Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T21:42:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adalberto Bertaggia.pdf: 911764 bytes, checksum: ffbca2def9a4cbeab0a36b1a70410434 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-17 / The use of the production lean concepts in the logistics creates competitive advantage for the companies, especially for logistics operators. In the automotive industry, the practice of such concepts is widely used. The application of the lean supply concept may imply a simple understanding of restriction of vendors and reduction of the stock levels through the increase of frequency of supply deliveries. However, this is may be an erroneous vision, because the lean system consists of the analysis of elimination of waste of a entire process. The objective of this dissertation was to accomplish an exploratory study on the decisive aspects of the success in the implantation of the lean concept in the logistics and its application in the distribution of pieces of a automotive company, through an logistic operator. The methodology used in this work is a bibliographical revision and the immersion in an environment of operation logistics in a warehouse of an automotive industry of distribution of parts to the dealers, where the author acts as agent for improvement of the processes operational in loco. The results showed an increase in productivity of operations, as well as a reduction of area used and the lead time of orders placed.(AU) / A utilização dos conceitos Lean de produção na logística é tida como um diferencial na criação de vantagem competitiva pelas empresas, inclusive por operadores logísticos. Na indústria automotiva, a prática de tais conceitos é utilizada de forma ampla. O conceito de se ter um sistema enxuto de fornecimento pode levar ao simples entendimento de restrição de fornecedores e redução dos níveis de estoque através do aumento de freqüência das entregas, contudo esta é uma visão distorcida quando falamos de sistema enxuto, pois o sistema enxuto trata da análise de eliminação de desperdício de todo o sistema envolvido em um processo. O objetivo desta dissertação foi de realizar um estudo exploratório sobre os aspectos determinantes do sucesso na implantação do conceito de logística lean e sua aplicação na logística de distribuição de peças de uma empresa automotiva, através de um operador logístico. A metodologia utilizada para a neste trabalho é uma revisão bibliográfica e a imersão em um ambiente de operação logística terceirizada em um depósito de uma indústria automotiva de distribuição de peças à rede autorizada, onde o autor atua como agente para melhoria dos processos operacionais in loco. Como resultado foi observado um aumento na produtividade das operações, bem como uma redução de área utilizada e do tempo de resposta dos pedidos colocados.(AU)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2352.pdf: 370336 bytes, checksum: 02d51c8cfdcc6c4474f9515bb07a73f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-27 / Since first contact with Lean Manufacturing, western scientists have been struggling to understand the philosophy and replicate Toyota s benefits. Lean at the industrial environment is well explored and understood. The actual challenge is the expansion to the non-manufacturing arena. This work uses Lean Thinking to solve a sales problem by using its basic principles to reduce demand variability at direct business-to-consumer sales of complex-type buying behavior. Following methodological considerations, the first step towards making up for the research problem was to set Lean Thinking as a Research Program in the molds of Lakatos (1979) providing a common ground for the expansion of its concepts. Second step, covered at chapter three and with rhythm as its fundamental element, was the construction of the proposed method aimed at stabilizing demand through expanding Lean Thinking s principles to sales front-office. This method has been illustrated at chapter four by describing the implementation of the seven proposed steps in a real company over a two year period. Despite this work has not used quantitative or experimental approaches, the proposed method seems to have potential of reducing demand variability in direct business-to-consumer sales. Future research work might test effectiveness of the method by applying it at similar to studied companies or use the Research Program elaborated at chapter two as a foundation to expand Lean Thinking to other non-manufacturing areas, be them sales-related or not. / Desde os primeiros contatos com a Manufatura Enxuta, pesquisadores do mundo ocidental vêm se esforçando para entender esta filosofia e replicar os benefícios obtidos pela Toyota. A aplicação no ambiente industrial já foi bastante explorada, sendo que o desafio atual é o de expandir seu uso a ambientes não-manufatureiros. Este trabalho trata da aplicação da Mentalidade Enxuta a um problema de vendas, utilizando seus princípios básicos com o objetivo de estabilizar a demanda em vendas diretas empresaconsumidor com comportamento de compra tipo complexo. Feitas as considerações metodológicas, o primeiro passo no sentido de realizar o problema de pesquisa foi a caracterização da Mentalidade Enxuta como um Programa de Pesquisa, nos moldes sugeridos por Lakatos (1979), construindo a base para expansão dos seus conceitos. O segundo passo, desenvolvido no capítulo três e tendo o estabelecimento de ritmo como elemento central, foi a construção do método proposto para estabilizar a demanda por meio da expansão da mentalidade enxuta para o front-office da área de vendas. Este método proposto foi ilustrado no capítulo quatro por meio da sua aplicação a um caso prático, no qual uma empresa implementou os sete passos propostos ao longo de dois anos. Apesar desse trabalho não utilizar abordagens quantitativas ou experimentais, o método proposto parece ter potencial para estabilizar a demanda em vendas diretas empresa-consumidor. Trabalhos futuros podem testar a eficácia do método aplicando-o em empresas similares à estudada ou utilizar o programa de pesquisa estruturado no capítulo dois como base para a expansão da mentalidade enxuta a outras áreas nãomanufatureiras, seja a de vendas ou não.

