Émile Zola rend compte de sa vision du progrès scientifique établie en concordance avec la doctrine littéraire du naturalisme et le contexte historico-scientifique du Second Empire français, dans le contexte sociologique d’exode rural de cette fin du XIXe siècle caractérisant les campagnes françaises. En alliant ces trois données déterminantes, Zola est parvenu à nous livrer une oeuvre forte recélant un certain type de scientificité, non conforme aux canons idéaux littéraires et sociaux de l’époque. Il s’appuie sur les doctrines de la méthode expérimentale de Claude Bernard et de l’hérédité de Prosper Lucas et d’autres médecins. La prédominance des champs sémantiques scientifique, héréditaire, alcoolique et violent détermine l’emploi d’un vocabulaire général basé sur des thématiques et des réseaux lexicaux particuliers. Le paysan est dépeint comme violent, ignorant, inéduqué, païen, alcoolique, animalesque, ayant l’esprit de clan et porté au lucre. Zola oppose la science et la religion pour la promotion de ses idées progressistes. / Émile Zola tells his vision about the scientific progress in concordance with the literary doctrine of naturalism and the historical and scientific context of the Second French Empire, in the sociological context of the rural exodus of the end of the nineteenth century characterizing the French contryside. Combining these three decisive facts, Zola manages to deliver a strong masterpiece containing a type of scientificity non conforming to the ideal literary and social canons of the time. He relies on Claude Bernard’s doctrines of experimental method and Prosper Lucas’heredity and the others medical practitioners. The predominance of scientific, hereditary, alcoholic and violent semantic fields defines the use of common vocabulary based on thematics and specific lexical networks. The peasant is depicted as a violent, ignorant, non educated, pagan, alcoholic, brutish, being clannish and attracted by the lucre. Zola oppose the science et the religion for promoting his progressive ideas.

The work attempts to contribute to mapping of the lexical field of HOLINESS in Old English prosaic texts. The lexical field in this work is represented by four adjectives (halig, gebletsod, gesælig, gehalgod) which are chosen from the Thesaurus of Old English. The mapping is conducted in the York-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English Prose by identifying morphological and syntactical categories of each adjective (predicative, attributive, postpositive functions, comparative and superlative forms; modification by adverbs) as well as the collocational sets (conceptual fields). The results then show the way in which the given adjectives differ in named categories.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-12-18T20:14:33Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Cristiano Curtis Eliassim - 2014.pdf: 1137557 bytes, checksum: c6b1020283887cad992d36e8ded4f074 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-12-22T11:12:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Cristiano Curtis Eliassim - 2014.pdf: 1137557 bytes, checksum: c6b1020283887cad992d36e8ded4f074 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-22T11:12:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Cristiano Curtis Eliassim - 2014.pdf: 1137557 bytes, checksum: c6b1020283887cad992d36e8ded4f074 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-09 / The use of language permeates the relationship between human beings and with the world around them, especially in the forms of naming objects, actions, feelings, sensations. Thus, it is possible to observe and analyze words and phrases that a person or group uses in its different activities. The economic, social and cultural issues of a people manifest themselves through the lexicon. When reading the work Tropas e Boiadas was possible to come across regarding the bushman work lexis with the troops and with the herds, enabling a lexical analysis of this corpus. Thus, the study of lexicon concerning professional activities on the work of Hugo de Carvalho Ramos that allows you to analyze how these words and expressions are manifested, at a particular time and space, making part of the language of this people and as a way of building their identity. A study that aims to analyze the language should consider the social and cultural contexts in which it occurs are basic elements and, often, determinants of its variations, explaining and justifying facts that only linguistically would be difficult or even impossible to be certain. In the specific case of the lexicon, the entire world view, ideology, the value systems and socio-cultural practices of human communities are reflected. This work intends to analyze words covering the professional activities of the cattle dealer drovers and cattle drivers in Tropas e Boiadas, which allows us to think of the intrinsic relationship between lexicon and culture. The development of lexicographic records as well as the organization of the lexis in lexical fields enables the verification of the meanings in the narratives, enabling a study of the relationship between lexicon and culture. In addition, this analysis backed the drafting of a glossary, which is very relevant in a job like this, identifying specific words of professional activities and their respective meanings in narratives, allowing a better understanding of the texts narrated describing