Electronic government (e-government) has developed rapidly, the Mobile Government service (m-government) as one of the import branches play a significant role in recent years, and it would be also an effective way to satisfy Chinese rural citizen’s information needs. Our research question is how the m-government service satisfies Chinese rural citizen’s information needs. The investigation is conducted with questionnaires in a rural town where in Guangdong Province. We find that the most needed information perceived or expresses by rural citizen are closely related to their basic survival. There is a big potential to develop m-government service in rural areas since most of rural citizen haven’t paid attention on it. Last we put forward some suggestions for improving m-government services for Chinese rural citizen.

大專院校為因應少子化現象，因此積極招收境外學生，政府也逐步開放相關政策，使來台就學之境外學生人數逐年上升，讓校內境外生比率逐年成長。圖書館有服務讀者之使命，需理解不同讀者的需求及圖書館使用行為，讓圖書館在國際化的浪潮下，可以提供更好的資源與服務。 本研究之研究目的有五點：（一）探討本地與境外大學生之資訊需求。（二）探討本地與境外大學生之圖書館使用情形。（三）探討本地與境外大學生之學校圖書館滿意度看法。（四）探討大學生使用圖書館與滿意度的影響因素，以國藉、性別、年級、院別進行探討。（五）探討與比較境外生與本地生資訊需求、圖書館使用、滿意度的差異。 為獲得研究結果，本研究透過文獻分析具體建構出「圖書館使用」三構面19項指標及「使用滿意度」三構面24指標之調查問卷，做為調查大學生圖書館使用及使用滿意度的評鑑工具。本問卷對龍華科技大學日間部大學生實際發放問卷調查，獲得以下結論：（一）本地和境外生的資訊需求以課業及休閒為主。（二）本地生最多人使用圖書館空間，境外生則最多人使用圖書館館藏。（三）本地生最滿意圖書館服務，境外生最滿意圖書館空間。（四）國籍是影響圖書館使用及使用滿意度的重要因素。（五）境外大學生仍未全面使用過圖書館。（六）本地生對圖書館期望落差大於境外生。 針對所獲得的研究結果，本研究也提出幾點建議：（一）加強宣傳圖書館，提高大學生使用圖書館的頻率。（二）因應資訊化時代，電子出版興起，圖書館需提高學生電子資源使用率。（三）增加圖書館各項館藏資源新穎性與多元性，吸引讀者使用。（四）重視圖書館空間的各項指標，滿足本地及境外大學生的需求。（五）深入了解不同身分讀者之需求，提供差異化的資源與服務。（六）提升圖書館整體滿意度，增加大學生使用圖書館的意願與頻率。 / To cope with the phenomenon of low birthrate, universities actively recruit overseas students. The government also implements some relevant policies to increase the number of overseas student in Taiwan every year. With the mission of providing best resources and services to the users, the library should fulfill the needs of different users with different using behaviors under the tide of globalization. Purpose of this study has five points: The first is to investigate the information needs of local and overseas college students. The second is to investigate the library use of local and overseas college students.The third is to investigate the library use satisfaction of local and overseas college students. The fourth is to explore the influencing factors of library usage and satisfaction of college students based on nationality, gender, grade and institution. The fifth is to explore and compare the information needs, library usage, and satisfaction between overseas students and local students. To get the research results, a survey questionnarire has formed based on the methodology of literary analysis to evaluate local and overseas college students concerning library use, satisfation and importance. This questionnaire contains "library use" three facets of 19 indicators and "satisfaction" three facets of 24 indicators as an evaluation tool for the investigation of college students ' library use and satisfaction evaluation tool. The surveys are sent to Longhua University of Science and Technology students. Results are as shown below. A. Local and overseas information needs to focus on school work and leisure. B. The largest portion of local students use the library space, and the largest portion of overseas students use the library collection. C. Most of local students most satisfied with the library services, overseas students most satisfied with the library space. D. Nationality is an important factor influencing library use and satisfaction. E. Overseas students have not fully used the library collections, space and services. F. Local students are more dissatisfied library than the overseas students. According to the research results, this study also several suggestions: A. Intensify publicity on library collections and services, and increase the frequency of using the library. B. In response to the information age, the rise of electronic publishing, the library needs to improve students' electronic resource usage. C. Enhance the library collection novelty and diversity to attract readers to use. D. Focusing on indicators falling within the library space, meet the needs of both local and overseas college students. E. Understand the needs of different students and provide differentiated collections and services. F. To enhance the overall satisfaction of the library and increase the willingness and the frequency of library using rate.

