The study focused on the role of members of the School Management Team (SMT) regarding the manner in which they implement the policy on mandatory school uniform in Swaziland schools. The main question guiding the study was: To what extent is the learners’ right to human dignity protected when teachers enforce the wearing of compulsory school uniforms in Swaziland schools? A qualitative case study approach was employed with empirical data collected using interviews with the SMT members of three schools in the Manzini and Lubombo regions of the Kingdom of Swaziland, as well as an analysis of each of the school official documents. The interviews and the analysis of the documents were aimed at determining the compliance of each school‘s strategy with the Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland, and all international conventions regarding the protection of children’s right to human dignity in schools. Data was analysed in accordance with acceptable procedures for processing the qualitative data. The researcher’s conclusion based on the data gathered and from the body of literature consulted, presented evidence that suggests that the rights of learners to human dignity is not well-protected in the three schools that participated in the study. Poor learners continue to suffer the humiliation of being undressed of clothing such as jerseys that they wear to school because it is not the prescribed school uniform and is unacceptable. Some suffer corporal punishment because their parents cannot afford to buy them the full prescribed school uniform. Poverty remains a serious challenge to implementing the mandatory school uniform policy. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / tm2015 / Education Management and Policy Studies / MEd / Unrestricted

Thesis advisor: Daniel J. Daily / Thesis advisor: James Keenan / Thesis (STL) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. School of Theology and Ministry. / Discipline: Sacred Theology.

This thesis examines what effect the economic discourse in EU migration policy might have on the view of migrants’ human rights in the European public opinion. The study is carried out as a qualitative content analysis of two central EU migration policy documents: The Global Approach to Migration and Mobility (2011), and A European Agenda on Migration (2015). The objective of the analysis is to determine whether the economic discourse have a dominant position in the documents and how this might affect the rights of the most vulnerable migrants. The analysis is based on a deductive approach in which existing theory have been analysed to identify key concepts upon which predetermined discourses have been decided and analysed in the documents. The analysis establishes that the economic discourse has a dominant position in the two documents, and that human rights are conditional. The analysis shows that migrants are stripped of their basic human rights due to the fact that they are not members of a community. The conclusion of the analysis is that human dignity is dependent upon your skills, competences and economic capital. It is expressed through the lack of political will to propose initiatives aimed at the most vulnerable migrants. The EU and is Member States are proposing stronger actions when it comes to attracting third country nationals to the EU that might contribute to economic growth.

This integrating essay is based on an Aristotelian-Thomism in exploring ethical decisionmaking and corporate governance mechanisms to address issues of corporate deviant behaviour, and ultimately, human flourishing. Eight (8) peer-reviewed journal articles analyse the causes of moral failings of corporate governance and ethical decision-making mechanisms, and propose to address these ethical deficits: (1) Virtue Theory as a Dynamic Theory of Business proposes a meta-theory of business that links the concepts of virtues, the common good, and the dynamic economy, (2) A Communitarian Model of Business: A Natural Law Perspective offers a communitarian view of business in defining the business organisation as one that incorporates its social purpose that acknowledges the primacy of people over profits, (3) Corporate Governance: An Ethical Perspective makes the distinction between ethical and legal compliance approaches to corporate governance in arguing the necessity and importance of the former approach as a basis for an effective legal compliance culture, (4) Striking a Balance between Rules and Principles-Based Approaches for Effective Governance: A Risks-Based Approach highlights the drawbacks of an excessively heavy reliance on rules-based approaches to corporate governance, (5) Ethical Decision-Making: A Case for the Triple Font Theory offers a comprehensive, systematic, practical approach to ethical decisionmaking that attempts to integrate virtue ethics into act-oriented normative ethical theories, (6) Reconciling Situational Social Psychology with Virtue Ethics attempts to reconcile the virtue ethicssituational social psychology debate, (7) Slippery when Wet: The Real Risk in Business identifies factors that contribute to corporate deviant behaviour from both an individual and organisational perspectives, and (8) An Aristotelian-Thomistic Approach to Management Practice argues that an Aristotelian-Thomistic humanism better promotes human dignity as it corrects the dysfunctional aspects and ethical deficits than its utilitarian naturalistic humanism counterpart. The failure to integrate an Aristotelian-Thomistic understanding of the virtues and natural law ethical principles of subsidiarity, solidarity, human dignity, and the common good into business practice threatens the stability and survival of the firm since they are required to correct the dysfunctional aspects and ethical deficits of certain aspects of market behaviour.

