This thesis investigates the trend of reusing the content of printed media in their on-line counterparts, based on several selected Czech national newspapers (Mladá fronta DNES, Lidové noviny, Právo) and their corresponding news servers (idnes.cz, lidovky.cz, novinky.cz) over the course of one constructed week in 2015. The theoretical section examines the interrelatedness of printed and on-line media, the impact of digitization on the transformation of the journalistic profession, and its influence on the content and recipients of media communications. The fundamental questions posed by this research are as follows: What percentage of the printed content is reused in the newspaper's corresponding on-line version and vice versa, and which of the selected media reuse the most content? The research operates with three initial hypotheses regarding the quantity and frequency of content conversion: printed journals reuse their content in on-line news servers at a rate of up to 5%, news servers reuse their content in printed journals at a rate of up to 10%, and the practice of shovelware is most frequently employed by the periodicals Mladá fronta DNES and Právo. The aim of the research is to reveal and interpret shovelware trends in the selected media and evaluate how this practice is perceived. The...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Cezar Silva dos Santos.pdf: 19307334 bytes, checksum: 55803adc3efa0c7ab4fe447b347a16fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-05 / This thesis examines the relationships between advertising and urban living in the city of Belem, in the period known historically as belle epoque, between the years 1870 and 1912. From the analysis of advertising campaigns, the study focus on the construction of historical representations of the city of Belem of Para, and the evolution of advertising activity in this period. Reflecting on the representations constructed by the look of propaganda and publicity about the city of Belem, conveyed in advertisements for newspapers, almanacs and commemorative albums of the time, sought help to systematize the history of advertising activity between the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century in the Paris of the Tropics . Call belle epoque Amazon depicts the euphoria and the triumph of bourgeois society of the time over a period of effervescence economic, material and technological, from the extraction and marketing of rubber, a fact that has generated a cultural climate, intellectual and artistic which translated into new ways of think and live the life of the city of Belem. This study discusses between the years 1870 and 1912 the role and importance of advertising in this context / Esta tese analisa as relações entre a publicidade e o viver urbano na cidade de Belém, no período conhecido historicamente como belle époque, entre os anos de 1870 e 1912. A partir da análise de peças publicitárias, o estudo tem como foco a construção histórica de representações sobre a cidade de Belém do Pará, e a evolução da atividade publicitária nesse período. Ao refletir sobre as representações construídas pelo olhar da propaganda e da publicidade sobre a cidade de Belém, veiculadas nas mensagens publicitárias de jornais, almanaques e álbuns comemorativos da época, busca contribuir para a sistematização da história da atividade publicitária entre o final do século XIX e início do século XX na Paris dos Trópicos . A chamada belle époque amazônica retrata a euforia e o triunfo da sociedade burguesa da época num período de efervescência econômica, material e tecnológica, proveniente da extração e comercialização da borracha; fato que gerou um clima cultural, intelectual e artístico, que se traduziu em novos modos de pensar e viver o cotidiano da cidade de Belém. Este estudo discute, entre os anos de 1870 e 1912, o papel e a importância da publicidade nesse contexto

Esta dissertação propõe-se a analisar a mídia impressa, enfocando as revistas Época e IstoÉ e sua cobertura sobre as eleições presidenciais de 2010 e de 2014 no Brasil, a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero. Buscou-se identificar como foram construídas as figuras políticas das candidatas Dilma Rousseff (PT), Marina Silva (PV e PSB) em relação ao candidato José Serra (PSDB) e Aécio Neves (PSDB) nesses pleitos. A hipótese levantada é que esses semanários promoveram uma representação diferenciada com base no gênero das candidatas/os à presidência da República, a partir de narrativas que reforçam a associação socialmente aceita do feminino com a esfera privada e do masculino com a esfera pública. Considerando que a política e a mídia são campos em constante interação, e que os fatos ocorridos em um terão repercussão no outro, entende-se a mídia como um ator central do jogo político contemporâneo. Em ambos os campos a participação das mulheres é assimétrica e diferenciada em relação aos homens. Deste modo, torna-se importante questionar como a mídia impressa contribui para a manutenção do cenário de baixa representação feminina na política institucional e quais narrativas são construídas sobre as mulheres que disputam importantes cargos eletivos. A abordagem dos 194 textos selecionados deu-se através do uso da técnica de análise de conteúdo e tendo como suporte a Teoria política feminista e seu debate em torno da díade esfera pública e esfera privada. A partir da análise empreendida conclui-se que em ambas as revistas investigadas a representação das candidatas Dilma e Marina foi diferenciada de seus concorrentes homens. O gênero foi um marcador importante na narrativa construída pela mídia impressa sobre as eleições presidenciais de 2010 e 2014, em que as candidatas têm seus corpos, personalidade e vida pessoal e afetiva