La commercialisation des médias et la professionnalisation des journalistes transforment les conditions de la production de l'information en Chine, même si le Parti communiste maintient un étroit contrôle sur les contenus. Cette thèse explique la production de l'actualité photographique au sein d'un triangle de contraintes formées par les demandes du marché, la valeur informative, la propagande. Elle est fondée sur l'examen des photos publiées par l'un des principaux journaux de Shanghai, le Dongfang Zaobao, des séjours dans sa rédaction et des entretiens avec ses photographes et éditeurs photos. Elle révèle les spécificités des contraintes chinoises qui pèsent sur la production de l'actualité.

Dresdner Universitätsjournal vom 14. Juli 2015

My thesis examines the role that Ladies Home Journal played in challenging the ideals of domesticity that emerged in the postwar period in the United States. Originally founded in 1883, Ladies Home Journal emerged from World War II as the most popular and highly circulated women’s magazine. Husband and wife duo Bruce and Beatrice Gould served as co-editors-in-chief from 1935 to 1962, and populated the magazine with numerous ambitious and talented female writers and editors. Many of these female staff members also married and had children, while maintaining their careers. During an era where employees discriminated against women in the workplace, Ladies Home Journal employed women and published numerous articles supporting women in the workplace. In 1963, Betty Friedan claimed that women’s magazines only perpetuated the idealized, feminine housewife, but I argue that her argument oversimplifies the complexities women’s magazines represented during the 1950s. Divided intro three chapters, I analyze the shifting working conditions for women between the 1940s and 1950s, then unearth the working culture of Ladies Home Journal during the postwar period through an analysis of the editors, writers, and articles. Lastly, I examine three female journalists, Dorothy Thompson, Betty Hannah Hoffman, and Maureen Daly who all regularly contributed to the Journal.

Internet use increases markedly throughout the world and it will also be an increasing number of electronic services in healthcare. One of the services is the electronic medical record services (e-journal services) that are considered to increase patient participation and a better look of their own care. Getting access to their medical records online creates the possibility for the patient to for example, see their test results, follow their referrals, book and cancel appointments. E-journal services were introduced to create benefits for the three main groups: the individual care / nursing personnel and decision makers. The purpose of the study is to determine the nurses' opinions of the introduction of electronic medical record services in Uppsala and how it affects their relationship with the patient. Seven nurses were interviewed the fall of 2016. The result of the survey is presented in the following five categories: altered patient contact, increased workloads, improved availability, creates uncertainty and requires new knowledge. The Conclusion of introducing e-journal services is seen as something positive. Because of the e-journal services the patients participate and get a much better view of their own care as well, it also leads to a better and more efficient contact with health services. However, it shows that if the use of e-journal is going to be more successful then the people who work in health care need to get an introduction of how it works. / Internetanvändandet ökar markant i hela världen i och med det tillkommer allt fler olika elektroniska tjänster inom hälso- och sjukvården. En av tjänsterna är Elektroniska journaltjänster (e-journaltjänster) som anses öka vårdtagardelaktighet och insynen i vården.  Att få tillgång till sin journal på nätet ger vårdtagaren möjlighet att bland annat se sina provsvar, följa sina remisser, boka samt avboka sjukvårdstider. E-journaltjänster infördes för att skapa nytta för framförallt tre grupper: individen, vård/omsorgspersonal samt beslutsfattare. Syftet med studien är att undersöka sjuksköterskornas uppfattningar om införandet av Elektroniska journaltjänster i Uppsala län och hur det påverkar deras relation till vårdtagare. Sju sjuksköterskor intervjuades hösten 2016. Undersökningens resultat presenteras i fem kategorier: Förändrad vårdtagarkontakt, Ökad arbetsbelastning, Förbättrad tillgänglighet, Skapar osäkerhet samt Kräver ny kunskap.   Slutsatsen är att införandet av e-journaltjänster uppfattas som något positivt. Införandet upplevs öka vårdtagarens delaktighet och insyn i den egna vården samt leda till en bättre och effektivare kontakt med den. Samtidigt framkommer det att mer utbildning behövs för de som arbetar inom vården för att användandet av e-journaltjänsten ska fungera bättre.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

This thesis describes a pretest - posttest study to increase the effectiveness of art journals at the high school level. The targeted population consisted of students in the ninth through twelfth grades in a middle class community, located in central Virginia. The visual art students were involved in the journaling (art workbook, sketchbook) process as a part of their curriculum. Following a pretest students were surveyed and adjustments were made from their input to make the art journals more effective. Often students were not picking up instructional cues introduced through demonstrations and art history integrated into the class structure. The researcher was concerned about the impact of standardized testing and the effect it was having on critical thinking. He hypothesized improved journaling techniques would facilitate the connection between class participation and student art projects.A review of the solution strategy revealed a need to adjust the number of pages required, provide more visual cues for research, and offer alternative two-dimensional design strategies. While these changes were made, the assessment tool was maintained as a consistent standard of measurement. Post intervention data indicated that adjustments to the journaling process significantly improved student's effective involvement and their scores.