Tragédie humaine et crime que l'on préfère croire d'un autre temps, l'esclavage n'a jamais été aussi prospère que depuis la proclamation officielle de son abolition. Dès lors, son éradication se heurte à un manque flagrant de juridictionnalisation et à l'absence de mise en oeuvre de politiques publiques concrètes. Dans le même temps, l'intervention vigoureuse des forces de l'ordre est entravée, ce qui permet aux trafiquants de jouir d'une relative impunité. De prime abord, il peut paraître simple de définir ce qu'est l'esclavage tant la notion semble entendue et le sujet d'actualité. Mais au-delà de cette image d'Epinal véhiculée par la traite transatlantique négrière, l'esclavage perdure et ses avatars modernes se superposent à ses formes anciennes. La nature transnationale de ce crime, l'anonymat de ces auteurs facilité par l'évolution des technologies et la difficulté d'en identifier ses victimes amènent à se demander si la sphère internationale n'est finalement pas la plus à même de lutter contre les pratiques esclavagistes. De plus, faire respecter l'interdiction des pratiques esclavagistes passe aujourd'hui par une approche multidisciplinaire du phénomène qui doit être réalisée à l'échelle internationale de manière à saisir pleinement l'envergure de ce qu'est réellement l'esclavage, mais implique toutefois une coopération des Etats. En effet, bien plus qu'une simple problématique juridique, fut-elle d'envergure internationale, la lutte contre l'esclavage contemporain implique également une prise de conscience de la sphère politique et un engagement de la société civile sans lesquelles aucunes mesures ne pourraient être efficacement appliquées. / Human tragedy and crime that we prefer to think of another time, slavery has never been so prosperous since the official announcement of its abolition. Therefore, its eradication is facing a serious lack of jurisdictionalisation and a lack of enforcement of specific public policies. At the same time, the vigorous intervention of the authorities is obstructed that which allow a relative impunity to the traffickers.Prima facie it may seem easy to define slavery as the concept seems to heard and the current topic. But beyond this idyllic picture conveyed by the transatlantic slave trade, slavery persists and its modern avatars overlap with its ancient forms. The transnational nature of this crime, the anonymity of the authors facilitated by technological developments and the difficulty of identifying his victims, lead us to wonder if the international sphere is not actually the best able to fight against slavery. Furthermore, enforcing the prohibition of slavery going on today by a multidisciplinary approach to the phenomenon which must be done internationally in order to fully grasp the scale of what slavery really is, but involves, however, cooperation of States. Indeed more than a simple legal question, even with an international scope, the fight against contemporary slavery also involves an awareness of the political sphere and a commitment of the civil society without which no measures could be effectively applied.

The diploma thesis is concerned with the comparison of the Czech and English criminal legal system with emphasis on the sexual offences. The thesis attempts to find the solutions de lege ferenda for the application in the legal system of the Czech Republic. In addition to the critical approach to the chosen issues, the diploma thesis also statistically analyzes the occurrence of the sexual offences. The diploma thesis is composed of ten chapters; the conclusion is comprised in the eleventh chapter. The introductory chapter documents the different types of legal systems in which the compared countries are categorized. The basic aspects of both the Anglo-American and the continental legal system are explored. The second chapter outlines the sexual offences and offers their classification. The third chapter closes the introduction of the thesis and focuses on general matters related to the sexual offences. The introductory chapters serve as a terminological basis for the whole thesis. The following chapters characterise the particular sexual offences and challenge the legal provisions governing these offences. The composition of the thesis is designed to correspond with the system of the sexual offences against human dignity as they are covered by the Czech Criminal Code. The English sexual offences...