mais exploradas nos textos jornalísticos do que seus concorrentes homens. Também foi constatada a reprodução e reforço de estereótipos socialmente associados às mulheres, bem como uma desqualificação sistemática da figura de Dilma Rousseff e uma interseção entre classe e gênero na representação de Marina Silva. / This dissertation aims to analyse print media, focusing on the magazines Época and IstoÉ and their reporting of the presidential elections of 2010 and 2014, from a gender perspective. The goal was to identify how the political figures of the candidates Dilma Rousseff (PT) and Marina Silva (PV and PSB) were constructed, in comparison to the candidates José Serra (PSDB) and Aécio Neves (PSDB) during the referred litigations. The hypothesis brought up is that these weekly publications promoted a distinct representation based on the gender of the presidency candidates, starting from the narratives that reinforce the socially accepted association of the feminine to the private sphere and the masculine to the public sphere. Considering that politics and the mass media are fields in constant interaction, that the events transpired in one will echo on the other, the mass media is understood to be a primal player in the contemporary political scenario. In both fields women’s participation is asymmetric and differentiated if compared to men. Thus, it’s relevant to question how the print media contributes to maintain the scenario of low feminine representation in institutional politics, as well as which narratives are constructed regarding women who compete for important elective positions. The approach of the 194 selected texts was made using the technique of content analysis, having as support the political feminist theory and it’s debate on the dyade public sphere/private sphere. Through the performed analysis it was made clear that in both magazines investigated the representation of the candidates Dilma and Marina was essentially different than that of their male competitors. Gender was a relevant topic in the narrative constructed by the print media regarding the presidential elections of 2010 and 2014, in which the feminine candidates have their bodies, personality, as well as personal and affective lives more exploited in journalistic texts then their male competitors. It was also verified the reproduction and reinforcement of stereotypes socially associated to women, as well as a systematic disqualification of Dilma Rousseff’s figure and an intersection between class and gender in the representation of Marina Silva.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:17:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiane Villela Marroni.pdf: 13657319 bytes, checksum: 42b0739cb673f57bee9794f1759732b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Belle Époque was a period of political, economical, social and cultural changes. It begins in France by the end of the 19th century, informed by the ideals of the French Revolution. Change, progress and freedom were the central themes on a search after civility, in a modernity-discourse. Alterations in values and usages of the European bourgeoisie were quickly assimilated in Brazil, most if all in Rio de Janeiro. The southern town of Pelotas had straight ties to the imperial court in Rio for political and economical seasons and to Europe because of the frequent travels by the high class to the old continent. For this reason it ended up absorbing such values. Due to this circumstance a reformulation of the urban space took place modifying the way of life of a part of the population. This process can be traced in the print media of those times. It is for this reason and because of a considerable socio-cultural effervescence that this work aims to analyze the Pelotas way of life and its visibility through the local press. These were ideas of progress and civilization disclosed through the press and based on the Belle Époque. The object of the analysis is the magazine Illustração Pelotense , published between 1919 and 1925. This choice was made because of the range of coverage of the magazine which shows how much the readers were interested in it. Though the focus lies on Illustração Pelotense , an exploratory study was carried out on the local print media from the middle of the 19th century aiming to understand the transformation process of the town, which included the press. A world-view enounced through signs of an other one , in a euphoric period, in a discourse of modernity, in changes of societies` way of life. The press was the instrument that enlightened the town. As theoretical and methodological basis we used the theory of discursive semiotics, from the regimes of visibility of Eric Landowski (1992, 2002) and Ana Claudia de Oliveira (1997). The Belle Époque of Pelotas shows a quick assimilation of new elements in a town with roots in the countryside. In that period Pelotas transformed itself, adapting to the European style that was absorbed in Brazil. The town changed, the press changed. Ultimately, it changed in its own ways, in its way of life, in its identity, in the recreation of the European style, in a specific way brazilianed / A Belle Époque foi um período de mudanças políticas, econômicas e sócio-culturais. Teve origem na França, no final do século XIX, iluminada pelos ideais da Revolução Francesa e pela Revolução Industrial. Transformações, progresso e liberdade formam o tema central de um percurso em busca da civilidade, num discurso de modernidade. Mudanças nos valores e costumes da população burguesa européia foram logo assimiladas no Brasil, principalmente no Rio de Janeiro. Pelotas, que mantinha estreitos vínculos com a Corte Imperial por razões políticas e econômicas, e com a Europa em função das