<p>Syftet med uppsatsen är dels att studera hur relationerna mellan karaktärerna Sigrid och Magnus samt mellan Arn och Cecilia framställs och dels att analysera vilka egenskaper och tankar var och en av karaktärerna ger uttryck för, i romanen <em>Vägen till Jerusalem</em>. Undersökningen har en kvalitativ prägel och den har genomförts genom en närläsning av olika sekvenser där ovanstående karaktärer figurerar. Tidigare forskning som både behandlar romansviten om Arn och den historiska fiktionen i allmänhet ligger även till grund för undersökningens resonemang. Ett annat syfte är att utifrån undersökningens resultat resonera kring vilka tänkbara för- och nackdelar som finns med att läsa romanen tillsammans med eleverna i en skolklass, på antingen högstadiet eller gymnasiet.    <strong></strong></p><p>Undersökningen visar att Sigrid i flera avseenden gestaltas som en kvinnlig pionjär och att hon dessutom besitter förmågan att kunna påverka sin make Magnus beslut, i den riktning hon själv önskar. Emellertid realiserar hon ofta sina nydanande idéer på så vis att hon genom övertalning av maken får honom att representera besluten som tas. Magnus uttrycker en viss glädje över sin hustrus företagsamhet men den resulterar även i att hans maktställning som husbonde undermineras, vilket grämer honom. Arn övertar sin mor Sigrids roll som en slags banbrytare för nya värderingar som är oförenliga med den skildrade tidens synsätt, vad beträffar både såväl synen på kärlek som på människovärdet.</p>

Bakgrund: Den svenska teaterscenen befinner sig i vad som tycks vara en ständig ekonomisk kris. De offentliga medlen räcker inte längre till, vilket har fått till följd att teaterinstitutionerna har blivit tvungna att söka sig nya inkomstkällor. Kultursponsring är en alternativ finansieringsform som har blivit allt vanligare. Vi vill undersöka kultursponsringens möjligheter för svensk teater. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka möjligheterna att gå bortom den traditionella definitionen av kultursponsring för att skapa ett helhetsperspektiv på utbyten mellan teater och näringsliv. Avgränsningar: Vi utgår ifrån Sveriges teaterinstitutioner och de kulturpolitiska målen som är uppställda av Sveriges Riksdag. Genomförande: Vår undersökning bygger på sju intervjuer med representanter från teatrar och företag. Resultat: Idag ses kultursponsring främst som ett marknadsföringsverktyg, där det sker ett utbyte av image mot pengar. Vi anser att med denna begränsade definition förbises den största potentialen, vilken återfinns i själva mötet mellan teater- och affärsvärlden.

Syftet med uppsatsen är dels att studera hur relationerna mellan karaktärerna Sigrid och Magnus samt mellan Arn och Cecilia framställs och dels att analysera vilka egenskaper och tankar var och en av karaktärerna ger uttryck för, i romanen Vägen till Jerusalem. Undersökningen har en kvalitativ prägel och den har genomförts genom en närläsning av olika sekvenser där ovanstående karaktärer figurerar. Tidigare forskning som både behandlar romansviten om Arn och den historiska fiktionen i allmänhet ligger även till grund för undersökningens resonemang. Ett annat syfte är att utifrån undersökningens resultat resonera kring vilka tänkbara för- och nackdelar som finns med att läsa romanen tillsammans med eleverna i en skolklass, på antingen högstadiet eller gymnasiet.     Undersökningen visar att Sigrid i flera avseenden gestaltas som en kvinnlig pionjär och att hon dessutom besitter förmågan att kunna påverka sin make Magnus beslut, i den riktning hon själv önskar. Emellertid realiserar hon ofta sina nydanande idéer på så vis att hon genom övertalning av maken får honom att representera besluten som tas. Magnus uttrycker en viss glädje över sin hustrus företagsamhet men den resulterar även i att hans maktställning som husbonde undermineras, vilket grämer honom. Arn övertar sin mor Sigrids roll som en slags banbrytare för nya värderingar som är oförenliga med den skildrade tidens synsätt, vad beträffar både såväl synen på kärlek som på människovärdet.