Redes eletrônicas e necessidades informacionais, integradas para evidenciar comportamento de busca e uso da informação e compreender o papel dessa tecnologia no ambiente universitário, são os objetivos desta tese. Dividida em três partes, enfoca primeiro o plano metodológico. A seguir, dois estudos de revisão fundamentam o trabalho: (1) rastreando a evolução de redes eletrônicas internacional e nacionalmente para sistematizar a matéria; (2) evidenciando pontos tradicionais de estudos de necessidades de informação para alcançar aqueles centrados no usuário. Na terceira parte apresenta pesquisa peculiar, em ambiente da USP cujo Instituto de Física constitui o universo de observação. Por meio do correio eletrônico é perscrutada a conduta de busca e uso da informação de 87 usuários da rede local do IFUSP, no período outubro / novembro de 1994. A abordagem metodológica utilizada é adaptada do Sense-Making de Brenda Dervin, uma abordagem alternativa ou da percepção, que tem o usuário como objeto de pesquisa. Submetidos a três tipos de análise, os resultados obtidos assim se configuram: (a) utilização das redes: tempo de experiência, freqüência, propósitos, barreiras e dificuldades, treinamentos; (b) busca e uso de informação: contexto de uso, natureza e foco das necessidades de informação, estratégias empregadas para solucionar problemas, esforço dependido para localizar respostas as necessidades, expectativa de uso da informação, recursos informacionais utilizados, completeza e satisfação com as respostas obtidas e fontes efetivas de auxílio e (c) necessidades de informação não solucionadas: contexto de uso, natureza e foco das necessidades, expectativa de uso e estratégias para solução. Ponto significativo da pesquisa foi à categorização de usuários em 4 grupos, conforme as etapas gradativas do seu desempenho no uso das redes: fase 1 descobrindo a existência das redes eletrônicas e seus benefícios; fase 2 - já utilizando as três funções básicas da rede (correio eletrônico, ftp e telnet), porém de modo restrito, apenas usufruindo mais agilmente os recursos computacionais locais; fase 3 - buscas de solução a questões imediatistas, pontuais e de caráter variado; fase 4 - uso denotando experiência, segurança nas várias funções das RE. Dessa categorização e pelas VÍ solução a questões imediatistas, pontuais e de caráter variado; fase 4 - uso denotando experiência, segurança nas várias funções das RE. \"Dessa categorização e pelas freqüências observadas em cada fase, infere-se que as redes eletrônicas têm sido utilizadas mais como um instrumento de comunicação do que real fonte de informação. Similaridades nos procedimentos de busca e uso da informação entre os grupos estudados contribuíram também para delinear o perfil de necessidades informacionais de comunidade acadêmica que utiliza redes eletrônicas. Para otimizar o uso das RE, sugere-se o desenvolvimento de estudos específicos das necessidades dos usuários; serviços pertinentes a essas necessidades; programas de capacitação de profissionais intermediários entre serviços e usuários finais, de formação em serviços e treinamento de usuários. / Electronic Networks and Information Needs are integrated in order to search information seeking behavior of the academic community and to understand the impact of this technology in the university activities. Those are the issues of this dissertation, which is presented in 3 parts. First - the methodology. Second - review studies which contain the fundamentation of this work: (1) electronic networking evolution; and (b) traditional versus oriented approach to study the user needs. Third - information seeking behavior research of the electronic networking users at the Physics Institute of the University of São Paulo based in Brenda Dervin\'s Sense-Making Approach. The electronic mail was used in order to get information from 87 users of IFUSP local network. The results were submitted to three types of analysis: (a) use of the electronic network: amount of experience, frequency and purpose of use, barriers and difficulties, amount of training and context of use; (b) search and use of information: nature and entity focus, strategy used, amount of effort, resource used, user expectation and actual uses, completeness of the answers obtained, usefulness of the answers, sources that effectível y helped to find the information; (c) unsolved information needs: failure, analysis of user\'s problems when their information needs remained unsolved was performed. Users were classified in 4 groups, according their performance in networking: (1) those in discovering electronic networks benefits stage; (2) those using basic functions (email, ftp and telnet) but only locally; (3) those seeking for solutions or immediate issues; (4) expert users. From this characterization and due to the user\'s frequencies in each of these stages, an inference of IFUSP net is done: most users are just at the communication stage, not using networks as an information source. Similarities in the information seeking behavior of those IFUSPnet users contribute to outline the community user needs characterization. As suggestions in order to improve the electronic networks use, it should develop specific studies of user needs, offer users competence program and professional in service training.

