At present, the whole world has one characteristic feature in common, which is an increasing number of people reaching a high age. In this respect, the Czech Republic is no exception. As a result, the percentage of senior citizens is also steadily increasing. Most of these senior citizens will be threatened by a low income, especially those who live alone. At present there is no statistics that would show the numbers of senior citizens in specific age groups concerning the amount of pensions, and there is no statistics that would show the numbers in territorial units at lower levels than regions. It is surprising that, with the present alarming prognoses of the numbers of senior citizens, statistical data concerning pensions are not analysed in detail. Some of them rank in the group of poor and problematic senior citizens, as a result, for instance, of paying a low social insurance of failing to pay any social insurance at all. It will be necessary to create a network of services for low-income senior citizens that will guarantee their primary needs. The objective of this thesis was to carry out a monitoring of the need of services for low-income senior citizens, and a proposal of a possible provider of these services. The methodological process included a content and secondary data analysis of socio-demographic indicators about the population of senior citizens. The collection of primary data was conducted in the form of a semi-controlled interview with providers of social services for senior citizens. The target set consisted of senior citizens in the administrative area of the municipality with extended authority of České Budějovice, and the set subject to study consisted of providers of social services for senior citizens. The results of my diploma thesis have confirmed that a service for low-income senior citizens in České Budějovice is not available. My diploma thesis will constitute a basis for the Council of the City of České Budějovice when dealing with the questions concerning services for low-income senior citizens.

Trata-se de análise a respeito do Consultório na Rua, estratégia de atenção básica às pessoas em situação de rua. Foram utilizados três métodos para compreender este serviço: análise comparada das propostas legais das unidades móveis de Portugal, Estados Unidos da América e Brasil; estudo sócio-histórico, por meio da sociogênese proposta por Pierre Bourdieu, com base em documentos oficiais, literatura indexada e entrevistas de agentes; e avaliação de implantação de uma equipe de Consultório na Rua da cidade de São Paulo, utilizando-se de observação participante, informações oriundas de relatórios e prontuários, entrevistas com trabalhadores e usuários do serviço, e apoiando-se em modelo lógico e matriz de avaliação de grau de implantação. A proposta brasileira de unidade móvel apresentou semelhanças no uso de equipes multiprofissionais e oferecimento de ações de redução de danos entre as demais analisadas, elementos que contribuem para o alcance da equidade. Sua gênese foi possível em contexto político favorável ao investimento de políticas sobre drogas e expansão da Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. Porém sofreu influências de conflitos entre agentes de diferentes polos do espaço social. A análise de implantação revelou adaptações da proposta federal oriundas de programas anteriores do município de São Paulo, de limitações da rede de serviços, e influências de conflitos identificados na gênese / This is an analysis of the Clinic on the Street, a strategy of basic care for people in homelessness. Three methods were used to understand this service: comparative analysis of the legal proposals of the mobile units of Portugal, the United States of America and Brazil; socio-historical study, through the sociogenesis proposed by Pierre Bourdieu, based on official documents, indexed literature and interviews of agents; and evaluation of the implantation of a \'Clinic on the Street\' team from São Paulo, using participant observation, information from reports and records, interviews with workers and users of the service, and based on a logistic model and evaluation matrix of degree of implantation. The Brazilian proposal of mobile unit showed similarities in the use of multiprofessional teams and offering harm reduction actions among the others analyzed, elements that contribute to equity. Its genesis was possible in a political context favorable to the investment of policies on drugs and expansion of the National Policy of Basic Attention. However, it was influenced by conflicts between agents from different poles of the social space. The implementation analysis revealed adaptations of the federal proposal from previous programs in the city of São Paulo, limitations of the service network, and influences of conflicts identified in the genesis