Aim: To investigate the observed issues about the economy units’ importation in the municipal of Bollnäs, Sweden, and study the internal communication according to this matter.  Method: This paper is written as a process where the information flow has been decided by the information held in the interviews. The interviews have dealt with the economy units issues and the communication linked to it, within the oganization. The persons that have been interviewed are Olle Nilsson Sträng -principal of the municipal executive board, Leopold Stoltz - head of the municipal, Jan Lahenkorva‐ principal of the youth and child care board Maj ‐Britt Karlsson‐ head of the youth and child care management and Eva Eklunddirector of junior school. After the interview report, discussions about what really happened and what can be done are made.  Contribution of thesis: The thesis shows that the communication is important for the persons within the organization and its function. It also contributes to a understanding of the public organizations of Sweden. Future research: Suggest how decisions will be made in a public and private organization,are there any differences? I would also be interesting to know how the community is reacting on the information from public organization.  Result &amp; Conclusions: To build awareness about the internal communication problems and consider the decision ‐making process and how the decisions are made public.

The 1950s and 1960s in Czechoslovakia witnessed a fundamental shift in the dramatic and theatrical realms. Following the Communist takeover of 1948, Soviet-inspired Socialist Realism became the official aesthetic of the Czech lands, displacing the avant-garde trends that had dominated the pre-war era. This normative aesthetic program demanded a party-minded ideological perspective (partiinost) and a certain level of accessibility to the masses (narodnost). After the death of Stalin, as the political situation began to thaw, various theatre practitioners began to undermine these Socialist Realist demands, widening the literary horizons by experimenting with a variety of trends, and ultimately sowing the seeds that would lead to the flowering of the Czech theatre of the 1960s. This thesis investigates the ways in which the Socialist Realist model for dramatic and theatrical expression was subverted on the experimental stages of Prague in the late 1950s and 1960s. Specifically, it analyzes the changing role of ideology, dramatic and theatrical space, and objects during this period. By the 1960s, the earnest, socialist ideology that pervaded Socialist Realism in its purported message to the audience had become a stale aesthetic model. In 1963, Václav Havel’s Zahradní slavnost couches this ideology in an absurd dramatic world, subverting and satirizing the didactic nature of Socialist Realism while simultaneously drawing from the Czech avant-garde and foreign trends like the so-called Theatre of the Absurd. Prague’s experimental theatre movement in the 1950s and 1960s, though certainly present on large stages like the National Theatre, primarily sprang from the city’s small stages. Both Jiří Suchý and Jiří Šlitr’s Semafor Theatre and Otomar Krejča’s Theatre Beyond the Gate managed highly innovative productions despite limited stage space. This was made possible, in part, due to their remarkable use of the off-stage and imaginary action spaces. In his article “Man and Object in the Theatre,” Jiří Veltruský notes that human actors on stage operate between two poles: highly spontaneous and highly determined actions. Socialist Realism, which offered its audience models of behaviour for their lives outside the theatre, reduced characters to types, limiting their perceived spontaneity, as they exist primarily to fulfill necessary narrative functions (i.e., the positive hero). In a sense, human beings are objectified. In his adaptation of Alfred Jarry’s Ubu roi, director Jan Grossman takes this to the extreme. By presenting the actions of his actors as highly determined, he reduces the human figure to a manipulated object. When Ubu oversees the annihilation of these beings, Grossman both parodies the Socialist Realist approach to characterization and offers a stunningly subversive rebuke of the Czech political culture. In this work I show how the innovative spirit of Czech theatre and drama of the 1960s represented an era of shifting aesthetic norms, which reacted to the strict, normative Socialist Realist trend of the 1950s, borrowed from numerous foreign and domestic trends both past and present, and developed unique techniques of their own in order to create impactful works on the stage and on the page.

