Irimia Cervera, J. (2015). Analisis de los Servicios y Aplicaciones LBS. Desarrollo de una plataforma de apoyo para la gestión de procesos y localización de personas [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/48879 / TESIS

Congestion is a major problem in most metropolitan areas and given the increasingrate of urbanization it is likely to be an even more serious problem in the rapidlyexpanding mega cities. One possible method to combat congestion is to provide in-telligent traffic management systems that can in a timely manner inform drivers aboutcurrent or predicted traffic congestions that are relevant to them on their journeys. Thedetection of traffic congestion and the determination of whom to send in advance no-tifications about the detected congestions is the objective of the present research. Byadopting a grid based discretization of space, the proposed system extracts and main-tains traffic flow statistics and mobility statistics from the grid based recent trajectoriesof moving objects, and captures periodical spatio-temporal changes in the traffic flowsand movements by managing statistics for relevant temporal domain projections, i.e.,hour-of-day and day-of-week. Then, the proposed system identifies a directional con-gestion as a cell and its immediate neighbor, where the speed and flow of the objectsthat have moved from the neighbor to the cell significantly deviates from the histori-cal speed and flow statistics. Subsequently, based on one of two notification criteria,namely, Mobility Statistic Criterion (MSC) and Linear Movement Criterion (LMC),the system decides which objects are likely to be affected by the identified conges-tions and sends out notifications to the corresponding objects such that the numberof false negative (missed) and false positive (unnecessary) notifications is minimized.The thesis discusses the design and DBMS-based implementation of the proposedsystem. Empirical evaluations on realistically simulated trajectory data assess the ac-curacy of the methods and test the scalability of the system for varying input sizes andparameter settings. The accuracy assessment results show that the MSC based systemachieves an optimal performance with a true positive notification rate of 0.67 and afalse positive notification rate of 0.05 when min prob equals to 0.35, which is superiorto the performance of the LMC based system. The execution time of- and the spaceused by the system scales linearly with the input size (number of concurrently movingvehicles) and the methods mutually dependent parameters (grid resolution r and RTlength l) that jointly define a spatio-temporal resolution. Within the area of a large  city (40km by 40km), assuming a 60km/h average vehicle speed, the system, runningon a commodity personal computer, can manage the described congestion detectionand three-minute-ahead notification tasks within real-time requirements for 2000 and20000 concurrently moving vehicles for spatio-temporal resolutions (r=100m, l=19)and (r=2km, l=3), respectively.

Skapandeprocesser i kreativa gymnasiet LBSDen här studien är en kvalitativ intervjustudie som undersöker lärares uppfattning av lärande ikreativa gymnasiet LBS (Ljud och Bild Skolan). Undersökningen har som utgångspunkt i hurlärare använder sig av olika metoder och uppläggning i sin undervisning för att motivera elevernai sina kreativa skapandeprocesser. I studien undersöks även vilka hinder och utmaningar somlärarna stöter på i sin undervisning. Resultatet visar att lärarna inom kreativa skolan LBS användersig av visuella medier i både analogt och digitalt skapande. Övervägande antalet lärare som deltogi studien är inte legitimerade utan lärare som har kunskaper från arbetslivet inom kreativa yrken,detta är något som lärarna själva påpekar och upplever.Informanterna menar att utbildningen ger eleverna många valmöjligheter efter gymnasiet med enhögskolebehörighet i ryggsäcken. Alla lärare i denna undersökning är överens om vikten av ettgörande eller en annan yttre stimulus som likt en retning kan sätta igång ett tänkande. Enligt lärarnai studien på den kreativa skolan bygger skapande på förmågan att generera nya idéer och modetatt våga låta eleverna arbeta tidigt med skarpa projekt med full kraft. Det finns ett behov vad gällerlärarens kompetens till fortbildning i ny digital teknik för att uppmuntra elevinitiativen och ökaderas motivation. Lärarna menar att den förmågan ökar elevernas självförtroende i deras studieroch i arbetslivet inom den hårt konkurrerade mediabranschen som snabbt förändras.

