Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 112-115).

Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Effective management of spare parts inventory is essential to companies because it influences inventory costs and asset utilization. The vast and diverse portfolio of spare parts, intermittent demand patterns and contradicting objectives between departments are examples of some of the factors that complicate Spare Parts Management (SPM). Managers of spare parts are faced with trade-off decisions between risk and cost on a daily basis. These decisions include, amongst many, determining appropriate stock levels and order frequencies. Despite the importance of SPM, decisions are however often made intuitively in practice with little factual support, and the decision-making process is commonly constrained within departmental silos. Even though there is a large body of academic knowledge on this topic, practical applications of spare parts inventory solutions lag behind theoretical studies. The majority of studies in literature focus on single components of SPM, such as demand forecasting and parts classification, whereas fewer studies consider the decision-making process itself. This study proposes a decision-making framework for spare parts inventory management. The framework is based on a wide-ranging literature review that focuses on capturing the essence of Spare Parts Management (SPM), but also acknowledges the interconnectedness of the problem. Therefore, core inventory management principles, as well as closely related topics such as Supply Chain Management (SCM) and Physical Asset Management (PAM), are studied in the context of spare parts. The broad scope of the literature study leads to a holistic approach to the problem and prevents sub-optimization. The proposed framework condenses principles from various fields of study (SCM, PAM, Classification and Inventory Management) into a stepwise methodology presented as a decision-making framework. The objective of the framework is to provide managers with a structured process, based on factual information, to enable better decision-making in the field. Furthermore, the framework aims to capture the fundamentals of SPM in a simplistic manner to ease the adoption of the framework in practice. A case study is conducted in the South African mining industry to validate the framework. The case study demonstrates that the framework is practical, provides structured guidance, and assists managers to make trade-off decisions in managing spare parts inventory. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Effektiewe voorraadbestuur van onderdele is belangrik vir maatskappye omdat dit voorraadkoste en die benutting van bates beïnvloed. Die bestuur van onderdele is ’n komplekse probleem. Ondermeer is die portefeulje van onderdele items breed en divers, die vraagpatrone sporadies en word die voorraadvlakke geaffekteer deur kontrasterende doelwitte tussen verskillende departemente. Bestuurders van onderdele word daagliks gekonfronteer met besluite rakende risiko’s en kostes, soos om toepaslike voorraadvlakke te bepaal en om te besluit wanneer om bestellings te plaas. Hierdie besluite word dikwels intuïtief geneem met min feitelike ondersteuning en insette in die besluitnemingsproses word gereeld beperk tot sekere departemente. Ten spyte van die geweldige akademiese belang in die onderwerp, is daar min suksesvolle praktiese toepassings. Die meerderheid van studies in die literatuur fokus op spesifieke elemente van onderdele bestuur, soos vooruitskatting en klassifisering van parte, terwyl minder op die besluitnemingsproses konsentreer. Hierdie studie stel ’n besluitnemingsraamwerk vir die bestuur van onderdele voorraad voor. Die raamwerk is gegrond op ’n deeglike literatuurstudie wat die essensie van onderdele bestuur ondersoek, maar ook die interverbondenheid van die probleem in ag neem. Voorraadbestuurbeginsels en verwante onderwerpe soos Voorsieningskettingbestuur en Fisiese Batebestuur word dus bespreek. Die breë omvang van die literatuurstudie lei tot ’n holistiese benadering wat sub-optimering van die probleem voorkom. Die voorgestelde raamwerk som beginsels uit verskillende relevante studievelde op in ’n stapsgewyse metode wat voorgestel word as ’n besluitnemingsraamwerk. Die doel van die raamwerk is om bestuurders te voorsien met ’n gestruktureerde proses, gebaseer op feitelike inligting, om besluitneming in die veld te verbeter. Verder poog die raamwerk om die fundamentele konsepte in voorraadbestuur vas te vang in ’n eenvoudige manier sodat die raamwerk maklik geïmplementeer kan word in die praktyk. Die voorgestelde raamwerk is gevalideer deur middel van ’n gevallestudie in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynbedryf. Die gevallestudie toon dat die voorgestelde raamwerk prakties is, die besluitnemingsproses op ’n gestruktureerde wyse lei, en bestuurders help om beter, ingeligte besluite te neem.