This research addresses, from the lean thinking standpoint, the product development process (PDP) and the project process for multifamily vertical residences of the real estate development market. The concept phase and the production phase became farther apart, so there are numerous professionals employed on different stages and functions, but without proper integration among them. Integration amongst those involved in the construction process improves the quality of the project, adds value and eliminates losses. However, traditional project managing is obsolete because: (1) it does not consider the workflow; (2) it does not consider the predictability of the workflow; and (3) it does not measure the planning systemâs performance. To do a project using the lean concept includes a new way of thinking (lean) and incorporates new tools or work methods. Therefore, this paper proposes the following research question: how to improve the project process and the PDP in real estate ventures by applying the philosophy of lean thinking? Aiming at resolving the research question, this paperâs goal is to propose guidelines to increase efficiency of product development process and real estate developmentâs project process, based on the philosophy of lean thinking. As theoretical basis for this work, a review study was conducted on the literature related to planning methods and control of project process, real estate PDP, on the new production (lean thinking) and project (lean design) philosophy, and also on Building Information Modeling (BIM). This is a qualitative research of applied nature. The research strategy used was an exploratory-descriptive analysis of multiple case studies, which came from cases of development and construction companies that already adopt lean construction in their production process. After the collection and the analysis, guidelines were suggested to improve the project process and the real estate PDP. The applicability of the guidelines is conditioned to the specificities of the companies analyzed here, though not compromising their use in other construction and development companies with similar characteristics. From this paper, other companies can evaluate their maturity level with regards to lean processes and create stages and goals to attain the optimum point of PDP and real estate project design. / Esta pesquisa aborda o processo de desenvolvimento de produto (PDP) e o processo de projeto do mercado de incorporaÃÃo imobiliÃria residencial multifamiliar vertical, sob a Ãtica do pensamento enxuto. As etapas de concepÃÃo e de produÃÃo tornaram-se mais distantes entre si, havendo diversos profissionais alocados em etapas e funÃÃes diferentes e sem uma devida integraÃÃo entre eles. A integraÃÃo entre as diferentes partes envolvidas na construÃÃo melhora a qualidade do projeto, agregando valor e eliminando perdas. Contudo, o gerenciamento de projetos tradicional à obsoleto, pois: (1) nÃo considera o fluxo do trabalho; (2) nÃo considera a previsibilidade do fluxo de trabalho; e (3) nÃo mede o desempenho do sistema de planejamento. A elaboraÃÃo de projeto utilizando o conceito lean inclui um novo pensamento (enxuto) e a incorporaÃÃo de diferentes ferramentas ou mÃtodos de trabalho. Assim, este trabalho propÃe a seguinte questÃo de pesquisa: como melhorar o processo de projeto e o PDP em empreendimentos imobiliÃrios atravÃs da filosofia do pensamento enxuto? Visando atender à questÃo de pesquisa, o objetivo deste trabalho à propor diretrizes para aumentar a eficiÃncia do processo de desenvolvimento do produto e do processo de projeto de empreendimentos imobiliÃrios, tomando como base a filosofia do pensamento enxuto. Foi realizada uma revisÃo bibliogrÃfica relacionada aos mÃtodos de planejamento e controle do processo de projeto, PDP imobiliÃrio, a nova filosofia de produÃÃo (pensamento enxuto) e de projeto (lean design) e Building Information Modeling (BIM) como embasamento teÃrico da pesquisa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de natureza aplicada. A estratÃgia de pesquisa adotada foi o estudo de caso mÃltiplo, com carÃter exploratÃriodescritivo. Os estudos de caso foram realizados em empresas incorporadoras e construtoras que jà adotam a construÃÃo enxuta em seu processo produtivo. ApÃs as etapas de coleta e anÃlise, foram propostas diretrizes para melhoria do processo de projeto e PDP imobiliÃrio. A aplicabilidade das diretrizes fica condicionada Ãs especificidades das empresas pesquisadas sem comprometer a aplicaÃÃo em outras empresas construtoras e incorporadoras com caracterÃsticas semelhantes. A partir desse trabalho, outras empresas podem avaliar o grau de maturidade quanto a processos enxutos e trilhar etapas e metas de evoluÃÃo atà um ponto Ãtimo de PDP e de projeto imobiliÃrio.