Skapandeprocesser i kreativa gymnasiet LBSDen här studien är en kvalitativ intervjustudie som undersöker lärares uppfattning av lärande ikreativa gymnasiet LBS (Ljud och Bild Skolan). Undersökningen har som utgångspunkt i hurlärare använder sig av olika metoder och uppläggning i sin undervisning för att motivera eleverna i sina kreativa skapandeprocesser. I studien undersöks även vilka hinder och utmaningar somlärarna stöter på i sin undervisning. Resultatet visar att lärarna inom kreativa skolan LBS använder sig av visuella medier i både analogt och digitalt skapande. Övervägande antalet lärare som deltog i studien är inte legitimerade utan lärare som har kunskaper från arbetslivet inom kreativa yrken, detta är något som lärarna själva påpekar och upplever.Informanterna menar att utbildningen ger eleverna många valmöjligheter efter gymnasiet med en högskolebehörighet i ryggsäcken. Alla lärare i denna undersökning är överens om vikten av ett görande eller en annan yttre stimulus som likt en retning kan sätta igång ett tänkande. Enligt lärarna i studien på den kreativa skolan bygger skapande på förmågan att generera nya idéer och modet att våga låta eleverna arbeta tidigt med skarpa projekt med full kraft. Det finns ett behov vad gäller lärarens kompetens till fortbildning i ny digital teknik för att uppmuntra elevinitiativen och öka deras motivation. Lärarna menar att den förmågan ökar elevernas självförtroende i deras studier och i arbetslivet inom den hårt konkurrerade mediabranschen som snabbt förändras.Nyckelord: digitala verktyg, kreativa gymnasiet LBS, kvalitativa intervjuer, lärandeskapandeprocessen

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Im Rahmen eines grossangelegten Modernisierungsprogramms des CERN Beschleunigerkomplexes zur Steigerung der Intensität der Protonenstrahlen wird in einer ersten Phase der Protonenbeschleuniger Linac2 durch einen H− Ionen Beschleuniger Linac4 ersetzt. Um den Ionenstrahl an die einzelnen Beschleunigerelemente des Linac4 anzupassen sind drei Strahltransportsektionen notwendig. Diese sind aufgrund ihrer strahldynamischen Eigenschaften sensitive Stellen für ungewolltes Emittanzwachstum und Teilchenverluste und sind im Schwerpunkt dieser Thesis. Die erste Strahltransportsektion, „Low Energy Beam Transport”(LEBT), befindet sich zwischen der Teilchenquelle und dem ersten Beschleunigerelement, den Radiofrequency Quadrupole (RFQ). Im Rahmen dieser Thesis wurde das LEBT in Betrieb genommen, dessen Strahldynamik rekonstruiert und die Leistungslimitierungen experimentell bestimmt. Der zweite Teil der Thesis ist auf die Auslegung und Strahldynamik der Transfer Linie zwischen Linac4 und dem Proton Synchrotron Booster(PS-Booster) konzentriert. Die Strahldynamik der Transferlinie wurde optimiert und teilweise komplett überarbeitet. Die neue Transferlinie zeichnet sich durch eine verbesserte Emittanzerhaltung, höhere Stabilität der Strahldynamik gegenüber Aufstellungsfehlern und Feldjittern der Magnete und durch eine optimale Anpassung der Strahlparameter an die verschiedenen Injektionsschemata des PS-Boosters aus. Für eine abschließenden „Start-To-End” Simulationen wurden die Strahlcharakteristiken, die bei der Inbetriebnahme des LEBTs bestimmt worden sind, als Anfangsbedingungen für die strahldynamische Simulation von Linac4 einschließlich Transferlinie genutzt. Mit Hilfe dieser „Start-To-End” Simulationen werden kritische Positionen der Strahldynamik identifiziert, die durch Teilchenverluste oder Emittanzwachstum gekennzeichnet sind. Eine besonders kritische Sektion stellt das „Medium Energy Beam Transport” da, dessen Optik auf die neuen Strahlparameter angepasst werden musste. / In the first phase of the upgrade program of the CERN accelerator complex the proton injector Linac2 will be replaced by a new, normal-conducting H− ion Linac, Linac4, allowing a significant increase of the proton flux intensity along the downstream accelerator complex. In the design of Linac4 three beam transport sections are implemented to match the beam between the different accelerator elements and to model the longitudinal pulse structure. These three beam transport sections, which are the most critical locations in terms of beam quality preservation, are in the focus of this thesis. During the work of this thesis the Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), which is required to match the source beam to the radiofrequency quadrupole (RFQ), has been commissioned and its beam dynamics re-constructed. The measurement campaign used to reconstruct the LEBT beam dynamics was performed with the aim to prepare the RFQ commissioning and to maximise the LEBT performance. Downstream of the Linac4 accelerator the beam is transported along a 180m long transfer line to the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PS-Booster). The transfer line optics was studied, optimised and sections were completely re-designed. The new transfer line optics is characterised by an improved preservation of the beam emittance, higher stability of the optical solution with respect to alignment errors and field jitters of the transfer line magnets and it is matched to each of the PS-Booster injection schemes. In a concluding ”Start-To-End” simulation based on the measured beam characteristics at the LEBT exit the beam dynamics of the downstream Linac, including the transfer line, was calculated. To minimise particle losses within acceptable emittance preservation the beam optics of the Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) was adapted to the measured beam parameters. This ”Start-To-End” simulation was performed to identify critical sections of the Linac4 beam dynamics and to adjust the commissioning strategies.