The aim of this thesis is to cover the issue of human dignity and the values of human life of a patient in the intensive care unit. The goal is achieved through a quantitative research, using the data collection technique through questionnaires. The purpose of the research was to determine what areas of human dignity do the patients find hard or problematic. A standardized questionnaire was used for this purpose. Based on theoretical knowledge, a questionnaire of its own design was compiled for the nurses' research group. It focused on the nurses' perception of a patient's dignity and also the value of his or her life during hospitalization in the intensive care unit. This information was quite difficult to determine, which is primarily due to the fact that it deals with topics and opinions which are philosophical, individual and perhaps even personal. The research found that the patients feel a problem only in certain areas that we had investigated in a standardized questionnaire. The patients' evaluation revealed that they do not feel most issues as too much of a problem. The nurses' research group found that the dignity of a patient and the value of his or her life mean something completely individual to each nurse. However, a large number of the nurses said that a patient's dignity is an important aspect, and the value of a patient's life in the intensive care unit is high or even priceless. This thesis could bring the nurses, who work in intensive care units, an incentive to think about the dignity of a patient, the high and untouchable value of his or her life and, last but not least, the individuality of each human being.

[pt] Tendo como fundamento a Constituição brasileira e como foco o direito fundamental, a responsabilidade, a teoria de sistema de regras e princípio, e como fato inegável a constante evolução do uso da Constituição, assim como o somatório de suas partes na tentativa de melhor explorar o campo jurídico, este trabalho terá como base sólida a nítida evolução humana. Entretanto, seria irresponsabilidade não citar que tais sistemas e suas conseqüências suscitam enormes questionamentos e controvérsias, mormente no âmbito judicial e do comportamento humano/ciências psíquicas e direito. De fato, tal evolução funcional envolve todas as culturas e suas pessoas, assim como a própria evolução mundial, facilitando o convívio humano dentro das normas que regem o contexto social, mas, ao mesmo tempo, tanto coibindo como exacerbando o individualismo. Conseqüentemente as pessoas vinculadas ou submetidas a essas normas podem sofrer alguma forma de dano que será compreendido e julgado de acordo com a interpretação das regras e princípios constitucionais, diante do fato em questão e das pessoas envolvidas. Neste ínterim, o presente estudo analisa, em linhas gerais, o efeito da evolução no uso da Constituição e tentativa de somatório da responsabilidade, das regras e princípios da Constituição e suas interpretações diante do comportamento humano no meio social e individual, a estruturação do direito nessas condições e o amparo jurídico para a situação descrita. / [en] On the basis of the Brazilian Constitution, and focusing on fundamental rights, on liability, on the rules and principles system theory, while considering the undeniable fact of the constant evolution of the use of the Constitution, as well as the sum of its parts in an attempt to better explore the legal field, this thesis will have as its solid base the clear human evolution. However, it would be neglectful not to mention that such systems and its consequences provoke serious issues and controversies, especially in the judicial sphere and in the fields of psycho-social behavior sciences and law. Indeed, such functional evolution involves all cultures and peoples, as well as world evolution itself, on the one hand facilitating human coexistence in accordance with norms that regulate the social context, but on the other hand, at the same time restraining and exacerbating individualism. Consequently, people bound or subject to said norms may suffer some kind of loss or damage that will be understood and judged according to the interpretation of the constitutional rules and principles, as applied to the fact at issue and the individuals involved. In this context, the present study analyzes, in general lines, the effect of the evolution in the use of the Constitution and the attempt to sum liability, rules and principles of the Constitution and its interpretations as applied to human behavior in the individual and social environments, as well as the structuring of law in these conditions and the legal support for the described situation.