This research explored the information needs of patient families and hospital staff at a pediatric hospital system in Dallas, Texas. Library statistics recorded in four hospital libraries from 2011 - 2013 were used to analyze the information requests from patient families and hospital staff. Crosstabulations revealed the extent to which patient families and hospital staff used the libraries to satisfy their information needs. The data showed that patient families used the libraries very differently than hospital staff. Chi-square tests for independence were performed to identify the relationships between the Classification (Patient Family, Hospital Staff) and two descriptors of information needs (Request Type, Resources Used). There were a total of 1,406 information requests analyzed. The data showed that patient families and hospital staff information requests differed greatly in the number of information requests, the type of information requested, the resources used and the time the library staff spent on the requests. Chi-square analyses revealed relationships statistically significant at the p < .05 level; however, the strength of the relationships varied.

The aim of this thesis is an analysis of activities of the Parliamentary Institute (PI) which serves as an expert base for the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The Parliamentary Institute resolves the tasks of scientific, informative and educational nature for the Chamber of Deputies as well as the Senate. The PI originated from an initiative of deputies who lacked apolitical and unbiased information of a professional nature in the early 1990s. Nevertheless, the need for objective information persists to this day. The importance of the PI thus lies primarily in the fact that it enables legislators to create good quality laws and control the executive by providing them with the specific unbiased information. The text focuses on the establishment, development, structure, functions and outputs of the institute.

Cochlear implantation is a proven and accepted option for young children with profound hearing loss. Cochlear implantation requires a professional team which should inform, guide, support and collaborate with parents constantly throughout the process. Existing programs for children with hearing loss and their families are generally designed on the basis of what experts believe they should contain, rather than on what parents actually wish to receive, which may often lead to a mismatch between the professionals view and the parents’ views of parental needs. In order to ensure that parental needs are appropriately addressed it is imperative that professionals investigate and understand the individual needs and desires of the parents with whom they collaborate. This can be managed by carefully tailoring information to their individual needs and presenting information in an accessible format at the time it is most appropriate and digestible. The aim of this research study was to develop a pre-implantation tool to rate the individual support and information needs of parents of young cochlear implant candidates. Within the context of applied research, a qualitative descriptive intervention research design was used in the study. Ten parents of children with cochlear implants participated in a semi-structured interview to investigate their need for information and support during the pre-implantation phase of cochlear implantation. Their responses were analysed and compared to relevant literature in order to develop the pre-implantation rating tool for parents of cochlear implant candidates. The rating tool consists of ten areas for information and support. These areas are as follows: general, technical, surgery, social support, financial, communication options, education, outcomes, rehabilitation and parental role. Parents are able to rate which areas of information and support is important to them and what they would like to discuss with the professional involved. Parents are also encouraged to identify any area of information and support that is not included in the rating tool that they would want information on from the cochlear implant team. This rating tool was evaluated by eight speech-language pathologist/audiologist working in six cochlear implant programmes in South Africa to determine the value of the rating tool. Positive responses were given about the adaptability of the tool to identify individual needs for support and information and the tool would be useful to guide speech-language