Esta dissertação tem como foco a aplicação da metodologia enxuta, em um ambiente de trabalho público-administrativo, usando as técnicas do sistema de gerenciamento Lean Office. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar e combater os desperdícios encontrados no processo de atendimento a clientes externos para diminuir o tempo de processamento dos pedidos de prestação de serviços recebidos pelo Laboratório de Integração e Testes (LIT), do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), em São José dos Campos SP. O trabalho foi realizado em três etapas, sendo iniciado com a metodologia do Mapeamento do Fluxo de Valor (MFV), usada para descrever os estágios do processo em estudo e identificar oportunidades potenciais de melhoria. A seguir, utilizando-se os fundamentos da metodologia kaizen, foi desenvolvido um plano de ação que norteou a implantação de novas rotinas operacionais. Na terceira etapa, finalmente, o MFV foi revisado para refletir as melhorias consideradas e delinear o estado futuro do processo. Usadas de maneira integrada, estas metodologias orientaram o desenvolvimento de novos procedimentos operacionais, que possibilitaram reduzir em 22% (equivalente a aproximadamente três dias de trabalho) o tempo de processamento dos pedidos. / This dissertation focuses on the application of lean methodology in a public administration work environment, using the techniques of Lean Office management system. The objective of this research was to identify and combat the waste found in the attendance of the customers of the Integration and Test Laboratory (LIT), the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in Sao Jose dos Campos - SP by reducing the orders processing time. The work was conducted in three stages, starting with the methodology of Value Stream Mapping (VSM), used to describe the stages of the process under study and identify potential opportunities for improvement. Then, using the kaizen methodological basis, an action plan was developed to drive the implementation of new operational routines. In the third stage, finally, the VSM was revised to reflect the improvements considered and outline the future state of the process. Used in an integrated manner, these methodologies guided the development of new operational procedures, that enabled 22% reduction (equivalent to three working days approximately) in the orders processing time.

This thesis aims at investigating the level of service at departure area of KKIA. The study further measures the perceived quality of service and passenger satisfaction in term of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy by using five steps of lean six sigma (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control). The study aims to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of using a lean six-sigma managerial approach to the departure area of KKIA to enhance the level of service (LOS) and customer satisfaction. The passenger flow through the airport is used to measure the quality of services. Existing studies that discuss lean six-sigma implementation in airports were evaluated. Data was collected about KKIA departure area and its LOS both before and after the lean six-sigma implementation. Additionally, a SERVQUAL questionnaire was used to evaluate pre- and post-implementation review. The questionnaire features easy-to-collect data to measuring the perceived quality of service and evaluate passenger satisfaction with the LOS in KKIA. Before the study concepts of LOS and Lean was unheard within the airport community. Initial evaluation show poor customer service and many delays (waste) within the departure are at KKIA. During the study a growing awareness of Lean and LOS showed improvements in the customers’ experience, e.g, removing the shop at the entrance, improving flow thought the airport. Concluding the study, there was a total reduction in waiting from 54.74 minutes to 34.87 minutes (35.7% reduction). Also the LOS on the IATA Performance Standard went from E (Inadequate) to C (Good). This is improvement, excellent but without continuous improvements the Airport’s LOS will reduce back as passenger numbers grow from 16 million passengers per year (up from 9.8 million in 2004), to an expected 25 million by 2025. Interesting different cultural approaches to lean management became evident during the study when compared to other implementations in Europe to the Middle East. Cultural difference will always affected the reliability of the results. However, by considering these cultural effects in answering questions and interviews, the lean implementation was still successful. As culture changes are ongoing, evaluation of the situation at KKIA is required for ongoing improvements. Best-practice for the continued improvement of ongoing lean management is suggested for the departure area at KKIA. These key strategies and best-practice approaches are useful to future implementations at other airports.