A questão dos direitos humanos sempre teve como principal embasamento a noção de pessoa humana e sua dignidade. Corolário lógico dessa acepção é a formalização de tais direitos como previsões obrigatórias a todas as Constituições, de forma a garantir a limitação do poder do Estado e o pleno desenvolvimento da personalidade humana. Daí a noção de direitos fundamentais. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a questão do direito fundamental à Previdência Social no Brasil sob o prisma de sua importância como direito humano, e consequentemente, direito fundamental, e à luz do princípio da proibição do retrocesso social. Suporta-se na necessidade de observância dos princípios humanistas para uma efetiva e eficiente proteção dos direitos sociais no Brasil, sem os quais se deflagra retrocesso social. Tem sua relevância baseada em uma temática constantemente atualizada, consequência das várias mudanças enfrentadas pelo sistema de proteção social no Brasil, em especial o previdenciário, atualmente conduzidas muitas vezes sem qualquer preocupação do princípio basilar da dignidade da pessoa humana. Este trabalho é iniciado com a verificação da definição de direitos humanos e as questões a eles correlatas, tais como sua convolação em direitos fundamentais e a possibilidade de restrição ou limitação dos mesmos. Em seguida, é abordada a temática da proteção dos direitos humanos a partir da concepção de retrocesso social e o momento de sua efetivação, a partir da identificação do aspecto nuclear do direito a ser protegido. Na sequência, o direito fundamental à previdência social é avaliado desde sua percepção até sua fundamentação, em cada uma de suas nuances, sob os preceitos da proibição do retrocesso social. Por fim, à luz de tudo o quanto foi apurado, passa-se a uma análise concreta das hipóteses em que houve ameaça ou efetivação de retrocesso social na previdência social brasileira, bem como a possibilidade de sua permissão em determinadas situações, sem que isso se configure prejuízo à justiça social e à dignidade humana. / The issue of human rights has always had as its main foundation the notion of the human person and his dignity. A logical corollary of this interpretation is the formalization of such rights as mandatory provisions in all Constitutions, as a way to insure the limitation of the power of the State and the full development of the human personality. Thence the notion of fundamental rights. The objective of the present study is to analyze the issue of fundamental rights to Social Security in Brazil under the angle of its relevance as a human right, and consequently, a fundamental right, and in the light of the principle of prohibition of a social regression. This is supported by the need to observe humanist principles for an effective and efficient protection of social rights in Brazil, which, if not present, a social regression is triggered. It has its relevance based on a theme that is being constantly updated, which is a consequence of several changes confronted by the system for social protection in Brazil, especially the social security segment, handled sometimes without any concern for the cardinal principle of dignity of the human person nowadays. This work begins with the verification of the definition of human rights and the issues correlated to it, such as its conversion to fundamental rights and the possibility for their restriction or limitation. Afterwards, it is addressed the thematic for the protection of human rights based on the conception of social regression and the moment it becomes effective, based on the identification of the core aspect of the right to be protected. In the sequence, the fundamental right to social security is evaluated from its perception to its institution, in each one of its nuances, under the precepts of the prohibition of social regression. Finally, in the light of everything that has been assessed, begins a concrete analysis of the hypotheses where there was a threat to or a materialization of social regression at the Brazilian social security, as well as the possibility to allow it in particular situations, without any damage to social justice and to human dignity.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os variados aspectos que envolvem o serviço de atendimento domiciliário odontológico, especialmente aqueles relacionados à humanização da relação profissional-paciente, ao respeito à dignidade humana quando do exercício da profissão que não em ambiente hospitalar e, ainda, os aspectos éticos relacionados a esse tipo de atividade. Ressalte-se que a presente análise não se limita a explicitar as características do serviço de atendimento domiciliário odontológico, mas dedica-se, ainda, a refletir acerca de questões bioéticas que surgem quando do exercício dessa atividade. E vai um pouco mais além, na medida em que enfoca essas questões sob a óptica do modelo personalista de bioética, que adota como ponto de partida de reflexão o ser humano enquanto pessoa única em corpo e espírito, um ser considerado na sua totalidade, pois ao mesmo tempo em que somos tão diferentes uns dos outros, somos iguais nos nossos desejos e anseios mais primitivos: viver e ser feliz. / The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze some of the aspects related to the odontological homecare program, specially those related to humanization of the relations between doctor and his patients, the respect to human dignity principle when dealing with a patient in non-hospital place, such as his home, and, also, the ethics aspects related to this kind of job. It is also important to mention that this whole analysis is also dedicated to study and reflect about some important bioethics issues related to the odontological homecare program, always having in mind that every Human Being is unique, as a body, a spirit, and as a person, as thought by personalist bioethics. At the same time we, all human beings, are so different from each other, but also so similar especially concerning our most primitive desires and hopes: To live and to be happy.