different situations uses of language and making it possible to analyze the lexis in more detail / O uso da língua permeia a relação entre os seres humanos e destes com o mundo que os cerca, sobretudo nas formas de nomear objetos, ações, sentimentos, sensações. Assim, é possível observar e analisar palavras e expressões que uma pessoa ou grupo utiliza em suas diferentes atividades. As questões econômicas, sociais e culturais de um povo se manifestam através do léxico. Ao ler a obra Tropas e Boiadas foi possível deparar com lexias referentes ao trabalho do sertanejo com as tropas e com as boiadas, possibilitando uma análise léxica desse corpus. Assim, o estudo do léxico relativo às atividades profissionais na obra de Hugo de Carvalho Ramos permite analisar como estas palavras e expressões se manifestam, num determinado tempo e espaço, fazendo parte da linguagem desse povo e como forma da construção de sua identidade. Um estudo que se propõe a analisar a língua deve considerar que os contextos socioculturais em que ela ocorre são elementos básicos e, muitas vezes, determinantes de suas variações, explicando e justificando fatos que apenas linguisticamente seriam difíceis ou até impossíveis de serem determinados. No caso específico do léxico, toda a visão de mundo, a ideologia, os sistemas de valores e as práticas socioculturais das comunidades humanas são nele refletidas. Este trabalho se propõe a analisar palavras que recobrem as atividades profissionais dos tropeiros e condutores de gado na obra Tropas e Boiadas, o que nos permite pensar na relação intrínseca entre léxico e cultura. A elaboração de fichas lexicográficas bem como a organização das lexias em campos lexicais possibilita a verificação dos significados nas narrativas, permitindo um estudo da relação entre léxico e cultura. Além disso, esta análise oportuniza a elaboração de um glossário, que se faz muito pertinente em um trabalho como este, identificando palavras específicas das atividades profissionais e seus respectivos significados nas narrativas, permitindo compreender melhor os textos narrados, descrevendo situações distintas de usos da língua e possibilitando analisar as lexias de forma mais detalhada.

Submitted by Verena Pereira (verenagoncalves@uefs.br) on 2018-07-24T22:03:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o completa - cd.pdf: 8832700 bytes, checksum: 901441b40563e7d6f7e81dc8087e6e40 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-24T22:03:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o completa - cd.pdf: 8832700 bytes, checksum: 901441b40563e7d6f7e81dc8087e6e40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Abstract: Written records represent human thought and language, and from them it is possible to unravel the way of life of a society in a given period. Therefore, documentary collections are an invaluable source of philological-linguistic research. In this sense, we selected as corpus of this dissertation the crime of robbery followed by rape of Maria Francisca de Jesus and Maria dos Santos. It is a manuscript document with 56 folios, mostly written in the straight and verse, drafted in 1914, which is under the guardian of the Documentation and Research Center (CEDOC), located at the State University of Feira de Santana-BA. Thus, we undertake two main objectives: the first one, referring to the philological character, is about the fac-similar and semidiplomatic editions of the corpus, highlighting some paleographic and codicological aspects of the document. The second main objective, from the semidiplomatic edition, the lexical study based on Eug?nio Coseriu's Methodology of Lexical Fields (1977), evidencing the vocabulary of crime contained in the corpus, from which fifty-one lexias were selected. We highlight the use of the AntConc computational tool (ANTHONY, 2016) for the investigation of lexias referring to the field of crime, as well as contexts of occurrences. As a theoretical basis, in the philological area, we use authors such as Spina (1977 and 1994), Cambraia (2005), Spaggiari and Perugi (2004), among other references; in the lexicological area, in turn, we had as theoretical foundation Eugenio Coseriu ([1977] 1991 and 1987), Abbade (2006 and 2011), Mario Vilela (1994), Biderman (1981 and 1998), among others. We emphasize that we also discuss some socio-historical aspects related to violence in the city of Feira de Santana, according to the period that places the corpus. Concerning to the violence in the city of Feira de Santana, we use as references Poppino (1968), Oliveira (2000) and some newspaper clippings from Folha do Norte (1909-1913). Therefore, in making the facultative and semidiplomatic editions of the crime of robbery and rape, from the beginning of the twentieth century, we contributed to the non-deterioration of the document, facilitating the reading of it by future researchers from different areas. This study stamped through its lexical estate, daily historical, social, political and cultural configurations of local communities of the city of Feira de Santana-BA / Os registros escritos representam o pensamento e a linguagem humana, e a partir deles ? poss?vel desvendar o modo de vida de uma sociedade, em um determinado per?odo. E, assim sendo, os acervos documentais se constituem como fontes inestim?veis de investiga??es filol?gico-lingu?sticas. Neste sentido, selecionamos como corpus desta disserta??o o processo