[pt] Elevado custo com estoques é um problema enfrentado por muitas empresas brasileiras. Reduzir esse custo mostra-se como uma oportunidade, mas essa redução deve ser acompanhada de uma análise criteriosa, de maneira a não trazer consequências indesejáveis como parada de unidades ou perda de mercado. A presente dissertação teve como objetivos a proposição de um framework de gestão de estoques intermediários baseado em revisão sistemática de literatura seguida de um estudo de caso com entrevistas e observação participante, resultando na análise da gestão de estoques intermediários de uma empresa de óleo e gás. Uma comparação entre as práticas atuais da companhia e o framework foi realizada e recomendações para implantação listadas, através da proposição de um roadmap para implementação do framework. Apontamento de ganho de agilidade e foco na gestão dos estoques intermediários, e redução do inventário são elencados como contribuição desse estudo. As principais recomendações levantadas são referentes à realização da classificação ABC dos estoques, utilização de princípios e ferramentas da filosofia lean, realização de simulações, modelagem e mapeamento de fluxo de valor. Recomendações para estudos futuros incluem técnicas quantitativas de modelagem matemática de estoques e simulações. / [en] High inventory costs is a problem faced by many Brazilian companies. Reducing these costs can be very beneficial. This reduction needs a careful analysis so as not to bring undesirable consequences, including unit downtime or reduced market share. The goal of this dissertation is to propose an intermediate stock management framework. The proposal is based on a systematic literature review followed by a case study with interviews and participant observation. An analysis of the intermediate stocks management in an oil and gas company is produced. A comparison between the current practices of the company and the proposed framework was carried out. Recommendations and a roadmap on how to implement this framework are offered. Agility in managing intermediate stocks and inventory reduction are pointed as contribution of this study. The main recommendations of this study for the company are related to ABC inventory classification, lean principles and tools, simulation, modelling and value stream mapping. Recommendations for future studies include quantitative techniques for mathematical modeling of inventories and simulations.

This article reports a research on depression and self-concept in Peruvian children exposed ro negarive socioafective situations. Ir emphasizes the importance and specific characteristics of depression both from a psychological and clinical point of view. The sample consisred ofboys between 8 and 14 years old, 35 institutionalized, 30 from a marginal district of Lima and 20 with a depression diagnosis. The objective of the study was ro analyse the correlation between both variables, compare rhe scores in the three groups, and the adaptation of the CDI (Children Depressive Inventory, Kovacs, 1983}. Results show a signifcative negative correlation between depression and self-concept. Ir is found that institutionalization and low SES influence the degree of depression, however, ir has less importance in self-concept. The instruments are valid and reliable. / El estudio investiga la depresión y el autoconcepto en grupos de niños Peruanos expuestos a situaciones socioafectivas negativas, destacando la importancia y características especificas de este desorden en el campo psicológico y clínico. Fueron seleccionados 35 niños institucionalizados, 30 niños de una zona marginal de Lima y 20 niños con diagnóstico de depresión; todos varones entre 8 y 14 años. Se estudió la correlación entre ambas variables, se comparó los puntajes a nivel intergrupal y se adaptó el CDI (Children Depressive Inventory, Kovacs, 1983). Se obtuvo una correlación negativa y significativa entre las variables de depresión y autoconcepto. Asimismo, se encuentra que la institucionalización y el bajo nivel socioeconómico tienen influencia en el grado de depresión hallado en los niños examinados, en cambio tienen poca trascendencia en el nivel de autoconcepto. La evaluación de la validez y confiabillidad de los instrumentos utilizados brinda resultados óptimos, presentándose datos adicionales importantes.

A survey of literature has revealed that there is a need for a reliability and validity study of the Personal Orientation Inventory in South Africa. The two major objectives of this research where therefore to determine firstly, the test-retest reliability of the Personal Orientation Inventory and secondly, to establish the construct validity, in other words, how well the Personal Orientation Inventory correlates with other measures purporting to measure similar traits. The total sample of 317 individuals used in this research, consisted of both male and female school leavers such as students and national servicemen, ranging in age from 17 to 22 years. The results of this introductory study regarding reliability and validity of the Personal Orientation Inventory in South Africa demonstrated clear support for similar research done overseas and showed to be compatible with the humanistic psychology movement's original concept of self-actualization. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial Psychology)