As redes digitais demonstraram ser uma solução eficaz em automação. A conexão de diferentes módulos de diferentes fabricantes em um único barramento para a troca de dados e controle é um desafio para a indústria brasileira de máquinas agrícolas, apesar desta tecnologia estar consolidada em automóveis, aeronaves e em chão de fábrica. As vantagens obtidas com redes digitais são evidentes, porém necessitam de implementação de protocolos de redes. Na área agrícola, a norma internacional ISO 11783 apresenta forte potencial para tornar-se referência de padrão para a troca de dados entre módulos em tratores e implementos agrícolas. Esta norma, também conhecida como ISOBUS, está no estágio avançado de desenvolvimento. Contém quatorze documentos e o seu desenvolvimento está apoiado por grupos denominados \"Força Tarefa\", na Europa, nos EUA e recentemente no Brasil. Implementações deste padrão já estão sendo apresentadas no mercado internacional, em feiras e demonstrações de aplicação desta tecnologia. O Brasil deve investir e dominar a tecnologia, em busca de compatibilidade internacional tanto no ponto de vista tecnológico como comercial. Neste contexto, este trabalho encoraja o desenvolvimento nacional em aplicações com a norma ISOBUS, apresentando dois estudos de casos, cujos módulos comunicam com equipamentos de mercado compatíveis com a norma. Estas experiências práticas complementam trabalhos acadêmicos relativos a este tema, que surgiram nos últimos anos no Brasil. / The digital networks demonstrated to be an effective solution in automation. The connection of different modules from different manufacturers into a single bus for the exchange of data and control is a challenge for the agricultural machinery Brazilian industry, although this technology is consolidated in automobiles, aircraft and the factory floor. The benefits obtained with digital networks are obvious, but they need implementation of protocols networks. In the agricultural area, the international standard ISO 11783 shows strong potential to become the reference standard for the exchange of data between modules on tractors and agricultural implements. This standard, also known as ISOBUS, is in the advanced stage of development. It contains fourteen documents and its development is supported by groups called \"Task Force\" in Europe, USA, and recently in Brazil. Implementations of this standard are now being presented in the international market, in fairs and demonstrations of application of this technology. Brazil should invest and dominate the technology, to inquire after international compatibility in both the technological point of view as commercial. In this context, this work encourages the national development in applications with ISOBUS standard, presenting two studies of cases, whose modules communicate with equipment market compatible with the standard. These practical experiences complement academic works on this subject, which emerged in recent years in Brazil.

