meer, a saber, A arte da pintura, é uma ausência epistêmica que, no entanto, faz-se presente, deixando inscritos na obra seus efeitos de significação. A fim de compreendermos essa presença-ausente, esta tese recorre ao conceito de letra, conforme o ensino de Jacques Lacan, os textos freudianos nos quais esse conceito estava em latência e os esclarecimentos e avanços feitos por Jacques Derrida, especificamente em seus textos da década de sessenta do século passado. Por efeitos de significação, concebe-se a ideia de que A arte da pintura realiza-se como uma ideia ausente, mas pungente no que tange aos efeitos estéticos de esmero do detalhe e dos processos descritivos, implicando uma relação de similitude entre o narrador em seu quarto, em lincipit de À la recherche du temps perdu e no episódio da lanterna mágica, e um artista em seu ateliê, presente na tela de Ver Meer, que incidirá em uma poética do detalhe. / The critical fortune of À la Recherche du Temps Perdu has always had, as one of its main threads, the relationship of work with other art forms, in other words, an aesthetic construction based on a relationship of structural homology with other Arts, including music, architecture, literature itself and painting. This ensures that the work is constantly accompanied by the epithet of the imaginary museum. Specifically, the name of the Dutch painter Johannes Ver Meer has a privileged place in the Proustian aesthetic. Nevertheless, not all canvases are mentioned during the narrative. Added to this, the tone of the Marcel Proust text reveals itself as a clear, evidentiary wisdom. Therefore, from indices that permeate the Proust missives, critical texts and the narrative of À la Recherche du Temps Perdu, this thesis, the scope of which is limited specifically to the episode of the Magic Lantern and its ramifications, argues that one of Ver Meers canvases, namely that of the Art of Painting, is epistemically absent, however it makes its presence felt through its effects of significance on the piece. In order to understand this absent-presence, this thesis uses the concept of the letter, according to the teachings of Jacques Lacan, Freudian texts in which this concept was latent, and in the clarifications and advances made by Jacques Derrida in his writings of the 1960s. For purpose of meaning, one has conceived the idea that The Art of Painting be like a missing yet poignant idea touching the aesthetic effects of minute detail and of the descriptive processes, implying an affinity in relationship between the narrator in his chamber, in l\'incipit of la Recherche du Temps Perdu and the episode of the Magic Lantern, and the artist in his studio, present on Ver Meers canvas, reflected in a poetic detail.

A fortuna crítica de À la recherche du temps perdu sempre teve como um dos seus principais motes a relação da obra com outras artes, ou seja, uma construção estética baseada em uma relação de homologia estrutural com outros sistemas artísticos, dentre eles a música, a arquitetura, a própria literatura e a pintura. Essa construção faz com que a obra venha constantemente acompanhada do epíteto de museu imaginário. Especificamente, o nome do pintor holandês Johannes Ver Meer tem um lugar privilegiado na estética proustiana. Entretanto, nem todas as telas são mencionadas ao longo da narrativa. Somada a isso, a tessitura da escritura de Marcel Proust revela-se como um saber fortemente indiciário. Assim, a partir de índices que percorrem epístolas de Proust, textos críticos e a própria narrativa de À la recherche du temps perdu, esta tese cujo recorte de leitura é especificamente o episódio da lanterna mágica e seus desdobramentos defende que uma das telas de Ver Meer, a saber, A arte da pintura, é uma ausência epistêmica que, no entanto, faz-se presente, deixando inscritos na obra seus efeitos de significação. A fim de compreendermos essa presença-ausente, esta tese recorre ao conceito de letra, conforme o ensino de Jacques Lacan, os textos freudianos nos quais esse conceito estava em latência e os esclarecimentos e avanços feitos por Jacques Derrida, especificamente em seus textos da década de sessenta do século passado. Por efeitos de significação, concebe-se a ideia de que A arte da pintura realiza-se como uma ideia ausente, mas pungente no que tange aos efeitos estéticos de esmero do detalhe e dos processos descritivos, implicando uma relação de similitude entre o narrador em seu quarto, em lincipit de À la recherche du temps perdu e no episódio da lanterna mágica, e