A survey of the field revealed a need for a Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI). The two major objectives were to understand the concept of selfactualization and the use of the POI as a measuring instrument. The POI correlation coefficients were used as input data for the computer program, Linear Structural Relations (LISREL), to perform a Confirmatory Factor Analysis. A sample of 495 individuals was used in this research. This sample consisted of both male and female second-year Industrial Psychology students from various race groups. The research concluded that the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) indicated a poor fit between the empirical model and the empirical reality. This determined that the POI's factor structure could not confirm the theoretical model of selfactualization. It is acknowledged that more research needs to be conducted, taking due consideration of bias variables and cultural diversity. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial Psychology)

O Painel Intergovernamental de Mudanças Climáticas da ONU (IPCC) tem comprovado com nível de confiança cada vez maior, ao longo dos últimos anos, a forte relação entre o aumento da temperatura média global e o aumento dos gases de efeito estufa (GEEs) principalmente quanto ao gás que mais contribui para a composição desses gases: o gás carbônico ou CO2. O Brasil se insere no rol dos emissores desse gás, principalmente devido ao desmatamento das reservas florestais que possui. Assim, assumiu o compromisso na Convenção Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudanças Climáticas (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC) de estabilizar suas emissões e inventariar periodicamente os seus GEEs. Dentro deste contexto, cabe também à indústria levantar sua parcela de responsabilidade significativa neste processo ameaçador para a vida no planeta terra. Desta forma, o principal objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de levantar e contabilizar o Inventário dos GEEs emitidos em 2006 por uma empresa que produz importantes insumos para a indústria de petróleo. A pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a metodologia mais adequada e sua aplicação para a empresa em estudo foram os principais objetivos específicos. A autora não encontrou fatores de emissão de CO2 (kg CO2/TJ do combustível, detalhado no decorrer deste trabalho) desenvolvidos no Brasil para levantar o inventário, com um nível razoável de confiança, que reflita a situação real e local. Toda a pesquisa bibliográfica feita mostrou que os trabalhos realizados mesmo por órgãos governamentais brasileiros usaram a metodologia do IPCC (versão anterior à usada neste trabalho) que foi elaborada por países desenvolvidos, que não é o nosso caso ou realidade. Foram feitas diversas visitas à empresa, levantadas todas as fontes potenciais de emissão, consumos e características de todos os combustíveis usados, bem como o levantamento do trabalho desenvolvido sobre geração de mudas de plantas no seu horto. Através de cálculos por essa metodologia reconhecida mundialmente (IPCC) a autora encontrou um valor em torno de 76.000 toneladas de CO2 emitidos pela empresa em 2006. A empresa neutralizou cerca de 80 toneladas de CO2, através da produção de mudas (para doação e plantio em torno de uma área que é um passivo ambiental) em seu horto e o que plantou na área desse passivo em 2006. Isso significou cerca de 0,1% do que emitiu / The Intergovernamental Panel Climate Change - IPCC from ONU has proved with higher level of confidence, along last years, a strong relation between the global average temperature increasing and the Greenhouse Gases increasing mainly about the biggest contributor to the composition in these gases: the carbonic gas or CO2. Brazil is included in the list of these gas polluters, mainly because of its deforestation. Then, it assumed the commitment with United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC of stabilize and calculate his Greenhouse Gases (GHG) Inventory. In this context, the industries must to survey their part of responsibility in this threatening process for the life in this planet. For the reasons above, the main purpose from the present work is to calculate the Greenhouse Gases emissions inventory in 2006 from a enterprise that produces important inputs for a petroleum industry. The specific purposes were to research the bibliography about the most suitable methodology and its application for this enterprise. The author of this work didnt find any emission factors for CO2 developed in Brazil for calculate the inventory, with a reasonable level of confidence, which can show the real and local situation about this subject. Then, the entire bibliographic search done showed that the works found even in governmental institutions used the IPCC methodology, done by developed countries, that isnt our reality. For this study, it was done several visits to that enterprise and identified all the sources from these GHG, fuel uses and their quantities and intensive bibliographic searches about several national and international methodologies. It was seen the developed work done by this enterprise about generation of seedling (plants) in its market garden. It was chosen the IPCC methodology that was the tool to calculate about 76.000 t of CO2 emitted by the enterprise in 2006. This studied enterprise neutralized 80 t of CO2, through the production of plants cuttings (for donation to people and to plant in around an area that is an environmental passive) in its market garden and what it planted in that passive area in 2006. This was about 0,1% on that it emitted

