Syftet med denna kvantitativa enkätstudie var att undersöka om coaching är rätt metod för individer som befinner sig i inledningsskedet av en ofrivillig arbetslöshet. I ett försök att utröna detta har vi undersökt vilka behov individen upplever sig ha i början av sin arbetslöshet, men också om coachingen tillfredsställer några av dessa. Med Maslows behovshierarki som utgångspunkt sammanställdes frågor som sammanlagt 23 arbetslösa, inskrivna vid fem olika arbetsförmedlingar i Stockholms län, svarade på. Resultaten visar att respondenterna har de fyra första mer basala behoven i hierarkin otillfredställda. Via coachingen tycks respondenterna, förutom ett ökat självförtroende, fått bekräftelse och förståelse, vilket kan förklara att respondenterna känner sig motiverade och redo till att förverkliga sig själva i coachingen. Oavsett kön upplevde en klar majoritet av studiens respondenter stödet de fick via coachingen som positivt. Slutsatsen är att coachingen, i denna studie, visat sig vara en passande metod för att öka den arbetslöses självförtroende och förmåga att anta nya yrkesmässiga utmaningar. / The aim of this quantitative study is to investigate if coaching is a suitable method for individuals who are in the initial stage of involuntary unemployment. In an attempt to ascertain this, we have examined the needs an individual experience having in the start of their unemployment but also if coaching satisfies any of these. With Maslows hierarchy of needs as a starting point questions were formed to the 23 unemployed who participated in the study. The participants were enrolled at five different unemployment agencies in Stockholm county. The results show that respondents have the first four needs in the hierarchy unsatisfied. With coaching the respondents seem to improve self-confidence and get confirmation and understanding, which may explain why the respondents feel motivated and ready to fulfill themselves with coaching. Regardless of sex a clear majority of the respondents experienced the support they received with coaching as positive. The conclusion of this study is that coaching proved to be an appropriate method to increase the unemployed´s self-confidence and ability to meet new professional challenges.

Denna undersökning syftar till att förstå anställdas och mellanchefers uppfattningar om införandet av ett nytt system för kompetensutveckling i Habiliteringen i Handikapp-förvaltningen Västra Götalandsregionen. Vi har ställt oss följande två frågor: Vilka uppfattningar finns och vad för slags reaktioner har uppkommit bland anställda och mellanchefer vid förändringsarbetet? Vilka följder kan dessa reaktioner ha fått för förändringsarbetet? För att kunna besvara dessa frågor har vi gjort fyra individuella intervjuer med mellanchefer och fyra gruppintervjuer med anställda, där sammanlagt 14 anställda deltog. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att anställda och mellanchefer har svagt intresse för det nya kompetensutvecklingssystemet när det gäller både dess användning och dess vidareutveckling. Det svaga intresset tror vi bland annat beror på att anställda och mellanchefer, på grund av bristande information om systemet, har endast ringa kunskap om dess innebörd och heller inte förstår dess syfte. Det svaga intresset kan även bero på att anställda och mellanchefer över lag ser få positiva aspekter med systemet för egen del.

Using data from the Labour Force Survey conducted by Statistics South Africa twice yearly this thesis intend to evaluate the Expanded Public Works Programme regarding its effectiveness in creating employment and raising income in households with participating individuals. The South African labour market is well known for its high rates of unemployment and also its segregation, primarily between black and white people, but also young people are having a hard time finding jobs. In order to fight these problems the South African government has launched the Expanded Public Works Programme(EPWP) which provides low- semi-skilled labour with short term employment, the primary target groups being black and coloured people, women, disabled people and young people. Our findings indicate that the EPWP does not significantly enhance the individual’s probability of being employed, nor does it raise the per capita income of households with participating individuals.

The objective of the thesis is to make a stakeholder evaluation of the regularization process that in 2005 gave the right to irregular immigrants in Spain to apply for a legal status. I want to portray how different groups at the labour market experienced the process and identify the factors that contributed to the result. I further want to study if regularization can be seen as an effectual measurement for managing irregular immigration. The methods are qualitative interviews and text analysis combined with evaluation method. The main theories are Venturini’s and Levinson’s suggestions for a successful regularization. Other prominent theories are Soysal’s theory about citizenship, Jordan’s and Düvell’s and Castles theories about irregular immigration. The result shows that the main argument for carrying out the process was to improve the situation at the labour market. The most prominent factors that affected the outcome were the social consensus preceding the process and the prerequisite of having a job contract. The regularization of irregular immigrants had an overall positive outcome but the stringent prerequisites for being regularized together with problems with sanctions of employers probably had a somewhat negative outcome on the result of the regularization.<br />

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the performance of two divergent methods for delineating commuting regions, also called labour market areas, in a situation that the base spatial units differ largely in size as a result of an irregular population distribution. Commuting patterns in Sweden have been analyzed with geographical information system technology by delineating commuting regions using two regionalization methods. One, a rule-based method, uses one-way commuting flows to delineate local labour market areas in a top-down procedure based on the selection of predefined employment centres. The other method, the interaction-based Intramax analysis, uses two-way flows in a bottom-up procedure based on numerical taxonomy principles. A comparison of these methods will expose a number of strengths and weaknesses. For both methods, the same data source has been used. The performance of both methods has been evaluated for the country as a whole using resident employed population, self-containment levels and job ratios for criteria. A more detailed evaluation has been done in the Goteborg metropolitan area by comparing regional patterns with the commuting fields of a number of urban centres in this area. It is concluded that both methods could benefit from the inclusion of additional control measures to identify improper allocations of municipalities. / <p>Open Access</p>