freqüentes viagens que a riqueza proporcionava a uma determinada classe, também assimilou estes valores. Em decorrência, teve início a reformulação do espaço urbano da cidade, modificando o modo de vida de uma parcela da população, o que se pode observar pela mídia impressa na época. Em razão disso e, por conseqüência, de uma considerável efervescência sócio-cultural, é que se propõe, neste trabalho, analisar o modo de vida da sociedade pelotense e sua visibilidade através da mídia impressa local. Idéias de progresso e civilização divulgadas pela imprensa e ancoradas em sua Belle Époque. Como objeto de análise, optou-se pela revista Illustração Pelotense , que se manteve em atividade entre os anos de 1919 e 1925. Justifica-se a escolha pela expressiva circulação de suas edições, o que demonstra o interesse de seus leitores. Embora o foco da análise seja a Illustração Pelotense , também se fez um estudo exploratório da mídia impressa em Pelotas a partir da metade do século XIX, com o objetivo de entender o processo de transformação da cidade, que atingiu, também, a imprensa. Uma visão de mundo que se enunciava com marcas de um outro , em um período eufórico, num discurso de modernidade, de mudanças no modo de vida da sociedade. A mídia impressa foi o instrumento que iluminou a cidade. Como base teórica e metodológica, utilizou-se a teoria da semiótica discursiva, a partir dos regimes de visibilidade apresentados por Eric Landowski (1992, 2002) e Ana Claudia de Oliveira (1997). A Belle Époque pelotense assinala uma rápida incorporação de elementos novos a uma cidade com raízes na atividade rural. Neste período, Pelotas se transformou, moldando-se ao estilo europeu que era absorvido no Brasil. Mudou a cidade, mudou a mídia impressa. Enfim, no seu modo de ser, no seu modo de vida, na sua identidade, a recriação do estilo europeu, de certa forma, abrasileirado

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:17:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Deodoro Jose Moreira.pdf: 3693547 bytes, checksum: e354e312b8fbadb0aed65f6dacc8169a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-15 / This research investigates the manners of construction of the Other Islamic in print of national circulation weekly magazines - Carta Capital, Época, IstoÉ e Veja - , taking as corpus reports transmitted in two different periods: September 12, 2001 to December 31, 2001, months that they mark the period understood among the day after to the air raids against the United States and the subsequent invasion of Afghanistan, that it happened in October of 2001, and March 1, 2003 to June 30, 2003, months that they include previous and subsequent periods to the invasion of Iraq, that felt in March of 2003. The diversity of discursive strategies is investigated and/or communicative used by the print media journalistic to build this event, redefines facts. Being considered that such strategies look for to "capture" the reader and to do with that he identifies, starting from the enunciation contract, with certain interpretations of the facts, becomes essential a discursive analysis of the text (verbal and non-verbal) to understand that roads are trodden to exercise that "attraction". Besides the theories of critical discourse analysis, we supported in the works philosophical/sociological of Laclau, Baudrillard and i ek, to build the conductive threads of this work. For analysis of the texts, we adopted the critical analysis of discourse, starting from Norman Fairclough. Already the theories of more philosophical stamp (in some cases to multidiscipline, as of Laclau, Baudrillard and i ek), they went fundamental to examine the context of the political point of view, to know, of the discursive formations in search of the hegemony and of totalization over the action, involving positioning and ideologies in global reality. In that way, it was possible to guide the research second a critical positioning in relation to the print media. The analysis was divided in six thematic axes. They are them: globalization, terrorism, widespread war, exception state, fundamentalism and hegemony / Esta pesquisa investiga os modos de construção do Outro islâmico em revistas semanais impressas de circulação nacional CartaCapital, Época, IstoÉ e Veja -, tendo como "corpus" reportagens veiculadas em dois períodos distintos: 12 de setembro de 2001 a 31 de dezembro de 2001, meses que marcam o período compreendido entre o dia seguinte aos ataques aéreos contra os Estados Unidos e a posterior invasão do Afeganistão, que ocorreu em outubro de 2001; e 1 de março de 2003 a 30 de junho de 2003, meses que englobam períodos anterior e posterior à invasão do Iraque, que se deu em março de 2003. Investiga-se a diversidade de estratégias discursivas e/ou comunicativas utilizadas pela mídia impressa jornalística para construir esse acontecimento, ressignificando os fatos. Considerando-se que tais estratégias buscam capturar o leitor e fazer com que ele se identifique, a partir do contrato de enunciação, com determinadas interpretações dos fatos, torna-se essencial uma análise discursiva do texto (verbal e não-verbal) para entender que caminhos são trilhados para exercer essa atração . Além das teorias de análise crítica do discurso, nos apoiamos nas obras filosóficas/sociológicas de Laclau, de Baudrillard e de i ek, para construir os fios condutores deste trabalho. Para a exame dos textos, adotamos a análise crítica de discurso, a partir de Norman Fairclough. Já as teorias de cunho mais filosófico (e em alguns casos multidisciplinares, como a de Laclau, de Baudrillard e de i ek), foram fundamentais para examinar o contexto do ponto de vista político, a saber, das formações discursivas em busca da hegemonia e de totalizações dirigidas à ação, envolvendo posicionamentos e ideologias globalizadas. Dessa forma, foi possível orientar a pesquisa segundo um posicionamento crítico em relação à mídia impressa. A análise foi dividida em seis eixos temáticos. São eles: globalização, terrorismo, guerra generalizada, estado de exceção, fundamentalismo e hegemonia

