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Berättelser om hästar på behandlingshemVilemsons, Anne January 2008 (has links)
<p>This study examined constructions of horses and means staff working with horses parallel to therapy in institutional care ascribes to horses. A narrative method was used and the theoretical framework was social constructionism. A question was asked to the narratives: How can practice in institutional care be understood through these stories? The result showed different pictures of institutional care. Horses seem to provide a multi-faceted therapeutic tool. Through the horses staff could establish relations built on trust with their clients. The stable-environment and the horses provided healthy recreation and a social competence usable for clients in life. The constructions of horses also seemed related to the means ascribed to them in the daily life of the institution. So far there has been little research about animals in Swedish institutional care. If there are animals in institutions they probably fill some kind of function for social work and therefore the phenomena needs to be further examined. Especially as research claim economical and social benefits in using animals in human health care. Animals have been looked upon as trivial but the academic discipline dealing with relations between animals and humans, anthrozoology, has gained respect and is now considered serious.</p>
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Berättelser om hästar på behandlingshemVilemsons, Anne January 2008 (has links)
This study examined constructions of horses and means staff working with horses parallel to therapy in institutional care ascribes to horses. A narrative method was used and the theoretical framework was social constructionism. A question was asked to the narratives: How can practice in institutional care be understood through these stories? The result showed different pictures of institutional care. Horses seem to provide a multi-faceted therapeutic tool. Through the horses staff could establish relations built on trust with their clients. The stable-environment and the horses provided healthy recreation and a social competence usable for clients in life. The constructions of horses also seemed related to the means ascribed to them in the daily life of the institution. So far there has been little research about animals in Swedish institutional care. If there are animals in institutions they probably fill some kind of function for social work and therefore the phenomena needs to be further examined. Especially as research claim economical and social benefits in using animals in human health care. Animals have been looked upon as trivial but the academic discipline dealing with relations between animals and humans, anthrozoology, has gained respect and is now considered serious.
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Preventive Work Among Youth at Risk in Tegucigalpa - Subjective Experiences of Institutional CareSummerton, Rebecca, Grönevik, Paulina January 2011 (has links)
This study aims to explore how secondary prevention carried out at a Honduran institution for youth at risk is experienced by its professional workers and former residents. This qualitative research is based on ethnographic approaches conducted at Hogar de Niños Renacer, Tegucigalpa, which is a facility for institutional care of youth at risk. Renacer applies a holistic, multidimensional approach to preventive work by covering various dimensions of youth development such as needs for emotional care, education, and spiritual growth. All research participants claim that positive aspects of Renacer include the provision of such possibilities. The project is constantly developing and accommodates various areas in need of improvement such as acquiring sufficient, competent staff. The majority of individuals who have participated in Renacer‟s project are proven to establish a functioning adult life after leaving the institution.
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Participating leisure and recreational activities and depressive symptoms among Chinese elder people residing in institutionsChui, Kam-chor., 徐錦初. January 2006 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Mental Health / Master / Master of Social Sciences
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The self-concept of street children compared to that of placement children.Rapholo, Jabhile Grace January 1996 (has links)
There has been a lot of research highlighting the plight of street children throughout the
world in the past few years. A review of the literature on street children reveals that the
problem is worse in developing countries. The number of street children can be expected to
increase in South Africa as a result of rapid urbanisation and development. This will certainly
pose a problem for the government and other organisations concerned with the welfare of
street children.
In order to combat the proliferation of the number of children in the streets, concerned
parties need to know more about street children before intervention and effective policies can be designed.
This study was initiated to serve that purpose: to provide information on how street children perceive themselves. The information gathered and results of the study can
be used by service providers to design effective intervention programmes.
Twenty street children from the Pietermaritzburg central business district and the comparison
group of twenty children from a "place of safety" in Pietermaritzburg were interviewed and
assessed. Children from the "place of safety" were chosen as a comparison group because
their familial histories have many factors which are common to street children as well.
Assessment ofthe two groups of children entailed measuring the children's self-concepts by
using the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale. Human Figure Drawings were used to
identify signs and levels of emotional distress using the Koppitz Emotional Indicators
procedure. Furthermore, an unstructured interview was conducted with each child.
The data was analysed quantitatively using statistical sub-programs of the Statistical Package
for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The following statistical tests were computed: means to
measure central tendency, independent t-tests to determine the statistical significance of the
difference between the two groups' self-concept scores and emotional indicators. Quatro Pro
and Harvard Graphics software packages were used to analyse the data qualitatively and
present it graphically .
Statistical analyses of the results reveal no significant differences between the self-concept
of street children and that of the comparison group of placed children. Both groups' scores
on the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale are within the average range. This means
that street and placed children's perceptions of themselves, as measured by the Piers-Harris
Children's Self-Concept Scale, are similar to those of other children in the general population.