Substantial benefits can be achieved through the adoption of lean type thinking earlier at the design stage to create more viable products. A complex design cannot be easily leaned out in production; therefore, the production of affordable and sustainable products requires effective lean design considerations at the conceptual level. The research presented in this thesis investigates and demonstrates the application of lean design for product enhancement. The aim of the research was to develop a novel lean design framework that would support the generation of product design with attributes such as maximise value, manufacturable, and operable with minimum waste and resources ensuring avoidable harm is eliminated. The framework consists of a systemised process which is organised in to phases and activities that provides a unique practical manner to lean out a design. The construction of the framework initiated with an extensive literature review and proceeded with an industrial field study which consisted of 34 interviews with 11 manufacturing companies in Europe. The findings were amalgamated to generate a lean design definition and principles which would form the foundations of the framework. A real-life industrial case study of an offshore oil/water separator was used to validate the framework. In conclusion, the lean design framework provides the necessary means by which a lean design can be achieved. As a result a functionally viable and enhanced design that is cheaper to manufacture through controlling waste and eliminating avoidable harm occurrence can be realised with minimal effort. The research makes the following contributions: (1) identification of essential elements in lean design, (2) generation of a lean design definition and principles, (3) Lean Design Framework development and (4) illustrative guidelines based on the framework to be used by designers in realising a lean product design.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-06-01T14:03:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Chang Chih Kuo.pdf: 2616110 bytes, checksum: be64d229df1b1083f497d703a37dbdf5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-01T14:03:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Chang Chih Kuo.pdf: 2616110 bytes, checksum: be64d229df1b1083f497d703a37dbdf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / As the market becomes more competitive, more companies strive to improve efficiency and productivity. As a result, waste elimination using techniques and tools based on the approach of Lean Manufacturing focused on Lean Thinking becomes an alternative for companies. In order to achieve this condition, a main step is the development and training of colaborator. In recent years, Active Learning methodology have shown a potential application in training, through methods and techniques that encourage greater interaction of participants in analysis and problems solving listed, and checked application cases in the automotive industry. The objective of this study is to research, evaluate and characterize aspects related to the dynamics of colaborators training of an organization in concepts of Lean Thinking by addressing the Active Learning methodology, preparing a proposal for a method of implementing development training in the segment of pharmaceutical industry. Based on the observations of training with a focus on simulation games, on the applications questionnaires to participants, on the interviews with experts from companies, as well as the use of other techniques of documentary analysis, this work has resulted in a method of training and capacity for the pharmaceutical segment. / À medida que o mercado se torna mais competitivo, um maior número de empresas se esforça em melhorar a eficiência e produtividade. Como resultado, a eliminação dos desperdícios utilizando técnicas e ferramentas baseadas na abordagem da Manufatura Enxuta (Lean Manufacturing) com enfoque na Mentalidade Enxuta (Lean Thinking) torna-se uma alternativa para as empresas. A fim de alcançar esta condição, um dos principais passos é o desenvolvimento e capacitação dos colaboradores. Nos últimos anos, as metodologias de Aprendizagem Ativa (Active Learning) têm mostrado potencial de aplicação em treinamentos, através de métodos e técnicas que estimulam uma maior interação dos participantes voltada à análise e solução dos problemas elencados, sendo verificados casos de aplicação na indústria automotiva. O objetivo deste trabalho é pesquisar, avaliar e caracterizar aspectos relacionados à dinâmica de capacitação de colaboradores de uma organização em conceitos da Mentalidade Enxuta, através da abordagem da metodologia de Aprendizagem Ativa, elaborando uma proposta de método para implementação em treinamentos de capacitação no segmento da indústria farmacêutica. Com base nas observações de treinamentos com enfoque em jogos de simulação, nas aplicações de questionários aos participantes, em entrevistas com especialistas das empresas, bem como a utilização de outras técnicas de análises documentais, este trabalho resultou em um método de treinamento e capacitação para o segmento farmacêutico.