um artista em seu ateliê, presente na tela de Ver Meer, que incidirá em uma poética do detalhe. / The critical fortune of À la Recherche du Temps Perdu has always had, as one of its main threads, the relationship of work with other art forms, in other words, an aesthetic construction based on a relationship of structural homology with other Arts, including music, architecture, literature itself and painting. This ensures that the work is constantly accompanied by the epithet of the imaginary museum. Specifically, the name of the Dutch painter Johannes Ver Meer has a privileged place in the Proustian aesthetic. Nevertheless, not all canvases are mentioned during the narrative. Added to this, the tone of the Marcel Proust text reveals itself as a clear, evidentiary wisdom. Therefore, from indices that permeate the Proust missives, critical texts and the narrative of À la Recherche du Temps Perdu, this thesis, the scope of which is limited specifically to the episode of the Magic Lantern and its ramifications, argues that one of Ver Meers canvases, namely that of the Art of Painting, is epistemically absent, however it makes its presence felt through its effects of significance on the piece. In order to understand this absent-presence, this thesis uses the concept of the letter, according to the teachings of Jacques Lacan, Freudian texts in which this concept was latent, and in the clarifications and advances made by Jacques Derrida in his writings of the 1960s. For purpose of meaning, one has conceived the idea that The Art of Painting be like a missing yet poignant idea touching the aesthetic effects of minute detail and of the descriptive processes, implying an affinity in relationship between the narrator in his chamber, in l\'incipit of la Recherche du Temps Perdu and the episode of the Magic Lantern, and the artist in his studio, present on Ver Meers canvas, reflected in a poetic detail.

In this essay seven children’s books aimed at the age group 6-9 years are read using a matrix to determine if the characters, from a viewpoint considering current gender norms and power, are normative, norm-breaking or falsely norm-breaking. The latter means that they have been attributed transgressive characteristics without there being any shift in power balance from the masculine to the feminine. Results show that the authors have tried to break gender norms, for example with regards to the child -characters’ clothes, which are consistently very alike regardless of gender. These efforts remain shallow as the power still rests with the boys, whose awareness of their own position within the gender -power system give them a sense of intrinsic power (power-to). The female characters reflect societal gender norms by being self-effacing, compliant and reactive, for example by praising the boys, providing them with room to be competent as well as both silencing themselves and letting themselves be silenced. The boy -characters show falsely norm-breaking behaviour in some areas, for example by having atypically broad emotional spectra, yet the boys’ superiority is retained and is reflected in their behaviour towards the female characters. / I denna uppsats granskas sju stycken barnböcker för åldersgruppen 6–9 år utifrån en matris för att bestämma ifall karaktärerna, med utgångspunkt i rådande genusnormer och i förhållande till makt, är normativa, normbrytande eller falskt normbrytande. Det senare innebär att de tillskrivs transgressiva egenskaper, utan att någon maktförskjutning från det maskulina till det feminina sker.Resultatet visar på försök från författarnas sida att bryta genusnormer, t.ex. vad gäller barnkaraktärernas kläder som genomgående är mycket lika oavsett genustillhörighet. Dessa försök blir dock ytliga då makten i de flesta fall fortfarande vilar hos pojkarna, vilkas medvetenhet om sin position i könsmaktssystemet ger dem en inneboende känsla av makt (power-to). De kvinnliga karaktärerna reflekterar samhällets normer genom att vara omvärldsorienterade, fogliga och reaktiva, t.ex. genom att berömma pojkkaraktärerna, ge dem utrymme att vara kompetenta samt att både tysta sig själva och låta sig tystas. Pojkkaraktärerna visar på vissa områden exempel på falskt normbrytande beteende, t.ex. genom att ha atypiskt breda känslospektra, medan pojkarnas överordning kvarstår och reflekteras i deras beteende gentemot flickkaraktärerna.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Spanish and Portuguese, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-57).