The purpose of this study is to highlight the maritime students' views on and visions for their future career. The results will be used by maritime academies, ship owners and unions to develop their activities in the desired direction and work together for a well-functioning labour market in shipping in the future. To determine the students’ views and visions, interviews were conducted with graduating students at the maritime academies in Sweden. The results show that the reduced Swedish merchant fleet worries students, but that the majority is positive about finding a job after graduation. The students intend to work at sea for at least 8 - 10 years and the salary is not considered to be the most important factor when selecting a workplace, many other factors affect. Today the offshore, tank and Ro-Ro/Ro-Pax market are the most attractive segments and the students feel themselves qualified for the job, but they still believe there are parts of the education that should be developed. Based on the results, recommendations are presented to the maritime academies, ship owners and unions to develop their respective business. Recommendations to officers are also presented.

Human capital accumulation and its effect on labour market outcomes have been in the focus of economic research for decades. Traditionally the economic literature suggests that there might exist several forms of human capital, where human capital represents the knowledge, skills and health embodied in individuals. Skills and knowledge are largely acquired through education and experience but may also reflect, in part, innate abilities. In addition, some aspects of motivation and behaviour, as well as attributes such as the physical, emotional and mental health of individuals are also considered as human capital. These activities are referred to as human capital because people cannot be separated from their knowledge, skills and health, in the way they are separated from their physical and capital assets. Human capital accumulation is an important determinant of individuals' earning capacity and employment prospects, therefore plays an important role in determining the level and distribution of income in society. Moreover, the costs of these investments include direct outlays on market goods and the opportunity cost of the time that must be withdrawn from competing uses. Apart from direct investments in human capital people could also invest in constructing a network of relationships for example to find a job. Until now all these aspects have been studied separately, in this thesis I try to reconcile them.

In Canada, the non-recognition of foreign credentials remains a considerable policy issue as well as a challenge for skilled immigrants. Many studies have shed light on the difficulties that foreign professionals face when seeking a placement in the Canadian job market. This thesis focused on the experiences of professional women from Morocco on the basis of the premise that every racialized group’s immigration experience deserves a space in the literature to voice their realities and inspire policy considerations. As a result, this study focused on examining the experiences of Moroccan women in the Canadian job market and the impact thereof, on their socio-economic status, and as such, health and well-being. In order to effectively capture the experiences of this particular community, a fieldwork study was conducted in the form of semi-structured individual interviews with twelve women who immigrated to Canada from Morocco with professional qualifications. Based on the participants’ accounts, I described that systemic discrimination as manifested in Othering and racialization remain major obstacles to the realization of equal access in the Canadian labour market. All in all, this research provides valuable insight into the plight of skilled immigrants in Canada and thus, offers strong policy recommendations to facilitate a more effective integration process for this group into the Canadian Job market.

Denna studie har genomförts med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer med syftet att utföra en diskursanalys på hur deltagare och anställda talar om projektet Korta vägen i Uppsala. Korta vägen är ett arbetsmarknadspolitiskt projekt som syftar till att få ut utländska akademiker i arbetslivet.Våra informanter bestod av anställda inom projektet samt deltagare som nyligen fullgjort sin utbildning i Korta vägen. Frågeställningarna har varit hur deltagare och anställda talar om projektet och vilka diskurser som används och reproduceras via talet. I vårt resultat redogör vi för åtta olika diskurser som vi har kunnat urskilja utifrån vårt empiriska material. Diskurserna berör kultur, språk, nätverk, pedagogik, samhällsekonomi, praktik samt terapeutiska relationer. Resultatet visar även hur majoriteten av diskurserna går att koppla till svenskhet samt vilken betydelse svenskhet har för människors möjligheter på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. Slutligen problematiserar vi hur en exkludering på den svenska arbetsmarknaden finns inbäddad i vår samhällsstruktur, och hur vi omedvetet upprätthåller och reproducerar denna. Problematiseringen har gjorts med diskursanalytiska teorier av Foucault, Derrida och Berger och Luckmann. / This study was conducted using qualitative interviews and had the aim to conduct a discourse analysis of how students and employees talk about the project Korta vägen (the short path) in Uppsala. Korta vägen is a labor market project that aims to get foreign graduates into the labor market. Our interview subjects were employees working with the project and participants who had recently completed their training in Korta vägen. The questions have been how particapants and employees talk about the project and how discourses through speech can be distinguished. In our result we present eight different discourses that we have been able to extract from our empirical material. The discourses deals with the subjects culture, language, networking, pedagogy, socioeconomics, practice and therapeutical relations. The results also show how the majority of the discourses have been able to be connected to swedishness and also what significance swedishness has on people's opportunities on the swedish labor market. Finally we problematized how exclusion in the Swedish labor market is embedded in our social structure and how we unawarely sustain and reproduce this exclusion. This has been done with the help of discourse analysis-theories by Foucault, Derrida, Berger and Luckmann.

This study presents an account of experiences of recent immigrant women professionals in negotiating labour market opportunities after arriving in Canada. The purpose of this research is to bring in immigrant women’s perspectives on immigration and employment study. Six immigrant women professionals from different cultural backgrounds were interviewed within the framework of qualitative research. Informed by feminist theories, this study intended to make women’s experience in post-arrival integration and settlement more visible and prominent. Research findings indicate both labour market and household factors contributed to shape the labour market experience of immigrant women professionals of recent years. Their experiences reveal the complicated social relations of their doubly burdened and triply oppressed location.