pathologist/audiologists to identify needs of parents that should initially be addressed. Respondents agreed that the rating tool provides an opportunity to express parent’s individual needs for information and support; that the tool correlates with a family centered approach and would be useful to include in cochlear implant programs. The majority of participants felt the rating tool possibly will be effective in identifying information and support needs of parents before cochlear implantation and respondents would be willing to implement the rating tool in their cochlear implant programme. The positive response from professionals working in the field of cochlear implantation validates the effectiveness of the rating tool. AFRIKAANS : Kogleêre inplantering is ‘n beproefde en aanvaarde opsie vir jong kinders met ‘n uitermatige gehoorverlies. Kogleêre inplanting vereis dat ‘n professionele span ouers deur die proses inlig, lei en ondersteun. Huidige programme vir kinders met gehoorverlies en hulle gesinne, is oor die algemeen gebaseer op grond van inligting wat volgens kundiges belangrik is om in te sluit. Hierdie programme is nie noodwendig gebaseer op inligting ouers graag wil ontvang nie. Dit kan lei tot ‘n verskil tussen die perspektief van professionele persone teenoor die van die ouer oor ouer- behoeftes aan inligting. Om te verseker dat ouers se behoeftes effektief aangespreek word, is dit noodsaaklik om dit te ondersoek en die individuele behoeftes van ouers te verstaan. Dit kan gedoen word deur inligting aan te pas volgens die individuele behoeftes van ouers en die inligting te verskaf in ‘n toeganklike wyse op ‘n gepaste tyd wanneer dit geskik is en die ouer die inligting kan prosesseer. Die doel van hierdie navorsing studie was om ‘n pre-inplantering instrument te ontwikkel om die individuele behoeftes aan inligting en ondersteuning van ouers van jong kogleêre inplantings kandidate te bepaal. Binne die konteks van toegepaste navorsing is ‘n kwalitatiewe beskrywings intervensie navorsingsontwerp gebruik. Tien ouers van kinders met kogleêre inplantings het deelgeneem aan ‘n semi-gestruktureerde onderhoud. Die onderhoud het ouers se behoefte aan inligting en ondersteuning tydens die pre-inplanterings fase van kogleêre inplantasie ondersoek. Die resultate is geanaliseer en vergelyk met relevante literatuur om sodoende die pre-inplantering bepaling instrument vir ouers van kogleêre kandidate te ontwerp. Die instrument bestaan uit tien areas van inligting en ondersteuning. Hierdie areas is as volg: algemeen, tegnies, chirurgie, sosiale ondersteuning, finansieel, kommunikasie opsies, onderrig, rehabilitasie en ouer rol. Ouers kan bepaal watter areas van inligting en ondersteuning vir hulle belangrik is en wat hulle graag wil bespreek met die professionele persone betrokke by die kogleêre inplanting proses. Ouers word ook aangemoedig om enige area van inligting en ondersteuning te identifiseer wat moontlik nie ingesluit is in die instrument nie, maar wat hulle graag met die kogleêre span wil bespreek. Agt spraak-taal patoloë/oudioloë van ses kogleêre inplantings programme in Suid-Afrika het die instrument geëvalueer om die waarde daarvan te bepaal. Positiewe insette is gegee oor die aanpasbaarheid van die instrument om die individuele behoeftes vir inligting en ondersteuning te bepaal; dat die instrument betekenisvol is om die spraak-taal patoloog/oudioloog te lei om die behoeftes van ouers te identifiseer en aan te spreek; dat die instrument ooreenstem met ‘n familie- gesentreede benadering en dat die instrument effektief ingesluit kan word in kogleêre inplantings programme. Die meeste deelnemers het aangedui dat die instrument effektief sal wees in die identifisering van inligting en ondersteunings behoeftes van ouers voor ‘n kogleêre inplanting. Deelnemers het aangedui dat hulle bereid sal wees om die instrument te implementeer in hulle kogleêre inplantingsprogram. Die positiewe respons van spraak-taal patoloë en oudioloë dui op die geldigheid en effektiwiteit van die instrument. / Dissertation (MCommunication Pathology)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / unrestricted