This thesis aims to assess potential environmental impacts of media and communication and to contribute to the development of methods for sustainability assessment. Although the main focus is on printed and electronic media products and environmental impacts, a broader sector analysis is also included and social aspects are discussed. The thesis provides a review of different environmental assessment tools in order to better understand their relationships and the appropriateness of different tools in different situations. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used to assess printed and electronic versions of newspapers, books and invoices. Results of the screening LCAs of newspapers and books indicate that when comparing printed and electronic versions there are benefits and drawbacks for both. For news and books read on e-reading devices with energy efficient e-ink screens, the main environmental impacts in the studies stemmed from the production of the device and partly from disposal, with the latter having the potential to reduce some environmental impacts through recycling of materials. However, there are data gaps regarding the production of the e-reading devices, most notably for the e-ink screen and the waste management of obsolete e-reading devices. Existing data on internet energy use are uncertain. The potential impacts from a hypothetical total change from paper invoices to electronic invoices in Sweden were assessed through a screening consequential LCA regarding greenhouse gas emissions and cumulative energy demand. The results indicate that emissions and energy demand could decrease as a result of a change. The screening LCAs performed indicate that users’ practices could substantially influence the environmental impacts. Key factors which can influence results and comparisons of printed and electronic media products are total use of electronic devices, total use of printed media, amount and type of paper, energy use of electronic devices, potential printing of electronic media, electricity mix, and the system boundaries set for the assessments. To get a wider perspective, a sector study of the ICT sector and media sector concerning global greenhouse gas emissions and operational electricity use was performed. It was estimated that the contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions in 2007 was roughly 1-2 % for each sector. To assess media and communication products from a sustainability perspective, social aspects should also be covered. The author participated in an international project group on social aspects and LCA, one outcome from which was guidelines for social LCA (S-LCA). In addition to providing guidance for S-LCA, another important role of the guidelines is to facilitate discussions, criticism and proposals for improvement and development of the methodology being developed. The LCA and sector studies in this thesis are limited to direct and to some extent indirect environmental impacts. Further studies of the environmental impacts of more long-term changes in practices and potential structural changes, as well as potential social impacts, could provide important additional insights. This could increase the possibility of facilitating sustainable practices related to ICT and media. / QC 20100610

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

The tourism industry in Sweden has expanded in recent years and the increasing industry has meant that customers are in need of a reseller for their trips abroad. Today there are three types of retailers available. These are : Traditional travel agencies , tour operators and online travel agencies. Online Travel agencies are the most modern online option for customers. Their existence has made it easier for the customer and reservation can be made anytime and anywhere. The competition has intensified between the three retailers and the traditional alternatives must find new ways to survive. Through effective marketing and selecting the right channel may be vital to the travel agency's survival. The theories that have been essentiell for this Investigation are: marketing mix, relationship marketing, porter curve, the buying process, the agent's role, word-of-mouth and marketing of services and products company. In this essay, the authors investigated four tour operators and one traditional travel agency and everyone is placed in Stockholm. The authors has choosed to investigate their market businesses and how the customer's requirements have changed since online travel agencies took over a large part of the market. The authors have also decided to conduct interviews with an online travel agency and one travel company that works with marketing for travel agencies. The tour operators in Stockholm mainly use relationship marketing as a primary strategy for maintaining a loyal relationship with the customer. The channels that travel companies utilize is a combination of word-of- mouth, digital media and printed media. All companies could state that the consumer in the current situation is more aware than before and this has led an increased requirement for travel agencies. Travel agents and tour operators must offer something unique or give the client an  xceptional service that they can not recieve in another place. Service in this case may involve travel on customers behalf, visa application, bookings for specific requests and helping to add travel insurance.