Cette recherche exploratoire et qualitative porte un regard sur la réalité des personnes qui vivent dans la rue avec un chien comme animal de compagnie. Sachant que le milieu de la rue est un environnement stressant et rempli d’épreuves à surmonter, il est possible de croire que d’y vivre avec un animal de compagnie peut influencer le quotidien d’une personne. Bien que seulement 10 % des personnes en situation d’itinérance vivent avec un animal de compagnie (Irvine & al. 2012 ; Irvine.2013), il est important de cerner le sens qu’elles attribuent à leur relation et comprendre leur contexte situationnel afin de saisir leur réalité. Pour ce faire, cette recherche met en lumière les bénéfices et les contraintes qu’engendrent cette présence et l’influence de ces aspects relationnels sur le processus de désaffiliation sociale dans lequel la personne se situe lorsqu’elle vit dans la rue. / Abstract : This qualitative research explores the reality of street people who share their lives with a dog as a companion. Knowing that the street is a stressful environment filled with hardships, it is possible it is contemplated that living on the street with a pet can considerably influence someone’s life. Considering that it is about 10% of people that live on the street who are having a pet (Irvine 2013), it is important to identify the meaning they attribute to their relationship. To understand their situational context, this research highlights the benefits and constraints of this presence and the influence of these relational aspects on the social disaffiliation process of a person who live on the street with animal.

Den här studien undersöker hur representationen av hemlöshet ser ut i två svenska gatutidningar: Faktum och Situation Sthlm. Syftet med studien är att bidra till teoretiseringen av mediers representation av hemlöshet, samt att utöka förståelsen för gatutidningar som medium och som plattform för utsatta människor. För att uppnå syftet utgår studiens teoretiska ramverk från kritisk diskursanalys (CDA) och representation av klass. Studiens metod grundar sig på begrepp från CDA, tillsammans med begrepp från van Leeuwens taxonomi för representationer av sociala aktörer. Ett urval av texter från Faktum och Situation Sthlm har gjorts för att kunna studera representationen av hemlöshet i gatutidningar. Resultatet visar att hemlösa representeras utifrån fem olika diskursiva teman. I det första konstrueras hemlösa som aktiva individer med mänskliga egenskaper. I det andra förekommer den motsatta bilden där hemlösa ses som anonyma passiva grupper. Hemlösa representeras också som missbrukare och kriminella. Ett av temana innefattar representationen av externa problem som orsaker till hemlöshet, däribland droger och brott. Slutligen konstrueras ett “vi” och ett “dem” där hemlösa ses som motståndare till icke-hemlösa. / This study examines the representation of homelessness in two Swedish street newspapers: Faktum and Situation Sthlm. The study aims to contribute to theorization of media representations of homelessness and also to increase the understanding of street newspapers as a medium and as a platform for vulnerable people. To achieve the aim, the theoretical framework of the study is based on critical discourse analysis (CDA) and representation of class. The study method uses concepts from CDA, together with concepts from van Leeuwen's taxonomy of representation of social actors. A selection of texts from Faktum and Situation Sthlm has been made to examine the representation of homelessness in street newspapers. The results show that homeless people are represented within five different discursive themes. In the first one the homeless are constructed as active individuals with human qualities. In the second the opposite image occurs where homeless people are seen as anonymous passive groups. The homeless are also represented as drug-users and criminals. One of the themes includes the representation of causes for homelessness, among them drugs and crimes. Finally an “us” and “them” is constructed where homeless people are seen as opponents to non- homeless people.

Presented thesis is called Pathways Out of Homelessness from the Respondents Point of View. It basis lays in the analysis of interviewes with nine respondents by so called grounded theory method. As an answer to the question - How formaly homeless people get back to the society from their point of view? - the model of Changeable identity emerged. Its description is the basis of this thesis. I clarify two positions "homeless person" and "person with full society membership" within it, I am observing the transformation from the first position to the second through the reintegration process. I follow influences that affect it. In conclusion, I discuss a question of the end of homelessness. Key words: identity, process of reintegration, the turning point, homeless person, end of the homelessness, full society membership

This thesis - The issue of homelessness women: Social work at the shelter for women deals with the issue of homelessness for women and more women using homeless through social work in a particular social service - a shelter for women. The theoretical part describes the basic concepts related to homelessness; characteristics of homelessness; forms of homelessness; homelessness for women - causes and circumstances that led to the loss of home; forms of assistance; inclusion in housing and society; social work in shelter for women - services targets; concrete assistance and cooperation of social worker with clients; roles and responsibilities of social workers; pitfalls of social work at the shelter for women. The practical part contains stories (case studies) clients shelter for women who not only illustrate the combination of the various causes of loss of home and homelessness of these women, but also how to work with them through social work.