crime de roubo seguido de estupro de Maria Francisca de Jesus e Maria dos Santos, documento manuscrito com 56 f?lios, em sua maioria escritos no recto e verso, lavrado em 1914, o qual est? sob a guarda do Centro de Documenta??o e Pesquisa (CEDOC), localizado na Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana ? BA. Assim, empreendemos dois objetivos principais: o primeiro, referente ao cunho filol?gico, pauta-se nas edi??es fac-similar e semidiplom?tica do corpus, destacando alguns aspectos paleogr?ficos e codicol?gicos do documento; e o segundo, a partir da edi??o semidiplom?tica, o estudo do l?xico com base na Metodologia dos Campos Lexicais de Eug?nio Coseriu (1977), evidenciando o vocabul?rio do crime contido no corpus, do qual foram selecionadas cinquenta e uma lexias. Destacamos o uso da ferramenta computacional AntConc (ANTHONY, 2016) para o levantamento das lexias referentes ao campo do crime, bem como dos contextos das ocorr?ncias. Como embasamento te?rico, na ?rea filol?gica, utilizamos estudiosos como Spina (1977 e 1994), Cambraia (2005), Spaggiari e Perugi (2004), entre outras refer?ncias; na ?rea lexicol?gica, por sua vez, tivemos como fundamenta??o te?rica Eugenio Coseriu ([1977] 1991 e 1987), Abbade (2006 e 2011), Mario Vilela (1994), Biderman (1981 e 1998), dentre outros. Ressaltamos que tamb?m discutimos, neste trabalho, alguns aspectos s?cio-hist?ricos, relacionados ? viol?ncia na cidade de Feira de Santana, de acordo com a ?poca em que o corpus se insere. No que concerne ? viol?ncia na cidade de Feira de Santana, utilizamos como refer?ncias Poppino (1968), Oliveira (2000) e alguns recortes de not?cias do Jornal Folha do Norte (1909-1913). Portanto, ao realizarmos as edi??es fac-similar e semidiplom?tica do processo crime de roubo e estupro, do in?cio do s?culo XX, contribu?mos para a n?o-deteriora??o do documento, facilitando a leitura do mesmo por pesquisadores futuros de ?reas diversas, al?m de ter estampado, atrav?s do seu esp?lio lexical, configura??es de cotidianos hist?ricos, sociais, pol?ticos e culturais de comunidades locais da cidade de Feira de Santana ? BA

La recherche a pour objet la structuration du champ lexical des mots « chance », « fortune », « hasard » et « risque » du XVIIIe au XXIe siècle. Témoin de mutations qu’a connues la civilisation occidentale durant cette période, ce champ, qui se rattache à la notion de fortune / hasard, présente une relative homogénéité sémantique.Les mots (et leurs dérivés) sont étudiés à travers le déploiement, la régulation et la répartition des normes d’usages, non seulement en français hexagonal, mais aussi en français québécois. L’étude se fonde sur l’exploitation de deux types de corpus. D’une part, un corpus d’articles extraits d’une cinquantaine de dictionnaires sert à mettre en évidence la productivité morphosémantique et sémantique de ces unités dans une perspective historique large. D’autre part, un grand ensemble d’énoncés diversifiés permet, par la mise au jour de types de contextes, d’effectuer un suivi diachronique des usages. L’approche continuiste des différences d’usages s’appuie sur une représentation fréquentielle des changements sémantiques.La thèse apporte une contribution à la question de la variation des usages et du changement sémantique, qui ouvre sur plusieurs perspectives. Elle se veut d’abord une réflexion sur la théorie et la méthodologie descriptives, appréhendées à la lumière de l’analyse de la nature et du rôle des corpus. Elle met ensuite en évidence l’importance de la dimension intersubjective dans l’activité de signification, en particulier le rôle déterminant des structures syntagmatiques dans l’établissement de nouveaux usages sémantiques. Enfin, elle permet de mettre en relation le changement sémantique avec les conditions sociohistoriques et les représentations collectives. / The present study deals with the way in which the lexical field regrouping the words “chance”, “fortune”, “hazard” and “risqué” has been structured in the French language from the eighteenth century till the present day. Revealing major changes in western societies during this period of time, the field, which corresponds to the linguistic representation of the notion of fortune / hasard, presents a certain coherence.We have examined these words and their derived forms through the display, regulation, and distribution of norms of use, not only in Hexagonal French, but also in Quebec French. Two types of corpora have been analysed. On the one hand, a corpus of articles from around 50 dictionaries has been used to emphasize the lexical and semantic productivity of the different units on a large historical scale. On the other hand, in revealing context types, a set of texts reflecting French language varieties has allowed for carrying out a diachronic analysis of lexical uses. The continuist approach to semantic differences rests upon a frequential representation of semantic changes.The thesis brings a significant contribution to the question of usage variations and semantic change, providing new perspectives. It first deals with theory and methodology of lexical description, considered through the analysis of the nature and the role of corpora. It then evidences the central role of syntagmatic structures in the setting of new semantic uses. The study has finally put into relation semantic changes with their historical background and the collective representations of the time.