Stockholm Gas AB säljer i huvudsak två olika produkter. Den ena är stadsgas och den andra är fordonsgas. Båda produkterna skall på sikt i huvudsak ha biogas som råvara. I dagsläget är det dock så att stadsgasen till största delen består av naturgas blandad med luft.Stockholm Gas AB har genomgått stora förändringar och står inför nya. År 2011 togs ett stort steg i Stockholm Gas klimat- och miljöriktiga utveckling. Den tidigare stadsgasen baserad på lättbensin ersattes med en stadsgaskvalité bestående av naturgas och/eller biogas blandad med luft. Utöver denna förändring har Stockholm Gas också utvecklat sin roll som leverantör av biogas som fordonsbränsle. Nya rörnät för leverans av biogas är under uppbyggnad för att knyta ihop biogasens produktionsplatser med olika tankställen. Genom att Stockholm Gas AB är ett relativt ungt företag i kombination med de stora förändringar som nämns ovan anser sig Stockholm Gas AB ha ett behov av att utveckla sin kommunikation gentemot sina kunder. Denna studie är ett led i utvecklingen av kommunikationen.Studiens övergripande syfte är att ge Stockholm Gas AB ett underlag för att utveckla och förbättra sin kommunikation med sina olika kundsegment vad det gäller såväl informationskanaler som informationsinnehåll rörande Stockholm Gas AB:s båda produkter samt råvaran biogas. Strävan är att rapporten skall kunna fungera som ett underlag och en vägledning för Stockholm Gas AB vid framtagande av informationsmaterial rörande sina båda produkter och råvaran biogas, samt hjälpa Stockholm Gas AB:s marknadsavdelning att bättre kunna kommunicera med Stockholm Gas AB:s kunder. Det centrala i studien är att ta reda på vilken typ av information som Stockholm Gas AB:s kunder är intresserade av och vilka informationskanaler som föredras och jämföra detta med de uppfattningar som de anställda på Stockholm Gas AB har. Kunderna har i studien delats in i fyra segment. Dessa segment är fordonsgasstorkunder (främst taxibolag), fordonsgasprivatkunder, stadsgasstorkunder (främst krögare) och stadsgasprivatkunder. Studien utfördes genom att kvalitativa intervjuer har genomförts med anställda på Stockholm Gas AB och med vart och ett av kundsegmenten. Intervjusvaren på varje fråga har kategoriserats och utifrån detta har slutsatser dragits och ett resultat utformats. Ett resultat presenteras för vart och ett av kundsegmenten i form av venndiagram samt i en mer diskuterande resultatdel. / Stockholm Gas AB sells essentially two different products. One is the town gas and the other vehicle gas. Both products will eventually have substantially the biogas as a feedstock. In the current situation though, the city gas consists mainly of natural gas mixed with air. Stockholm Gas AB has undergone major changes and facing new ones. The year 2011 marked a major step in Stockholm Gas climate and environmentally friendly development. The former town gas is based on light petroleum was replaced with a town gas quality consisting of natural gas and / or biogas is mixed with air. In addition to this change, the Stockholm Gas also developed its role as a supplier of biogas as vehicle fuel. New mains for the supply of biogas are under construction to link up biogas production locations with different filling stations. Stockholm Gas AB being a relatively young company, combined with the significant changes mentioned above, Stockholm Gas AB have a need to develop their communication to their customers. This study is a part of that development of communication. The study's overall purpose is to provide Stockholm Gas AB with a basis to develop and improve its communications with its various customer segments in terms of both information channels and the information contents regarding Stockholm Gas AB's both products and the raw material biogas. The aim is that the report should serve as a basis and a guide to Stockholm Gas AB in the preparation of information material relating to its products and raw material biogas, as well as helping Stockholm Gas AB's marketing department to better communicate with the Stockholm Gas AB's customers. Central to this study is to determine what type of information that Stockholm Gas AB's customers are interested in and their channels of choice, and compare this with the views of the staff at Stockholm Gas AB. The customers have in the study been divided into four segments. These segments are vehicle gas key accounts, (mainly taxi companies), vehicle gas private customers, town gas key accounts (primarily chefs) and town gas private customers. The study was conducted through qualitative interviews with employees at the Stockholm Gas AB, and with each of the customer segments. Interview responses to each question have been categorized and from this conclusions have been drawn and results been designed. A result is presented for each of the segments in the form of a Venn diagrams, and in a more deliberative part of the result.