Thesis (MA)-- University Stellenbosch, 1993. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Johann Theophilus Hahn, seun van die Rynse sendeling, J. -Samuel Hahn, is gebore op die sendingstasie Ebenhaeser (Lutzville) op 24 Desember 1842. As 'n seun op die sendingstasies Ebenaeser en Bethanien en Berseba in Suidwes-Afrika (Namibie), het hy geleer om die verskillende Khoisandialekte te praat. Ter wille van sy kinders se akademiese opleiding het Samuel Hahn in 1852 na Duitsland teruggekeer. Daar het Theophilus hornas uitstaande student bewys en in 1870 het hy sy doktorsgraad verwerf met die proefskrif Die - Sprache der Nama; nebst einem Anhang enthaltend Sprachproben aus dem Munde des Volkes. Terwyl hy aan die universiteit van Halle studeer het, het hy 'n aantal etnologiese artikels oor die inheemse volkere van Suidwes-Afrika (Namibie) geskryf. Met sy terugkeer na Suid-Afrika in 1871, het hy 'n handelaar in Suidwes-Afrika geword. Na sy huwelik in 1875 met Marianne Esther de La Roche Smuts het hy in Rehoboth gaan bly en aldaar 'n handelsaak begin. Hahn het Suidwes-Afrika in 1878 verlaat, nadat dit duidelik geword het dat die Kaapse regering se entoesiasme vir optrede noord van die Oranjerivier afgeneem het, as gevolg van sy militere probleme op die oosgrens, in Griekwaland-Wes en Basoetoland. Hy het daarna by sy broer Johannes, wat Rynse sendeling op Stellenbosch was, gaan woon. Aldaar het hy die eerste landkaart van Suidwes-Afrika, Original map of Namaqualand and Damaraland, voltooi. In 1881 is hy as regeringsfiloloog en bewaarder van die Grey-versameling in die Suid-Afrikaanse Openbare Biblioteek (Suid-Afrikaanse Biblioteek) aangestel. Sy aanstelling het veroorsaak dat die Hooggeregshof deur die Grey-trustees versoek is om die versameling aan hulle oor te dra en om Hahn te verbied om met die Grey-versameling in te meng. Die applikasie is deur die Hooggeregshof van die hand gewys. Terwyl hy vir die Kaapse regering gewerk het, het hy aan die Cape Native Laws and Customs Commission inligting omtrent die Nama- en Herero-kultuur verskaf. Hierdie kommissie was deur die Kaapse regering aangestel om inligting aangaande die wette en gewoontes van die inheemse volkere in te win en om verslag te doen aangaande die wesenlikheid van die instelling van 'n soort stelsel van plaaslike selfregering in die swart gebiede. Vanaf sy plaas Prospect Hill het Hahn 'n brief geskryf aan die agent van Adolf Llideritz,Heinrich Vogelsang, waarin hy waardevolle inligting oor die moontlikhede van Suidwes-Afrika gemeld het en het aan die hand gegee dat LlideritzAngra Pequena (Llideritzbaai)vir handeldoeleindes moes bekom. In 1883 het hy as regeringsfiloloog en Grey-bibliotekaris bedank en het toe die plaasbestuurder van Welmoed, in die distrik van Stellenbosch, geword. As wynboer het hy voorgestel dat n kooperasie vir die produsering van wyn gestig word, asook spoediger optrede met die bestryding van die fillokseraplaag. Met Hahn se hulp het die Kharaskhoma Exploring and Prospecting Syndicate, 'n maatskappy wat in Londen gebaseer was, in 1890 belangrike konsessies van die Bondelswart- en Velskoendraerkapteins in Suidwes-Afrika bekom. Dit was 'n monopolie vir die eksploitering van minerale, regte om handel te dryf en om spoorwee aan te le~ Na die regte van hierdie sindikaat aan die South African Territories Company .oorgedra is, het Hahn weer Suidwes-Afrika verlaat en die plaas Blaauwklip (Blaauwklippen) by Stellenbosch gekoop. Sy pogings om te boer het misluk en die plaas is na sy bankrotskap aan Cecil John Rhodes verkoop. Daarna het hy agent vir Equitable Life Assurance Society in Johannesburg geword. Terwyl hy by Markstraat 206, Johannesburg gewoon het, het hy onsuksesvol aansoek gedoen om as spioen vir die Britse Militere Regering op te tree. Hy het op 22 Januarie 1905 gesterf en is in die Braamfonteinse begraafplaas begrawe. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Johann Theophilus Hahn, son of the Rhenish missionary J. Samuel Hahn, was born at the mission station Ebenaeser (Lutzville) on 24 December 1842. As a boy at the mission stations Ebenaeser and Berseba and Bethanien in South West Africa (Namibia) he learned to speak the different Khoisan dialects. Samuel Hahn left for Germany in 1852, for the sake of his children~s academic training. There Theophilus proved himself as an outstanding student and he obtained his doctorate in 1870 on the dissertation Die Sprache der Nama; nebst einem Anhang enthaltend Sprachproben aus dem Munde des Volkes. While studying at the University of Halle he published a number of ethnological studies relating to the aborigines of South West Africa (Namibia). On his return to South Africa, he became a trader in South West Africa. After his marriage in 1875 to Marianne Esther de La Roche Smuts he settled at Rehoboth, where he started a trading business. Hahn left South West Africa in 1878, after it became clear that the Cape Government's enthusiasm for action north of the Orange River waned, as a result of its own military burdens on the eastern border, in Griqualand West and Basutoland. He went to live with his brother Johannes, a Rhenish missionary at Stellenbosch, where he completed the first map of South West Africa - Original map of Namagualand and Damaraland. In 1881 he was appointed as government philologist and custodian of the Grey Collection in the South African Public Library. His appointment as Grey custodian gave rise to an application to the Supreme Court to have the care and custody of the Grey Collection given up to the Grey Trustees and for an interdict to restrain Hahn from interfering with the Grey Collection. This application by the Grey Trustees was refused by the Supreme Court. In 1883 he provided the Cape Native Laws and Customs Commission information regarding the Nama and Herero cultures. This commission was directed by the Cape Government to enquire into the laws and customs of the Blacks and to report on the advisability of introducing some system of local self-government in the Black territories. While living at his farm Prospect Hill, he wrote a letter to the agent of Adolf Llideritz,Heinrich Vogelsang, in which he supplied valuable information about the prospects of South West Africa and suggested that Llideritzacquire Angra Pequena (LlideritzBay) as a harbour for trading purposes. He resigned as philologist and Grey Librarian in 1883 and became the manager of the farm Welmoed, in the district of Stellenbosch. As a wine-farmer he proposed the establishing of a co-operative for the production of wine, also prompt action for combating the phylloxera disease. With the assistance of Hahn the mining company Kharaskhoma Exploring and Prospecting Syndicate, a company based in London, obtained in 1890 important concessions from the chiefs of Bondelswart and Veldskoendraers - a monopoly for the exploitation of minerals, rights to trade and to contruct railways. After the syndicate transfered its rights to the South African Territories Company, he left South West Africa and bought th farm Blaauwklip (Blaauwklippen) at Stellenbosch. His farming attempts proved a disaster and his farm was sold to Cecil John Rhodes. He became an agent for the Equitable Life Assurance Society in Johannesburg and while residing at 206 Market Street he offered to act as a spy for the British Military Government. This was declined. He died on 22 January 1905 and was buried in the Braamfontein cemetery.