Cette thèse s’interroge sur l’intensité des débats, controverses et polémiques qui, en France, abordent la question de l’École, au moyen de l’étude du discours porté par la presse écrite généraliste entre 1959 et 2008, soit au cours du demi-siècle où se rencontrent la domination de ces débats par les enjeux liés à la démocratisation de l’enseignement du second degré et l’affirmation de la presse nationale d’information générale comme instance de prescription des débats intellectuels. Basé sur l’analyse statistique d’importants échantillons sélectionnés au sein d’un corpus de 8500 articles, ce travail s’attache à relier le contenu de ces textes aux réalités dont ils prétendent rendre compte, mettant en évidence les représentations qui sont élaborées et mobilisées. Dans le même temps, il examine les conditions de construction de l’information telle que la presse, dont les priorités et les méthodes évoluent, la façonne, et ce sur une matière scolaire dont la charge identitaire et les mutations à l’œuvre affectent de façon différenciée les catégories variées d’acteurs que les journaux font se rencontrer. / This thesis questions the intensity of the debates, controversies and polemics that revolve around the school question in France, by studying the speech developed in the general written press between 1959 and 2008, i.e. during the five decades when the domination of the stakes linked to the democratization of second-degree schooling and the affirmation of national general press as a framing authority of the intellectual debates meet. Based on the statistic analysis of important samples of a corpus of 8500 articles, this work seeks to link the content of these texts to the realities they claim to reflect, putting in relief the representations they contribute to work out and to mobilize. At the same time, it reviews the conditions of the treatment of information as shaped by the press – whose priorities and methods evolve – on a school matter with its specific identity stakes and current changes that affect in different ways the various categories of actors expressing themselves in newspapers.

The study aimed to determine the marketing communication methods used by Namibian clothing and textile SMEs operating from Katutura and Khomasdal Incubation Centres. A quantitative methodological approach was followed in this study. The sample comprised 45 SMEs with business operations at Katutura and Khomasdal Incubation Centres. A simple random sampling method was selected as the researcher made use of an SME name list provided by the City of Windhoek. A structured questionnaire was used to collect research data. Cross tabulations, correlations and descriptive analyses were used to analyse the research results. The research indicated that the top five most regularly used marketing communication methods are direct sales, „word-of-mouth‟, point-of-sale materials, networking, and newspaper advertisement. The least regularly used marketing communication methods are YouTube, television, direct mail, press releases and coupons/vouchers. Networking was the second most important and effective marketing communication method. Trade shows was the third most-preferred marketing communication method and the reasons advanced were „it gives me the opportunity to talk to and interact with my customers‟. It is recommended that the City of Windhoek should create incentives for current SMEs operating from Katutura and Khomasdal Incubation Centre to leave the incubation centre for new upcoming SMEs. Further research is necessary to establish the reasons why SMEs do not grow as expected and graduate from the incubation centres. Further research is also necessary to determine challenges faced by Namibian SMEs when considering which marketing communication methods to use. The conducted research recommends that different media houses be approached to design and determine special marketing packages for SMEs. Special SME development or advert sections can be negotiated with newspaper outlets. The major limitation of this study was that it was confined to clothing and textile manufacturing businesses. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)