Signs and levels of emotional distress as measured by Koppitz' list of Emotional Indicators
are within the non-pathological range for both groups. This indicates that street and placed
children's levels of emotional distress are similar to those found in other children in the
normal population. It is therefore concluded that despite being exposed to hazardous
situations and having lived in deprived and abusive situations, street children do not display
significant levels of measured emotional distress. Street children are found not to be as
disturbed as previously assumed by journalists and fiction writers who tend to romanticise
or politicise their plight. Placed children, who also share some of the predicaments that street
children have endured in terms of turbulent childhoods, do not seem to show deficits in their
self-concepts and emotional functioning either.
Recommendations on how to plan intervention programmes for street children are also
offered. Moreover, the standardisation of the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale on
local populations is recommended. / Thesis (M.Soc.Sci.)-University of Natal, Pietermartizburg, 1996
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Pathways and barriers to inclusion : a case study of a girls' only school of industry in South Africa.Hortop, Mark. January 2001 (has links)
Since 1994 all education policy documents that have emerged in South Africa have stressed the principles of social justice and inclusion by foregrounding issues of equity, redress, quality education for all, equality of opportunity, and nondiscrimination. This study examined inclusionary and exclusionary attitudes and practices at a School of Industry for Girls in South Africa. The research was conducted in the qualitative research paradigm, and took the form of a small-scale ethnographic case study. The data collection techniques included observations and used observations, document analysis, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that learners experience various barriers to learning and participation that are clearly embedded in the ethos, curriculum and cultures of the school. Various discriminatory attitudes and practices play themselves out and reflect an intersection of racism, gender discrimination and ableism. The study points
towards the need for management and staff in collaboration with learners to
interrogate and work towards minimising these exclusionary attitudes and practices prevalent at the school. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2001.
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Girls on the Verge of Exploding? : Voices on Sexual Abuse, Agency and Sexuality at a Youth Detention HomeÖverlien, Carolina January 2004 (has links)
The present thesis investigates the dilemmas and difficulties the staff at a youth detention home encounter and struggle with when working with young women who are understood to be victims of sexual abuse. At the center of attention is talk about the problems of talking about sexual abuse and other difficult experiences. The overall aim in conducting the study was to open up an arena that has been neglected and little investigated - youth detention homes for girls and young women, by talking to staff and the young women at the detention homes, and talking about sexual abuse. Also in focus was the young women's own thinking about the body and sexuality. The findings are presented in five articles. The first article examines what discursive devices are employed when using the focus group method when talking to the young women in forced care. The study shows in what ways the focus groups is a fruitful method for studying marginalized young women and their views and thoughts about being young women today. The second article addressed the issue of how the staff form narratives of sexual abuse. Stories of sexual abuse were "power stories" as well as "work identity stories" and were considered to have the power to heal as well as the power to harm. The third article examines the process leading up to the definition of sexual abuse. The study is concerned with the process in which the staff members define whether or not a young woman has been a victim of sexual abuse. A determining factor was whether or not the act involved a person who was defined as a victim. A core issue was an evaluation of the credibility of the alleged abused girl and the degree of consent. The fourth article addresses the issue of how the staff and the young women at the detention home talk about sexuality. The article compares the different views of the staff and the young women and concludes that the staff talk about the young women as asexual children and as victims of sexual abuse, and the young women talk about themselves as having sexual agency. Finally, the fifth article shows how the young women talk abut childbearing and motherhood. The study shows that the issue of talking about sexual abuse and other difficult experiences is complex. The different views of how to talk about sexual abuse, whether to talk about sexual abuse, when to talk and to whom, as well as the question about whether there is a need to talk, makes the issue of talking about sexual abuse multi-layered and contradictory.
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Senior citizens, good practice and quality of life in residential care homesBland, Rosemary January 2006 (has links)
This thesis is an examination of the definition and implementation of ‘good practice’ in residential care for senior citizens. The central contention is that ‘good practice’ is a term that has been variously defined. Different groups define it in different ways, and their definitions have changed over time. This reflexive qualitative study explores ‘good practice’ in local authority, voluntary and private residential care homes in Scotland from the perspective of policy, practice and the experience of senior citizens who live in them. The study is based on analysis of policy documents, historical studies, and reanalysed interview and survey data from two earlier studies conducted by the author and colleagues. The thesis shows that the notion of ‘good practice’ that emerges in policy and practice documents is a confused and often conflicting set of ideas. Historically, the earliest were driven by concerns over cost. In more modern times, statements about ‘good practice’ have had a more benevolent intent but are frequently flawed by paternalistic and ageist assumptions. It is shown that staff in residential homes typically adopt a different set of attitudes: their preoccupation is with safety and the avoidance of risk. Although benevolent in intention, these interpretations of ‘good practice’ are also at variance with what residents themselves actually want. Two particular models or styles of care are examined in detail. One of these is the use of ‘keyworkers’, often implemented in ways that fail to realise its potential. The other is the ‘hotel’ model of care. The potential of this model as an alternative to the statutory model is explored. The thesis concludes that it is a model that can realise the goal of enabling residents to exercise independence, choice and privacy while meeting their needs in residential care.