This paper covers the notation and basic results of the theory of ordered abelian groups required to state Hahn's Theorem, which deals with the structure of such groups. In addition, we present a simple proof of Hahn's theorem for groups of nite range and some results concerning the minimality of the immersion sugested by the theorem. / Este trabajo presenta las notaciones y resultados básicos de la teoríıa de grupos abelianos ordenados necesarios para establecer el teorema de Hahn, el cual describe la estructura de este tipo de grupos. Además presentamos una prueba simple del teorema de Hahn para grupos ordenados de rango finito y algunos resultados sobre la minimalidad de la inmersión descrita en el teorema.

Motivated by results of linear algebra over fields, rings and tropical semirings, we present a systematic way to understand the behaviour of matrices with entries in an arbitrary semiring. We focus on three closely related problems concerning the row and column spaces of matrices. This allows us to isolate and extract common properties that hold for different reasons over different semirings, yet also lets us identify which features of linear algebra are specific to particular types of semiring. For instance, the row and column spaces of a matrix over a field are isomorphic to each others' duals, as well as to each other, but over a tropical semiring only the first of these properties holds in general (this in itself is a surprising fact). Instead of being isomorphic, the row space and column space of a tropical matrix are anti-isomorphic in a certain order-theoretic and algebraic sense. The first problem is to describe the kernels of the row and column spaces of a given matrix. These equivalence relations generalise the orthogonal complement of a set of vectors, and the nature of their equivalence classes is entirely dependent upon the kind of semiring in question. The second, Hahn-Banach type, problem is to decide which linear functionals on row and column spaces of matrices have a linear extension. If they all do, the underlying semiring is called exact, and in this case the row and column spaces of any matrix are isomorphic to each others' duals. The final problem is to explain the connection between the row space and column space of each matrix. Our notion of a conjugation on a semiring accounts for the different possibilities in a unified manner, as it guarantees the existence of bijections between row and column spaces and lets us focus on the peculiarities of those bijections. Our main original contribution is the systematic approach described above, but along the way we establish several new results about exactness of semirings. We give sufficient conditions for a subsemiring of an exact semiring to inherit exactness, and we apply these conditions to show that exactness transfers to finite group semirings. We also show that every Boolean ring is exact. This result is interesting because it allows us to construct a ring which is exact (also known as FP-injective) but not self-injective. Finally, we consider exactness for residuated lattices, showing that every involutive residuated lattice is exact. We end by showing that the residuated lattice of subsets of a finite monoid is exact if and only if the monoid is a group.

<p>The purpose of this master thesis has been to develop a baggage handling process at Stockholm Skavsta Airport that is cost-efficient, in order to prepare for the expected expansion of the airport. When developing the new process it was a directive to examine the possibilities of using radio frequency identification, RFID, technology and also that the required investment for the new process should have a payback time of no more than two to three years. The current process contains a completely manual sorting activity, which is both costly in terms of personnel and creates some mishandling of baggage due to the human factor. Our recommendation is a baggage handling process that use automatic sorting through RFID technology that eliminates the mishandling of baggage and reduce the personnel costs and at the same time have a payback period of less than three years. The main cost driver is the RFID tag costs and therefore our process is a so called closed-loop system, where the tags are reused several times and require very little work in between uses. The proposed physical layout consists of a drawing of the physical layout of the baggage sorting hall, a description of the RFID system, and the required information system software.</p>

The purpose of this master thesis has been to develop a baggage handling process at Stockholm Skavsta Airport that is cost-efficient, in order to prepare for the expected expansion of the airport. When developing the new process it was a directive to examine the possibilities of using radio frequency identification, RFID, technology and also that the required investment for the new process should have a payback time of no more than two to three years. The current process contains a completely manual sorting activity, which is both costly in terms of personnel and creates some mishandling of baggage due to the human factor. Our recommendation is a baggage handling process that use automatic sorting through RFID technology that eliminates the mishandling of baggage and reduce the personnel costs and at the same time have a payback period of less than three years. The main cost driver is the RFID tag costs and therefore our process is a so called closed-loop system, where the tags are reused several times and require very little work in between uses. The proposed physical layout consists of a drawing of the physical layout of the baggage sorting hall, a description of the RFID system, and the required information system software.