The 1950s and 1960s in Czechoslovakia witnessed a fundamental shift in the dramatic and theatrical realms. Following the Communist takeover of 1948, Soviet-inspired Socialist Realism became the official aesthetic of the Czech lands, displacing the avant-garde trends that had dominated the pre-war era. This normative aesthetic program demanded a party-minded ideological perspective (partiinost) and a certain level of accessibility to the masses (narodnost). After the death of Stalin, as the political situation began to thaw, various theatre practitioners began to undermine these Socialist Realist demands, widening the literary horizons by experimenting with a variety of trends, and ultimately sowing the seeds that would lead to the flowering of the Czech theatre of the 1960s. This thesis investigates the ways in which the Socialist Realist model for dramatic and theatrical expression was subverted on the experimental stages of Prague in the late 1950s and 1960s. Specifically, it analyzes the changing role of ideology, dramatic and theatrical space, and objects during this period. By the 1960s, the earnest, socialist ideology that pervaded Socialist Realism in its purported message to the audience had become a stale aesthetic model. In 1963, Václav Havel’s Zahradní slavnost couches this ideology in an absurd dramatic world, subverting and satirizing the didactic nature of Socialist Realism while simultaneously drawing from the Czech avant-garde and foreign trends like the so-called Theatre of the Absurd. Prague’s experimental theatre movement in the 1950s and 1960s, though certainly present on large stages like the National Theatre, primarily sprang from the city’s small stages. Both Jiří Suchý and Jiří Šlitr’s Semafor Theatre and Otomar Krejča’s Theatre Beyond the Gate managed highly innovative productions despite limited stage space. This was made possible, in part, due to their remarkable use of the off-stage and imaginary action spaces. In his article “Man and Object in the Theatre,” Jiří Veltruský notes that human actors on stage operate between two poles: highly spontaneous and highly determined actions. Socialist Realism, which offered its audience models of behaviour for their lives outside the theatre, reduced characters to types, limiting their perceived spontaneity, as they exist primarily to fulfill necessary narrative functions (i.e., the positive hero). In a sense, human beings are objectified. In his adaptation of Alfred Jarry’s Ubu roi, director Jan Grossman takes this to the extreme. By presenting the actions of his actors as highly determined, he reduces the human figure to a manipulated object. When Ubu oversees the annihilation of these beings, Grossman both parodies the Socialist Realist approach to characterization and offers a stunningly subversive rebuke of the Czech political culture. In this work I show how the innovative spirit of Czech theatre and drama of the 1960s represented an era of shifting aesthetic norms, which reacted to the strict, normative Socialist Realist trend of the 1950s, borrowed from numerous foreign and domestic trends both past and present, and developed unique techniques of their own in order to create impactful works on the stage and on the page.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Wilhelms-Universität in Münster, 1914. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references in "Bücherangabe" (p. [5]-6).

The music of the late baroque composer Jan Dismas Zelenka (1679- 1745) was not widely circulated during his lifetime. In the late twentieth century, Zelenka's music experienced a revival due to the rediscovery of his sonatas for double reed ensemble. The thesis examines the stylistic, generic, and historical context for Zelenka's Sonata V (ZWV 181, no. 5), tracing the development of the ensemble sonata for double reeds at the Augustan court. Chapter One focuses on Zelenka's life, as well as the purpose and dating of the six ensemble sonatas for obbligato double reeds (ZWV 181). The subsequent chapter surveys the national styles that were assimilated into the compositional traditions of the Dresden hofkapelle in the early 18th century. The role of the oboist within the court musical establishment and the social status of the hofmusicus are discussed. Chapter Three considers the precedents for and influences on Zelenka's Sonata V, particularly with respect to its inclusion in the little known genre of the sonata auf concertenart. These sonatas in the manner of a concerto adopt the formal outlines of Vivaldi's concertos and concerted sonatas while obscuring the distinctions of genre between the sonata and concerto through the treatment of scoring and texture. Zelenka's Sonata V follows the style of an early sonate auf concertenart of Vivaldi. Zelenka's concerted sonata departs from its model by confounding the identity of the initially distinct ritornello and solo material. The specific use of the oboe in Zelenka's sonatas, including playing techniques, and the degree of specialization are discussed. The conclusion speculates as to why Zelenka's music quickly fell out of favor and why even the composer himself was treated in a critical manner only a few generations after his time at Dresden. An understanding of the Dresden court not only provides a window on Zelenka's music, but also explains its almost immediate eclipse following his death. / text

This study examines resistance against totalitarian propaganda in select movies produced in regions subjected to Soviet-imposed totalitarian system. From 1939 to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Central-Eastern Europe has experienced two of the most devastating and genocidal political systems in the history of the humankind. Nazism was destroyed with the end of WWII, and met widespread condemnation. Sovietism, commonly known as Communism, survived WWII and the Soviet totalitarian empire rose to the position of the world's second superpower. Effective and organized Soviet propaganda generated a new convincing image of Sovietism as a harmless, friendly and progressive system. In this situation, the extremely important role of maintaining moral consciousness has fallen to the artistic world, specifically film. The scope of my thesis is to explore and analyze the responses to the Soviet totalitarianism in movies produced in European states of the Soviet bloc, between 1956 and 1989. My thesis aims to offer a critical reading of the chosen movies as well as their historical and political conditions. I point out how filmmakers articulated their resistance and analyze it in the context of national culture. The movies I chose to discuss express the reality of everyday life during the Soviet era. Their dissection reflects the mutual influence of history and art in general and in the Soviet bloc in particular. Hence, I offer a reading of the past expressed in the subjective vision of the cinematographic art. Movies not only reflect certain fragments of the reality, they also play an important role in constructing a collective memory. Discussing them from this angle leads to an understanding of the current perception of the past in those countries.

Not available / text