Mgr. Lenka Němečková An analysis of research support in engineering with the emphasis on a university environment and based upon a survey of information behavior and information needs at the CTU in Prague and UCT Prague (dissertation thesis) Analýza informační podpory uživatelů z oblasti technických oborů a věd s důrazem na vysokoškolské prostředí a opírající se o výzkum informačního chování a informačních potřeb provedený na ČVUT v Praze a VŠCHT Praha (disertační práce) Abstract This thesis is focused on the analysis of researchers' information behavior and information needs in engineering in academia and in industry. It is aimed at identifying trends in research support by university libraries based on research of information behavior and information needs that has been conducted at the CTU in Prague and UCT Prague and by a brief insight into industrial environment. Initial parts of the thesis provide an overview of classification schemes in engineering. It also describes brief differences between university and industry environment with the aim at defining the differences in user information needs. It further provides brief summary of theories and models of information behavior and identifies differences between information needs of students and researchers concluding in defining research skills as basic...

The purpose of this study was to develop a consensus from a panel of experts composed of library deans/directors, reference librarians, and instructors with online teaching experience. The panel developed the methodology necessary for evaluating free sources of information on the Internet for inclusion in academic library holdings by the year 2010. The following areas were explored as they related to the forecast: 1) The changes in higher education institutions that will be necessary to prepare students to deal with free sources of information on the Internet; 2) The procedures that librarians need to develop and implement to ensure that free Internet materials will meet quality standards for inclusion in academic library holdings; and 3) The things that publishers of free sources of information on the Internet need to do to ensure that their materials will be considered for inclusion in academic library holdings. The Delphi panel was composed of 24 members: eight library deans/directors, eight reference librarians, and eight instructors with online teaching experience. The members of the panel were selected from the community colleges of the Tennessee Board of Regents System. In the first round of the study, panelists responded to 10 open-ended questions on an e-mail questionnaire dealing with free sources of information on the Internet. The narrative responses to the questions were specific and provided a basis on which to develop the Round 2 Questionnaire. In the second round of the Delphi study, panelists responded to 9 questions with 42 subparts. The results of this study may be used to project the information needs of students as well as suggest strategies for publishers on the basis of the data collected in this study. A major finding of the study was the need for reliable information in documents on the Internet. The Delphi panel also listed the lack of permanence of Internet sites as a major reason librarians do not use free sources of information on the Internet. The Delphi panel recommended that educators assist students in dealing with Internet materials by teaching them how to use critical thinking skills.

Introduction Digital databases and libraries have for the last 20 years become ubiquitous tools in the philological study of ancient texts. While these databases provide easy access to texts, critical information is often lacking. One example of that is information regarding conjectures and conjectural emendations in the texts. A number of projects in recent years have aimed to collect conjectures in a digital format and present them online, but none have so far been aimed at Ancient Greek philology. To further develop this area of research it is the aim of this thesis to illustrate how conjectures on Ancient Greek literature can be collected and presented in a digital context to fulfil the information needs of philologists. Method Semi structured interviews were conducted with philologists at Uppsala University, University of Oslo and Oxford University. The interviews were tape recorded and the transcripts of the interviews formed the data for analysis. Analysis Qualitative analyses were carried out on the data. To analyse the information needs of the philologists, theoretical approaches found in hermeneutics and information scientific research on the interaction of library professionals and philologists were used. Results It was found that the information needs of philologists varied depending on their professional orientations, e.g. if they were focused on textual criticism, reception studies, ancient or medieval philology. In the interviews it became clear that the use of digital tools varied somewhat between the philologists. The interviews also showed that there are a number of active projects aimed at producing digital critical editions. University and other research libraries are generally where information on proposed conjectures can be found. Conclusion Generally the philologists expressed a need for easier access to the reasonings behind conjectures. Searching for such information is time consuming because it has not been recorded with the same scholarly rigor as other kinds of information. The establishment and online publication of bibliographic records is a first step to amend this need. Current open-source projects aimed at producing digital critical editions can form the basis for further developments in the field. Since research libraries are where information on conjectures can be found, they play an important role in making this information accessible. Further interaction between philology scholars and library professionals is encouraged in order to identify where information can be found and how it can be digitized and made accessible. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information Science.