The diploma thesis deals with learning styles of learners in English language teaching namely in one-to-one courses. The theoretical part deals with the theory of learning styles which is contrasted with the theory of learning strategies. In the theoretical part it is described how learning styles and learning strategies are classified by different authors. How to identify learning styles of one particular student is explained. Apart from that the theoretical part deals with teaching styles in order to find the relationship between learning styles and teaching styles. One-to-one teaching is described as the research takes place in one-to-one teaching environment. The empirical part of the thesis is based on qualitative research of learning styles namely case studies of 7 students of different levels of English who acquire English in one-to-one courses. Students´ learning styles will be analysed through data obtained from an interview. The author of the thesis will use participant observation and will keep account of learning styles of every particular student. Results acquired from the interview will be compared with results from observation in one-to-one teaching. When students´ learning styles are analysed, appropriate teaching methods and exercises are proposed to satisfy students´ ascertained learning styles.

Submitted by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-14T14:09:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PERRESSIM_William_2016.pdf: 51818946 bytes, checksum: cfcb0792fcd322943e503d5c66ef56d0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-14T14:12:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PERRESSIM_William_2016.pdf: 51818946 bytes, checksum: cfcb0792fcd322943e503d5c66ef56d0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-14T14:12:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PERRESSIM_William_2016.pdf: 51818946 bytes, checksum: cfcb0792fcd322943e503d5c66ef56d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-14T14:12:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PERRESSIM_William_2016.pdf: 51818946 bytes, checksum: cfcb0792fcd322943e503d5c66ef56d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The efficiency of a production system is characterized by its ability to produce more with fewer resources. In this sense new strategies for inventory management emerge, to minimize the impact of this factor in the results of the organizations. Literature in operations management deals with a long time to study and analyze the relationship between the stock of the economic and financial performance. But even in the face of decades of research, some issues show up unanswered. In this sense this work is to analyze the influence of the stock's performance on the economic and financial results, making use of indicators based on Gross Profit, Operating Income and Net Income, analyzing the relationship between the composition of these indicators and their effectiveness in isolating the effect of stock on economic and financial performance. For such a set of 56 industries with publicly traded and listed on the BM&FBovespa, were analyzed their data financial performance and operational arranged in the form of panel, with the start in the 1st quarter of 2004 and finish in the 4th quarter 2014 total so 11 years and 2376 observations. Regression analysis with panel data using the model of generalized least squares indicated that the economic and financial performance is positively impacted by stock, that is, reductions in inventory levels should impact in better profits for the organization. also indicated the ROABruto (Gross Profit) and BEP (Operating Income) show to be more influenced by the stock compared to indicators based on net income. / A eficiência de um sistema de produção é caracterizada por sua capacidade de produzir mais com menos recursos. Neste sentido, novas estratégias para a gestão de estoque emergem, visando minimizar o impacto deste fator nos resultados das organizações. A literatura em gestão de operações ocupa-se a muito tempo em estudar e analisar a relação entre o estoque o desempenho financeiro. Mas mesmo diante de décadas de pesquisa, algumas questões mostramse não respondidas. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a influência do desempenho do estoque sobre o resultado financeiro, fazendo uso de indicadores baseados em Lucro Bruto, Lucro Operacional e Lucro Líquido, analisando a relação entre a composição destes indicadores e sua eficiência em isolar o efeito do estoque sobre o desempenho financeiro. Para tal, um conjunto com 56 empresas industriais com ações negociadas na BM&FBovespa foram analisadas, com seus dados de desempenho financeiro e operacionais dispostos na forma de painel, com o início no 1º trimestre de 2004 e término no 4º trimestre de 2014, totalizando, assim 11 anos e 2376 observações. A análise de regressão com dados em painel, utilizando o modelo dos mínimos quadrados generalizados, indicou que o desempenho financeiro é positivamente influenciado pelo estoque, ou seja, reduções nos níveis de estoque devem impactar em melhores lucros para a organização. Indicou também que o estoque influencia em maior intensidade o ROABruto (Lucro Bruto/Ativo) e o BEP (Lucro Operacional/Ativo), em comparação a indicadores baseados em lucro líquido.