As redes digitais demonstraram ser uma solução eficaz em automação. A conexão de diferentes módulos de diferentes fabricantes em um único barramento para a troca de dados e controle é um desafio para a indústria brasileira de máquinas agrícolas, apesar desta tecnologia estar consolidada em automóveis, aeronaves e em chão de fábrica. As vantagens obtidas com redes digitais são evidentes, porém necessitam de implementação de protocolos de redes. Na área agrícola, a norma internacional ISO 11783 apresenta forte potencial para tornar-se referência de padrão para a troca de dados entre módulos em tratores e implementos agrícolas. Esta norma, também conhecida como ISOBUS, está no estágio avançado de desenvolvimento. Contém quatorze documentos e o seu desenvolvimento está apoiado por grupos denominados \"Força Tarefa\", na Europa, nos EUA e recentemente no Brasil. Implementações deste padrão já estão sendo apresentadas no mercado internacional, em feiras e demonstrações de aplicação desta tecnologia. O Brasil deve investir e dominar a tecnologia, em busca de compatibilidade internacional tanto no ponto de vista tecnológico como comercial. Neste contexto, este trabalho encoraja o desenvolvimento nacional em aplicações com a norma ISOBUS, apresentando dois estudos de casos, cujos módulos comunicam com equipamentos de mercado compatíveis com a norma. Estas experiências práticas complementam trabalhos acadêmicos relativos a este tema, que surgiram nos últimos anos no Brasil. / The digital networks demonstrated to be an effective solution in automation. The connection of different modules from different manufacturers into a single bus for the exchange of data and control is a challenge for the agricultural machinery Brazilian industry, although this technology is consolidated in automobiles, aircraft and the factory floor. The benefits obtained with digital networks are obvious, but they need implementation of protocols networks. In the agricultural area, the international standard ISO 11783 shows strong potential to become the reference standard for the exchange of data between modules on tractors and agricultural implements. This standard, also known as ISOBUS, is in the advanced stage of development. It contains fourteen documents and its development is supported by groups called \"Task Force\" in Europe, USA, and recently in Brazil. Implementations of this standard are now being presented in the international market, in fairs and demonstrations of application of this technology. Brazil should invest and dominate the technology, to inquire after international compatibility in both the technological point of view as commercial. In this context, this work encourages the national development in applications with ISOBUS standard, presenting two studies of cases, whose modules communicate with equipment market compatible with the standard. These practical experiences complement academic works on this subject, which emerged in recent years in Brazil.

The diploma thesis is focused on Location Based Services technology and its use in the field of citizen activism. The aim of thesis is to define field of citizen activism and its old and new form, moreover to describe how LBS work. In the practical part is presented multi-case study which analyses 5 examples of use LBS as a medium for new forms of civic activism (project Let's Do It 2008, project Uchaguzi, project ESRI Australian Flood Map, application Appapa and Occupy Wall Street movement). Thesis also contained conceptual draft of application, which uses LBS for fulfilment of activist goals. The possible ways of progress of LBS are described in the last part.

本論文所探討的是利用智慧型行動裝置，如手機、平板電腦，以及未來可能大量普及的穿戴式眼鏡，打造一行動體驗行銷平台，並藉此平台設計一商業模式，使得消費者可以獲得四加一的體驗，包含：娛樂的、美學的、教育的、跳脫現實的，與參與的體驗。而商家在消費者參與遊戲的同時達到了吸客上門的目的，提高了能見度、傳達設計的訊息，同時也提高了購買意願。 此平台提供簡單易懂、自由創作的工具，只要利用智慧型行動裝置即可打造專屬的擴增實境行動服務。消費者可以建立自己所設計的故事與遊戲；商家也可以藉由平台設計遊戲應用軟體，將品牌精神、產品價值融入其中，藉以提高顧客關係，並達到行銷的目的。 / The objective of this study is to report a plan of an innovative business model on mobile devices. The business model is to provide a smart platform for businesses and individuals to conduct experience marketing. Applying the concept of gamification this platform can facilitate the design of the gaming applications and to attract a flow of users to visit the designated locations. This business model makes customers indulging in four plus one experiences including: entertainment, esthetic, educational, escapist, and engagement. The designers of the games can achieve the purpose of raising brand image, delivering key messages, and increasing visits. This platform provides simple and easy-to-understand tools. Users can build their own location-based game applications with augmented reality (AR) technology to enhance the experience of virtual/real challenges. Not only individuals can create their own games but also businesses can develop their own game applications embedded with brand spirit and product value to strengthen customer relationship.