No description available.

L'itinérance est un problème complexe qui a des conséquences désastreuses pour les individus et la société. Pour répondre à ce problème, le gouvernement de Canada a adopté le modèle Logement d’abord et l'approche de réduction de méfaits. Logement d’abord offre un accès facile au logement avec des services de soutien aux personnes en situation d'itinérance chronique qui ont souvent des problèmes concomitants de santé mentale et de toxicomanie. D’autres part, la réduction de méfaits reconnait que certaines personnes ne peuvent pas ou ne veulent pas arrêter de consommer des substances psychoactives. Par conséquent, cette approche se centre sur la réduction des effets nocifs de la consommation de drogues et d'alcool. Le but de cette étude était d'examiner comment l'approche réduction de méfaits et son déploiement dans le cadre du programme Logement d’abord à Montréal. Nous avons examiné les facteurs qui facilitent ou empêchent son utilisation, comment l’approche aide les résidents et les travailleurs à atténuer les risques et à comprendre la consommation de substances et quelle est sa contribution au processus de réinsertion sociale des participants du programme Logement d’abord. L'analyse des données a démontré que des pratiques de réduction de méfaits facilitent l’acquisition de logement pour les personnes en situation d'itinérance chronique en réduisant donc les effets néfastes de l'itinérance. De même, le soutien à long terme semble être un outil qui aide les gens à surmonter l'isolement, à maintenir un logement et à atténuer les problèmes de toxicomanie. Cette étude conclue que l’utilisation de l’approche de réduction de méfaits dans le cadre du programme Logement d’abord demande de prend en compte le niveau d’autonomie de la personne ainsi que son droit à l’autodétermination avec la possibilité de se retirer des services dont elle ne ressent pas le besoin. De plus, il est important de comprend que les résidents ont déjà des outils de base sur la réduction des méfaits en raison de leurs connaissances et leurs expériences même s'ils se montrent incapables de définir ces termes. Du point de vue des intervenants, la réduction des méfaits s’actualise en aidant les résidents à entretenir leurs appartements, en les sensibilisant aux effets négatives de la toxicomanie et en leur fournissant un soutien pendant la durée du programme. Néanmoins, la réduction de méfaits dans ce contexte est confrontée à plusieurs défis, notamment le manque d'éducation sur l'approche, et le manque d'inclusion des personnes toxicomanes dans les programmes qui les desservent. / Homelessness is a complex problem that carries disastrous consequences for individuals and societies. To help address the problem, governments have adopted the Housing First (HF) model and the Harm Reduction (HR) approach. HF provides housing and supportive services to people experiencing chronic homelessness who often have co-occurring mental health and substance use problems. HR acknowledges that some people are unable or unwilling to stop using substances, therefore, it focuses on reducing the harmful effects of drug and alcohol use. The purpose of this study is to examine how the HR approach is deployed within a HF project in Montreal, what are the factors that facilitate or hinder its use, how it helps HF residents and workers mitigate risk and understand substance use and what is its contribution to participants’ reinsertion process. The results demonstrate that HR practices facilitate housing acquisition for people experiencing chronic homelessness and therefore can reduce the adverse effects of homelessness and substance use. For some people finding ontological security means that they no longer need to cope with the dangers of living in the streets and have a better management of substance use. In a similar manner, long-term support also seems to be a tool that helps people fight isolation, maintain housing and mitigate problems related to substance use. The study concludes that the use of HR in HF requires intervention that takes into account the person’s level of autonomy as well as their right to self-determination with the possibility of opting out of services if they do not feel the need. In addition, It is important to acknowledge that residents have inherited HR tools based on their knowledge and experiences even though they manifest not being able to define HR principles. From the worker’s perspective, HR is practiced by helping residents maintain their apartments, creating awareness about substance use, and providing support throughout the duration of the program. Nevertheless, the practice of HR faces several challenges, including the lack of education about the approach as well as the lack of inclusion of drug users in programs that serve them.

No description available.

No description available.