The cognitive theory / therapy (CT) produced profound changes in psychiatry and psychology contributing thus to treat a variety of disorders. In diagnostic terms, the CT use psychometric scales and other instruments. For example, in 1961, Beck developed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) revised in 1978 (BDI-1A) and in 1996 the BDI-II was published. In 2001, the Beck Youth Inventory (BYI-II) was prepared for children and adolescents aged 7-18 years consisting of an inventory of five scales that assess symptoms of depression, anxiety, anger, disruptive behavior and self-concept. The aim of this work was to construct a systematic review of national and international scientific production of the Beck Depression Inventory for Youth (BDI-Y), the Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth (BAI-Y) and the Beck Disruptive Behavior Inventory for Youth (BDBI-Y); furthermore, we considered studies that employ these tools in the clinical area and overall health. The review was carried from the use of descriptors: Beck Depression Inventory for Youth , Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth and Beck Disruptive Behavior Inventory for Youth . The references selection criteria were: presence of the descriptor in the text, articles written in English, Spanish and Portuguese; repeated references in other databases will be selected only in one base; references that were related to the theme, with the guiding criterion focus on using the BAI-Y , the BDI-Y and BDBI-Y. The results were: following criteria for inclusion, 11 articles, with the descriptor \"Beck Depression Inventory for Youth\"; with the descriptor \"Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth\", 11 studies were selected. Already with the descriptor \"Beck Disruptive Behavior Inventory for Youth\" were selected only three references. Therefore, undertake a review of the scientific production of three inventories Beck Youth Inventory (BYI-II) was essential to verify the scarcity of studies about BDI-Y, BAI-Y and BDBI-Y. Results show no Brazilian studies, most are from the United States and only one reference reported use of Beck Inventories, second edition, adapted and validated for the Chinese reality. These results can contribute to raising awareness about the need to researchers to continue this discussion, considering the great necessity of their inclusion in research and research development with emphasis on studies of the psychometric properties of these instruments and their appropriateness to the Brazilian reality. Finally, with the guarantee of further studies, will be possible to evaluate the competence of this scales and their utility in the academic and clinical community. / A teoria/terapia cognitiva (TC) promoveu profundas mudanças na psiquiatria e psicologia colaborando, assim, para o tratamento de uma ampla variedade de transtornos. Em termos diagnósticos, a TC faz uso de escalas psicométricas e de outros instrumentos. Por exemplo, em 1961, Beck desenvolveu as Escalas de Depressão de Beck (BDI) revisadas em 1978 (BDI-1A) e em 1996 a BDI-II foi publicada. Em 2001, elaborou o Beck Youth Inventory - (BYI-II) para crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 7 a 18 anos, que consiste em um inventário de cinco escalas que avaliam os sintomas de depressão, ansiedade, raiva, comportamento disruptivo e autoconceito. O objetivo deste trabalho foi construir uma revisão sistemática da produção científica nacional e internacional do Beck Depression Inventory for Youth (BDI-Y), do Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth (BAI-Y) e do Beck Disruptive Behavior Inventory for Youth (BDBI-Y); além disso, foram considerados estudos que empregam esses instrumentos na área clínica e da saúde em geral. A revisão foi realizada a partir da utilização dos descritores: Beck Depression Inventory for Youth ; Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth e Beck Disruptive Behavior Inventory for Youth . Os critérios de seleção da amostra foram: presença do descritor no corpo do texto; artigos escritos na língua inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa; referências repetidas em outras bases foram selecionadas apenas em uma base; referências que estavam relacionadas ao tema, tendo como critério norteador do estudo o enfoque sobre o uso do BAI-Y, do BDI-Y e do BDBI-Y. Após critérios de inclusão, os resultados obtidos foram: 11 artigos, com o descritor Beck Depression Inventory for Youth ; com o descritor Beck Anxiety Inventory for Youth , 11 estudos foram selecionados. Já com o descritor Beck Disruptive Behavior Inventory for Youth foram selecionadas apenas 3 referências. Portanto, empreender uma revisão da produção científica de três inventários do Beck Youth Inventory (BYI-II) foi essencial para tornar possível a verificação da escassez de estudos para os inventários BDI-Y, BAI-Y e BDBI-Y. Os resultados mostram que nenhuma referência nacional foi encontrada, a maioria é oriunda dos Estados Unidos da América e apenas uma referência relatou o uso dos Inventários Beck, segunda edição, adaptados e validados para a realidade chinesa. Esses resultados podem contribuir para um maior esclarecimento acerca da necessidade de pesquisadores darem continuidade a esta discussão, considerando a grande necessidade da inclusão destes instrumentos em trabalhos de pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de investigações com ênfase em estudos das propriedades psicométricas desses inventários e de sua adequação à realidade brasileira. Por fim, com a realização de mais estudos, torna-se possível avaliar a eficácia destas escalas e sua utilidade na comunidade acadêmica e clínica. / Mestre em Psicologia Aplicada