Alors que les études littéraires tendent à se professionnaliser et la culture à occuper de moins en moins d’espace dans les grands médias traditionnels, les revues culturelles proposent une critique qui se distingue de ces deux pratiques. Liberté, L’Inconvénient, Contre-jour et Spirale offrent aux intellectuels, critiques et universitaires l’espace d’une pratique mitoyenne, entre celles des publications savantes et des médias grand public. Qu’ils se définissent au premier chef comme herméneutes, médiateurs ou érudits, les critiques de ces revues revendiquent tous une parole littéraire. Chacun des chapitres de ce mémoire se penche sur une publication, retraçant son histoire et étudiant les textes métacritiques afin de cerner les différences et les similitudes entre les conceptions, les fonctions et les mises en pratique de la critique. La méthode emprunte à l’histoire des revues en tant que groupes d’affiliation, développée par Andrée Fortin et Michel Lacroix. L’analyse des thèmes récurrents et des filiations, dans la lignée des travaux de Martine-Emmanuelle Lapointe et d’Anne Caumartin, ainsi que de la rhétorique, particulièrement la notion d’ethos telle que définie par Dominique Maingueneau et Ruth Amossy, permet de mettre en lumière ce qui constitue, pour les praticiens de la critique, la singularité et la valeur de la parole littéraire. / Whilst Literature Studies are professionalizing and culture becomes less and less prominent in traditional media, literary reviews offer a distinctive voice for criticism. Liberté, L’Inconvénient, Contre-jour and Spirale offer intellectuals, critics and academics alike an adjoining space for the practice of cultural criticism, which positions itself somewhere between scientific publications and mass media. Whether they identify themselves primarily as hermeneutics experts, mediators or scholars, the critics who participate in those reviews all avail themselves of a literary word. Each chapter of this thesis will examine one of the four publications named above, retracing their history and analyzing meta-critical texts published in their pages to outline the differences and similarities between their conceptions of literary criticism, and its function and application. Methods used to conceptualize reviews as groups are akin to the works of Andrée Fortin and Michel Lacroix. By analyzing the recurring themes, the filiations (as Martine-Emmanuelle Lapointe and Anne Caumartin’s works exemplify) and the rhetoric (particularly the notion of ethos as developed by Dominique Maingueneau and Ruth Amossy) of these literary reviews, this thesis will reveal what constitutes, for the critics studied here, the singularity and the value of the literary word.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Le journal télévisé (JT) est principalement construit à partir de discours de sources extérieures à l'organe de production. Ces discours sont recueillis et intégrés aux discours des journalistes et au dispositif médiatique. Ainsi, l'une des particularités du JT est d'être fortement polyphonique et hétérogène, construit par l'enchâssement et la multiplication d'un ensemble de voix qui se matérialisent par des discours rapportés et des interviews. Cette multiplication des voix est contrainte par le genre discursif du JT. Cette étude interdisciplinaire prend en compte deux niveaux: un niveau micro (énonciatif) et un niveau macro (discursif et interactionnel), nous situant ainsi dans le cadre de l'énonciation et de l'analyse du discours.Nous analysons la mise en scène qui est faite des locuteurs et de leurs discours rapportés et interviewés. Ce travail montre les différentes stratégies utilisées par le JT pour faire parler l'autre. Nous étudions ainsi la construction du discours d'information pour observer comment les journalistes utilisent les discours des sources pour argumenter, raconter ou encore modaliser leurs discours dans un souci informationnel, de sérieux, de captation et de divertissement. Il nous permet aussi d'analyser la construction identitaire médiatique et les rôles énonciatifs et interactionnels des locuteurs, anonymes, politiques ou experts, en fonction de leur identité sociale. Nous nous interrogeons sur la construction identitaire des locuteurs extérieurs, ceci en raison de l'influence des rôles énonciatifs et interactionnels des sujets parlants dans ce genre de discours. Notre recherche porte sur un corpus constitué d'enregistrements de JT français. / The TV news are mainly made from the speeches of sources outside the production sphere. These speeches are collected and integrated into the journalists' speeches and the media system. Therefore, one of the features of the TV news is to be highly polyphonic and heterogeneous, developing from the interconnection and multiplication of voices materialized by the reported speeches and interviews. This multiplication of voices is constrained by the discursive genre of TV news. This interdisciplinary study consists of two levels: a micro level (enunciative) and a macro level (discursive and interactional), placing one within the enunciation and the discourse analysis framework accordingly.The setting produced around the speakers and their reported and interviewed speeches is examined. This works looks into the different strategies used by the TV news to make the other talk. Then, it shows how the information speech is built and how journalists use the speeches of the sources to argue, tell or even model their own speeches, in order to provide adequate information, seriousness, attraction or entertainment. This allows one to analyze the building of the media identity, the enunciative and interactional roles of the speakers, civilians, politicians or experts, depending on their social identity. In other words, this thesis brings up questions about the identity building of external speakers, thus due to the influence of the enunciative and interactional roles of the speaking subjects, in that kind of speech. The research is based on a corpus of recorded evening news from french TV channels.

The ordering and control of experience through fictive selves, constructed in consideration of an audience of the self and others, is part of the diary’s identity-building and meaning-making function. This thesis analyzes the process by which the diaries of Virginia Woolf, Sylvia Plath, and Janet Schaw construct multiple textual identities and conceptualize their public and private selves. The projection of these multiple selves in the diary text serve to justify the private individual experience as extraordinary and worth telling, as well as to connect with a public community experience, relating the self to a greater socio-cultural context.