Lean Thinking has been widely implemented in various industries in the production context. Lately a number of companies in the service sector have developed lean systems within their organisations to improve efficiency, productivity, and quality of their services. In our study we are putting forward an approach for operational excellence using Lean Thinking principals in the public service context. The study was performed at the Swedish Tax Agency and the main process examined was mail-returns handling process, the main goal was to improve business process by eliminating non value adding activities within the mail-returns handling process. A thorough investigation of the Swedish Tax Agency process was carried out, primary (core) business process was identified. We examined the supporting processes and how they can affect the primary process performance, and we defined the activities associated with mail-returns handling process and the costs incurred, which led to having a fact-sheet that examined the entire process. Process mapping for the current state was carried out and Root Cause Analyses was performed. We identified root causes of the problem and process elements with high improvement potential, and we presented an optimisation proposal for the current state. Based on the optimisation proposal, an improvement proposal for the whole process was developed. Some of the notable attributes of this redesigned strategy were substantial cost savings and reduced process time. The proposal was approved by the Swedish tax agency and practical implementation is initiated.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / The fast food industry, specifically the service department, has experienced sustainable economic growth and has evolved in the application of substantial methods, however, it has presented a slowdown due to deficient operation level provided in the customer service area. A large number of customers do not make the purchase owing to a series of unmet trends that face the consumer behaviour which leads to significant economic losses and inefficient service. They have therefore focused their efforts on finding impulse mechanisms through allowing them to migrate to less costly processes and/or to achieve better utilisation of available resources without success. This research inquires into the effectiveness of the Lean Thinking Simulation (LTS) model, which consists in the development of a set of methodological phases and the adaptation of the technological support termed as Digital Change to improve the performance of customer service in Peruvian fast food. The main result of this practical study was defined by a Dashboard in real-time, and as a first approximation of the model, a 17.03% improvement can be shown in the performance of customer service on the fast food selected. / Revisión por pares

Thermally modified wood (TMW) contains no toxic components and is recommended for its durability, levels of equilibrium of moisture content, and dimensional stability performance. A limitation of TMW is the lack of market acceptance and products due to insufficient information regarding the performance of commercially available products. The goal of this project was to improve the market penetration and industrial processes of TMW. The first objective was to study the perception of TMW products from architects in North America using a survey instrument. Results revealed that information regarding TMW is not reaching the audience for TMW, and that providing knowledge regarding technical and marketing aspects of TMW is essential to increase the market share. The second objective consisted of the evaluation of the variability of the physical and mechanical properties of three thermally treated species manufactured in North America. Results showed that the performance of the commercially produced material was similar among the three companies, where only in seven out of 24 properties had statistical differences. Properties that were significantly different, did not have large enough differences in means to be realistically noticed by customers and all were highly different from untreated wood. The final objective involved the implementation of Lean thinking to the manufacturing process of TMW with the goal of improving the process with a direct impact on cost and waste reductions. Three companies were used as case studies for the production process. The implementation of Lean thinking in the process proposed a reduction in lead times from 55.47 days to 23.20 days, with an increase in value-added activities from 1% to 6%. Most of these gains were obtained through a reduction in inventory levels. / Master of Science / Thermally modified wood (TMW) contains no toxic components and is recommended for its durability, levels of equilibrium of moisture content, and dimensional stability performance. The current market for TMW encounters a lack market acceptance, due to insufficient information and performance measures. The main goal of this study was to increase market penetration and study the industrial processes for manufacturing TMW, using three specifics objectives. For the first objective, a survey was conducted to study the perception of TMW among architects. The results showed a that there was a lack of information regarding the technical and marketing aspects of TMW products, which needs to be addressed by distributors and producers. The second objective consisted of the evaluation of the variability of mechanical and physical properties of three thermally treated species manufactured in North America. The results showed that the performance from the commercial processes were similar, where only seven out of 24 cases showed statistical differences based on the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The final objective consisted of a Lean process strategy to produce TMW, improving the process with a direct impact on cost and waste reduction. To study the production process, three case study companies were used. The proposed Lean process reduced the lead times and value-added activities increased. The primary gain was seen in reducing inventory levels.