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失能老人入住養護機構之過程─以生命歷程之敘說分析出發陳人瑜 Unknown Date (has links)
台灣面臨高齡化所帶來的問題日趨嚴重,就失能老人而言,家庭依然是老人最能接受的照顧方式,然而仍然有漸多的老人接受機構式照護。他們早年的生命經驗,如何影響晚年居住安排,最後又是何種因素使他們作出入住機構的決定;他們的感受為何亦是研究所關心的。
以此,本研究以質化研究的敘說分析進行,訪談了八位目前入住機構的失能老人,希望透過老人敘說自己過去的生命經驗,能深入探討他們早年累積的重要資源與晚年居住安排之關聯,並瞭解晚年居住的安排過程、最後入住機構的原因及入住後的適應狀況等。茲將結果摘述如下:
一、 早年生命歷程對晚年居住安排的影響
健康資源:這些老人早年是在物資缺乏的環境中成長,身體照顧極為忽視、受教育的機會亦不多,在先天條件不佳的情況下,他們沒有太多的機會為老年的生活提早進行規劃。
經濟資源:人力資本不足薪資所得偏低,使財富累積困難;而女性從事的無酬家務勞動、照顧者角色,更使女性居於經濟的弱勢地位。
家庭資源:養兒防老的觀念隨著時代改變、久病臥床等因素,越來越窒礙難行,子女數多不代表擁有的家庭資源多,親情依附、子女願意承擔照顧責任,才是老人真正擁有的資源。
二、 晚年居住安排的過程
老人晚年選擇居住安排的過程,符合「層級補償模式」,首先是配偶及子女、最後才是由正式的照顧服務提供,呈現一個有順序的過程。最末接受機構照護的原因因人而異,但就整體而論,老人的健康狀況與自我照顧程度,才是入住機構的主因。
三、 入住機構後的適應狀況
主動入住機構的失能老人,對機構的環境適應較佳,此與入住機構的意願、親情支持等,正向感受較多有關。被動入住的老人雖然心中不願,在缺乏掌控力的情況下,他們通常都認命地接受家人安排,但入住後較難以適應機構的生活。 / Past researches mostly focus on living arrangement of the healthy elders. Therefore, the study attends to emphasize on the relationship between housing and living arrangements of disabled elders and their life course. The samples include 8 elderly people (over 60 years old) living in the institution, and had difficulties performing in the ADL and IADL activities because of health or physical problems.
As a result of the research, the purpose of this qualitative research include: (1) to research the connection between disabled elders living in the institution and the process of their early life; (2) to understand the proceeding of living arrangement for the disabled elders; (3) to discuss their point of view and subject explanations on the institutional care; (4) on according to research finding, the effective suggestions will be proposed, and some of them may as well be put on practice.
The analysis in the content revealed the theme that emerged from narratives -- the health, family resources, especially economic factors in the early life will affect the later life in the way that diminishes choices and opportunities in arranging the elder’s living; the main reasons for the elders to be accepted into institutional care are their healthy status and their degrees of self-care; the elder who voluntarily move into the institution usually have better ability in adapting the passive ones.
Although several meaningful findings are recognized, some limitations are also identified. Practice suggests and future research orientations are discussed.
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Rozdíl v organizaci volnočasových aktivit v rámci dětského domova a dětského domova se školou / The difference in organising leisure activities within the children's home in Benešov and the children's home with school in Sedlec-Prčice from the perspective of children and young people who live there and also from the perspective of educatorsČUMPLOVÁ, Veronika January 2017 (has links)
This theses is focused on the difference in the organization of free time within the children's home and the children's home with school. In the theoretical part of this theses there is described institutional and protective care. There are also specified types of institutional care and facilities by Czech ministries. There are also explained the most common reasons for placement of children to institutional care and further specification of legislation and statistics of placing children to foster care. There is also explained the concept and importance of leisure in sections function of free time and in the views of leisure. The theoretical part is also focused on the personality of the educator. There are also described leisure places for free time in children's homes and children's homes with school. The last important point in the theoretical part is the chapter of significant differences in the work of the children's home and the children's home with school. In the practical part, there are compared two children's homes and two children's homes with school using interviews and case studies. The purpose of this theses was to find out what is the difference in the organization of leisure activities and hinterland for leisure activities within the children's home and the children's home with school from the perspective of children and young people who live there and also from the perspective of educators.
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